CN106017849A - Rotatable sand collector for measuring sand-driven flow and sand-transporting flux on ice surface - Google Patents
Rotatable sand collector for measuring sand-driven flow and sand-transporting flux on ice surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN106017849A CN106017849A CN201610515276.2A CN201610515276A CN106017849A CN 106017849 A CN106017849 A CN 106017849A CN 201610515276 A CN201610515276 A CN 201610515276A CN 106017849 A CN106017849 A CN 106017849A
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- sand
- pedestal
- rotary shaft
- collection
- ice face
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a rotatable sand collector for measuring the sand-driven flow and the sand-transporting flux on an ice surface. The rotatable sand collector comprises a wind indicator capable of arbitrarily rotating along with the change of the wind direction, a rotating shaft, a pedestal and a pedestal shield. The rotating shaft is vertically arranged. The wind indicator is arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft. When the sand-driven flow comes, the wind indicator drives the rotating shaft to rotate. The bottom end of the rotating shaft is fixed in the pedestal. The bottom end of the pedestal is arranged in the pedestal shield. The rotating shaft is axially provided with a plurality of sand collecting unit fixing brackets. The middle part of each sand collecting unit fixing bracket is fixed onto the rotating shaft. The two ends of each sand collecting unit fixing bracket are respectively provided with one sand collecting unit. The pedestal shield is made of nylon. The rotatable sand collector is simple in structure, accurate in measurement and easy in operation, which can be conveniently arranged on the ice surface. Therefore, the rotatable sand collector is a necessary instrument for the research of the sand transport process on the ice surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING field, particularly relate to a kind of mensuration ice face stream and sediment transport is led to
The rotatable sand-taped instrument of amount.
Background technology
One vital task of Soil Erosion Modelling Study is through silt discharge and changes with height and position, and then really
Determine the Structure of wind-Sand Flow under the conditions of certain wind speed and Sand Flow Transportation shifting amount.Stream is group's fortune of a kind of grains of sand
Dynamic, be the important step during wind-sand activity, understand the flow behavior of the stream grains of sand, handling process,
Erosion hazard, to prevention soil and water loss, is preserved the ecological environment significant.
Due to the particularity of environment, river (such as the Yellow River) littoral wind-sand activity process be both different from desert,
Sand ground region, is also different from coastal area, after entering comprehensive freezeup period the most in the winter time, and the river course water surface
Become ice face, this period wind-sand activity also into active phase, the drift sand contacted with ice face with stream and
The mode of sand dune reach advances to river course, and entrance ice face sand material forms stream on ice face and transports on ice
Move.So, winter, wind-sand activity related to ice face dust storm process, understands this process and dust storm enters river mistake
Journey and enter river amount determination significant, to effectively prevent dust storm enter river provide science theory depend on
According to.
Sand-taped instrument is the important of research dust storm movement law, observation Structure of wind-Sand Flow feature and Sand Flow Transportation shifting amount
One of instrument.At present, most sand-taped instrument is mainly applied to desert, sand ground, grassland, farmland etc.
The observation of field Sand Movement.
The sand-taped instrument of current main flow is installed in ice face and measures stream and sediment transport flux, occur following
Problem:
1. major part sand-taped instrument is all metal class, and pedestal contacts with ice face, ablation after a period of time
Sand-taped instrument there will be inclination or lodging, has influence on the husky effect of receipts, it is impossible to ensure measurement result accuracy and
Precision.
2. part sand-taped instrument is owing to sand material storage part is at pedestal, and base part is the hugest, in ice face
On take hollow place install sand-taped instrument be difficulty with, sand-taped instrument base depth can exceed that ice layer thickness causes nothing
Method is installed in ice face.
Above-mentioned reason occurs: the pedestal of metal class easily melts on ice face, and thawing speed can be fast；Winter
Although Ji Wendu is in subzero, but metal specific heat holds relatively big with differing of water, heats up very fast, so
Nearly noon sand-taped instrument pedestal easily makes ablation with contact position, ice face so that produces at pedestal and loosens, leads
Cause sand-taped instrument to tilt and lodging.Meanwhile, sand-taped instrument pedestal above section weight metal is relatively big and weather in recent years
Winter climate warms and exacerbates the generation of this phenomenon.Warm winter also causes ice sheet in winter in recent years thinning, in distribution
Test block ice layer thickness in winter about 30cm, for the hugest sand-taped instrument of those pedestals on ice face
It is difficult to there is place.
The drawback used in ice face for the problem that presently, there are and current sand-taped instrument and limitation, be badly in need of wanting
Development can overcome above difficulty, is suitable on ice face the sand-taped instrument installed, completes ice face Sand Flow Transportation and move past journey
Observation, for dust storm enter river observation provide effective instrument.The present invention provide a kind of simple in construction,
Measure research ice face stream accurate, that be easily installed and the rotary type sand-taped instrument of sediment transport flux.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem existing for prior art, the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of survey
Determine the rotatable sand-taped instrument of ice face stream and sediment transport flux, it is achieved that to any direction on ice face, river course
The collection of near surface sand material, the present invention have simple in construction, measure accurately, be easily installed with ice face,
The advantages such as easy operation, are that research ice face Sand Flow Transportation moves past the requisite instrument of journey.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux, including: can box haul change
And the wind vane arbitrarily rotated, rotary shaft, pedestal and pedestal guard shield；
Described rotary shaft is vertically arranged, and described wind vane is arranged on the top of rotary shaft, when stream arrives
Time, wind vane is rotated axle and rotates；
The bottom of rotary shaft is fixed in pedestal；The bottom of pedestal is arranged in pedestal guard shield；
Described rotary shaft is provided with multiple sand collector fixed support vertically；Each described sand collector is solid
The middle part of fixed rack is fixing on the rotary shaft；The support bracket fastened two ends of each sand collector are separately installed with collection
Husky device；
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention is permissible by develop based on the field test research of river course bank aeolian transport winter
It is arranged at the rotatable sand-taped instrument on the ice faces such as river course.
Pedestal is connected with pedestal guard shield makes sand-taped instrument be stably placed on ice face, utilizes wind vane box haul to change
And arbitrarily rotate, thus axle is rotated and rotates, and sand collector rotation on the rotary shaft is installed,
Differing heights, the ice face dust storm amount of different directions is collected by sand collector.
Sand material is utilized the sand collector arranged on the rotary shaft to collect by the present invention, amassing at sustained height
Husky device has 2, is so equivalent to do in test and repeats test, which enhances test data essence
Degree；Compared with sand material being stored in pedestal with prior art, pedestal is less, need not dig during installation simultaneously
Take hollow place, have and be easily installed and the advantage such as use.
The present invention can truly reflect ice in winter face stream feature and sediment transport flux sediment transport flux, compensate for existing
There is sand-taped instrument device limitation on application region.Mensuration ice face stream of the present invention and sediment transport flux
Rotatable sand-taped instrument have simple in construction, measure accurately, be easily installed excellent in ice face, easy operation etc.
Point, is the research ice face requisite instrument of dust storm process.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, the material of described pedestal guard shield is nylon.
That takes such scheme has the beneficial effect that inventor isolates by arranging the pedestal guard shield of nylon material
Ice face contacts with pedestal, it is to avoid the whole device run-off the straight that metal easily melts in ice face and causes.
Further, described sand collector is arranged windward, is used for collecting dust storm；
Described sand collector includes sand-collecting cylinder and the collection sandbag being enclosed within outside sand-collecting cylinder；
Described sand-collecting cylinder includes clamping part and the collection portion being connected with one end of clamping part, described clamping part
Inside connects with the inside in collection portion, and described collection portion is strip groove-like structure；
Described collection sandbag is the strip of inner hollow, its one end open, and the other end is remained silent, the one of opening
End is fixed on sand collector fixed support together with the clamping part of sand-collecting cylinder；Remaining silent of described collection sandbag
One end is enclosed within outside the other end in collection portion.
Further, the other end of described clamping part is provided with removably capping；Another of described collection portion
Hold curved.
Further, described collection sandbag is made up of the double-layer stainless steel silk screen of 400 mesh.
Such scheme is used to provide the benefit that:
The setting of the structure of sand-collecting cylinder, can expand ventilative area as far as possible, also functions to collection sandbag simultaneously
Supporting role, in preventing from collecting sandbag, sand material is piled up the collection sandbag crimp ventilative effect of impact.
Collection sandbag selected the silk screen that wind is only husky, mainly ensured the fluency of stream, improved collection sand
The receipts sand efficiency of device, silk screen collection sandbag can avoid winter snow cover that collection sandbag is drenched damage simultaneously,
Avoid again sand collector enter melt after accumulated snow after water mix with sand material and is difficult to sample, collect sandbag ventilative
Good, the most beneficially illumination direct projection sand material, accelerate being dried of sand material, improve sampling efficiency.
Collection sandbag is the double-layer stainless steel silk screen of 400 mesh, both can improve air-flow and enter the smoothness of collection sandbag
Property, reduce gas-flow resistance, also ensure that the near-nature forest flow flowing into sand dust, improve the long-pending of sand-taped instrument
Husky efficiency.
By arranging capping, before mensuration starts, it is possible to use capping stops the grains of sand to enter collection sand
Device.
Further, described sand collector fixed support includes rack plate and fixing of being arranged on rack plate
Folder；
Described rack plate includes both wings and the fixed part between both wings, described fixed part with rotation
Axle is fixing to be connected, and the distalmost end of the both wings of rack plate is provided with fixation clamp, and fixation clamp is used for clamping sand collector.
Above-mentioned further scheme is used to provide the benefit that: to use fixation clamp, it is ensured that sampling flexible
Property, improve sampling efficiency.
Further, described rotary shaft is provided with multiple for fixing fixed groove, and the fixed part of rack plate is embedding
Enter in fixed groove.
Above-mentioned further scheme is used to provide the benefit that: fixed groove can realize realizing accurately determining simultaneously
Position and fixedly secure sand collector fixed support and avoid run-off the straight.
Further, fixed part is the laminated structure being vertically arranged, and described both wings are vertical with fixed part respectively,
The thickness face of both wings horizontally set and both wings is arranged windward, the windward side of the rack plate around reduction sand cylinder,
Reduce the interference to wind.
Above-mentioned further scheme is used to provide the benefit that: to reduce sand collector rack plate in both wings position pair
Interference of sand storm resistance, it is ensured that stream is smooth and easy enters into sand-collecting cylinder.
Further, described wind vane includes wind vane blade, connecting rod and counterweight；Connecting rod level sets
Putting, one end of connecting rod is connected with wind vane blade, and the other end of connecting rod is connected with counterweight, connects
The middle part of bar is connected by wind vane holder is fixing with the top of rotary shaft.
Above-mentioned further scheme is used to provide the benefit that: by the reasonable setting of wind vane structure, wind direction
Mark blade produces rotary power and axle rotation is rotated, and the setting of counterweight reaches the counterweight that wind vane is overall
Effect, advantageously ensures that the stationarity of rotation.
Further, described pedestal includes that pedestal axle and band are along dust cover；The top of described pedestal axle is embedded with
For the jackscrew being connected with the bottom of rotary shaft；Described pedestal axle is also equipped with bearing；Band is pacified along dust cover
It is contained on pedestal axle and band is positioned at above bearing along dust cover；
Described bearing is provided with two, is the most relatively arranged on pedestal axle, and two bearings are embedded into pedestal
Hollow space within guard shield so that together with bearing is close to the inwall of the hollow space within pedestal guard shield,
Do not occur when bearing rotary relatively to slide；
The top of described pedestal guard shield is circumferentially arranged with outer, and when normally using, pedestal guard shield embeds ice face
In, described band abuts along the outer of dust cover with pedestal guard shield, and parallel with ice face.
Further, described bearing above is upper ball bearing, be positioned at lower section described bearing be under
Ball bearing, and the internal diameter of upper ball bearing is more than the internal diameter of lower ball bearing.
Such scheme is used to provide the benefit that:
The band that pedestal is provided with can effectively prevent sand material from entering pedestal inner bearing along dust cover, it is to avoid impact
Rotation effect to rotatable sand-taped instrument.
Bearing is divided into upper and lower two ball bearings, and external diameter and the ball bearing internal diameter of pedestal axle are close to, logical
Cross internal friction to be close to fix, while both having ensured that bearing rotary is stable, can reduce again and pedestal guard shield wall
Friction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument axonometric chart measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux；
Fig. 2 is a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument wind vane axonometric chart measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux,
Including Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument wind vane holder measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux stands
Body figure；
Fig. 4 is a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument rotary shaft axonometric chart measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux；
Fig. 5 is a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument tridimensional figure measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux；
Fig. 6 is a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument pedestal guard shield solid measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Figure；
Fig. 7 is a kind of fixing of rotatable sand-taped instrument sand collector measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Frame axonometric chart；
Fig. 8 is a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument sand collector solid measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Figure, including Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 C.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, wind vane, 11, wind vane blade, 12, connecting rod, 13 counterweights, 2, wind vane fixes
Device, 3, rotary shaft, 31, upper connector, 32, fixed groove, 33, lower connector, 4, pedestal,
41, jackscrew, 42, band along dust cover, 43, bearing, 5, pedestal guard shield, 6, fixing of sand collector
Frame, 61, fixation clamp, 62, rack plate, 7, sand collector, 71, sand-collecting cylinder, 72, collection sandbag,
73, capping.
Detailed description of the invention
Being described principle and the feature of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example is served only for explaining this
Invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1-8, a kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux, including:
Can box haul change and the wind vane 1, rotary shaft 3, pedestal 4 and the pedestal guard shield 5 that arbitrarily rotate；
Described rotary shaft 3 is vertically arranged, and described wind vane 1 is arranged on the top of rotary shaft 3, works as dust storm
Stream comes interim, and wind vane 1 is rotated axle 3 and rotates；The bottom of rotary shaft 3 is fixed in pedestal 4；
The bottom of pedestal 4 is arranged in pedestal guard shield 5；Described rotary shaft 3 is provided with multiple collection sand dress vertically
Put fixed support 6；The middle part of each described sand collector fixed support 6 is fixed in rotary shaft 3；Often
The two ends of individual sand collector fixed support 6 are separately installed with sand collector 7.The material of described pedestal guard shield 5
Matter is the material being difficult to melt the ice.The material of described pedestal guard shield 5 is nylon.Because whole device exists
During operation, rotary shaft constantly rotates, in order to keep the properly functioning of whole device, and pedestal guard shield 5
The selection of material be crucial.Inventor has attempted the pedestal of a variety of material, meaning during research
Other places finds, with nylon as material, can avoid because ablation causes sand-taped instrument to tilt lodging and then shadow
Ring and receive husky effect, it is ensured that the precision of measurement result and accuracy.
As shown in Figure 8, described sand collector 7 is arranged windward, is used for collecting dust storm.Sand collector 7 is wrapped
Include sand-collecting cylinder 71, capping 73 and the collection sandbag 72 being enclosed within outside sand-collecting cylinder 71.
Sand-collecting cylinder 71 entirety is half opening design.Described sand-collecting cylinder 71 include clamping part and with clamping part
The collection portion that one end connects, the inside of described clamping part connects with the inside in collection portion, and described collection portion is
Strip groove-like structure；
The described collection sandbag 72 strip in inner hollow, its one end open, the other end remains silent, opening
One end be fixed on together with the clamping part of sand-collecting cylinder on sand collector fixed support 6；Described collection sandbag
The one end remained silent is enclosed within outside the other end in collection portion.The other end of described clamping part is provided with and removably blocks
Lid 73；The other end in described collection portion is curved.
Described collection sandbag 72 is made up of the double-layer stainless steel silk screen of 400 mesh.During use, take off capping
73, dust storm passes into collection portion from the clamping part of sand-collecting cylinder 71, owing to collection portion is groove-like structure
And outer surface cover collection sandbag, dust storm enters in collection sandbag, and collection sandbag is by the double-layer stainless steel silk of 400 mesh
Net is made, can ventilative but impermeable sand, it is achieved that the collection of dust storm.
As it is shown in fig. 7, sand collector fixed support 6 includes rack plate 62 and is arranged on rack plate 62
Fixation clamp 61；Described rack plate 62 includes both wings and the fixed part between both wings, described solid
Determining portion to be connected with fixing with rotary shaft 3, the distalmost end of the both wings of rack plate 62 is equipped with fixation clamp 61,
Collection sandbag 72, sand-collecting cylinder 71 are fixed together by fixation clamp 61.Fixed part is the lamellar knot being vertically arranged
Structure, and described both wings are vertical with fixed part respectively, the thickness face of both wings horizontally set and both wings is arranged windward,
Make the thickness face of rack plate windward, the windward side of the rack plate around reduction sand cylinder, reduce wind
Interference.
As shown in Figure 4, the top of described rotary shaft is upper connector 31, is used for and wind vane holder 2
Fixing connection；The bottom of described rotary shaft is lower connector 33, for being connected with the embedded jackscrew of pedestal.
Rotary shaft 3 is provided with multiple for fixing fixed groove 32, and the fixed part of rack plate 62 is embedded in fixing
In groove 32, it is also possible to fix further with screw.
As in figure 2 it is shown, wind vane 1 includes wind vane blade 11, connecting rod 12 and counterweight 13；Even
Extension bar 12 is horizontally disposed with, and one end of connecting rod 12 is connected with wind vane blade 11, connecting rod 12 another
One end is connected with counterweight 13, and the middle part of connecting rod 12 is by wind vane holder 2 and rotary shaft 3
Top is fixing to be connected, and described connecting rod 12 is vertical with rotary shaft 3.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described pedestal 4 includes that pedestal axle, bearing 43 and band are along dust cover 42；
The top of described pedestal axle is embedded with jackscrew 41, for being connected with the bottom of rotary shaft 3；Described pedestal axle
It is also equipped with bearing 43；Band is arranged on pedestal axle along dust cover 42 and band is positioned at bearing along dust cover 42
Above in the of 43；
Described bearing 43 is provided with two, opposing upper and lower is arranged on pedestal axle, and two bearings 43 embed
To the hollow space within pedestal guard shield 5 so that bearing is interior with the hollow space within pedestal guard shield 5
Wall is close to together, does not occur when bearing 43 rotates relatively to slide；
The top of described pedestal guard shield 5 is circumferentially arranged with outer, and when normally using, pedestal guard shield 5 embeds
In ice face, described band is parallel with ice face along dust cover 42, and the band of described pedestal is along dust cover 42 and pedestal
The outer of guard shield 5 abuts.When specifically arranging, described bearing 43 above is upper ball bearing,
The described bearing 43 being positioned at lower section is lower ball bearing, and the internal diameter of upper ball bearing is more than lower ball axle
The internal diameter held, after ensureing that the abrasion of pedestal axle is made the diameter of pedestal axle diminish after installing by upper ball bearing,
The lower ball bearing of little internal diameter still can have good friction effect with pedestal axle after installing, and finally ensures
That runs is steady.
During operation, under the action of the forces of the wind, wind vane rotates, and axle and rotary shaft are rotated
The sand collector that is provided with rotates, and sand collector collects dust storm, due to rotary shaft bottom with in pedestal axle
Embedding jackscrew connects, and band moving base axle, upper ball bearing, lower ball bearing and band are along dust cover the most together
Rotate.Band abuts along the outer of dust cover 42 with pedestal guard shield 5, and pedestal guard shield 5 carries for whole device
For support force.
Technical scheme is explained further below by a specific embodiment.
A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument overall structure measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux is upright tubular,
Be followed successively by from top to bottom: can box haul change and arbitrarily rotate wind vane 1, rotary shaft 3, pedestal 4
With pedestal guard shield 5.Described rotary shaft 3 is vertically arranged, and described wind vane 1 is arranged on the top of rotary shaft 3
End, when stream comes interim, and wind vane 1 is rotated axle 3 and rotates；The bottom of rotary shaft 3 is fixed on
In pedestal 4；The bottom of pedestal 4 is arranged in pedestal guard shield 5；Described rotary shaft 3 is provided with vertically
Multiple sand collector fixed supports 6；The middle part of each described sand collector fixed support 6 is fixed on rotation
On axle 3；The two ends of each sand collector fixed support 6 are separately installed with sand collector 7.
As in figure 2 it is shown, wind vane 1 includes wind vane blade 11, connecting rod 12 and counterweight 13；Even
Extension bar 12 is horizontally disposed with, and one end of connecting rod 12 is bolted with wind vane blade 11, connects
The other end of bar 12 is connected with counterweight 13, the middle part of connecting rod 12 by wind vane holder 2 with
The top of rotary shaft 3 is bolted to connection, and described connecting rod 12 is vertical with rotary shaft 3.
Sand-taped instrument rotary shaft and wind vane select the alloy material of the hardest and light feature, such as: aluminum closes
Gold, can alleviate the weight of sand-taped instrument self.
As shown in Figure 4, described rotary shaft 3 top is upper connector 31, for solid with wind vane holder
Fixed connection；The bottom of described rotary shaft is lower connector 33, for being connected with the embedded jackscrew of pedestal.Rotation
Rotating shaft 3 is provided with multiple fixed groove 32 for fixing sand collector fixed support 6, each fixed groove
32 and sand collector fixed support 6 fix, each sand collector fixed support 6 is provided with two and fixes
Folder, each fixation clamp one sand collector of clamping.
Wind vane holder 2 is rectangular sheet structure, and the bolt on top is used for and is connected 12 fixing connections,
The bolt of bottom is connected for fixing with the upper connector 31 of rotary shaft 3.
As it is shown in fig. 7, sand collector fixed support 6 includes rack plate 62 and is arranged on rack plate 62
Fixation clamp 61；Described rack plate 62 includes both wings and the fixed part between both wings, described solid
Determining portion to be connected with fixing with rotary shaft 3, the distalmost end of the both wings of rack plate 62 is provided with fixation clamp 61, Gu
Clamp 61 is connected by bolt is fixing with the both wings of rack plate 62.Fixed part is the lamellar knot being vertically arranged
Structure, and described both wings are vertical with fixed part respectively, the thickness face of both wings horizontally set and both wings is arranged windward,
For reducing sand collector to interference of sand storm resistance.
The fixed part of rack plate 62 is embedded in fixed groove 32, and is tightened and rotary shaft 3 by bolt
Connect.
As shown in Figure 8, described sand collector 7 is arranged windward, is used for collecting dust storm；Sand collector 7 is wrapped
Include sand-collecting cylinder 71, capping 73 and the collection sandbag 72 being enclosed within outside sand-collecting cylinder 71；Sand-collecting cylinder 71 is in half-open
Mouth design, is designed by the half opening of sand-collecting cylinder 71 and can increase draught area, and strengthening ventilates imitates into husky
Really, it is simultaneously used for supporting collection sandbag 72.
Described sand collector 7 includes sand-collecting cylinder 71 and the collection sandbag 72 being enclosed within outside sand-collecting cylinder 71；
Described sand-collecting cylinder 71 includes clamping part and the collection portion being connected with one end of clamping part, collection portion
The other end is curved, and the other end of clamping part is provided with removably capping 73, measures before starting, utilizes
Capping 73 stops the grains of sand to enter sand collector 7, after test starts, can be taken off by capping 73, use
In collecting dust storm；The inside of described clamping part connects with the inside in collection portion, and described collection portion is strip
Groove-like structure；
The described collection sandbag 72 strip in inner hollow, its one end open, the other end remains silent, opening
One end be fixed on together with the clamping part of sand-collecting cylinder on sand collector fixed support 6；Described collection sandbag
The one end remained silent is enclosed within outside the other end in collection portion.During use, the opening of collection sandbag 72 is enclosed within folder
Hold outside portion, make remaining silent of collection sandbag 72 be enclosed within outside collection portion.
Described collection sandbag 72 is made up of the double-layer stainless steel silk screen of 400 mesh.Prevent dust storm, snowfall to collection
The destruction of husky device, ensureing the most to greatest extent ventilates reduces resistance when dust storm enters collection sandbag, improves collection
Sha Yi collection sand effect.
Collection sandbag 72, sand-collecting cylinder 71 can be clamped in fixing by fixing clamp holder together that pin fixation clamp 61
Folder 61, thus be fixed.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, described pedestal 4 includes that pedestal axle, bearing 43 and band are along dust cover 42；
The embedded jackscrew in top 41 of described pedestal axle, for being connected with the bottom of rotary shaft 3；Described pedestal axle is also
Bearing 43 is installed；Band is arranged on pedestal axle along dust cover 42 and band is positioned on bearing along dust cover 42
Side；For preventing dust storm, snowfall etc. from entering pedestal guard shield 5.
Described bearing 43 is provided with two, is the most relatively arranged on pedestal axle, and two bearings 43 embed
To the hollow space within pedestal guard shield 5 so that bearing is interior with the hollow space within pedestal guard shield 5
Wall is close to together, does not occur when bearing rotary relatively to slide；
Described pedestal guard shield 5 is the column structure of open top and inner hollow, described pedestal guard shield 5
Top is circumferentially arranged with outer, and when normally using, pedestal guard shield 5 embeds in ice face, and described band is along dust-proof
Cover 42 is parallel with ice face, and the band of described pedestal abuts along the outer of dust cover 42 with pedestal guard shield 5, makes
Rotate sand-taped instrument and be firmly fixed to ice face.
Described bearing 43 above is upper ball bearing, and the described bearing 4 being positioned at lower section is lower rolling
Pearl bearing, and the internal diameter of upper ball bearing is more than the internal diameter of lower ball bearing.By upper and lower two balls
The setting of bearing, while both having ensured that bearing rotary was stable, can reduce again and pedestal guard shield 5 wall friction
The material of described pedestal guard shield 5 is nylon.Inventor is found surprisingly that under study for action, uses nylon
The pedestal guard shield of material avoids causing sand-taped instrument to tilt lodging because of ablation and then husky effect is received in impact, can
To ensure precision and the accuracy of measurement result.A diameter of 10-15cm of the bottom of pedestal guard shield, outer
A diameter of 15-20cm, height be 15-20cm.
During use, first embedding under ice face by pedestal guard shield 5, the outer of pedestal guard shield 5 is placed on ice face,
Pedestal 4 is placed in pedestal guard shield 5, and band is parallel with ice face along dust cover 42,3 times connectors of rotary shaft
33 with embedded jackscrew 4-1 compact siro spinning technology.
Arranging fixed groove 32 at ten on the axis body of rotary shaft 3, at ten, fixed groove 32 and band are along dust-proof
On cover 42 spacing on edge be respectively 5cm, 10cm, 15cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 50cm, 60cm,
80cm、100cm。
Using method is as follows:
Stream comes interim, and wind vane 1 box haul rotarily drives rotary shaft 3 and rotates, and opens capping 73,
Sand collector 7 collects stream windward, and the differing heights soil drifting grains of sand are by the head of sand-collecting cylinder 71
Collect and flow to collect in sandbag 72.Coordinate small-sized weather station simultaneously, record time started, wind direction, wind speed
Value.
After stream, record dwell time, according to sand collector in rotary shaft 7 order of placement, by upper
The fixed mount opening sand collector fixed support 6 under to successively takes out sand collector 7, by each sand collector
In the collection sandbag 72 of 7, the grains of sand pour sealing bag into, take back laboratory and weigh record.According to formula unit of account
Time, unit are enter differing heights sand collector 7 soil drifting amount and flow to the defeated of sand collector
Husky flux.
The present invention sets by measuring the rational in infrastructure of rotatable sand-taped instrument of ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Put, it is achieved that collection to the near surface sand material of any direction on ice face, river course.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all in the present invention
Spirit and principle within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in this
Within bright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. the rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux, it is characterised in that bag
Include: can box haul change and arbitrarily rotate wind vane (1), rotary shaft (3), pedestal (4) and
Pedestal guard shield (5)；
Described rotary shaft (3) is vertically arranged, and described wind vane (1) is arranged on the top of rotary shaft (3)
End, when stream comes interim, and wind vane (1) is rotated axle (3) and rotates；
The bottom of rotary shaft (3) is fixed in pedestal (4)；The bottom of pedestal (4) is arranged on pedestal
In guard shield (5)；
Described rotary shaft (3) is provided with multiple sand collector fixed support (6) vertically；Each described
The middle part of sand collector fixed support (6) is fixed in rotary shaft (3)；Fixing of each sand collector
The two ends of frame (6) are separately installed with sand collector (7).
A kind of rotatable collection sand measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Instrument, it is characterised in that the material of described pedestal guard shield (5) is nylon.
A kind of rotatable collection sand measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Instrument, it is characterised in that described sand collector (7) is arranged windward, is used for collecting dust storm；
Described sand collector (7) includes sand-collecting cylinder (71) and is enclosed within sand-collecting cylinder (71) collection sandbag outward
(72)；
Described sand-collecting cylinder (71) includes clamping part and the collection portion being connected with one end of clamping part, described folder
The inside of the inside and collection portion of holding portion connects, and described collection portion is strip groove-like structure；
The described collection sandbag (72) strip in inner hollow, its one end open, the other end is remained silent, and opens
One end of mouth is fixed on sand collector fixed support (6) together with the clamping part of sand-collecting cylinder；Described collection
One end remained silent of sandbag is enclosed within outside the other end in collection portion.
A kind of rotatable collection sand measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Instrument, it is characterised in that the other end of described clamping part is provided with removably capping (73)；Described receipts
The other end in collection portion is curved.
A kind of rotatable collection sand measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Instrument, it is characterised in that described collection sandbag (72) is made up of the double-layer stainless steel silk screen of 400 mesh.
6. according to described in any one of claim 1-5 a kind of measure ice face stream and sediment transport flux can
Rotate sand-taped instrument, it is characterised in that described sand collector fixed support (6) includes rack plate (62)
With the fixation clamp (61) being arranged on rack plate (62)；
Described rack plate (62) includes both wings and the fixed part between both wings, described fixed part with
Rotary shaft (3) is fixing to be connected, and the distalmost end of the both wings of rack plate (62) is equipped with fixation clamp (61),
Fixation clamp (61) is used for clamping sand collector (7).
A kind of rotatable collection sand measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Instrument, it is characterised in that described rotary shaft (3) is provided with multiple for fixing fixed groove (32),
The fixed part of rack plate (62) is embedded in fixed groove (32).
A kind of rotatable collection sand measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux
Instrument, it is characterised in that fixed part is the laminated structure being vertically arranged, and described both wings respectively with fixed part
Vertically, the thickness face of both wings horizontally set and both wings is arranged windward.
9. according to described in any one of claim 1-5 a kind of measure ice face stream and sediment transport flux can
Rotate sand-taped instrument, it is characterised in that described wind vane (1) includes wind vane blade (11), connects
Bar (12) and counterweight (13)；Connecting rod (12) is horizontally disposed with, one end of connecting rod (12) with
Wind vane blade (11) connects, and the other end of connecting rod (12) is connected with counterweight (13), connects
The middle part of bar (12) is connected by wind vane holder (2) is fixing with the top of rotary shaft (3).
10. according to described in any one of claim 1-5 a kind of measure ice face stream and sediment transport flux can
Rotate sand-taped instrument, it is characterised in that
Described pedestal (4) includes that pedestal axle and band are along dust cover (42)；In the top of described pedestal axle
It is embedded with the jackscrew (41) for being connected with the bottom of rotary shaft (3)；Described pedestal axle is also equipped with axle
Hold (43)；Band is arranged on pedestal axle along dust cover (42) and band is positioned at bearing along dust cover (42)
(43) top；
Described bearing (43) is provided with two, opposing upper and lower is arranged on pedestal axle, two bearings (43)
It is embedded into the hollow space that pedestal guard shield (5) is internal so that during bearing is internal with pedestal guard shield (5)
The inwall of empty part is close to together, does not occur relatively to slide when bearing (43) rotates；
The top of described pedestal guard shield (5) is circumferentially arranged with outer, when normally using, and pedestal guard shield (5)
Embedding in ice face, described band abuts along the outer of dust cover (42) with pedestal guard shield (5), and and ice
Face is parallel；
Described bearing (43) above is upper ball bearing, is positioned at the described bearing (43) of lower section
For lower ball bearing, and the internal diameter of upper ball bearing is more than the internal diameter of lower ball bearing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610515276.2A CN106017849B (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2016-07-01 | A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610515276.2A CN106017849B (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2016-07-01 | A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106017849A true CN106017849A (en) | 2016-10-12 |
| CN106017849B CN106017849B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
Family
ID=57106241
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610515276.2A Expired - Fee Related CN106017849B (en) | 2016-07-01 | 2016-07-01 | A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106017849B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966329A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-04-27 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument of more gradient spins |
| CN111929028A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-11-13 | 海南大学 | On-site actual measurement system and method for measuring wind-blown sand flow field and wind-blown sand load of building |
| CN114636540A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-17 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Rotatable sand collecting instrument for measuring sand flow and sand transportation flux |
| JP7510168B2 (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2024-07-03 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | Non-directional sand-blow measurement device |
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| CN205719469U (en) * | 2016-07-01 | 2016-11-23 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument measuring ice face stream and sediment transport flux |
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| JPH07218529A (en) * | 1994-02-02 | 1995-08-18 | Fujita Corp | Method and instrument for measuring wind direction in wind tunnel experiment |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107966329A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2018-04-27 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of rotatable sand-taped instrument of more gradient spins |
| CN111929028A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2020-11-13 | 海南大学 | On-site actual measurement system and method for measuring wind-blown sand flow field and wind-blown sand load of building |
| JP7510168B2 (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2024-07-03 | 国立大学法人鳥取大学 | Non-directional sand-blow measurement device |
| CN114636540A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-17 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | Rotatable sand collecting instrument for measuring sand flow and sand transportation flux |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106017849B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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