CN105997213B - Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur - Google Patents

Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105997213B
CN105997213B CN201610456277.4A CN201610456277A CN105997213B CN 105997213 B CN105997213 B CN 105997213B CN 201610456277 A CN201610456277 A CN 201610456277A CN 105997213 B CN105997213 B CN 105997213B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
nail
main
auxiliary
screw blade
hole
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CN201610456277.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN105997213A (en
Inventor
陈学东
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Suzhou Jimei Rui Medical Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
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Suzhou Jimei Rui Medical Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
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Priority to CN201610456277.4A priority Critical patent/CN105997213B/en
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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7233Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
    • A61B17/725Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with locking pins or screws of special form
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7216Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices for bone lengthening or compression
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7233Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
    • A61B17/7241Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone the nail having separate elements through which screws pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/74Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
    • A61B17/742Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
    • A61B17/744Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to an intramedullary nail
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B2017/564Methods for bone or joint treatment

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur, is related to orthopaedics the field of medical instrument technology.Including main nail, auxiliary nail, screw blade nail, duct and tail cap, main nail distal end is equipped with interconnecting piece, screw blade nail is socketed on interconnecting piece, and screw blade nail can be rotated freely by interconnecting piece, main nail distal end is circumferential to be evenly arranged with the duct dissipated outward, and auxiliary nail is inserted in main nail, auxiliary nail is the pencil body being made of the rigid needle of corresponding duct quantity, and rigid needle is pierced by from corresponding duct, main nail proximal end is uncovered structure, and tail cap is connected at the uncovered structure of main nail and connects in main nail with auxiliary nail.The present invention can sufficiently pressurize to fracture line, effectively prevent bone rotary shifted.

Description

Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur
Technical field
The present invention relates to orthopaedics the field of medical instrument technology, and in particular to a kind of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur.
Background technique
Fracture refers to a kind of disease for causing bone parts due to wound or pathology etc. or being broken completely.Fracture is controlled Treatment follows reset, fixation, functional training this three basic principles.Reset be will after fracture the fracture site that is displaced it is again extensive Again normally or close to original normal position, to restore the bracket effect of bone again.After the reduction of the fracture, if holding without being fixedly secured Easily occur to shift again, therefore should be given after the reduction of the fracture corresponding fixed to promote union.
Common fixing means of fracturing is divided into outer fixation and interior fixation.As internal fixation material, operation method are continuously improved And transformation of the people to fractures method idea, fracture now is intended to surgical menopause treatment.Inside-fixture can be with It is broadly divided into marrow external fixer and Medullary fixation device, since 19th century, bone plate and intramedullary nail are gradually used for elongated tubular In the treatment of bone fracture.
Intramedullary nail is a kind of therapeutic medical orthopedic fixation device tool, a kind of Chinese patent " femur strand lock intramedullary nail " (authorization Notification number CN203468719U) disclose a kind of femur and twist lock intramedullary nail, it includes proximal end and nail rod, the two be structure as a whole and It is hollow;The nail rod end is distal end;In being horizontally arranged, horizontal plane where the nail rod and the proximal end is in one first jiao for the proximal end Perpendicular where degree, the proximal end and the nail rod is in a second angle;The proximal end is equipped with several through-holes, and end is equipped with connection Hole;This is distally equipped with several through-holes.The patent, which can play part, prevents fracture site twisting action, but cannot fully control The problems such as rotation of fracture site, lateral fine motion.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide it is a kind of sufficiently to fracture line pressurization, effectively prevent bone rotary shifted Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur, including main nail, auxiliary nail, spiral Blade nail, duct and tail cap, the main nail distal end are equipped with interconnecting piece, and the screw blade nail is socketed on the interconnecting piece, and The screw blade nail can be rotated freely by the interconnecting piece, and the main nail distal end is circumferential to be evenly arranged with the hole dissipated outward Road, the auxiliary nail are inserted in the main nail, and the auxiliary nail is the pencil body being made of the rigid needle of the correspondence duct quantity, And the rigid needle is pierced by from corresponding duct, the main nail proximal end is uncovered structure, and the tail cap is connected to the spacious of the main nail It is connected at mouth structure and with the auxiliary nail in the main nail, screw blade nail of the invention can freely be revolved with the connection of main nail Turn, during the merging of main nail, screw blade nail is squeezed into after the pine fracture of distal end to be capable of providing lifts power enough, and guarantee will fracture gap Lifting is eliminated.
Preferably, the screw blade nail includes ailhead, tail sleeve and pin, and the ailhead is equipped with anti-rotation fin, backwards to described Anti- rotation fin side is equipped with the tail sleeve, and the tail sleeve is cylindrical hollow configuration, and the tail sleeve side is provided with pin hole, the pin Nail hole is matched with pin, and the screw blade nail of this structure is during the merging of main nail, it is easier to squeeze into distal end pine fracture and energy It is enough that lifting power enough is provided.
Preferably, the interconnecting piece is cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure and the cylindrical hollow configuration gap Cooperation, and cylindrical structure is circumferentially provided with annular groove, the pin passes through pin hole and the annular groove clearance fit, this Structure ensure that the rotation of screw blade nail.
Preferably, the auxiliary nail is the pencil body being made of three rigid needles, and the distal end of the main nail is circumferentially uniformly set Three ducts are set, auxiliary nail of the invention is come by the duct of main nail in distal end bifurcated, and insertion distal end pine fracture can effectively prevent Only distal bone folded block rotates, and prevents from resetting and fail.
Preferably, the duct is in that divergent shape penetrates main nail, and forms auxiliary nail slot, this structure on main nail surface from inside to outside Facilitate being mounted and taken out for auxiliary nail.
Preferably, the screw blade nails on the groove for being equipped with and matching with the auxiliary nail slot, and the groove is along circular knife Piece nail is circumferential to be uniformly distributed, and auxiliary nail is come by the duct of main nail in distal end bifurcated, and after the pine fracture of insertion distal end, auxiliary nail is stuck in tail Screw blade nail rotation is limited on set in groove.
It preferably, further include proximal end pinning and locking nail hole, the main nail proximal end is equipped at least one locking nail hole, the tail cap Through-hole corresponding with the locking nail hole, the locking nail hole and through-hole are equipped with through there is proximal end pinning, is beaten after fracture line joint close Enter proximal end pinning, fracture pressurization stress is effectively ensured, while can guarantee that main nail does not rotate in pulp cavity.
Preferably, the shape of the main nail is arc, the radian phase of the radian and femoral bone cavitas medullaris anatomical shape of the arc Together.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1) original femur self-locking nail, which is used, connects the screw blade nail that fracture line pressurizes insufficient, of the invention with main nail It can rotate freely, during main nail merging, screw blade nail squeezes into distal end pine fracture and needs to guarantee that it can be rotated freely, and beats It is capable of providing lifting power enough after entering pine fracture, guarantees to eliminate the lifting of fracture gap.
2) fixation of original femur self-locking nail distal end is unstable, and anti-rotation performance is poor, and auxiliary nail of the invention passes through the hole of main nail Road comes in distal end bifurcated, and the rotation of distal bone folded block can be effectively prevented in insertion distal end pine fracture, prevents from resetting and fail.
3) hollow type that the tail cap that the present invention is arranged effectively prevent soft tissue to grow into self-locking intramedullary nail of femur is intracavitary.
4) shape of main nail of the invention is to meet the shape of femoral bone cavitas medullaris anatomical angulation, facilitates operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the screw blade pin structure schematic diagram of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the interconnecting piece structural schematic diagram of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the distal structure schematic diagram of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the proximal structure schematic diagram of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the auxiliary pin structure schematic diagram of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the present invention.
In the figure, it is marked as 1, main nail;2, auxiliary nail;21, rigid needle;3, screw blade is followed closely;31, ailhead;32, tail sleeve;4, tail Cap;41, through-hole;5, interconnecting piece;51, annular groove;6, duct;61, auxiliary nail slot;62, groove;7, pin hole;8, pin;9, it locks Nail hole;10, proximal end pinning.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a kind of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur of the invention, including main nail 1, auxiliary nail 2, screw blade nail 3, tail cap 4 and duct 6,1 distal end of main nail are equipped with interconnecting piece 5, and screw blade nail 3 is socketed on interconnecting piece 5, and screw blade nail 3 It can be rotated freely by interconnecting piece 5, main 1 distal end of nail is circumferential to be evenly arranged with the duct 6 dissipated outward, and auxiliary nail 2 is inserted in main nail 1 Interior, auxiliary nail 2 is the pencil body being made of the rigid needle 21 of corresponding 6 quantity of duct, and rigid needle 21 is pierced by from corresponding duct 6, main Following closely 1 proximal end is uncovered structure, and tail cap 4 is connected at the uncovered structure of main nail 1 and connect with auxiliary nail 2 in main nail 1, of the invention Screw blade nail 3 connect and can rotate freely with main nail 1, and during main 1 merging of nail, screw blade nail 3 squeezes into distal end pine fracture After be capable of providing enough lifting power, guarantee will fracture gap lifting eliminate.
Screw blade nail 3 includes ailhead 31, tail sleeve 32 and pin 8, and ailhead 31 is equipped with anti-rotation fin, is set backwards to anti-rotation fin side There is tail sleeve 32, tail sleeve 32 is cylindrical hollow configuration, and 32 side of tail sleeve is provided with pin hole 7, and pin hole 7 is matched with pin 8, this The screw blade nail 3 of structure is during main 1 merging of nail, it is easier to squeeze into distal end pine and fracture and be capable of providing lifting power enough.
Interconnecting piece 5 is cylindrical structure, cylindrical structure and cylindrical hollow configuration clearance fit, and cylindrical structure is all To annular groove 51 is provided with, for pin 8 by pin hole 7 and 51 clearance fit of annular groove, this structure ensure that screw blade nail 3 Rotation.
Auxiliary nail 2 is the pencil body being made of three rigid needles 21, and the distal end of main nail 1 is circumferentially uniformly arranged three ducts 6, Auxiliary nail 2 of the invention is come by the duct 6 of main nail 1 in distal end bifurcated, and distal bone can be effectively prevented in insertion distal end pine fracture Folded block rotation is prevented from resetting and be failed.
Duct 6 penetrates main nail 1 in divergent shape from inside to outside, and forms auxiliary nail slot 61 on 1 surface of main nail, this structure facilitates auxiliary Nail 2 is mounted and taken out.
Screw blade nail 3 is equipped with the groove 62 matched with auxiliary nail slot 61, and groove 62 is circumferential uniformly along screw blade nail 3 Distribution, auxiliary nail 2 are come by the duct 6 of main nail 1 in distal end bifurcated, and after the pine fracture of insertion distal end, auxiliary nail 2 is stuck in tail sleeve 32 3 rotation of screw blade nail is limited in groove 62.
Further include locking nail hole 9 and proximal end pinning 10,1 proximal end of main nail is equipped at least one locking nail hole 9, tail cap 4 be equipped with The corresponding through-hole 41 of locking nail hole 9, locking nail hole 9 and through-hole 41 squeeze into proximal end lock through there is proximal end pinning 10 after fracture line joint close Fracture pressurization stress is effectively ensured in nail 10, while can guarantee that main nail 1 does not rotate in pulp cavity.
Working method of the invention:
When carrying out actual operation, doctor plants femur inner cavity to corresponding position, spiral prior to femur aperture, by main nail 1 Blade nail 3 squeezes into distal end pine fracture, plants auxiliary nail 2 along 1 bottom of chamber portion of main nail, one end of main nail 1 is equipped with three holes of equal part circumferential direction Road 6, duct 6 are in that divergent shape penetrates main nail 1 from inside to outside, and auxiliary nail 2 is the pencil bodies of three rigid needles 21 composition, and rigid needle 21 is certainly Corresponding duct 6 is pierced by, and accesses tail cap 4, is compressed open-mouth of the tail cap 4 by auxiliary nail 2 along 1 inner cavity of main nail and is inserted into, tail cap 4 is to auxiliary nail 2 Pencil body bottom end generates pressure, so that fixed assign of three rigid needles 21 of auxiliary nail 2 is beaten after femur internal chamber wall, fracture line joint close Enter proximal end pinning 10 and is fixed in femoral cavity.The present invention increases the rotatable screw blade nail 3 in distal end, squeezes into energy in the pine fracture of distal end Enough effectively connections, are lifted by instrument, are sufficiently pressurizeed to fracture line, and the auxiliary nail 2 in main 1 inside three of nail is remote by the insertion of distal end bifurcated It is rotary shifted that bone can be effectively prevented in the cancellous bone of end, improve bone surgery quality.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although referring to aforementioned reality Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of self-locking intramedullary nail of femur, it is characterised in that: described including main nail, auxiliary nail, screw blade nail, duct and tail cap Main nail distal end is equipped with interconnecting piece, and the screw blade nail is socketed on the interconnecting piece, and the screw blade is followed closely by described Interconnecting piece can rotate freely, and the main nail distal end is circumferential to be evenly arranged with the duct dissipated outward, and the auxiliary nail is inserted in described In main nail, the auxiliary nail is by the pencil body that forms of rigid needle of the correspondence duct quantity, and the rigid needle is from corresponding aperture Road is pierced by, and the main nail proximal end is uncovered structure, and the tail cap is connected at the uncovered structure of the main nail and in the main nail Interior to connect with the auxiliary nail, the screw blade nail includes ailhead, tail sleeve and pin, and the ailhead is equipped with anti-rotation fin, backwards to institute Anti- rotation fin side is stated equipped with the tail sleeve, the tail sleeve is cylindrical hollow configuration, and the tail sleeve side is provided with pin hole, described Pin hole is matched with pin, and the interconnecting piece is cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure and the cylindrical hollow configuration Clearance fit, and cylindrical structure is circumferentially provided with annular groove, the pin is matched by pin hole and the annular groove gap It closes.
2. self-locking intramedullary nail of femur according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the auxiliary nail is to be made of three rigid needles Pencil body, and the distal end of the main nail is circumferentially uniformly arranged three ducts.
3. self-locking intramedullary nail of femur according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: worn from inside to outside in divergent shape in the duct Saturating main nail, and auxiliary nail slot is formed on main nail surface.
4. self-locking intramedullary nail of femur according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the screw blade nail on be equipped with it is described The groove that auxiliary nail slot matches, the groove are circumferentially uniformly distributed along screw blade nail.
5. self-locking intramedullary nail of femur according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include proximal end pinning and locking nail hole, institute Main nail proximal end is stated equipped at least one locking nail hole, the tail cap is equipped with through-hole corresponding with the locking nail hole, the pinning Hole and through-hole, which run through, proximal end pinning.
6. self-locking intramedullary nail of femur according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the shape of the main nail is arc, described The radian of arc is identical as the radian of femoral bone cavitas medullaris anatomical shape.
CN201610456277.4A 2016-06-22 2016-06-22 Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur Active CN105997213B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610456277.4A CN105997213B (en) 2016-06-22 2016-06-22 Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610456277.4A CN105997213B (en) 2016-06-22 2016-06-22 Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur

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CN105997213A CN105997213A (en) 2016-10-12
CN105997213B true CN105997213B (en) 2019-03-08

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107198562B (en) * 2017-07-27 2023-03-21 焦作市新港医疗设备有限公司 Fibula/radius intramedullary nail and fibula group and radius group using intramedullary nail
CN108403199A (en) * 2018-01-25 2018-08-17 吴旋 Arthroscopic surface helix locking structure

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2369639Y (en) * 1999-04-06 2000-03-22 蒋谊康 Intramedullary pin with self locking device at remote end
CN202458648U (en) * 2012-02-21 2012-10-03 季文婷 Spiral blade type inner bone marrow locking nail
CN202714906U (en) * 2012-07-16 2013-02-06 苏州吉美瑞医疗器械有限公司 Femoral self-locking nail
ES2706201T3 (en) * 2013-10-22 2019-03-27 General Surgical Company India Pvt Ltd A device for bone support with improved rotational stability
CN206007348U (en) * 2016-06-22 2017-03-15 苏州吉美瑞医疗器械有限公司 Self-locking intramedullary nail of femur

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Publication number Publication date
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