CN106013262A - Civil engineering and archaeology combined archaeology correlation method in mercury environment - Google Patents
Civil engineering and archaeology combined archaeology correlation method in mercury environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106013262A CN106013262A CN201610344989.7A CN201610344989A CN106013262A CN 106013262 A CN106013262 A CN 106013262A CN 201610344989 A CN201610344989 A CN 201610344989A CN 106013262 A CN106013262 A CN 106013262A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/008—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against entry of noxious gases, e.g. Radon
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
Abstract
The invention relates to a civil engineering and archaeology combined archaeology correlation method in a mercury environment. When a lot of mercury exists in a mausoleum, historical relics are possibly converted in a historical relic amalgam state; assumed by the same conditions, a civil engineering and archaeology combined matryoshka curved surface dome technical scheme is implemented, namely, a ground emperor Qin's mausoleum curved surface dome sleeves an underground palace curved surface dome to separate mercury gas; problems of obstructing the emperor Qin's mausoleum archaeology are classified; and specific dealing schemes are conceived according to specific problems.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Qin Shihuang Tomb archaeological excavation method, under particularly a kind of hydrargyrum (hydrargyrum) environment, civil engineering combines with archaeology
Set baby's technical scheme, condition of equivalent reply is about the archaeology correlation technique of " can not excavate Qin Shihuang Tomb reason ".
Background technology
Hydrargyrum is also hydrargyrum, exists at the ionic compound that nature is native element or Hg2+, has strong thiophilicity
With parent's copper, the most also it is easy to the simple substance chemical combination with sulfur and copper and generates stable compound.Hydrargyrum is at room temperature, normal pressure
The lower metal uniquely existed with liquid.Fusing point-38.87 DEG C, boiling point 356.6 DEG C, density 13.59 grams/cc.Cohesiveness is very
By force, stable in the air, hydrargyrum is easy to be evaporated in air cause harm, is the most easily broken into little globule, retains in all-pervasively
Space is difficult to clean up and easily for secondary pollution source.Mercury vapour relatively air weighs about 6 times, is deposited on lower section more.Historical relic amalgam supposes: literary composition
Thing amalgam refers to that the quality historical relics such as gold, silver and bronze are converted into thing with hydrargyrum reacts.Net passes by visiting and can know, beginning imperial mausoleum centre
25 meters of depths mercury contents reach 650 times of other soil, find that whole mausoleum is all by 50 centimeters of thick water through the detection of expert's instrument
Silver surrounds, and has at least 100 tons of hydrargyrums.Mercury vapour has severe toxicity, it is impossible to ensure personal security.Amalgam process (hydrargyrum is commonly used in metallurgical industry
Other metal can be dissolved and form amalgam) extract the metal such as gold, silver and thallium.Hydrargyrum has dissolving to be permitted polymetallic ability, the gold constituted
Belonging to and be referred to as amalgam, amalgam (Amalgam) i.e. amalgam, the softest silver, for the alloy of hydrargyrum Yu other metal, most of Cheng Gu
State, if hydrargyrum composition is in a liquid state at most, major part metal is all dissolved in hydrargyrum, has ferrum exception only.Through many-side research, find to form hydrargyrum
Hydrargyrum after Qi is nontoxic.Underground palace Shen Zang underground, its content real conditions has no way of finding out about it, if really there being 50 centimeters of thick 100 ton
Hydrargyrum exists in which, for rivers, for sea, then except there is a large amount of liquid mercury on the ground of ground in utero simulation " hundred sea, river, Chuanjiang River "
Outward, underground palace space also can be full of high concentration mercury gas, can speculate that high hydrargyrum environment can for the result that metal quality historical relic affects
Can be subversive.Although underground palace environment adapted to through more than 2,000 years, the environment of historical relic and surrounding has reached balance, and historical relic reaches
Steady statue, this is general convention, but whether the chemistry of gold, silver and bronze quality historical relic, physical change stop still in high hydrargyrum environment
Continuing, stable, balance result under hydrargyrum environment of general convention are also unknown numbers.100 tons of hydrargyrums are full of underground palace for the world
Physics that upper largest underground palace building itself and built-in historical relic produce, chemical affect, parameter are unpredictable, consequence difficulty
Material, in the face of beginning imperial mausoleum magnanimity that may be present is all from treasure and the whole thing of Shang dynasty, the royal family produced close to 1200 uses
Tool, overall historical relic quantity is likely to be breached millions of, and only bronze ware one is it is possible to be that China's archaeology has excavated bronze ware quantity
Several times of summation, consequence dare not be guessed in high hydrargyrum environment by such magnanimity Cultural Relic Bureau.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of when there being a large amount of hydrargyrum in mound, historical relic is likely transformed into " historical relic amalgam " shape
Under state, by " condition of equivalent " it is assumed that implement set baby's curved surface dome technical scheme Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang curved surface the most on the ground that civil engineering combines with archaeology
Dome set is built on the underground palace curved surface dome of underground, cuts off mercury vapour and existing problem of engaging in archaeological studies above-mentioned stop Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang divides door
Other class, the archeological method of the particular problem concrete counte-rplan of design, this method is unrelated with Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang archaeological excavation.
" condition of equivalent " protection supposes:
1, remain to keep i.e. Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang front with treasure trove variation not behind primal environment variation residing for grave mound treasure trove or shift position
Start before archaeological excavation the conditions such as the residing lucifuge of primal environment, temperature, humidity, pressure, gas chemistries, equal, identical,
Close environmental balance condition, the treasure trove initial condition being changed protection keeps constant.
2, condition of equivalent protection Design: the building of design, construct, close the confined space container of covering, processing and fabricating
In the safeguard function being had should ensure that grave mound, treasure trove (behind original place or shift position) has and untouched native or former confined air
In lucifuge, temperature, humidity, pressure, equilibrium condition environment that gas chemistries condition is equal, identical, close, historical relic shape
State does not changes.
The technical scheme is that the archaeology correlation technique that under a kind of hydrargyrum environment, civil engineering combines with archaeology, its technology is wanted
Point and described method comprise the steps: 1) first to axis A pitching pile by digging holes artificially stake position, location and bilateral concrete waterproof ring
Shape wallboard carries out reinforced concrete construction, and form of construction work includes borehole, formwork, ties up muscle, pouring concrete；2) formed by wallboard between pile foundation
Lattice partition space, construction Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome is semi-spherical dome building, utilizes grave mound pile, in envelope during construction dome
Build template construction system on mound, utilize grave mound pile can reduce bearing height during construction dome, reduce difficulty of construction.At grave mound
Support system is added, structure dome concrete form on support system, thus Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome of constructing on heap；3) examine with field after completion
Ancient prescription method removes grave mound pile, connects between construction formation level, vertical elevator passage and formation various room, underground and each room
The circular passage connect, backfill soil compaction in layers formed annular gentle slope, build Po Ding circular passage, positive negative zero ground, gateway and
Negative 35 meters of slope bottom annular passages, after building the upper and lower circular passage of connection, build two-way pavement, escalator, are being available for
After vehicle, personnel's convenient turnover Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome passage, underground palace original position builds underground palace dome underground palace is closed, thoroughly cut off hydrargyrum
Metallic pollution spreads.Because there being a large amount of hydrargyrum metal in underground palace dome, two-door access control system should be set at gateway and block the expansion of underground palace mercury vapour
Dissipate and need to accomplish that dome inner space, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang atmospheric pressure is malleation relative to gas pressure in underground palace dome, hindering in anti-underground palace dome
Mercury vapour is to external diffusion.Underground palace dome horizontal direction access door should be escape truck, and because mercury vapour is heavier than air 6 times, archaeological work is led to
Sect is located at underground palace dome top and is entered underground palace for archaeology personnel by two-door access control system, and entering underground palace personnel must have protection, breathing
Equipment and low-light luminaire armarium and medical monitoring personnel should be had.Movable Cultural Relics enter associated room and process, repair
Answering, protect, show, Immovable Cultural Relics use original place protection method to process.The means of defence of Movable Cultural Relics is as follows: design system
Make and can open the pressure historical relic storage container (rustless steel, engineering plastics etc.) that can close, leave mercury vapour may go bad in order to preserve
The historical relic damaged, this container should be furnished with monitoring, increase and decrease pressure and sampling equipment can input and output in container as required
Condition of equivalent mercury vapour, noble gas or take out negative pressure, become oxygen-free environment, it is ensured that the most certainly need the keeping of condition, environment by historical relic,
Guarantee historical relic long-term safety.This storage container should have the protection such as protection against the tide, shockproof, mildew-resistant, constant temperature, constant humidity, form, low light illuminant to arrange
Execute.Two-door access control system is to set compressive sealed door at curved surface dome gateway, and ectonexine respectively sets together, the door of compressive sealed door
Sill use high threshold mode, and the using method of two-door access control system is: first closing inner layer door when entering underground palace dome, persons wear is good
After protective gear, equipment enter two spaces, closing outer layer door and be pressed into condition of equivalent gas by bottom pore, sky is got rid of on top
Gas is opened inner layer door after gas pressure, ingredient balance and is entered underground palace dome, reverse operating when going out underground palace dome.
It is an advantage of the invention that and implement set baby's curved surface dome technical scheme that civil engineering combines with archaeology, i.e. on the ground Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang curved surface
Dome set is built on the underground palace curved surface dome of underground, thus reaches to cut off the purpose of mercury vapour, and by stopping to engage in archaeological studies in Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang
Existing problem classifies, and finds out particular problem and conceives the archeological method of concrete counte-rplan.Span design is 580 meters
Dome basis, ball curved surface Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang major part overlaps with inner city foundation of wall, and away from underground palace center, without vibration Superfluid state concrete is basic
Not vibrations, preferably solve foundation construction and conflict with historical relic, and can avoid vibration that underground palace historical relic is produced impact.Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang on the ground
Dome absolute altitude 135.7 meters, its shape such as mound, very large the most grand, unique, the Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome after building up in situ recover or
Height before more than thousand, more meets the first under heaven mound identity, ground landscape can be made more to coordinate.Maximum the most grand in the world
Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome building because of have go up in large quantities, room, underground and space, can as storing keeping, equipment, archaeology personnel live, work
Work, cultural relic exhibition room, itself can be used as museum, it is not necessary to separately builds expense.On the ground Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome design ± 0.000 ground with
Underground palace dome indoor terrace drop 35 meters, level interval about 70 meters, formed slope by backfill and in slope, had level, vertically lead to
Road, slope be provided with vehicle come in and go out spiral ramp, pedestrian ramp and escalator ramp can solve underground palace deeply can up and down, material
The problems such as transport, personnel's visit, escape way.Between the basement being provided with in slope and stake, wallboard partition space meter can be formed and surpass thousand
Between closed room, (part room is filled with underground palace condition of equivalent gas) can meet historical relic original place condition of equivalent archaeology repair, keeping
The requirements such as storage.Multiple waterproofing design thoroughly every firmly subsoil water, and can protect empirical condition by historical relic in not having high hydrargyrum environment
Under, use condition of equivalent design, condition of equivalent protection historical relic that hydrargyrum evil can be avoided to guarantee unearthed relics safety simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome general arrangement plan；
Fig. 2 is Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, ground dome plane graph；
Fig. 3 is the A-A profile of Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is condition of equivalent historical relic storage container.
Reference is as follows: 1, storage cellar, inspection, equipment room 2, negative 35 meters of circular passages 3, backfill soil annular
Gentle slope 4, two-way pavement, escalator 5, underground palace dome 6, on the ground, below ground room 7, indoor ±
0.000 Po Ding circular passage 8, connection 2 and 7 arc ramps 9, the waterproof annular wall plate of bilateral concrete 10, level are passed through and hang down
Straight lifting passage 11, pitching pile by digging holes artificially basis 12, annular interface channel 13, gateway 14, ring beam
15, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome.
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, on the ground Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome set is built on underground palace dome, 1,2,3 basis, place major parts and cities, inner city
Body of wall overlaps, and would not have historical relic, convenient construction in the city wall ground of inner city.The pitching pile by digging holes artificially that the present invention uses is
Away from the ring foundation at the 290m of underground palace center, disturbance about more than the 10 wide scope of rice, i.e. diameter 580m(circle ring center calculate) wide by 10
The annulus of remaining rice.Away from historical relic core space (underground palace), disturb little, it is most important that can construct, combination of engaging in archaeological studies, carry out simultaneously,
Can accomplish to construct in archaeology limit, limit, find that archaeology of cultural relic personnel get involved, historical relic is processed by personnel's excavation of engaging in archaeological studies, without constructing during historical relic
Being normally carried out, assembling reinforcement in construction, perfusion without vibration Superfluid state concrete the most do not shake noise, will not the most hereafter
The inner city ground of the raw impact of produce the compacting of multilamellar fine earth can bear stake under xial feed for dome basis, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, ground
Stress performance be obviously improved.
Have Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome preliminary works design drawing, calculated description, description, rough estimate etc. on span 580 meter at present to set
Meter file.This architectural design is cast-in-situ steel reinforced concrete chamber wall panel structure surface of revolution spherical shell structure, and facade is reinforced concrete
Soil tube structure, basis is pitching pile by digging holes artificially, design life: 300 years, safe class: one-level.Concrete ring
Border classification: three classes, strength grade of concrete: C120, Steel Bar Tensile Strength standard value 340N/mm2, outer-ring beam pulling force Nka=
1342343KN, joins 1,919 III grade Ф 50 regular reinforcement, curved shell plate two-layer two-way reinforcement.Seismic fortification intensity: by locality.
Span: diameter 580m(drafts), rise f=580/5=116m(belong to shallow-spherical shell), radius of curvature r=420.5m, construction area sj
=265667.65, be enough to hold ten heavy aircraft carriers, spherical shell concrete volume vj=in its construction area plane
574929.89 m3 press mean camber and calculate without foundation beam, its curved surface dome design rise f=580/5=116m, mean camber mark
Former high 50 zhang, the dome absolute altitude 135.7 meters in First Emperor, Emperor Chin mound when height approximates the Qin, its shape such as mound, very large incomparably, unique, former
Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome after position is built up recovers or more than thousand the most highly, more meets the first under heaven mound identity, can make the ground of magnificence
View is more coordinated.Vaulted work cost estimate on the ground is 43.6 hundred million yuan, removes expense without grave mound pile.Above-mentioned architectural design ±
0.000 ground and underground palace dome indoor terrace drop 35 meters, level interval about 70 meters, formed slope by backfill and had in slope
Level, vertical channel, slope is provided with vehicle and comes in and goes out and spiral that can to solve underground palace deep for ramp, pedestrian ramp and escalator ramp
Energy problem up and down, is shown in profile.Between the basement being provided with in slope and stake, wallboard partition space meter can be formed and surpass airtight room between thousand
Between, (part room is filled with underground palace condition of equivalent gas) can meet the requirements such as historical relic original place condition of equivalent archaeology, keeping, storage.
This building is made up of curved surface dome, reinforced concrete circular double barrel wall, pitching pile by digging holes artificially basis, exceedes the underground depth of water
The annular waterproof armored concrete barrel of degree and hundreds of millimeter of wall thickness can effectively block subsoil water.Water-proof concrete barrel is pasted anti-
Water material, through Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang Water table, and sets deflector in subsoil water upstream, it can be ensured that invade and harass without flood in the dome of Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang.
" set baby " archaeology scheme (see plane graph) of the technical program conception is by Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, ground dome and underground underground palace dome
Building two parts composition such as " set baby ".It is to remove existing for Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang grave mound pile by Agrocybe praecox method to be replaced as reinforcing bar and mix during enforcement
Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, the ground dome of Xtah Crude Clay structure, its grand body set is built on the underground palace dome of underground, airtight and outer in forming underground palace dome
Open two spaces meet specified conditions archaeology requirement.This " set baby " conceptual design, one, the required building of early stage archaeology can be provided anti-
Protect booth, two, can provide archaeology close to the protection hall of required airtight hydrargyrum body during underground palace height hydrargyrum environment, three, the later stage can be provided to make
Place and various room is protected for Cultural relics in museum storage and hydrargyrum environment historical relic.The curved surface vault of set baby's scheme above and below ground building
Roof construction is identical, different across footpath.The only historical relic generation amalgam reaction in underground palace of Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, underground underground palace dome, because examining without relevant at present
Ancient experience, amalgam historical relic can only be built in the case of the most forever taking care of, and can completely enclose underground palace and its inside of mercury vapour and underground palace phase
Logical, its span adapts to underground palace scale.So far archeologist can conveniently pass in and out underground palace, expert solve the gold that can react with mercury vapour
If genus historical relic becomes, " historical relic amalgam " is the most resilient waits archaeology problem.Underground underground palace curved surface dome is provided with close
Closing emergency function passway (two-door taboo), mercury vapour relatively air weighs about six times, the most in case of emergency uses, and its gateway, top sets
Two-door access control system, forms negative relative confined space, it is necessary to assure mercury vapour does not leaks, it is ensured that historical relic and personnel pass in and out safety.Existing
Water the fabulous air-tightness of curved surface concrete dome for closing mercury gas, for toxic gas indiffusion, it is to avoid the diffusion of 100 tons of mercury gas
Irreversible, the hardly imaginable consequence produced plays decisive role and ferrum is insoluble in the metal of hydrargyrum, will not be to underground palace
Joining reinforcing bar in dome and produce impact, even if worst case occurs, mercury gas diffusion also can be limited in inside curved surface dome, Bu Huikuo
Being scattered in air, the state of affairs is controlled.This underground underground palace dome design-build can make the temperature of primal environment residing for underground palace treasure trove, wet
Degree, pressure, lucifuge, chemical composition condition equivalent is constant and can thoroughly close mercury vapour, it is ensured that mercury vapour does not leaks, it is simple to excavate or
Permanent protection.
Construction requirement of the present invention is that earthwork construction to reserve strong mercury pollution soil landfill district, loads special by underground palace mercury pollution soil
Plastic packaging bag enters to fill that pond is the most airtight seals up for safekeeping.Construction monitoring reaches this region of 0.04 to 3 milligram hour to construction space mercury vapor content
It is strong mercury seal closed zone, should close, to avoid contamination in this region.Enter underground palace dome and just need to wear protective garment, faint
Band respirator and preventer under light, engage in archaeological studies or construct, and joins health care professional, equipment and room.
Operation principle of the present invention is as follows: as Fig. 1 Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome is designed as armored concrete chamber wall cricket shell dome space
Structure, this structure reactance system has rigidity, globality, good stability, and shock resistance is strong and has fabulous air-tightness, durable
Property.With underground palace center as the center of circle during dome construction of Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, 290 meters are marked Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome cylindrical pile foundation circular orientation axis for radius
A(is shown in Fig. 3), determine the stake position on Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome 15 pitching pile by digging holes artificially basis, organizing construction's manually digging hole base expanding and base expanding perfusion
Stake 11, the waterproof annular wall plate of bilateral concrete 9.Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome design span 580m, position as shown in Figure 1 then the east of Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome, north,
West on the basis of pile foundation major part should be seated in inner city city wall (1,3 with the center line of two inner city city wall spacings 580m
Place overlaps, and 2 overlap with interior north of the city city wall center line), typically should there is not historical relic in the basis of inner city city wall, it is possible to reduce basis is executed
Work and underground historical relic collision chance.Fig. 3 sees in organizing construction 11,9, runs into archaeology of cultural relic personnel and gets involved, without continuing construction during historical relic,
Wherein 9 is the waterproof annular wall plate of bilateral concrete, and manually digging hole in construction, assembling reinforcement, perfusion without vibration Superfluid state concrete are basic
Do not shake noise, will not the most hereafter raw impact of produce.9 construction depths should exceed 10 meters, underground lowest water level line (water layer),
Guarantee to cut off subsoil water, and set deflector in upstream, draw subsoil water and walk around basis, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang, then underground waterproof measure in Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang can increase again
Add and set up defences together.Construction process: first to axis A pitching pile by digging holes artificially stake position 11, location and the waterproof annular wall plate of bilateral concrete
9 carry out reinforced concrete construction, and form of construction work includes borehole, formwork, ties up muscle, pouring concrete, is then formed by pile foundation segmentation wallboard
Construction ring beam 6 and construction Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome 14.Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang rise of vault f=580/5=116m(belongs to shallow-spherical shell) it is huge hemispherical vault
Pushing up building, utilize grave mound pile about 76m height now during construction dome, on grave mound pile, formwork supporting plate can greatly reduce support system height
Degree, reduces construction costs, reduces difficulty of construction.Grave mound pile adds support system, construction Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome 15, after completion, uses field
Archeological method removes grave mound pile, construction 10 formation level, vertical elevator passage, construction 1 formation various room, underground 6 and each room
Connecting circular passage 12 between, backfill soil compaction in layers forms annular gentle slope 3, and (gentle slope angle is rubbed in should be less than backfilling soil soil
Wipe angle) build Po Ding circular passage, positive negative zero ground 7, gateway 13 and negative 35 meters of slope bottom annular passages 2 and see Fig. 2, build connection
Up and down behind circular passage 8, build two-way pavement 4, escalator.It is being available for vehicle, personnel's convenient turnover Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome
After passage, underground palace original position builds underground palace dome 5 underground palace is closed, thoroughly cut off the diffusion of hydrargyrum metallic pollution.Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome with
Underground palace dome structure is identical, span is different, similar set baby.Because there being a large amount of hydrargyrum metal in underground palace dome 5, at gateway, set two-door taboo
The diffusion of system blocking underground palace mercury vapour also need to accomplish that 15 dome inner space, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang atmospheric pressures are relative to gas pressure in underground palace dome 5
For malleation, in hindering anti-underground palace dome, mercury vapour is to external diffusion.Underground palace dome horizontal direction access door is only used as escape truck, the most not
Open.Because mercury vapour is heavier than air 6 times, archaeological work access door is located at underground palace dome top, for archaeology personnel by two-door access control system
Entering underground palace, entering underground palace is world-shaking event, and entering underground palace personnel must have protection, breathe equipment and low-light luminaire
And armarium and medical monitoring personnel should be had.Historical relic amalgam: the beginning historical relic formed in beginning imperial mausoleum is restored by the personnel that engage in archaeological studies, prevented
Protect process, the thing of how many years after also not knowing to be.
The means of defence of Movable Cultural Relics: see that Fig. 4 manufactures and designs different size specification and can open the pressure historical relic that can close
Storage container (rustless steel, engineering plastics etc.), in order to preserve leave mercury vapour may go bad damage historical relic.This container should be furnished with prison
Control, increase and decrease pressure and sampling equipment and can input and output condition of equivalent mercury vapour in container as required, noble gas or take out
Negative pressure, becomes oxygen-free environment, it is ensured that the most certainly need conditions environmental keeping by historical relic, it is ensured that historical relic long-term safety.This storage is held
Device should have the safeguard procedures such as protection against the tide, shockproof, mildew-resistant, constant temperature, constant humidity, form, low light illuminant, for all kinds of historical relics of differing texture
Protect respectively, antirust such as copper ironware, the efflorescence prevention of masonry quality historical relic, the mildew-resistant of silk paper, anti-moth, anti-aging
Deng.Storage cellar reparation, keeping, displaying is entered after historical relic storage storage historical relic.
It is each together that two-door access control system refers to set compressive sealed door ectonexine at curved surface dome gateway, and two spaces meet
Equipment, personnel, historical relic requirement.Mercury vapour relatively air weighs about 6 times, if high threshold stops that mercury vapour arbitrarily flows.When entering underground palace dome
First close inner layer door, after personnel's (wear protective gear), equipment enter two spaces, close outer layer door and be pressed into by bottom pore
Condition of equivalent gas, top is got rid of air and is opened inner layer door entrance underground palace dome after gas pressure, ingredient balance, goes out underground palace vault
Reverse operating during top.
Claims (4)
1. the archaeology correlation technique that under a hydrargyrum environment, civil engineering combines with archaeology, it is characterised in that: described method includes walking as follows
Rapid:
Step 1): first axis A pitching pile by digging holes artificially stake position, location and the waterproof annular wall plate of bilateral concrete are carried out reinforcing bar and mix
Solidifying soil construction, form of construction work includes borehole, formwork, ties up muscle, pouring concrete；
Step 2): being formed lattice space by pile foundation segmentation wallboard, ring beam of constructing, construction Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome, Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome is hemispherical
Dome is built, and utilizes grave mound pile during construction dome, builds template construction system on grave mound pile, adds dome on grave mound pile supports
Concrete form, thus Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome of constructing；
Step 3): remove grave mound pile, construction formation level, vertical elevator passage and formation by Agrocybe praecox method after completion
The circular passage connected between various room, underground and each room, backfill soil compaction in layers forms annular gentle slope, builds positive negative zero
Po Ding circular passage, ground, gateway and negative 35 meters of slope bottom annular passages, after building the upper and lower circular passage of connection, build two-way
Pavement, escalator, after being available for vehicle, personnel's convenient turnover Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang dome passage, build ground in underground palace original position
Underground palace is closed by palace dome, thoroughly cuts off the diffusion of hydrargyrum metallic pollution.
The archaeology correlation technique that under a kind of hydrargyrum environment the most according to claim 1, civil engineering combines with archaeology, it is characterised in that:
Because there being a large amount of hydrargyrum metal in underground palace dome, two-door access control system should be set at gateway and block the diffusion of underground palace mercury vapour and Tumulus of Qin Shi Huang need to be accomplished
Dome inner space atmospheric pressure is malleation relative to gas pressure in underground palace dome, and in hindering anti-underground palace dome, mercury vapour is to external diffusion,
Underground palace dome horizontal direction access door should be escape truck, and because mercury vapour is heavier than air six times, archaeological work access door is located at underground palace
Dome top is entered underground palace for archaeology personnel by two-door access control system, and entering underground palace personnel must have protection, breathing equipment and low-light to shine
Bright equipment also should have armarium and medical monitoring personnel, and Movable Cultural Relics enter associated room to be processed, repair, protects, shows,
" historical relic amalgam " and Immovable Cultural Relics use original place protection method to process when not having reliable protection means.
The archaeology correlation technique that under a kind of hydrargyrum environment the most according to claim 2, civil engineering combines with archaeology, it is characterised in that:
The means of defence of Movable Cultural Relics is as follows: manufactures and designs and can open pressure historical relic storage container (rustless steel, the engineering plastic that can close
Material etc.), leave mercury vapour may go bad the historical relic damaged in order to preserve, this container is furnished with monitoring, increases and decreases pressure and sampling equipment also
Can input and output condition of equivalent mercury vapour, noble gas or take out negative pressure in container as required, become oxygen-free environment, it is ensured that by literary composition
Thing needs conditions environmental keeping the most certainly, it is ensured that historical relic long-term safety, this storage container have protection against the tide, shockproof, mildew-resistant, constant temperature,
The safeguard procedures such as constant humidity, form, low light illuminant.
The archaeology correlation technique that under a kind of hydrargyrum environment the most according to claim 2, civil engineering combines with archaeology, it is characterised in that:
Two-door access control system is to set compressive sealed door at curved surface dome gateway, and ectonexine respectively sets together, the threshold of compressive sealed door
Using high threshold mode, the using method of two-door access control system is: first closing inner layer door when entering underground palace dome, persons wear prevents well
After protecting equipment, two spaces of equipment entrance, closing outer layer door and be also pressed into condition of equivalent gas by bottom pore, air is got rid of on top
After gas pressure, ingredient balance, open inner layer door enter underground palace dome, reverse operating when going out underground palace dome.
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| CN110947195A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-03 | 无锡市志成生化工程装备有限公司 | Multi-jacket evaporator |
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