CN106017714B - A kind of fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature - Google Patents
A kind of fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature Download PDFInfo
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- CN106017714B CN106017714B CN201610482789.8A CN201610482789A CN106017714B CN 106017714 B CN106017714 B CN 106017714B CN 201610482789 A CN201610482789 A CN 201610482789A CN 106017714 B CN106017714 B CN 106017714B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of quasi-distributed fine measuring systems of formation temperature, including the tandem sensing acquisition part being arranged in measured zone and fill the tandem temperature sensing portion in stratum measurement well, tandem sensing acquisition part is made of first, second group of multicircuit switch and impulse generator, single-chip microcontroller, interface chip, 1st group of multicircuit switch is made of the 1st, 2 multicircuit switches, and the 2nd group of multicircuit switch is made of the 3rd, 4 multicircuit switches；Tandem temperature sensing portion is made of a part of super Category-5 twisted pair cable and multiple platinum resistance thermometer sensor,s, the orange of super Category-5 twisted pair cable, palm fibre, green, blue conducting wire and orange is white, white, green white, the blue white conducting wire of palm fibre forms 4 × 4 matrixes, respectively connect a platinum resistance thermometer sensor, at each node of matrix；Super Category-5 twisted pair cable rest part is connect with the 1st and the 2nd group of multicircuit switch.The system sensing data energy long range reliable transmission, long-term stable operation, cost performance is high, can extensive Implementation and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed sensing technical field, is finely measured more particularly to a kind of quasi-distributed formation temperature and be
System.
Background technique
Shallow layer geothermal energy resource is every to be greater than in the world as a kind of environmental protection, cleaning, reproducible new energy
The growth rate in year 20% is exploited, and the impetus that China large-scale develops and utilizes shallow layer geothermal energy resource is equally very fast
Suddenly.Exploitation shallow layer geothermal energy resource is to develop green economy, the inexorable trend of low-carbon economy and circular economy.Science, is closed at number
Quantitatively to be that shallow layer geothermal energy is sustainable use and environment (including vegetation, agriculture reason for planning and management development shallow layer geothermal energy resource
Crop, building) friendly and recycling key.Therefore, it is most important dynamically chronically to obtain characterization shallow layer geothermal energy resource
Stratum temperature data are highly important.
Dynamically, the conventional method for chronically obtaining the characterization most important layer temperature data of shallow layer geothermal energy resource is multiple spot redundancy
The method for being routed temperature transducer, disadvantage are as follows: lead is mostly difficult with field adjustable, and a temperature measuring point needs 3 leads, because
It is required that thermometric reaches 0.1 degree of precision, not only need to demarcate, but also needs to add again lead (the adjustment conducting wire of an Adjustment precision
The resistance of length), therefore temperature measuring point needs 4 leads, for a shallow layer geothermal energy test point, it is desirable that it is 120 meters long, with
8 meters are compartment of terrain districution temperature temperature measuring point, need 64 leads altogether.In addition, the sensor network volume constituted is big and is in unsmooth
Shape, therefore can be not easy to tamp and form gap because banketing after lower cable, it cannot really reflect soil horizon temperature.In view of the biography of composition
The temperature measurement accuracy of sensor net should be 0.2 degree, therefore resolution ratio should reach 0.15 degree of scale value.The sensor, debugging are
Difficult.More importantly the distribution sensor is at high cost, and construction technical requirement is harsh, is not able to satisfy the general of territory geothermal energy resources
Look into the design requirement with shallow layer geothermal energy dynamic monitoring.
Although distributed fiber grating temperature sensor can be used for the measurement of shallow layer stratum layer temperature, need to carry out shallow
The region of layer ground temperature measurement layer by layer is more, and the measurement point position quantity in each region is big, because the reason of its price cannot use.
Chinese invention patent ZL201010227592.2 discloses a kind of distributed measuring formation temperature and wire transmission is adopted
It uses the numerical value for being digitally transmitted measurement temperature of monobus to collecting system, practice have shown that, it is 120 meters points for a length
Cloth sensor-based system is able to satisfy length if its collector is placed on formation beds well head and is subject to the sealing waterproof of high quality substantially
The requirement of phase stably measured, still, the dynamic monitoring using area for a shallow layer ground-temperature energy is needed in this region difference
Place 15-30 monitoring point of installation, the monitoring point apart from shallow layer geothermal energy dynamic monitoring station apart from up to 550 meters,
It uses above-mentioned patented technology to be transmitted directly to collector with twisted pair wire to be placed in the collector of formation beds well head, practices table
It is bright, due between transmission line line line capacitance and other interference sources, it is accurate, long-term, stable that above-mentioned patented technology can not achieve
Measurement；Chinese invention patent ZL201010227606.2 and ZL201010227620.0 disclose a kind of distributed earth-layer fine temperature
Degree measurement and wireless or wireless mobile digital network transmit acquisition system, use collector to be placed in formation beds well, again with
The mode that wireless or wireless mobile digital network is transferred to shallow layer geothermal energy dynamic monitoring station measures, the geothermal of the technology
Dynamic monitors system manufacturing cost height, and waterproof enclosure difficulty (is particularly wall-mounted on the stratum temperature at man-made lake bottom and race bottom
Degree measurement), it durable cannot use, cannot be widely popularized.
Summary of the invention
In view of shallow layer geothermal energy temperature measurement depth most depth is 180 meters layer by layer, for measurement point its distribution measuring
Point most 16, and temperature is at 0-20 DEG C or so, it is easy in the adjustment of this range accuracy, it is based on this, the present invention provides a kind of biography
Sense data can long range reliable transmission, long-term work be stable, valence is finely surveyed than high, low-cost quasi-distributed formation temperature
Amount system.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature, including the quasi- distribution tandem sensing being arranged in measured zone
The quasi- distribution tandem temperature sensing portion of collecting part and landfill in stratum measurement well,
The quasi- distribution tandem sensing acquisition part is by first group and second group of multicircuit switch and impulse generator
(4), single-chip microcontroller, interface chip composition, the 1st group of multicircuit switch is made of the 1st and the 2nd multicircuit switch, described
2nd group of multicircuit switch is made of the 3rd and the 4th multicircuit switch；
The quasi- distribution tandem temperature sensing portion is made of a part of super Category-5 twisted pair cable and multiple platinum resistance thermometer sensor,s,
Orange, palm fibre in the super Category-5 twisted pair cable, green, blue 4 conducting wires and orange is white, white, green white, 4 conducting wires of Lan Bai of palm fibre form 4 × 4
Matrix is separately connected the platinum resistance thermometer sensor, at each node (i.e. measuring node) of the matrix；
The rest part of the super Category-5 twisted pair cable is connect with the 1st and the 2nd group of multicircuit switch；
Wherein, the orange in the super Category-5 twisted pair cable, palm fibre, green, blue conducting wire respectively with the 1st multicircuit switch and the 2nd
The pin (S1, S2, S3, S4) of multicircuit switch is in parallel to be connected；In the super Category-5 twisted pair cable orange it is white, palm fibre it is white, green it is white,
Blue white conducting wire is connected with the parallel connection of the pin (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the 3rd multicircuit switch and the 4th multicircuit switch respectively；
Described 1st, the output end of the output end of the 2nd multicircuit switch parallel connection and the 3rd, the 4th multicircuit switch parallel connection
It is connected respectively with the both ends (A, B) of the resistance of the time constant RC of the determination pulse width of impulse generator；Impulse generator
Pulse output end is connected with the P3.2 input terminal of single-chip microcontroller；1st, the 2nd multicircuit switch channel selecting end (2 × A0,2 ×
A1,2 × A2) it is connected respectively with the port P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 of single-chip microcontroller；3rd, the channel selecting end of the 4th multicircuit switch
(2 × A0,2 × A1,2 × A2) is connected with the port P1.3, P1.4, P1.5 of single-chip microcontroller (5) respectively；The P3.0 of single-chip microcontroller (5),
The both ends P3.1 are connected with interface chip (6).
Preferably, in the quasi- distribution tandem temperature sensing portion, the length of super Category-5 twisted pair cable is 160m.
Preferably, for each measurement point, after welding with two circle of adhesive tape pulling force winding, waterproof sealing is formed.
Preferably, the model of each multicircuit switch is AD7501；The model of the impulse generator
74AC14；The model AT89S52 of the single-chip microcontroller, using 24MHz crystal oscillator；The model MAX485 of the interface chip；Institute
Stating platinum resistance thermometer sensor, is thick-film type platinum resistance PT1000.
Each measuring node can be customized production, measuring node by the different length of measuring formation temperature design requirement
The distance between can also flexibly determine according to the difference of measurement request.
Measuring system of the invention overcomes that conventional measurement systems test lead is more, is not easy to debug, distributed temperature sensing
Device is at high cost, construction technical requirement is high, cannot smooth stranding, cannot really reflect the drawback of soil horizon temperature, especially sense number
According to being capable of long range reliable transmission, long-term stable operation.Measuring system cost performance is high, low in cost, can extensive Implementation and application,
Meet the demand of generaI investigation and the shallow layer geothermal energy dynamic monitoring of national territory geothermal energy resources.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of tandem sensing acquisition part in measuring system of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the composition schematic diagram of tandem temperature sensing portion in measuring system of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the overall circuit figure of the measuring system of invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of impulse generator in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is to measure the method schematic diagram of resistance in the present invention to measure pulse width
Wherein:
1. surpass the 2nd multicircuit switch of the 1st multicircuit switch 2-2. of Category-5 twisted pair cable 2-1.
4. impulse generator of the 3rd the 4th multicircuit switch of multicircuit switch 3-2. of 3-1.
5. 6. interface chip of single-chip microcontroller, 7. platinum resistance thermometer sensor,
Specific embodiment
The composition of the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature of the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In the examples below, each multicircuit switch is AD7501 type variable connector；Single-chip microcontroller model
AT894051, using 24MHz crystal oscillator；Platinum resistance thermometer sensor, uses PT1000 platinum resistance thermometer sensor,；Interface chip is MAX485 chip.Multichannel turns
It changes switch and is divided into two groups, first group of multicircuit switch 2 is made of the 1st, the 2nd multicircuit switch 2-1 and 2-2, more than second group
Road change-over switch 3 is made of the 3rd, the 4th multicircuit switch 3-1 and 3-2.
Referring first to Fig. 3, orange, palm fibre in super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1, green, blue conducting wire and first group of 2 phase of multicircuit switch
Even, in order to reduce conducting resistance (75 ohm can be reduced to), orange, brown, green, blue conducting wire respectively with the 1st multicircuit switch 2-1 and
S1, S2, S3, S4 pins in parallel of 2nd multicircuit switch 2-2 is connected；Orange in super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 is white, brown white, green
White, blue white conducting wire and second group of multicircuit switch 3 are connected, and in order to reduce conducting resistance (can be reduced to 75 ohm), orange is white, brown
White, green white, blue white conducting wire S1, S2, S3, S4 pin with the 3rd multicircuit switch 3-1 and the 4th multicircuit switch 3-2 respectively
Parallel connection is connected；The output end and the 3rd, the 4th multicircuit switch 3-1,3-2 of 1st, the 2nd multicircuit switch 2-1,2-2 parallel connection are simultaneously
The output end of the connection resistance R with the determination pulse width of impulse generator 4 respectivelyXBoth ends be connected；The pulse of impulse generator 4
Output end is connected with the P3.2 input terminal of single-chip microcontroller 5, with using the timer gate position GATE in single-chip microcontroller 5 to input pulsewidth into
Row counts, the change in resistance of indirect high-acruracy survey PT platinum resistance thermometer sensor,；1st, the channel choosing of the 2nd multicircuit switch 2-1,2-2
2 × A0 of end, 2 × A1,2 × A2 is selected to be connected with the port P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 of single-chip microcontroller 5 respectively；3rd, the 4th multipath conversion is opened
2 × A0 of channel selecting end, 2 × A1, the 2 × A2 for closing 3-1,3-2 are connected with the port P1.3, P1.4, P1.5 of single-chip microcontroller 5 respectively；
The both ends P3.0, P3.1 of single-chip microcontroller 5 are connected with interface chip 6.
Above section constitutes tandem sensing acquisition part 8, i.e., as shown in Figure 1, tandem sensing acquisition part is by 1- more than the 4th
Road change-over switch 2-1,2-2,3-1,3-2 and impulse generator 4, single-chip microcontroller 5, interface chip 6 form.
Orange referring to fig. 2, in the orange in super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1, palm fibre, green, blue conducting wire and super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 is white,
White, green white, the blue white conducting wire of palm fibre forms 4 × 4 rectangular, each node (by the gap length of design requirement) difference of this matrix
Connect a platinum resistance thermometer sensor, 7.For each measurement point, after welding with 2228 adhesive tape pulling force winding, two circle of 3M company, i.e.,
It can reach fixed waterproof sealing effect.Above section constitutes tandem temperature sensing portion 9, it may be assumed that tandem temperature sensing portion 9 is by surpassing
4 × 4 matrixes that a part (160 meters therein) of Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 and the conducting wire for being mounted on super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 are formed
Each node on platinum resistance thermometer sensor, 7 constitute.
In figure label 7 be the thick-film type PT1000 platinum resistance thermometer sensor, high with high thermal response and measurement accuracy, its resistance value and
The variation of temperature is directly proportional.The resistance value and temperature change relationship of PT1000 are as follows: its resistance value is when PT1000 temperature is 0 DEG C
1000 ohm, at 100 DEG C, its resistance value is about 1385.005 ohm.Its working principle be resistance value can as the temperature rises and
At the uniform velocity increase, 1 DEG C of changing value is 3.85 ohm.Also, thick-film type PT1000 by electric current≤3mA when, measured value not by
The influence of electric current self-heating, in the present embodiment, the electric current that impulse generator 4 flows through PT1000 is 2.6mA.
Measuring system of the invention works in this way:
By in measuring system of the present invention tandem temperature sensing portion 9 (i.e. super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 a part (for example,
160 meters) and be mounted on super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 conducting wire formed 4 × 4 matrixes each node on platinum resistance thermometer sensor, 7) it is offline
Into stratum measurement well, Xiang Jingzhong bankets closely knit, and the exposed portion of super Category-5 twisted pair cable 1 is drawn and connected in ground level
Tandem sensing acquisition part 8 of the invention to the shallow layer geothermal energy dynamic monitoring station for being located at this measured zone.
The power supply of tandem sensing acquisition part 8 is opened, single-chip microcontroller 5 sets P1.1=0, P1.2=0, P1.3=0, more than the 1st
The channel S1 turned in parallel a of the channel S1 and the 2nd variable connector 2-2 of way switch 2-1；Single-chip microcontroller 5 sets P1.4=0, P1.5=0,
P1.6=0, by the channel S1 turned in parallel b of the channel S1 of the 3rd variable connector 3-1 and the 4th variable connector 3-2；By conducting a and
The channel b is connected, corresponding PT1000 real time resistance value is linked into the both ends A, B of impulse generator [4] as time constant RC's
Resistance value R, at this point, value R (t) of the pulse width T of impulse generator 4 by this (measurement number is 1) PT1000 after connecting
Determine that the P3.2 of single-chip microcontroller 5 receives the upper jump of 4 reproduced pulse signal of impulse generator along stable multiplied by oscillating capacitance value C
When high level, starting 16 digit counters work, until stopping this meter when jump is stable zero level under this pulse signal
Number substitutes into this count value in formula,Calculate the temperature value of this measuring node, wherein according to 1
DEG C changing value is 3.85 ohm, and K is single-chip microcontroller pulse width count value, and T be the temperature value measured, and 1.3 be constant, obtains this
The temperature value T that PT1000 is measured1, point measurement temperature value T1The caching regional address for being stored in single-chip microcontroller is E1.Repeat aforementioned measured
Journey, the T measured1、T2、T3、T4、T5、T6、T7....T16Host computer is reached by the interface of interface chip 6, shows and forms shallow-layer
One record (i.e. series of temperature of a measurement point Different Strata depth in this region in geothermal energy dynamic monitoring data library
Value).
Counting table below is that controller goes through the order data all over measurement:
The invention has the characteristics that:
1, the measuring precision of the invention is high:
The schematic diagram of impulse generator 4 referring to fig. 4,
The service manual of impulse generator 4 show thick-film type PT1000 by electric current≤3mA when, measured value not by
The influence of electric current self-heating, the electric current that impulse generator 4 of the invention flows through PT1000 is 2.6mA, meets thick-film type PT1000
The technical requirements accurately measured.
The present invention measures the change in resistance of PT1000 with pulsewidth counting mode, and then calculates measurement temperature value, by Fig. 4
As it can be seen that the cycle of oscillation of impulse generator 4 is calculated by T=1.3 × RC, it is contemplated that the crystal oscillator of AT89S52 single-chip microcontroller uses
24MHz, therefore the period is counted as 0.5 μ s, 16 digit counters can count 65535, metering cycle up to 32.768ms in piece,
The oscillating capacitance of impulse generator uses the high stable monolithic capacitor of 10 μ F, considers most extreme application, distributed temperature
A length of 650 meters of sensor (including distribution measuring line and transmission line), line resistance value is 60 ohm, and (super Category-5 twisted pair line resistance is nominal
Value)；When variable connector is connected, because using two variable connector parallel connections, resistance is 75 ohm, then overall measurement via resistance is 60
+ 75=135 ohm, the measurement of PT1000 is not influenced.Again it is known that its resistance value is when PT1000 temperature is 0 DEG C
1000.0 ohm, at 20 DEG C, its resistance value is about 1078.9 ohm.Namely thermometric resistance value becomes between 1060-1138.9
Change, that is, every 1 degree Celsius changes 3.9 ohm, cycle of oscillation variation is about 51 μ s, and using 24MHz crystal oscillator, 0.5 μ s is counted as
1, so 1 DEG C of count value is 102 or so, that is to say, that 1 DEG C of resolution ratio can reach 0.0098 DEG C, meet shallow layer geothermal energy
The technical requirements of ground temperature measurement layer by layer.
2, the Measurement reliability of measuring system of the present invention, stability, transmission accuracy are high:
Referring to Fig. 5, since entire circuit is the detection of direct current flow pattern, whole system has very strong anti-interference energy
Power, long distance of signal transmission carry out input pulse width due to gating position GATE using the timer in AT89S52 single-chip microcontroller
It counts, for AT89S52 as GATE=1, the operation of timer will be simultaneously by TR0WithThe control of pin level, in TR0=
When 1, ifThen start counting, ifWhen, stop counting, it, can be right using this work characteristics of AT89S52
The width of external input pulse is measured.The present invention is by the output end of impulse generator and AT89S52Pin P3.2
It is connected, works as fosc=24MHz, its count value unit is 0.5 μ s, and high-acruracy survey goes out the change in resistance of PT1000 indirectly.This
Invention no signal amplifying element, long distance transmission is accurate, and therefore, measuring system can sex work reliably and with long-term.
3, the cost performance of present system is high:
The present invention is all made of conventional component, and overall manufacturing cost is cheap, is dug by the optimization of links and potential
Pick design, has reached high-precision, highly reliable, high stable technical requirements, therefore, cost performance of the invention is higher.
4, the fine measuring cable of quasi-distributed formation temperature in the present invention a plurality of can be used in combination, and can increase measurement interval,
It can also increase and fathom.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature, it is characterised in that: including the standard point being arranged in measured zone
Cloth tandem sensing acquisition part (8) and the standard filled in stratum measurement well are distributed tandem temperature sensing portion (9),
Quasi- distribution tandem sensing acquisition part (8) is sent out by first group and second group of multicircuit switch (2,3) and pulse
Raw device (4), single-chip microcontroller (5), interface chip (6) composition, the 1st group of multicircuit switch (2) is by the 1st and the 2nd multipath conversion
(2-1,2-2) composition is switched, the 2nd group of multicircuit switch (3) is by the 3rd and the 4th multicircuit switch (3-1,3-2) group
At；
Quasi- be distributed tandem temperature sensing portion (9) are by a part and multiple platinum resistance thermometer sensor,s (7) of super Category-5 twisted pair cable (1)
It constitutes, orange, palm fibre in the super Category-5 twisted pair cable (1), green, blue 4 conducting wires and orange is white, white, green white, 4 conducting wires of Lan Bai of palm fibre
4 × 4 matrixes are formed, are separately connected the platinum resistance thermometer sensor, (7) at each node of the matrix；
The rest part of the super Category-5 twisted pair cable (1) is connect with the 1st and the 2nd group of multicircuit switch (2,3)；
Wherein, the orange in the super Category-5 twisted pair cable (1), palm fibre, green, blue conducting wire respectively with the 1st multicircuit switch (2-1) and
The pin (S1, S2, S3, S4) of 2nd multicircuit switch (2-2) is in parallel to be connected；Orange in the super Category-5 twisted pair cable (1)
White, white, green white, the blue white conducting wire of the palm fibre pin with the 3rd multicircuit switch (3-1) and the 4th multicircuit switch (3-2) respectively
(S1, S2, S3, S4) is in parallel to be connected；
The output end and the 3rd, the 4th multicircuit switch (3-1,3- of the described 1st, the 2nd multicircuit switch (2-1,2-2) parallel connection
2) output end in parallel respectively with both ends (A, B) phase of the time constant RC resistance of the determination pulse width of impulse generator (4)
Even；The pulse output end of impulse generator (4) is connected with the P3.2 input terminal of single-chip microcontroller (5)；1st, the 2nd multicircuit switch
The channel selecting end (2 × A0,2 × A1,2 × A2) of (2-1,2-2) respectively with the port P1.0, P1.1, P1.2 phase of single-chip microcontroller (5)
Even；The channel selecting end (2 × A0,2 × A1,2 × A2) of 3rd, the 4th multicircuit switch (3-1,3-2) respectively with single-chip microcontroller (5)
The port P1.3, P1.4, P1.5 be connected；The both ends P3.0, P3.1 of single-chip microcontroller (5) are connected with interface chip (6)；
The model 74AC14 of the impulse generator (4).
2. the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the tandem temperature
In transducing part (9), the length of super Category-5 twisted pair cable (1) is 160m.
3. the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: for each institute
Node is stated, after welding with two circle of adhesive tape pulling force winding, forms waterproof sealing.
4. the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: institute
The model for stating each multicircuit switch is AD7501.
5. the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: institute
The model AT89S52 for stating single-chip microcontroller (5), using 24MHz crystal oscillator.
6. the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: institute
State the model MAX485 of interface chip (6).
7. the fine measuring system of quasi-distributed formation temperature according to any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating platinum resistance thermometer sensor, (7) is thick-film type platinum resistance PT1000.
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