CN1059959A - Centrifugal compressor - Google Patents
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- CN1059959A CN1059959A CN 90107735 CN90107735A CN1059959A CN 1059959 A CN1059959 A CN 1059959A CN 90107735 CN90107735 CN 90107735 CN 90107735 A CN90107735 A CN 90107735A CN 1059959 A CN1059959 A CN 1059959A
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Abstract
Centrifugal compressor is included in the active wheel of settling in turn in the housing (1) (2), Diffuser (3), and the annular space (8) and the annular of Diffuser (3) outside are compiled air chamber (4), and comprise steam outlet pipe (12).In steam outlet pipe (12), be equipped with the separated like this longitudinal baffle of the cavity in the steam outlet pipe (14), make the part (15) of this cavity be positioned at dividing plate (14) one sides be the prolongation of annular space (8), and the part (16) that is positioned at this cavity of dividing plate (14) opposite side is compiled the prolongation of air chamber (4) for annular.
Description
This invention belongs to compressor manufacturing industry, and more accurate theory belongs to centrifugal compressor.
This invention can be used for the high-speed centrifugal compressor most effectively, and the be compressed working medium of this high-speed centrifugal compressor in annular is compiled air chamber and steam outlet pipe has high flowing velocity.This compressor can be used for can being used to process the technological equipment of oil and gas along the main conduit pumped gas of gas, can be used for to blast furnace air, to the air distribution device air supply, and is used for other field.
Current, no matter traditional still in the flow of development again, because the increase of the use volume of compressor, in face of the production practices of global compressor manufacturing industry, having proposed development shrilly is economical in the big excursion of flow, is the problem of reliable centrifugal compressor and be in operation.
Centrifugal compressor (specialty products catalogue " centrifugal compressor and with the driving steam turbine of its coupling ", first portion, dynamic power machine process industry scientific experiment Institute of Social Science Information, 1987, Moscow, 92～94 pages, Figure 97,80) active wheel that generally comprises housing and in housing, settle in turn, Diffuser, the annular space and the annular of Diffuser outside are compiled air chamber.Annular space and annular are compiled air chamber and are limited by the inner periphery of housing shell wall.Annular is compiled air chamber and is communicated with by the annular space of annular space with the Diffuser outside.Compressor is equipped with tangential steam outlet pipe, and its inner chamber is that annular is compiled the prolongation of the annular space of air chamber and Diffuser outside in tangent direction, and the inner cylindrical surface of the internal surface of steam outlet pipe tube wall and housing forms one " pecker ".
In such compressor, the major part that is compressed working medium of Diffuser back enters annular by the annular space that is communicated with the Diffuser outside with the annular annular space of compiling air chamber and compiles air chamber, and then the inflow steam outlet pipe, and the fraction that is compressed working medium of Diffuser and Diffuser annular space outside back flows directly into steam outlet pipe.Arrange like this in centrifugal compressor, to discharge the superiority that is compressed working medium, be can reduce annular compile in the air chamber and the air-flow that is compressed working medium in the steam outlet pipe to said elements, i.e. the reverse power of Diffuser and active wheel work influence.Thereby can reduce the probability of these parts fatigue breaks in the compressor operation.
But,, make the effect of this superiority lose much owing in the scope at steam outlet pipe inlet place, be compressed working medium and have complicated flow characteristic.The annular space of Diffuser outside and annular are compiled air chamber and are communicated with steam outlet pipe by the steam outlet pipe inlet.In the scope of this inlet, the annular space of Diffuser outside, annular is compiled the motion of the air-flow in air chamber and the steam outlet pipe, and is inharmonious each other.From the air-flow that the Diffuser annular space outside flows out, velocity magnitude in the radial plane and flow direction and compile the air-flow that flows out in the air chamber from annular, and velocity magnitude in the radial plane and moving direction are very inequality.In addition, enter the air-flow that annular compiles air chamber from the Diffuser annular space outside by annular space and have axially (laterally) component velocity, to compile in the air chamber moving direction of air-flow perpendicular with annular in the inlet scope of steam outlet pipe for the direction of this axial component velocity.All these, the first, in steam outlet pipe inlet scope, will on the formation vortex, cause quite big energy loss, like this can the serious efficient that reduces compressor.The second, meanwhile, because the vortex of air-flow and be stirred in annular and compile in the initial cross section of air chamber, promptly annular is compiled in the cross section of air chamber near " pecker ", the stasis district can occur.The partial volume that the stasis district makes annular compile air chamber can not be worked, and because the increase of the mean flowrate speed of air-flow in annular is compiled air chamber can cause additional energy loss, so more can reduce the efficient of compressor.The 3rd, the stasis district will make the annular space of Diffuser outside, the actual demand cross section that annular is compiled air chamber and steam outlet pipe narrows down little, destroys the symmetry properties of air-flow with respect to the compressor operating wheel axis, and can cause the actual parameter of air-flow and the deviation of COMPUTER PARAMETER.Like this with the economical operation district of limit compression machine, promptly reduce the excursion of air compressor flow, and can guarantee that in this scope compressor can economical operation, to further reduce the efficient of compressor simultaneously, and the work to active wheel and Diffuser produces the reverse power influence, may cause the fatigue break of these parts like this, promptly reduce compressor movement reliability.In addition, because Diffuser annular space outside and annular are compiled the increase of the mean flowrate speed of air-flow in the air chamber, when air-flow is flushed to " pecker ", will increase impact loss, so also can reduce the efficient of compressor, and the economical operation district of compressor is narrowed down.
At last, in such compressor, the part air-flow is finished recirculation in annular is compiled air chamber.The vortex region that is positioned at steam outlet pipe inlet scope has bigger influence to the intensity of recirculated air and the working medium amount of recirculation.Vortex region can hinder a part of working medium air-flow to compile air chamber from annular and enter steam outlet pipe, forces this part working medium air-flow in annular is compiled air chamber, that is finishes the circular movement of repetition around the rotation axis of active wheel.Like this with the economical operation district of limit compression machine, and will more reduce the efficient of compressor.
Try hard to improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge its economical operation district, and eliminate annular and compile the reverse power influence of air chamber active wheel and Diffuser work, the structure that has caused the development centrifugal compressor, in this compressor, to be positioned at the branch muscle that compiles the tangent plane of the periphery of air chamber internal diameter with " pecker " and definite annular, and be installed on annular and compile air chamber.Start-up portion and the discharge portion that this minute muscle compiles air chamber with annular separate (B,
, lining this " centrifugal compressor device ", 1981, machine building industry publishing house, Leningrad, 205 pages, Fig. 3 .87).In others, the making of this compressor is similar to the making of aforementioned compressor.
Utilize this minute muscle, can reduce the strong degree of recirculation and the throughput that annular is compiled recirculation in the air chamber greatly, can reduce the energy loss of recirculation like this, promptly little a part of air-flow carries out the energy loss of circular movement in air chamber.
Simultaneously, because using of dividing that muscle caused is compressed the complicated of working medium flow characteristic in the air pipe inlet position range, in this structure, the effect of the superiority that is reached will be lost a lot.In addition, with regard to the flow direction of air-flow in annular is compiled air chamber,, will make flow structure very complicated being positioned at the zone of separating muscle the place ahead and rear.In these zones, be positioned at Diffuser, the annular space of Diffuser outside, annular is compiled the air-flow in air chamber and the steam outlet pipe, is being inequality especially each other aspect velocity amplitude and the flow direction.Flow into velocity amplitude and the flow direction that annular is compiled the air-flow of air chamber and steam outlet pipe from the annular space of Diffuser and Diffuser outside, situation when dividing muscle with nothing is compared, and is different from bigger degree from annular and compiles velocity amplitude and the flow direction that air chamber flows into the air-flow of steam outlet pipe.In addition, also maintain the axial component velocity that enters the air-flow that annular compiles air chamber by annular space from the annular space of Diffuser outside, this axial component velocity is compiled the moving direction of air-flow in the air chamber perpendicular to annular in the scope of steam outlet pipe inlet.All these will cause very big energy loss on the formation vortex, can reduce the efficient of compressor like this.In addition, the flow direction that compiles air-flow in the air chamber with regard to annular, divide muscle will form stable what is called " hidden " stasis district in its back, the initial part that makes annular compile air chamber like this can not be worked, and owing in annular is compiled air chamber and the increase of mean flowrate speed of the air-flow in the Diffuser annular space outside, can produce additional energy loss.In high speed compressor, owing to the stasis district that the branch muscle causes is set, the actual demand cross section of compiling air chamber with annular that makes the Diffuser annular space outside especially sharply narrows down little, the air-flow that destruction is flowed out from Diffuser is with respect to the symmetry properties of active wheel axis, and can cause the deviation of air-flow actual parameter and calculating parameter.By the above-mentioned factors that the branch muscle is caused is set, will more reduce the efficient of compressor, the economical operation district of limit compression machine, and the element of active wheel and Diffuser applied dynamic action, this dynamic action may cause the fatigue break of part.
The basic task of this invention is a kind of centrifugal compressor of development, make its structure can significantly reduce the interior vortex of steam outlet pipe inlet scope, avoid in this scope, forming the stasis district, thereby improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge the economical operation district of compressor, and improve compressor movement reliability.
Being proposed of task is to solve like this, in centrifugal compressor, contain housing, steam outlet pipe and the active wheel of in housing, settling in turn, Diffuser, compile air chamber by annular space and annular outside the Diffuser of shell body wall inner periphery restriction, this ring-shaped air chamber is limited by the shell body wall inner periphery, and communicate by the annular space of annular space with the Diffuser outside, in addition, the inner chamber of steam outlet pipe is the prolongation of annular space on tangent direction that annular is compiled air chamber and Diffuser outside, and the inner cylindrical surface of the internal surface of steam outlet pipe tube wall and shell body wall forms " pecker ", according to this invention, in the steam outlet pipe inner chamber, longitudinal baffle is installed, the part of dividing plate stretches into the annular space and the annular annular space of compiling between the air chamber of Diffuser outside, and annular space and annular in the Diffuser outside are compiled on the section of air chamber and steam outlet pipe smooth connection, annular space and ring-shaped air chamber is separated from one another, simultaneously, the part inner chamber that is positioned at the steam outlet pipe of longitudinal baffle one side is the prolongation of Diffuser annular space outside, and the part inner chamber that is positioned at the steam outlet pipe of longitudinal baffle opposite side is the prolongation that annular is compiled air chamber.
Structurally make compressor like this, can improve the efficient of compressor in minimum discharge to all operating modes of peak rate of flow, particularly under the situation of high speed compressor, can enlarge the economical operation district, and can significantly reduce of the reverse power influence of the interior air-flow of steam outlet pipe inlet scope, can improve compressor movement reliability like this active wheel and Diffuser work.
Owing to significantly reduce the strong degree that forms vortex in the steam outlet pipe inlet scope, thereby can reach the efficient that improves compressor, this situation becomes possibility, be because on the annular space of Diffuser outside and annular are compiled air chamber and section that steam outlet pipe is connected, the cause that the employing longitudinal baffle separates each other annular space and ring-shaped air chamber.Meanwhile, also guarantee to have such mobility status, in this case, the characteristic that air-flow does not influence air-flow in the steam outlet pipe inlet scope at the velocity amplitude and the flow direction of each side of dividing plate, because dividing plate not air-flow major part in this scope of homonymy is immiscible each other, and is independent of each other each other.Now, the mixed area moves to the outside of the separator edge that is positioned at steam outlet pipe outlet one side, here, the air-flow of each side of dividing plate has identical speed and direction, and these speed are more much smaller than the speed of compiling in the air chamber with annular in the annular space of Diffuser outside.
In addition, owing to having eliminated the stasis district appearred both, also owing to eliminated " hidden " stasis district, so can reach the efficient of further raising compressor, the stasis district is owing to compiling in annular in the scope of the initial cross section of air chamber, just forming vortex and air-flow at air chamber near the air-flow in " pecker " lateral cross section plane mixes and is caused, and " hidden " stasis district, in known compressor arrangement, be to cause owing in annular is compiled the initial cross section of air chamber, the branch muscle being set.Eliminate the stasis district and can guarantee in the scope of air chamber, make air chamber maintain the cross-sectional sizes of actual demand, and can prevent to increase the mean flowrate speed that annular is compiled air-flow in the air chamber near " pecker " lateral cross section.Significantly reduce to form the strong degree of vortex and eliminate the stasis district, can guarantee that the air-flow that flows out from Diffuser is symmetrical with respect to the active wheel axis, and can eliminate and cause that the reason of deviation appears in air-flow actual parameter and calculating parameter.Can further increase the efficient of compressor like this, enlarge the economical operation district of compressor, and can prevent reverse power effect, thereby improve compressor movement reliability active wheel and vane diffuser.
Suggestion is stretched on that part of the annular space of connection Diffuser outside and the annular space that annular is compiled air chamber at longitudinal baffle, make longitudinal baffle two opposite edges edge that a slope all be arranged, and be positioned at the edge of " pecker " side, side in the Diffuser annular space outside has the slope, and being positioned at the edge of an opposite side, a side of compiling air chamber in annular has the slope.
Structurally make compressor like this, first, can guarantee smoothly, promptly under the situation of the energy loss that does not have seamed edge energy loss and formation vortex, the air-flow that flows out the annular space of Diffuser outside in " pecker " scope is converged mutually, because the seamed edge of dividing plate narrows down in the moving direction of the air-flow that streamed dividing plate gradually with the air-flow of recirculation in annular is compiled air chamber.Second, structurally make compressor like this, when entering air-flow that annular compiles air chamber and impact, can eliminate the energy loss of impact in the presence of annular space from Diffuser outside, because in the moving direction of the air-flow that impacts seamed edge, the thickness of seamed edge is steadily to increase.All these can improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge the economical operation district of compressor, eliminate the reverse power influence of air-flow to active wheel and vane diffuser, and improve compressor movement reliability.
Suitable is, that side in the steam outlet pipe outlet, settle the edge of longitudinal baffle like this, position at this place, edge, make steam outlet pipe part inner chamber, the promptly annular cross sectional area that compiles the air chamber prolongation surpasses steam outlet pipe another part cavity, promptly 2～5 of the cross-section area of Diffuser annular space outside prolongation times.
Structurally make compressor like this, can guarantee to make the annular space of Diffuser outside and annular to compile the air-flow that flows out in the air chamber, the velocity amplitude in the cross sectional planes of air outlet equates, and longitudinal baffle go out the plane that end margin is positioned at this cross section.
The energy loss that forms vortex in the steam outlet pipe outlet can be reduced like this, thereby the efficient of compressor can be further improved.
Suitable is, feasible inner periphery with shell body wall, formation is positioned at the part internal surface of steam outlet pipe tube wall of " pecker " part on Diffuser annular space outside opposite, is positioned on the tangent direction that is compressed the track that working medium moves from Diffuser to section that should " pecker " part.
Make like this " pecker ", can guarantee that the gas flow smooth ground of going out streamed this " pecker " in the annular space of Diffuser outside.Can eliminate the energy loss of impact like this, reduce to form the strong degree of vortex, and can eliminate the stasis district in " pecker " scope, thereby also can improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge its economical operation district, reduce " pecker " reverse power influence active wheel and vane diffuser work.
Suitable is, with Diffuser making becoming vane diffuser, and be positioned at a plane with the part internal surface of steam outlet pipe tube wall that the shell body wall inner cylindrical surface forms " pecker " part that is positioned at Diffuser annular space outside opposite, the angle in the tangent plane of this plane and definite Diffuser outer diameter cylndrical surface equals the exit angle of diffuser vane, and this tangent plane is by the intersection on cylndrical surface and plane, steam outlet pipe inner surface of tube wall above-mentioned part place.
Structurally make compressor like this, when Diffuser is equipped with the blade of the composition diffuser passageway of installing by several angle, can guarantee to dash air-flow, streamed this " pecker " smoothly to " pecker " from the annular space of Diffuser outside.
Can eliminate the energy loss of interior impact of " pecker " scope and formation vortex like this, thereby improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge the economical operation district and the reverse power effect that reduces vane diffuser work of compressor, promptly improve compressor movement reliability.
At last, suitable is, formation is positioned at annular compiles the part internal surface of steam outlet pipe tube wall of " pecker " part on air chamber opposite and the part inner cylindrical surface of shell body wall, equals 0.2～0.4 with fillet radius
Curve smooth connection in addition, the S here is the area of steam outlet pipe outlet.
Structurally make compressor like this, can guarantee to compile air chamber towards air-flow, streamed this " pecker " smoothly, and can reduce the throughput of carrying out recirculation to " pecker " from annular.Can eliminate like this be positioned at annular compile the air chamber opposite " pecker " part scope impact and form the energy loss of vortex, and can reduce the consumption energy that air-flow carries out recirculation in annular is compiled air chamber.Thereby, more can improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge its economical operation district, and improve compressor movement reliability.
Below with the detailed description of the instantiation of implementing this invention and to accompanying drawing quote explanation this invention as proof, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 according to this invention, roughly represents the partial longitudinal section of centrifugal compressor;
Fig. 2 represents along the sectional drawing of II on Fig. 1-II line;
Fig. 3 represents along the sectional drawing of III on Fig. 1-III line;
Fig. 4 represents along the sectional drawing of IV on Fig. 2-IV line;
Fig. 5 represents along the view of Fig. 2 upward arrow C;
Fig. 6 is with a part of section on the bigger schedule of proportion diagrammatic sketch 3;
Fig. 7 represents along the sectional drawing of VII on Fig. 6-VII line;
Fig. 8 is with another part sectional drawing on the bigger schedule of proportion diagrammatic sketch 3;
Fig. 9 represents along the section of IX on Fig. 8-IX line.
According to Fig. 1～6, the active wheel 2 that centrifugal compressor contains housing 1 and settles in turn in housing, vane diffuser 3 and annular are compiled air chamber 4.Diffuser 3 has many blade 5(Fig. 2), these blades are evenly distributed between the cylndrical surface 6 of the cylndrical surface 7 of determining the Diffuser external diameter and definite Diffuser internal diameter.Cylndrical surface 6 and 7 usefulness dotted lines are shown in Fig. 2.Be provided with annular space 8 in Diffuser 3 outsides (Fig. 1～6).The inner periphery 9 that annular is compiled air chamber 4 and annular space 8 usefulness housings 1 shell wall is limited.Annular compile air chamber 4 usefulness circles radially dividing plate 10 separate with Diffuser 3, and a part separates with annular space 8.Annular space 8 by between the outward edge 10a of dividing plate 10 and the annular space 11 between the cylndrical surface 9 with compile air chamber 4 and communicate.
Compressor is equipped with the steam outlet pipe 12 that is made of one with housing 1.The inner chamber of steam outlet pipe 12 communicates with the annular space 8 that annular is compiled air chamber 4 and Diffuser 3 outsides, and vertically is being their prolongation.The inner cylindrical surface 9 of the internal surface of steam outlet pipe 12 tube walls and housing 1 shell wall forms " pecker ", should " pecker " be made up of the different two-part of profile, promptly is positioned at the part 13a on annular space 8 opposites and is positioned at the part 13B that annular is compiled air chamber 4 opposites.
In the cavity of steam outlet pipe 12, longitudinal baffle 14 is housed.The part of dividing plate 14 extend between annular space 8 and compiles annular space 11 between the air chamber 4, and annular space 8 with compile that section that air chamber 4 is connected with steam outlet pipe 12, annular space and ring-shaped air chamber are separated each other.Dividing plate 14 will be installed like this, make that the part of steam outlet pipe 2 inner cavities be positioned at dividing plate 14 1 sides is the prolongation of annular space 8 on its tangent direction, and the part inner cavity that is positioned at the steam outlet pipe of dividing plate 14 opposite sides compiles the prolongation of air chamber 4 on its tangent direction for annular.
Extend into the part of the dividing plate 14 in the annular space 11, have the edge 14a that extends along the edge 10 of dividing plate 10 radially and two minor face edge 14B that are connected with edge 14a at relative two ends and 14C, meanwhile, edge 14B is positioned at " pecker " 13a, 13B one side, and edge 14C is positioned at an opposite side.The gasket seal of for example making of rubber 17 is housed between the edge 10a of the edge of dividing plate 14 14a and dividing plate 10.
Will be placed on the edge 14d of the dividing plate 14 of steam outlet pipe 12 outlets 18 1 sides like this, the position at 14d place, this edge makes the cross sectional area of part 16 of steam outlet pipe 12 inner chambers, surpasses 2～5 times of cross sectional area of the part 15 of steam outlet pipe inner chamber.For this reason, dividing plate 14 will bend towards a side of steam outlet pipe 12 inner chamber parts 15.But the concrete shape that should be pointed out that the reality of dividing plate 14 is decided by the shape of steam outlet pipe 12, that is to say, may occur that for the above-mentioned ratio of the cross sectional area that obtains two- part 15 and 16, dividing plate 14 may be made as the side plane or that bend towards part 16.
The part internal surface of steam outlet pipe 12 tube walls that forms the part 13a of " pecker " with the internal face 9 of housing 1 is positioned at plane P (Fig. 2), and the position on this plane is by the exit angle α of Diffuser 3 blades 5
4Determine.Want such plane of arrangement P, make the angle between plane P and the Q equal the exit angle α of blade 5
4, and plane Q along the cylndrical surface 7 tangential intersection by this cylndrical surface and plane P.Simultaneously, the part 13a of " pecker " is the shape that comes to a point.Different with this situation is the part 13B(Fig. 3 and 6 of " pecker ") be the fillet shape.Footpath, the fillet of the part 13B of " pecker " end, i.e. the radius R of the curve of internal surface 9 parts of the inner surface portion of smooth connection steam outlet pipe 12 tube walls and housing 1 shell wall will be according to relation R=0.2～0。4
Choose, the S here is the area of steam outlet pipe 12 outlets." pecker " fillet part 13B is illustrated in Fig. 6 with bigger ratio.
Shown in Fig. 6～9, the edge 14B and the 14C of dividing plate 14 have slope 19 and 20 respectively.Slope 19 on the edge 14B is produced on a side of annular space 8, and the slope 20 on the edge 14C is produced on the side that annular is compiled air chamber 4.
When centrifugal compressor was worked, active wheel 2 was rotated, and pressurized gas is sent into Diffuser 3.Gas is along the blade 5 that passes Diffuser 3 from surface 6 to the direction on surface 7, and the annular space 8 of inflow Diffuser 3 outsides.All equal the exit angle α of Diffuser 3 blades 5 at the efflux angles of the air-flow at surperficial 7 every bit places.
More little a part of gas directly enters the inner chamber of steam outlet pipe 12 from annular space 8.The major component of gas is passed annular space 11 from annular space 8 and is flowed into air chamber 4.In general, the volume that flows into the gas part of air chamber 4 surpasses directly 2～5 times of gas volume that enter steam outlet pipe 12 from annular space 8.The major component of gas flows into the inner chamber of steam outlet pipe 12 from air chamber 4.A part of gas little in the air chamber 4 is still stayed in the air chamber 4 not by the outlet of steam outlet pipe 12, continues to move in a circle, and forms so-called recirculated air.
Owing on the section of annular space 8 and air chamber 4 and steam outlet pipe 12 smooth connections, longitudinal baffle is set annular space 8 and air chamber 4 are separated each other, gas flows into steam outlet pipe 12(Fig. 4 with two bursts of air current A and B).Air current A enters the inner chamber part 15 of steam outlet pipe from annular space 8.Be shown in the structure of supposition streamline " a-a " the expression air current A on Fig. 2.At " pecker " 13a, the residing position of 13B is represented with streamline " a-B " to the air-flow that airflow chamber 4 flows into by annular space 8.Air-flow B flows into the inner chamber part 16 of steam outlet pipe 12 from air chamber 4.Be shown in the structure of supposition streamline " B-B " the expression air-flow B on Fig. 3.At " pecker " 13a, the recirculated air at place, 13B position is represented with streamline " B-C ".
The kinetic characteristic of air current A is determined by the position of Diffuser 3 blades 5, and the kinetic characteristic of air-flow B is determined by the rotation of air-flow in meridional plane and radial plane of air chamber 4.Therefore, (be communicated with annular space 8 and ring-shaped air chamber by this inlet steam outlet pipe) in the zone of steam outlet pipe 12 inlets, the speed and the direction of each component of composition air current A and B are very inequality each other.Because air current A and B separate with dividing plate 14 each other,, and be independent of each other so they do not mix each other.Can significantly reduce the interior vortex of steam outlet pipe 12 entrance regions like this, in known compressing mechanism, this vortex is because the interaction that compiles the air-flow of air chamber inflow steam outlet pipe from the space and the annular of Diffuser outside causes.
In the compressor arrangement of being recommended, compile air chamber 4 from the annular space 8 of Diffuser 3 outsides and annular and enter the air current A of steam outlet pipe 12 and the interaction of B, occur in the outside of the dividing plate 14 edge 14d that are positioned at steam outlet pipe 12 outlets 18 1 sides.Here, air current A and B converge mutually, and have identical speed and direction.These speed are more much smaller than the speed in annular space 8 and the ring-shaped air chamber 4, thereby the interaction area that can eliminate at air current A and B forms vortex.
In addition, longitudinal baffle 14 can stop in the inlet scope of steam outlet pipe 12, produces the tranverse air flow by annular space 11.
Like this, can prevent that air-flow " B-C " from going deep into air chamber 4 from dividing plate 10 radially under cross-flow effect, and can prevent the increase of the mean flowrate speed of air-flow " B-B " and " C-C ", the increase of this mean flowrate speed will cause additional energy loss.
Eliminate the interaction of interior air current A of steam outlet pipe inlet scope and B and prevent cross-flow generation, can significantly reduce the strong degree that forms vortex in the steam outlet pipe 12 inlet scopes, can reduce energy loss like this, thereby improve the efficient of compressor.
In addition, in the scope of steam outlet pipe 12 inlets, significantly reduce strong degree that forms vortex and the mixing of eliminating air-flow, can in compiling air chamber 4 initial cross section, annular promptly produce the stasis district near the lateral cross section zone of this air chamber " pecker " part 13B.Plane IV-the IV that illustrates on the initial lateral cross section of air chamber 4 and Fig. 2 coincides.Eliminate the stasis district and can prevent the cross section of in annular is compiled the zone in air chamber 4 initial cross sections, reducing this air chamber actual demand, thereby increase interior air current A of annular space 8 and air chamber 4 and the mean flowrate speed of B.So more can improve the efficient of compressor, and can avoid destroying the symmetry properties of relative active wheel 2 axis of air-flow in annular space 8 and the air chamber 4.Therefore, can guarantee to make active wheel 2, the actual parameter of air-flow and calculating parameter well coincide in Diffuser 3 and the air chamber 4, thereby can enlarge the economical operation district of compressor, and can eliminate reverse power influence, promptly can improve compressor movement reliability active wheel 2 and Diffuser 3 work.Simultaneously, dividing plate 14 is different with the interior branch muscle that is adopted of known compressor arrangement, and it does not produce " hidden " stasis district of severe exacerbation compressor operating.
As above indicated, the position at separator edge 14d place, the cross sectional area of steam outlet pipe 12 inner chamber parts 16 will surpass 2～5 times of the cross sectional areas of steam outlet pipe 12 inner chamber parts 15.Installing like this under the situation of dividing plate 14, can be in the plane of steam outlet pipe 12 outlets 18, air current A that homogenizing flows out from annular space 8 and air chamber 4 and the speed of B, thereby when air current A and B mix, the loss that forms vortex can be compressed to minimum.This situation is because the inner chamber part 15 that only has little amount to flow into steam outlet pipe 12 from annular space 8 effluent airs causes.This gas flow is decided by the number of passages of being opened wide to steam outlet pipe 12 inner chamber parts 15 between the blade 5 of Diffuser 3.In general, these number of passages of opening wide are 3～5.All the other paths between Diffuser 3 blades 5 pass through annular space 11 water conservancy diversion air inlet chambers 4 with gas.In general, the quantity of these paths is 15～18.So, the gas flow of 8 diversed air inlet chambers 4 from the space, according to the difference of compressor concrete structure, can be above 2～5 times of the gas flow of being gone into steam outlet pipe 12 from annular space 8 by direct water conservancy diversion.
Enter the streamline " a-a " of the air current A of steam outlet pipe 12 from annular space 8, in the steam outlet pipe entrance region, have blade 5 strictly determined directions by Diffuser 3.These directions are decided by that gas flows out the efflux angles of Diffuser 3, and this efflux angles equals the exit angle α of blade 5
4
So, the streamline " a-a " of the air current A of passing through near surface by steam outlet pipe 12 internal surfaces formed " pecker " part 13a, in fact will be parallel to the plane P at the surperficial place of above-mentioned " pecker " part 13a, and will guarantee to stream this " pecker " towards gas flow smooth ground to " pecker " from annular space 8.Can eliminate the energy loss of impact like this, reduce the interior stasis district, zone of the strong degree and elimination " pecker " the part 13a of little formation vortex, thereby improve the efficient of compressor, enlarge its economical operation district, and reduce the reverse power influence of " pecker " part 13a the work of active wheel 2 and vane diffuser 3.
Different with above-mentioned situation, compile near air chamber 4 enters the air-flow B streamline " B-B " of the steam outlet pipe 12 inner chambers part 13B of " pecker " direction from annular, being actually and can not determining with computational methods, is unknown because rush at the position at transition point K place of the air-flow of " pecker " part 13B.Like this, the rounded shapes that " pecker " part 13B has is best, because in this case, the position of transition point K wants weak for the influence that the air-flow that flows out from air chamber 4 streamed the characteristic of " pecker " part 13B.
The fillet radius R of " pecker " part 13B will suitably be chosen, and chooses greatly more, the speed that rushes at this a part of air-flow is then more little, because when gas shock " pecker " part 13B surperficial, along with reducing of airspeed, energy loss will reduce.The airspeed that rushes at " pecker " part 13B is big more, and the area of steam outlet pipe 12 outlets 18 will be more little.Can determine that with test method it is 0.2 that minimum energy loss occurs in the fillet radius R that chooses " pecker " part 13B
～0.4
Situation under, the S here is the area of steam outlet pipe 12 outlets 18.As radius R less than 0.2
, then take place owing to form the big energy loss that vortex caused, and if radius R greater than 0.4
, then take place because the big energy loss that part 13B caused of gas shock " pecker ".
Have two stock air-flows from annular space 8 by the air-flow that annular space 11 flows into air chambers 4, wherein generally along the circumferential direction, and as another perpendicular to the plane of dividing plate 10 radially.So, the set of planes of the Sum velocity vector of the air-flow by annular space 11 and dividing plate 10 radially at an angle.Simultaneously, the direction of air-flow rotation is such, and it dashes to the edge 14C that extend into dividing plate 14 parts in the annular space 11, from a side of a side inflow air chamber 4 of annular space 8, and these a part of edge 14B flow out from dividing plate 14, also from a side of a side inflow air chamber 4 of annular space 8.
So, be produced on slope 20 on the edge 14C, be arranged to, and be produced on slope 19 on the edge 15B, be arranged to moving direction along effluent stream in annular space 8 one sides along the moving direction that pours air-flow in air chamber 4 one sides.Can guarantee to pour air-flow like this and effluent stream smootherly streamed edge 14B and 14C respectively, that is to say, can reduce the edge penalty on impact loss on the edge 14C and edge 14B.
That make according to this invention and be used for along the centrifugal compressor of the trunk pipeline pumping rock gas of gas, when 15 ℃ of initial air pressure 5.4 MPas and gas initial temperatures, under optimum condition, the rotating shaft rotational frequency that is had is 4800 rev/mins, flow be 235 cubic meters/minute, from the pressure of steam outlet pipe effluent air is 7.7 MPas, and desired power is 9600 kilowatts, and changeable efficient is 86%.In addition, the feature of compressor is to have wide economical operation district and high operational reliability.
Claims (6)
1, centrifugal compressor contains housing (1), steam outlet pipe (12) and the active wheel of in housing (1), settling in turn (2), Diffuser (3), the annular space (8) of Diffuser (3) outside that is limited by the shell wall inner cylindrical surface (9) of housing (1), and limited by the shell wall inner cylindrical surface (9) of housing (1) and compile air chamber (4) by annular space (11) with the annular that the annular space (8) of Diffuser (3) outside communicates, in addition, the inner chamber of steam outlet pipe (12) is the prolongation of annular space (8) on its tangent direction that annular is compiled air chamber and Diffuser (3) outside, and the inner cylindrical surface (9) of the internal surface of steam outlet pipe (12) tube wall and housing (1) shell wall forms " pecker " (13a, 13B), the characteristics of this centrifugal compressor are, longitudinal baffle (14) is installed in the inner chamber of steam outlet pipe (12), the part of longitudinal baffle stretches between the annular space (8) of Diffuser (3) outside and annular compiles annular space (11) between the air chamber (4), and annular space (8) and annular in Diffuser (3) outside are compiled on the section of air chamber (4) and steam outlet pipe (12) smooth connection, annular space and ring-shaped air chamber is separated from one another, simultaneously, the part inner chamber (15) that is positioned at the steam outlet pipe (12) of longitudinal baffle (14) one sides is the prolongation of the annular space (8) of Diffuser (3) outside, and the part inner chamber (16) that is positioned at the steam outlet pipe (12) of longitudinal baffle (14) opposite side is the prolongation that annular is compiled air chamber (4).
2, according to claim 1, the characteristics of this centrifugal compressor are, edge (14d) at the longitudinal baffle (14) of steam outlet pipe (12) outlet (18) one sides will be placed like this, make the position at (14d) place at this edge, the cross sectional area of inner chamber part (16) that compiles the steam outlet pipe (12) of air chamber (4) prolongation as annular will surpass 2～5 times as steam outlet pipe (12) inner chamber part (15) cross sectional area of Diffuser (3) outside annular space (8) prolongation.
3, according to claim 1 or 2, the characteristics of this centrifugal compressor are, inner cylindrical surface (9) with housing (1) shell wall, " pecker " that formation is positioned at Diffuser (3) annular space outside (8) opposite be the part internal surface of the steam outlet pipe of (13a) (12) tube wall partly, be positioned at be compressed working medium from Diffuser (3) to should " ancient shape portion " partly on the section of (13a), on the tangent direction of the track that moves.
4, according to claim 3, the characteristics of this centrifugal compressor are, Diffuser (3) is made becomes vane diffuser, and form " pecker " steam outlet pipe of (13a) (12) the inner surface of tube wall part partly be positioned at Diffuser (3) annular space (8) opposite with housing (1) shell wall inner cylindrical surface (9), be positioned at and plane Q group plane P at an angle, this angle equals the exit angle (α of Diffuser (3) blade (5)
4), and plane Q tangential along the cylndrical surface (7) of determining Diffuser (3) outer diameter, by this cylndrical surface (7) intersection with plane P, the inner surface portion of above-mentioned steam outlet pipe (12) is positioned at plane P.
5, according to each of claim 1～4, the characteristics of this centrifugal compressor are, formation is positioned at " pecker " that annular compiles air chamber (4) opposite partly the part internal surface of the steam outlet pipe of (13a) (12) tube wall and part inner cylindrical surface (9) of housing (1) shell wall, and (R) equals 0.2～0.4 with fillet radius
Curve smooth connection in addition, the S here is the area of steam outlet pipe (12) outlet (18).
6, according to claim 1, the characteristics of this centrifugal compressor are, connect Diffuser (3) annular space outside (8) and annular and compile on the part longitudinal baffle in the annular space (11) that air chamber (4) communicates extending into, two opposed edges (14B of longitudinal baffle (14), 14C) has slope (19,20), and be positioned at " pecker " (13a, 13B) edge of a side (14B) has slope (19) in a side of Diffuser (3) annular space (8), has slope (20) and be positioned at a side of the edge (14C) of an opposite side compiling air chamber (4) in annular.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107735 CN1059959A (en) | 1990-09-15 | 1990-09-15 | Centrifugal compressor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107735 CN1059959A (en) | 1990-09-15 | 1990-09-15 | Centrifugal compressor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1059959A true CN1059959A (en) | 1992-04-01 |
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ID=4880686
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107735 Pending CN1059959A (en) | 1990-09-15 | 1990-09-15 | Centrifugal compressor |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN1059959A (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1074095C (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 2001-10-31 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Centrifugal fluid machine |
| CN102536911A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-07-04 | 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 | Air cycle machine compressor diffuser |
| CN103443472A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2013-12-11 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Scroll shape of centrifugal compressor |
| CN104040185A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2014-09-10 | 株式会社Ihi | Centrifugal compressor |
| CN113323916A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-08-31 | 日立环球生活方案株式会社 | Blower and washing machine |
-
1990
- 1990-09-15 CN CN 90107735 patent/CN1059959A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1074095C (en) * | 1993-10-18 | 2001-10-31 | 株式会社日立制作所 | Centrifugal fluid machine |
| CN102536911A (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-07-04 | 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 | Air cycle machine compressor diffuser |
| US8851835B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2014-10-07 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Air cycle machine compressor diffuser |
| CN102536911B (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2015-06-03 | 哈米尔顿森德斯特兰德公司 | Air cycle machine compressor diffuser |
| US9976568B2 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2018-05-22 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Air cycle machine compressor diffuser |
| CN103443472A (en) * | 2011-03-25 | 2013-12-11 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Scroll shape of centrifugal compressor |
| US9366265B2 (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2016-06-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. | Scroll shape of centrifugal compressor |
| CN104040185A (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2014-09-10 | 株式会社Ihi | Centrifugal compressor |
| CN104040185B (en) * | 2012-01-23 | 2017-02-22 | 株式会社 Ihi | Centrifugal compressor |
| US9897110B2 (en) | 2012-01-23 | 2018-02-20 | Ihi Corporation | Centrifugal compressor |
| CN113323916A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-08-31 | 日立环球生活方案株式会社 | Blower and washing machine |
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