CN105991426A - Method and device for managing link in load sharing - Google Patents
Method and device for managing link in load sharing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105991426A CN105991426A CN201510096102.2A CN201510096102A CN105991426A CN 105991426 A CN105991426 A CN 105991426A CN 201510096102 A CN201510096102 A CN 201510096102A CN 105991426 A CN105991426 A CN 105991426A
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- load sharing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for managing links in load sharing. The method comprises the steps that network equipment switches traffic to an (i+1)th load sharing link when an ith load sharing link currently used by an output interface of the network equipment is abnormal, and the traffic is forwarded to a target network by using the (i+1)th load sharing link, wherein i is an positive integer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, particularly relate to management method and the device of a kind of load sharing link.
Background technology
Field of data communication, especially Deta bearer net, load sharing is a kind of on apparatus for network node,
Carrying out strategy and the method for load balancing on multilink, the most this strategy process sets in network data
Standby use is more and more frequent.And use therewith frequent, increasing problem comes out, need number
Go to solve by rational method according to developer.
The wherein aborted of load sharing link, as in load sharing a link by artificial maloperation
Light light module in shutdown, or link damages, and the demand of the Fast Convergent of link is more and more stronger
Strong.And the method realizing load sharing convergence of main flow has two kinds the most both at home and abroad: 1, one is by agreement
Discovery link is abnormal, re-forms link load sharing.Such as, the IP route formed by route is negative
Lotus is shared, and after being found to have link down, updates platform and shares with forwarding face route formation routing load；
By LACP, (Link Aggregation Control Protocol, link aggregation controls association to link aggregation
View) find and formed and the forward-path updating in link aggregation.2, by testing mechanism, such as:
BFD (Bidirectional Forwarding Detection, two-way detecting agreement), OAM (Operation
Administration and Maintenance, operation management and maintenance) etc. chain circuit detecting method detection link
Connectedness, find that link is abnormal and quickly switch.
Above-mentioned 2 kinds of mode load sharings convergence is required for depending on protocol aware, and then, notice forwards mould
Block reselects active path and forwards, and restrains technology by this load sharing, is either concentrating
On formula equipment or distributed apparatus, accomplish that convergence is all highly difficult in 50ms.
Fig. 1 is the networking schematic diagram of network of the prior art.As it is shown in figure 1, the IP of network a:
100.1.1.2 the IP:200.1.1.2 with network b communicates, and centre is looked into routing table through network equipment a and sent out
Existing n bar is routed to network b.Realize shown in flow process according to current forwarding face, when logical on network equipment a
The when that past network b having link to occur abnormal, the routing module of platform can occur path to switch, and path is cut
Change raw after, at once routing update can't be come, thus cause again restraining this of renewal in route
In the section time, owing to routing update is not fully complete, substantial amounts of E-Packeting is caused to abandon.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides management method and the device of a kind of load sharing link, solve the technical problem that
It is how to reduce the quantity of packet loss when link switching.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that
A kind of management method of load sharing link, including: when the outgoing interface of the network equipment is currently used
I-th load sharing link when occurring abnormal, flow switch is born by the described network equipment to i+1 bar
Lotus sharing link, and use i+1 bar load sharing link that described flow is forwarded to purpose network, its
Middle i is positive integer.
Wherein, the described network equipment by before flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link, described side
Method also includes: it is the most normal that the described network equipment detects described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency；As
The most described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is normal, and the most described network equipment triggers and arrived by flow switch
The operation of i+1 bar load sharing link.
Wherein, the described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency of described network equipment detection the most normally includes:
The described network equipment obtains i-th load sharing link in the routing policy prestored corresponding first
Random value, increases by one by the numerical value of described first random number, obtains the second random value, utilize described second
Random value and load sharing number of links carry out modular arithmetic, obtain described second random value negative prestore
The key assignments that lotus sharing table is corresponding, obtains the shape of the outgoing interface that described key-value pair is answered in described load balancing table
State；If the state of described outgoing interface is for opening, it is determined that described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency
Normally, otherwise, it determines described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal.
Wherein, described method also includes: if described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal,
It is the most normal that the most described network equipment detects described the i-th+2 load sharing antenna efficiency.
Wherein, described load sharing link includes: routing load sharing link, tunnel load sharing link
With at least one in link aggregation load sharing link.
A kind of managing device of load sharing link, including: handover module, for when the network equipment
When currently used i-th the load sharing link of outgoing interface occurs abnormal, by flow switch to i+1 bar
Load sharing link；Transport module, is used for using i+1 bar load sharing link to be forwarded by described flow
To purpose network, wherein i is positive integer.
Wherein, described device also includes: detection module, is used for detecting described i+1 bar load sharing chain
Road work is the most normal；Trigger module, if normal for described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency,
Then trigger the operation of flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link.
Wherein, described detection module includes: acquiring unit, exists for obtaining i-th load sharing link
The first random value corresponding in the routing policy prestored；First computing unit, for by described first
The numerical value of random number increases by one, obtains the second random value；Second computing unit, is used for utilizing described second
Random value and load sharing number of links carry out modular arithmetic, obtain described second random value negative prestore
The key assignments that lotus sharing table is corresponding, obtains the shape of the outgoing interface that described key-value pair is answered in described load balancing table
State；Determine unit, if the state for described outgoing interface is unlatching, it is determined that described i+1 bar is born
Lotus sharing link is working properly, otherwise, it determines described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal.
Wherein, described detection module, if being the most just additionally operable to described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency
Often, described the i-th+2 the load sharing antenna efficiency of the most described network equipment detection are the most normal.
Wherein, described load sharing link includes: routing load sharing link, tunnel load sharing link
With at least one in link aggregation load sharing link.
The present invention provides embodiment, and no matter which bar link occurs abnormal the outgoing interface of the network equipment, flow meeting
Change to next link automatically and continue to be forwarded to purpose network up, thus realize do not affect agreement or
In the case of person's testing mechanism rediscovers link, carry out the purpose of link switching, reach load sharing,
The purpose of the Fast Convergent of link aggregation load sharing, solves the link generally existed in data equipment different
Time often, link convergence is slow, the problem that packet loss is serious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the networking schematic diagram of network of the prior art；
The schematic flow sheet of the management method of the load sharing link that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention；
The flow process signal of the management method of the load sharing link that Fig. 3 provides for application example of the present invention
Figure；
The networking schematic diagram of the network that Fig. 4 provides for the present invention；
The structural representation of the managing device of the load sharing link that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete
The present invention is described in further detail for embodiment.It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting,
Embodiment in the application and the feature in embodiment can mutual combination in any.
The schematic flow sheet of the management method of the load sharing link that Fig. 2 provides for the present invention.Fig. 1 institute
Show method, including:
Step 201, occur different when i-th load sharing link that the outgoing interface of the network equipment is currently used
Chang Shi, the described network equipment by flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link；
Step 202, the described network equipment use i+1 bar load sharing link to be forwarded to by described flow
Purpose network, wherein i is positive integer.
The embodiment of the method that the present invention provides, no matter which bar link occurs abnormal the outgoing interface of the network equipment,
Flow can be changed to next link automatically and continue to be forwarded to purpose network up, thus realizes not affecting
In the case of agreement or testing mechanism rediscover link, carry out the purpose of link switching, reach load
Share, the purpose of the Fast Convergent of link aggregation load sharing, solve and data equipment generally exist
When link exception, link convergence is slow, the problem that packet loss is serious.
The embodiment of the method provided the present invention below is described further:
Wherein, the described network equipment by before flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link, described side
Method also includes: it is the most normal that the described network equipment detects described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency；As
The most described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is normal, and the most described network equipment triggers and arrived by flow switch
The operation of i+1 bar load sharing link.
Detection link is the most normal before the handover, it is ensured that flow switch can transmit after i+1 bar link
Go out, improve the effectiveness of switching.
Wherein, the described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency of described network equipment detection the most normally includes:
The described network equipment obtains i-th load sharing link correspondence in the routing policy prestored
First random value, increases by one by the numerical value of described first random number, obtains the second random value, utilizes described
Second random value and load sharing number of links carry out modular arithmetic, obtain described second random value and are prestoring
Key assignments corresponding to load balancing table, described load balancing table obtains the outgoing interface that described key-value pair is answered
State；
If the state of described outgoing interface is for opening, it is determined that described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency
Normally, otherwise, it determines described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal.
It should be noted that come by the way of will appear from the first random value corresponding to the link of fault and adding one
Determine i+1 bar link, meet the regulation of management agreement in prior art, it is not necessary in amendment prior art
Management process, can use the method that the present invention provides, compatible strong.
If it addition, described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal, the most described network equipment is examined
Survey described the i-th+2 load sharing antenna efficiency the most normal.
Specifically, if outgoing interface is for closing down, on the basis of the original random value obtained, add 1,
Purpose is directed to next load sharing entry.The number of links obtained from load-sharing strategy table adds
One, and remove set up good new load balancing table key assignments to look into load balancing table, circulation is gone down successively, until
Finding outgoing interface state is up's；If total interface is down, most endless-chain ways n
Secondary.
Wherein, described load sharing link includes: routing load sharing link, tunnel load sharing link
With at least one in link aggregation load sharing link.
Above-mentioned load sharing link explanation the most for example, other kinds of load sharing link in prior art
Being equally applicable to the present invention, here is omitted.
The method provided the present invention with concrete application example below is described further:
The flow process signal of the management method of the load sharing link that Fig. 3 provides for application example of the present invention
Figure.Shown in Fig. 3, method includes:
301: the data message come from network a is at the forwarding module of network equipment a, according in message
Destination ip search route, obtain the outgoing interface in routing table, next-hop IP, load divide
Load flag bit and load sharing index.Determine whether purpose IP route forms load sharing, if
It not that load sharing is with regard to going out that the down hop destination ip in encapsulated message is given from routing table
Interface sends out；
302: if walking load sharing, then the load sharing index according to being given in routing table goes to look into negative
Lotus shares routing policy table, from load sharing routing policy table obtain lead to purpose IP number of links with
And based on bag routing policy based on stream；
303: random value and number of links according to Policy Table's routing policy carry out modular arithmetic, calculate load sharing
The key assignments of table looks into load balancing table, obtains the outgoing interface in load balancing table and next-hop IP；
Above-mentioned steps is the basic procedure of load sharing processing, when load sharing link occurs abnormal when,
Normal handling process is waited for, and waits that platform forms new routing load and shares, but at this
During individual, walk to occur that the message of anomaly link can be abandoned by linkdown.The present invention is at original base
Improved on plinth, by forwarding face to do interface polls link occurs abnormal when, found interface down
After would not walk this link, the abnormality processing of interpolation is as follows:
304: according to interface shape in the outgoing interface information inquiry Way out port attribute table that load sharing obtains
State.Data mining technical staff can know, link is abnormal generally two kinds, be respectively as follows: 1,
Artificial by interface shutdown；2, physics components and parts damage suddenly in link, including fibercuts,
The situations such as optical module is abnormal.For the first situation, actively go to close (shutdown) interface, platform
Can by this information from platform to forward face transmission, and physics components and parts be the most extremely found by forwarding face and
Be reported to main control platform.For the second situation, routing load shares convergence can spend the more time.But
It is for the present invention, no matter is the first or the second situation, all can accomplish minimum not even packet loss
Convergence.Forwarding face obtains outgoing interface information from load balancing table, then uses outgoing interface information to find and connects
Mouth attribute list, obtains outgoing interface state from outgoing interface attribute list and opens/close (UP/DOWN).Sentence
If disconnected outgoing interface is up, then just obtain the outgoing interface in current loads sharing table and next-hop IP turns
Send out, if outgoing interface is down, on the basis of the original random value obtained, add 1, it is therefore an objective to point to
Next load sharing entry.The number of links obtained from load-sharing strategy table subtracts one, and by establishment well
New load balancing table key assignments goes to look into load balancing table, and circulation is gone down successively, until finding outgoing interface state
For up's；If total interface is down, most endless-chain ways n time.
The process of the present invention mainly occurs abnormal at link, and the feelings that new load sharing is also formed without
Process under condition, the handling process of 304 in flow process shown in Figure 3, recover again after new stable state is formed
Normal duty shares process, and exactly in the case of link is not up to stable state, walking interface is down
Message all will be dropped.The number of dropping packets is entirely and is determined by the convergence of load sharing.
Illustrate
It is suitable for the example 1 of the present invention: as it is shown in figure 1, network a to network b is through network equipment a
On have N bar routing load sharing link.Use the present invention, when network equipment a outgoing interface no matter any bar
Link occurs abnormal, and flow can be changed to next link automatically and continue up to be forwarded to purpose network.Make
Can improve greatly for the similar network route stability and security with networking 1 by the present invention.
It is suitable for the example 2 of the present invention: as it is shown in figure 1, network a to network b is through network equipment a
On have N bar tunnel load sharing link.Use the present invention, only will obtain outgoing interface from routing table
Information changes acquisition outgoing interface information from label list into.When network equipment a outgoing interface, no matter which bar link goes out
Now abnormal, flow can be changed to next link automatically and continue up to be forwarded to purpose network.Use this
The bright network tunnel stability and security that can improve greatly for similar and networking 1.
The networking schematic diagram of the network that the example 3: Fig. 4 of the applicable present invention provides for the present invention.Such as Fig. 4
Shown in, network a to network b through the network equipment a arrival network equipment b be one by N bar chain
Smartgroup (link aggregation) link of road polymerization, N bar physical link forms smartgroup and bears
Lotus is shared.Using the present invention, obtaining outgoing interface from routing table is smartgroup interface, then turns
Fermentation looks into smartgroup routing policy table and load balancing table acquisition of information outgoing interface information.Work as chain
The when of the exception of road, equally carry out the present invention and carry out interface poll check.
The structural representation of the managing device of the load sharing link that Fig. 5 provides for the present invention.In conjunction with figure
Method shown in 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 5 shown device, including:
Handover module 501, for when currently used i-th the load sharing chain of the outgoing interface of the network equipment
When road occurs abnormal, by flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link；
Transport module 502, is used for using i+1 bar load sharing link that described flow is forwarded to purpose
Network, wherein i is positive integer.
Wherein, described device also includes:
Detection module, is used for detecting described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency the most normal；
Trigger module, if normal for described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency, then triggering will stream
Cut-to-measure changes to the operation of i+1 bar load sharing link.
Wherein, described detection module includes:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining i-th load sharing link correspondence in the routing policy prestored
The first random value；
First computing unit, for the numerical value of described first random number is increased by one, obtains the second random value；
Second computing unit, is used for utilizing described second random value and load sharing number of links to carry out modular arithmetic,
Obtain described second random value at key assignments corresponding to the load balancing table prestored, at described load sharing
Table obtains the state of the outgoing interface that described key-value pair is answered；
Determine unit, if the state for described outgoing interface is unlatching, it is determined that described i+1 bar is born
Lotus sharing link is working properly, otherwise, it determines described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal.
Wherein, described detection module, if being the most just additionally operable to described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency
Often, described the i-th+2 the load sharing antenna efficiency of the most described network equipment detection are the most normal.
Wherein, described load sharing link includes: routing load sharing link, tunnel load sharing link
With at least one in link aggregation load sharing link.
The device embodiment that the present invention provides, no matter which bar link occurs abnormal the outgoing interface of the network equipment,
Flow can be changed to next link automatically and continue to be forwarded to purpose network up, thus realizes not affecting
In the case of agreement or testing mechanism rediscover link, carry out the purpose of link switching, reach load
Share, the purpose of the Fast Convergent of link aggregation load sharing, solve and data equipment generally exist
When link exception, link convergence is slow, the problem that packet loss is serious.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step of above-described embodiment can make to use tricks
Calculation machine program circuit realizes, and described computer program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium,
Described computer program performs (such as system, unit, device etc.) on corresponding hardware platform,
Upon execution, including one or a combination set of the step of embodiment of the method.
Alternatively, all or part of step of above-described embodiment can also use integrated circuit to realize, this
A little steps can be fabricated to integrated circuit modules one by one respectively, or by the multiple modules in them or
Step is fabricated to single integrated circuit module and realizes.So, the present invention is not restricted to any specific hard
Part and software combine.
Each device/functional module/functional unit in above-described embodiment can use general calculating device
Realizing, they can concentrate on single calculating device, it is also possible to is distributed in multiple calculating device institutes group
On the network become.
Each device/functional module/functional unit in above-described embodiment realizes with the form of software function module
And during as independent production marketing or use, can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.
Computer read/write memory medium mentioned above can be read only memory, disk or CD etc..
The above, the only detailed description of the invention of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
In this, any those familiar with the art, can be easily in the technical scope that the invention discloses
Expect change or replace, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection of the present invention
Scope should be as the criterion with the protection domain described in claim.
Claims (10)
1. the management method of a load sharing link, it is characterised in that including:
When i-th load sharing link that the outgoing interface of the network equipment is currently used occurs abnormal, described
Flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link, and is used i+1 bar load sharing chain by the network equipment
Described flow is forwarded to purpose network by road, and wherein i is positive integer.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described network equipment is by flow switch
Before i+1 bar load sharing link, described method also includes:
It is the most normal that the described network equipment detects described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency；
If described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is normal, the most described network equipment triggers flow
It is switched to the operation of i+1 bar load sharing link.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described network equipment detection described the
I+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency the most normally includes:
The described network equipment obtains i-th load sharing link correspondence in the routing policy prestored
First random value, increases by one by the numerical value of described first random number, obtains the second random value, utilizes described
Second random value and load sharing number of links carry out modular arithmetic, obtain described second random value and are prestoring
Key assignments corresponding to load balancing table, described load balancing table obtains the outgoing interface that described key-value pair is answered
State；
If the state of described outgoing interface is for opening, it is determined that described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency
Normally, otherwise, it determines described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal.
The most according to the method in claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
If described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal, the detection of the most described network equipment is described
The i-th+2 load sharing antenna efficiency are the most normal.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described load sharing link includes:
In routing load sharing link, tunnel load sharing link and link aggregation load sharing link at least one
Individual.
6. the managing device of a load sharing link, it is characterised in that including:
Handover module, for going out when i-th load sharing link that the outgoing interface of the network equipment is currently used
Now during exception, by flow switch to i+1 bar load sharing link；
Transport module, is used for using i+1 bar load sharing link that described flow is forwarded to purpose network,
Wherein i is positive integer.
Device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described device also includes:
Detection module, is used for detecting described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency the most normal；
Trigger module, if normal for described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency, then triggering will stream
Cut-to-measure changes to the operation of i+1 bar load sharing link.
Device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described detection module includes:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining i-th load sharing link correspondence in the routing policy prestored
The first random value；
First computing unit, for the numerical value of described first random number is increased by one, obtains the second random value；
Second computing unit, is used for utilizing described second random value and load sharing number of links to carry out modular arithmetic,
Obtain described second random value at key assignments corresponding to the load balancing table prestored, at described load sharing
Table obtains the state of the outgoing interface that described key-value pair is answered；
Determine unit, if the state for described outgoing interface is unlatching, it is determined that described i+1 bar is born
Lotus sharing link is working properly, otherwise, it determines described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency is abnormal.
9. according to the device described in claim 7 or 8, it is characterised in that:
Described detection module, if it is abnormal, then to be additionally operable to described i+1 bar load sharing antenna efficiency
It is the most normal that the described network equipment detects described the i-th+2 load sharing antenna efficiency.
Device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described load sharing link includes:
In routing load sharing link, tunnel load sharing link and link aggregation load sharing link at least one
Individual.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510096102.2A CN105991426A (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Method and device for managing link in load sharing |
| PCT/CN2015/081354 WO2016138705A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-06-12 | Method and device for managing link in load sharing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510096102.2A CN105991426A (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Method and device for managing link in load sharing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105991426A true CN105991426A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
Family
ID=56848257
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510096102.2A Withdrawn CN105991426A (en) | 2015-03-04 | 2015-03-04 | Method and device for managing link in load sharing |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN105991426A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016138705A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108965025A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | The management method and device of flow in cloud computing system |
| CN113676405A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-19 | 上海晨驭信息科技有限公司 | Load sharing-based rapid link master-slave switching distributed system and method |
| CN114038181A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-11 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Remote debugging device and server |
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- 2015-03-04 CN CN201510096102.2A patent/CN105991426A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108965025A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-07 | 郑州云海信息技术有限公司 | The management method and device of flow in cloud computing system |
| CN113676405A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-19 | 上海晨驭信息科技有限公司 | Load sharing-based rapid link master-slave switching distributed system and method |
| CN113676405B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-10-14 | 上海晨驭信息科技有限公司 | Load sharing-based rapid link master-slave switching distributed system and method |
| CN114038181A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-02-11 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Remote debugging device and server |
| CN114038181B (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2023-05-12 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Remote debugging device and server |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2016138705A1 (en) | 2016-09-09 |
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Application publication date: 20161005 |