CN106000294B - A kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106000294B CN106000294B CN201610515772.8A CN201610515772A CN106000294B CN 106000294 B CN106000294 B CN 106000294B CN 201610515772 A CN201610515772 A CN 201610515772A CN 106000294 B CN106000294 B CN 106000294B
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- bentonite
- shrinkage
- natural montmorillonite
- silicon oxide
- nano silicon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
- B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite, in the natural montmorillonite of moisture content 10 ~ 20%, is mixed with the nano silicon oxide of 100:3 ~ 100:10 in mass ratio.Moisture is uniformly distributed in natural montmorillonite.The average grain diameter of nano silicon oxide is 10 ~ 20nm.Preparation method the following steps are included: one, natural montmorillonite soil sample air-dry is sieved；Two, suitable water is added in natural montmorillonite, is configured to target moisture content；Three, configured natural montmorillonite sealed maintenance 8h or more；Four, natural montmorillonite is uniformly mixed with nano silicon oxide by the mass ratio of setting；High expansion low-shrinkage bentonite is obtained by above step.After testing, nano silicon oxide can fill bentonite internal void, increase the volume of the Montmorillonite Crystal in bentonite, make to be compacted bentonitic expansion potentiality increase.It when being compacted bentonite dehydration, will not occur significantly to shrink, ensure that antiseepage function of the compacting bentonite in environment and hydraulic engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bentonite preparation field, especially a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite and preparation side
Method.
Background technique
The bentonite resource in China is extremely abundant, is widely used in the fields such as chemical industry, medicine, environment and hydraulic engineering.?
Mainly prevent blending absorption feature using bentonitic in environment and hydraulic engineering, prevents the leakage or migration of moisture and pollutant.
Existing research shows that compacting bentonite is after water suction saturation, dilatancy is not further added by, and the compacting bentonite being saturated is in dehydration
After can shrink cracking, the above characteristic can reduce the bentonitic antiseepage barrier function of compacting.It can therefore, it is necessary to invent one kind
Improve bentonite inflated potentiality, and the method that bentonite dehydration shrinkage can be reduced, i.e., with high expansion rate low-shrink characteristics
Bentonite.
In the prior art, mainly regulate and control the bentonitic shrinkage of compacting by three kinds of modes: 1, adding lime modified；2, add
Add modified cement；3, addition polymeric consolidator is modified.The above method can effectively inhibit compacting swelling to a certain extent
The swell-shrink characteristic of soil, but these three modification modes also inhibit expansion rate while inhibiting shrinking percentage, to be unfavorable for swelling
" self-healing performance " of soil plays, that is, affects seepage capability of the bentonite in environment and hydraulic engineering.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite and preparation methods, can
While inhibiting bentonite shrinking percentage, retain bentonitic expansion potentiality, has in environment and hydraulic engineering good anti-
Blend adsorption effect.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite,
In the natural montmorillonite of moisture content 10 ~ 20%, it is mixed with the nano silicon oxide of 100:3 ~ 100:10 in mass ratio.
In preferred scheme, moisture is uniformly distributed in natural montmorillonite.
In preferred scheme, moisture content is 17.3 ~ 18%.
In preferred scheme, the mass ratio of natural montmorillonite and nano silicon oxide is 100:4 ~ 100:8.
In further preferred scheme, the mass ratio of natural montmorillonite and nano silicon oxide is 100:6.
In preferred scheme, the average grain diameter of nano silicon oxide is 10 ~ 20nm.
In preferred scheme, the average grain diameter of nano silicon oxide is 15nm.
A kind of above-mentioned high expansion low-shrinkage preparation method for bentonite, comprising the following steps:
One, natural montmorillonite soil sample air-dry is sieved；
Two, suitable water is added in natural montmorillonite, is configured to target moisture content, moisture content is 10 ~ 20%；
Three, configured natural montmorillonite sealed maintenance 8h or more, so that moisture is uniformly distributed in natural montmorillonite；
Four, natural montmorillonite is uniformly mixed with nano silicon oxide by the mass ratio of setting；
Nano silicon oxide fills bentonite internal void；
High expansion low-shrinkage bentonite is obtained by above step.
The aperture of sieve is 2mm.
It is 1.4 ± 0.3g/cm that the compacting of mixed bentonite, which is prepared into dry density, using sample-pressing device and jack3Block
Shape.
A kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite provided by the invention and preparation method, the swelling native produce of acquisition with it is existing
Technology is compared and is had the following advantages:
1, improve that be compacted bentonite inflated property effect good: the present invention by adding nano silicon oxide in compacting bentonite,
The dispersibility of nano silicon oxide is utilized, after testing, nano silicon oxide can fill bentonite internal void, increase bentonite
The volume of interior Montmorillonite Crystal makes to be compacted bentonitic expansion potentiality increase.
2, improve compacting bentonite mechanical strength: some extremely tiny holes can be by nano silicon oxide inside compacting bentonite
It is particles filled, the bentonitic density of compacting is improved, and then improve and be compacted bentonitic compression strength.
3, maintain the bentonitic chemical stability of compacting: nano silicon oxide is the influence of physical action to bentonite,
Can't with bentonite and its inside moisture chemically react, ensure that bentonitic chemical stability, also ensure it is resistance to
Time property and corrosion resistance.
4, inhibit to be compacted bentonitic contraction: due to filling effect of the nano silicon oxide in compacting bentonite, making to be compacted
It when bentonite dehydration, will not occur significantly to shrink, ensure that antiseepage function of the compacting bentonite in environment and hydraulic engineering.
5 is environmentally protective: the method for the present invention is environmentally protective, and the nano silicon oxide of addition will not pollute soil body environment.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples:
Fig. 1 is the bentonitic pore volume summation curve for being not added with nano silicon oxide.
Fig. 2 is the bentonitic pore volume distribution curve for being not added with nano silicon oxide.
Fig. 3 is that the pore volume summation curve after nano silicon oxide is added in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is pore volume distribution curve when adding nano silicon oxide in the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the expansion-contraction process feature point that bentonite limits under exaggerated conditions in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the expansion-contraction process feature point in the present invention under the conditions of bentonite free wxpansion.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite, in the natural montmorillonite of moisture content 10 ~ 20%, mixing is in mass ratio
The nano silicon oxide of 100:3 ~ 10.
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
One, natural montmorillonite soil sample air-dry is sieved；The partial size of natural montmorillonite is less than 2mm；
Two, suitable water is added in natural montmorillonite, is configured to target moisture content；
Three, configured natural montmorillonite sealed maintenance 8h or more；In preferred scheme, by configured natural montmorillonite
It is placed in polybag, sealed maintenance 12h, so that moisture is uniformly distributed in natural montmorillonite.
Four, natural montmorillonite is uniformly mixed with nano silicon oxide by the mass ratio of setting；
High expansion low-shrinkage bentonite is obtained by above step.
The aperture preferably sieved is 2mm.
In preferred scheme, moisture content is 17.3 ~ 18%.
In preferred scheme, the mass ratio of natural montmorillonite and nano silicon oxide is 100:4 ~ 100:8.
In further preferred scheme, the mass ratio of natural montmorillonite and nano silicon oxide is 100:6.
In preferred scheme, the average grain diameter of nano silicon oxide is 10 ~ 20nm.
In further preferred scheme, the average grain diameter of nano silicon oxide is 15nm.
It is 1.4 ± 0.3g/cm that the compacting of mixed bentonite, which is prepared into dry density, using sample-pressing device and jack3Block
Shape.Using with a thickness of 5mm in this example, diameter is the round pie sample of 61.8mm.
Embodiment 2:
Limit expansion-contraction test: test apparatus includes saturator, vacuumize instrument, retractometer, dial gauge and filter paper and
Permeable stone.The bentonite compacting sample in embodiment 1 is vacuumized into saturation ten days or so first, after sample soaks saturation completely
Sample is taken out, soil sample is released with bulldozing device, is placed on porous plate, claims the quality of sample and porous plate, weighing accuracy to 0.1g.
Then dial gauge is installed, the gauge outfit of dial gauge contacts specimen surface, makes table that table be divided to keep a degree of precompressed, write down initial read
Number.Shrinkage test is carried out under the conditions of room temperature is not higher than 30 DEG C, according to specimen temperature and contraction speed, every 4 hour records hundred
Divide meter reading, and weigh package unit and sample mass, accurately to 0.1g.Through excessive day air shrinkage, scale score meter reading is surveyed
Constant, end shrinkage test is stablized in holding.
According to test result, see in Fig. 5, it is available in the case where limiting exaggerated conditions, do not add the pressure of nano silicon oxide
Body variability is -2.2% after real bentonite contraction is stablized, and volume of sample is more small in size than original state after contraction, illustrates that sample is sent out
Biggish contraction is given birth to；And the compacting bentonite of nano silicon oxide is added to according to the ratio in embodiment 1, stablize shrinking
Afterwards, body variability is 3.9%, and volume of sample is bigger than original state volume after contraction, illustrates that the contraction of sample is smaller.Sample constraint is unloaded
After falling, pure bentonitic resilience amount 18.8%, and add resilience amount 25.6% after nano silicon oxide.Such as institute in Fig. 2,4
Show, distribution of pores statistics indicate that, nano silicon oxide plays packing action to the hole in the μ m of 0.1 μm -10 of sample aperture.It can
See, nano silicon oxide has the function of bentonite swell-shrink characteristic.Product of the invention is particularly suitable for environment and hydraulic engineering
In.
Embodiment 3:
Free wxpansion-shrinkage test: test apparatus includes dilatometer, retractometer, dial gauge and filter paper and permeable stone.It is swollen
Swollen instrument is mainly used for the free wxpansion of sample.Bentonite compacting cutting ring sample is fixed in dilatometer, a perseverance is kept on sample
It carries, if sample top does not have load, sample expands rear surface can be uneven, is unfavorable for the development of follow-up test.I.e. load makes
Surface after sample expansion keeps smooth.Then bentonite compacting cutting ring sample immersion saturation ten days or so, with limitation expansion
Shrinkage test process carries out shrinkage test.
From Fig. 6, it can be deduced that under the conditions of free wxpansion, significant expansion, pure swelling occurs after compacting bentonite immersion
The expansion rate of soil is 148%, and after adding 6% nano silicon oxide, expansion rate is even as high as 187%.As it can be seen that addition is received
Rice silica can increase bentonitic potential for gas expansion.As shown in Fig. 2,4, distribution of pores statistics indicate that, nano silicon oxide pair
Hole in the μ m of 0.1 μm -10 of sample aperture plays packing action.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as limitation of the invention, this Shen
Please in embodiment and embodiment in feature in the absence of conflict, can mutual any combination.Protection model of the invention
The technical solution that should be recorded with claim is enclosed, the equivalent replacement side of technical characteristic in the technical solution recorded including claim
Case is protection scope.Equivalent replacement i.e. within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite, it is characterized in that: in the natural montmorillonite of moisture content 10 ~ 20%, be mixed with by
The nano silicon oxide of mass ratio 100:3 ~ 100:10；
Moisture is uniformly distributed in natural montmorillonite；
The average grain diameter of nano silicon oxide is 10 ~ 20nm.
2. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: moisture content is 17.3 ~ 18%.
3. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: natural montmorillonite and nano oxygen
The mass ratio of SiClx is 100:4 ~ 100:8.
4. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: natural montmorillonite and nano oxygen
The mass ratio of SiClx is 100:6.
5. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage bentonite according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the average grain of nano silicon oxide
Diameter is 15nm.
6. a kind of described in any item high expansion low-shrinkage preparation method for bentonite of claim 1 ~ 5, it is characterized in that including
Following steps:
One, natural montmorillonite soil sample air-dry is sieved；
Two, suitable water is added in natural montmorillonite, is configured to target moisture content, moisture content is 10 ~ 20%；
Three, configured natural montmorillonite sealed maintenance 8h or more, so that moisture is uniformly distributed in natural montmorillonite；
Four, natural montmorillonite is uniformly mixed with nano silicon oxide by the mass ratio of setting；
Nano silicon oxide fills bentonite internal void；
High expansion low-shrinkage bentonite is obtained by above step.
7. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage preparation method for bentonite according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the aperture of sieve
For 2mm.
8. a kind of high expansion low-shrinkage preparation method for bentonite according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: utilizing pressure-like
It is 1.4 ± 0.3g/cm that the compacting of mixed bentonite is prepared into dry density by device and jack3Bulk.
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| CN104692734A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 北京德瑞科森环保科技有限公司 | Water stopping material for underground water monitoring well building, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104692734A (en) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-06-10 | 北京德瑞科森环保科技有限公司 | Water stopping material for underground water monitoring well building, and preparation method thereof |
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