CN106003911A - 铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106003911A
CN106003911A CN201610317708.9A CN201610317708A CN106003911A CN 106003911 A CN106003911 A CN 106003911A CN 201610317708 A CN201610317708 A CN 201610317708A CN 106003911 A CN106003911 A CN 106003911A
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carbon fiber
graphene
fiber film
aluminium alloy
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赵大伟
成文俊
周春华
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Jiangsu Yueda Novel Material Science And Technology Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种适用于冰箱用的铝合金/石墨烯‑碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法。该复合速冻板为三层结构，由上下两层铝合金、中间夹石墨烯‑碳纤维薄膜三层复合而成。先采用鳞片石墨和加碳纤维制成氧化石墨烯‑碳纤维薄膜，经高温碳化、石墨化后制成石墨烯‑碳纤维薄膜；再在石墨烯‑碳纤维薄膜的两侧分别通过石墨高导热双面胶带贴附铝合金，最后复合压制成型。本发明具有高冻结速率，实现了快速均匀冷冻食物的效果，并且制备工艺简易、成本低，便于推广，适于工业化生产。

Description

铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种与冰箱配合使用的高导热材料，特别是一种冰箱用的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法。
背景技术
冰箱作为食物保鲜的家用电器，已被广泛普及，随着生活水平的提高，速冻保鲜成了一种最大限度保持食品原有色、香、味及其外观、鲜度和营养价值的食品保鲜方法。冰箱内饰材料一般为玻璃、塑料等不良热导体，热交换性能差，食物在进行冷冻的过程中，主要依靠空气传递压缩机的冷量进行热交换，冷冻时间长，速冻保鲜效果差，且制冷设备能耗大，成本高。且食物在冰箱中冷冻的时间越长，越会导致食物表面细胞破坏以及营养的流失。
而在食品解冻方面，更是家庭的一大难题。传统的解冻方法一般为室温自然解冻、泡水解冻和微波炉解冻三种方法。室温自然解冻法，需要等好几个小时才能完成，长时间暴露在空气中的肉类、鲜鱼容易滋生1倍的细菌，5小时就能繁殖100万，卫生和健康大打折扣；泡水解冻法，等待时间也较长，且肉类的血丝与冰水相混，降低了肉的松软度和新鲜度；微波炉解冻法，虽然迅速，但时间难以掌控，易造成外熟内硬，破坏食物的口感和营养成份。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术难题是，克服现有冰箱中食物冷冻或解冻时间过长的技术难题，提供一种具有超高热传导性能的、冰箱用的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法。将其超导板置放于冰箱冷冻室内，可使置于上面的食物快速冷冻，大大缩短了食物的冷冻时间；放于常温下，可对冰箱里拿出来的冷冻食品进行快速解冻，方便实用。
本发明的技术解决方案是，由上下铝合金层、中间石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜层复合而成；其制备方法为，先采用鳞片石墨为原料，经Hummer法制备出氧化石墨烯溶液，再添加碳纤维并在固液分散设备中进行混合均匀，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，经高温碳化、石墨化后制备成石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；然后在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧分别贴附石墨高导热双面胶带，并在两侧的石墨高导热双面胶带上分别贴附铝合金，最后进行复合压制成型。
所述鳞片石墨的粒径为100~500目，所述碳纤维为6~20mm的短切碳纤维。
所述固液分散设备为FLUKO-MS1或FLUKO-MS2高剪切分散机。
所述碳化的温度为900-1400℃，碳化的时间为4-12h；石墨化的温度为2000-2300℃，石墨化时间为5-10h。
所述石墨高导热双面胶带为表面覆有石墨颗粒的双面胶带，其石墨颗粒的直径范围为3~6微米。
所述上下两层铝合金，其上层铝合金为7075或7A09铝合金，厚度为4-6mm；下层铝合金为5A02或5A06铝合金，厚度为1-3mm。
具体工艺步骤如下：
1）在反应釜中加入粒径为100~500目的鳞片石墨，在冰水浴条件下加入浓度为17~19mol/L强质子酸，温度控制在20~30℃后加入强氧化剂氧化，最后经3-6h超声剥离制得氧化石墨烯溶液；
2）在氧化石墨烯溶液中添加长度为6~20mm的短切碳纤维并在固液分散设备中以2000~3000rpm进行混合均匀后，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，烘干备用；
3）氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜经过4~12h、900~1400℃碳化和5~10h、2000~2300℃石墨化后，制得石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；
4）在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜两侧贴附石墨高导热双面胶带后，将铝合金分别贴于石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧，最后复合压制成型。
本发明与现有技术相比所具备的优点是，本发明提供的石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜将一维碳纤维作为结构增强体，把二维石墨烯作为导热功能单元，通过自组装技术，构建结构/功能一体化的C/C复合薄膜，这种全新薄膜具有类似于钢筋混凝土的多级结构，其厚度可控，室温面向热导率高达1200 W/m•K，与金属铝合金板复合后可以得到极高的导热和导冷性能，冷量可以迅速的通过这种速冻板传递到食物，并可短时间内均衡冰箱内温度。
具体实施方式
实施例1
先在反应釜中加入粒径为100目的鳞片石墨，在冰水浴条件下加入浓度为17mol/L强质子酸，温度控制在20℃后加入强氧化剂氧化，经3h超声剥离制得氧化石墨烯溶液；在氧化石墨烯溶液中添加长度为6mm的短切碳纤维，并在固液分散设备中以2000rpm进行混合均匀后，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，烘干备用；然后将氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜经过4h、900℃碳化及5h、2000℃石墨化后，制得石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；再在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧贴附石墨颗粒直径为3微米的石墨高导热双面胶带，再将厚度为4mm的7075铝合金与厚度1mm的5A02铝合金分别做为上下层，贴附在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧，最后进行复合压制成型。
实施例2
先在反应釜中加入粒径为300目的鳞片石墨，在冰水浴条件下加入浓度为18mol/L强质子酸，温度控制在25℃后加入强氧化剂氧化，经4h超声剥离制得氧化石墨烯溶液；在氧化石墨烯溶液中添加长度为10mm的短切碳纤维，并在固液分散设备中以2500rpm进行混合均匀后，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，烘干备用；然后将氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜经过8h、1200℃碳化及7h、2100℃石墨化后，制得石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；再在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧贴附石墨颗粒直径为5微米的石墨高导热双面胶带，再将厚度为5mm的7075铝合金与厚度为2mm的5A06铝合金做为上下层，贴附在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧，最后进行复合压制成型。
实施例3
先在反应釜中加入粒径为500目的鳞片石墨，在冰水浴条件下加入浓度为19mol/L强质子酸，温度控制在30℃后加入强氧化剂氧化，经6h超声剥离制得氧化石墨烯溶液；在氧化石墨烯溶液中添加长度为20mm的短切碳纤维，并在固液分散设备中以3000rpm进行混合均匀后，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，烘干备用；然后将氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜经过12h、1400℃碳化及10h、2300℃石墨化后，制得石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；再在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜两侧贴附石墨颗粒直径为6微米的石墨高导热双面胶带后，将厚度为6mm的7A09铝合金与厚度为3mm的5A06铝合金做为上下层，贴附在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧，最后进行复合压制成型。

Claims (7)

1.铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：由上下铝合金层、中间夹石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜层复合而成；其制备方法为，先采用鳞片石墨为原料，经Hummer法制备出氧化石墨烯溶液，再添加碳纤维并在固液分散设备中进行混合均匀，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，经高温碳化、石墨化后制备成石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；然后在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧分别贴附石墨高导热双面胶带，并在两侧的石墨高导热双面胶带上分别贴附铝合金，最后进行复合压制成型。
2.如权利要求1所述的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述鳞片石墨的粒径为100~500目，所述碳纤维为6~20mm的短切碳纤维。
3.如权利要求1所述的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述固液分散设备为FLUKO-MS1或FLUKO-MS2高剪切分散机。
4.如权利要求1所述的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述碳化的温度为900-1400℃，碳化的时间为4-12h；石墨化的温度为2000-2300℃，石墨化时间为5-10h。
5.如权利要求1所述的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述石墨高导热双面胶带为表面覆有石墨颗粒的双面胶带，其石墨颗粒的直径范围为3~6微米。
6.如权利要求1所述的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：所述上下两层铝合金，其上层铝合金为7075或7A09铝合金，厚度为4-6mm；下层铝合金为5A02或5A06铝合金，厚度为1-3mm。
7.如权利要求1所述的铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法，其特征在于：具体工艺步骤如下：
1）在反应釜中加入粒径为100~500目的鳞片石墨，在冰水浴条件下加入浓度为17~19mol/L强质子酸，温度控制在20~30℃后加入强氧化剂氧化，最后经3-6h超声剥离制得氧化石墨烯溶液；
在氧化石墨烯溶液中添加长度为6~20mm的短切碳纤维并在固液分散设备中以2000~3000rpm进行混合均匀后，抽滤形成氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜，烘干备用；
氧化石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜经过4~12h、900~1400℃碳化和5~10h、2000~2300℃石墨化后，制得石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜；
在石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜两侧贴附石墨高导热双面胶带后，将铝合金分别贴于石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜的两侧，最后复合压制成型。
CN201610317708.9A 2016-05-16 2016-05-16 铝合金/石墨烯-碳纤维薄膜复合速冻板及其制备方法 Pending CN106003911A (zh)

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