CN105990660B - Antenna, antenna system and communication device - Google Patents

Antenna, antenna system and communication device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105990660B
CN105990660B CN201510052086.7A CN201510052086A CN105990660B CN 105990660 B CN105990660 B CN 105990660B CN 201510052086 A CN201510052086 A CN 201510052086A CN 105990660 B CN105990660 B CN 105990660B
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antenna
radiation piece
substrate
radiating patch
radiation
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CN105990660A (en
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请求不公布姓名
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Kuang Chi Cutting Edge Technology Ltd
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Kuang Chi Cutting Edge Technology Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/072721 priority patent/WO2016119740A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

An antenna, an antenna system and a communication device. The invention provides an antenna, which comprises a first substrate, a second substrate, a first radiation piece and a second radiation piece, wherein the first radiation piece is arranged on the first substrate, the second substrate is arranged on the first radiation piece, the second radiation piece is arranged on the second substrate, grooves are formed in the first radiation piece and the second radiation piece, and the first radiation piece and the second radiation piece respectively comprise a first feed part and a second feed part.

Description

Antenna, antenna system and communication device
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular, to an antenna, and an antenna system and a communication device using the same.
Background
An antenna is an electronic device used to transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. The antenna is applied to broadcasting and television, point-to-point radio communication, radar, space exploration and other systems. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the field to which the antenna technology relates is becoming wider and wider. In many special applications, the requirements for antenna performance are also increasing. In modern communications, with the increase of the integration level of the communications system, the antenna to be used is required to have the characteristics of high gain, wide band or multiple bands, circular polarization, miniaturization, wide coverage, and the like.
However, in the prior art, when a multiband (for example, dual-band) antenna or a multiband circularly polarized antenna is required, different frequency bands are usually implemented by a plurality of feed ports and a plurality of antennas, in which case, in general, the output of one feed port needs to be processed by a subsequent set of signal processing devices, and a plurality of antennas are also required to respond to the antenna signals of different frequency bands, so that in the prior art, if the number of antennas is required to be increased, but if the number of antennas is increased, the mutual interference among the plurality of antennas is increased, thereby affecting the performance of the circular polarization, and at the same time, the structural design among the plurality of antennas is complicated, and the size of the final antenna is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of one or more aspects in order to provide a basic understanding of such aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects, and is intended to neither identify key or critical elements of all aspects nor delineate the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna including a first substrate, a second substrate, a first radiation sheet and a second radiation sheet, the first radiation sheet being disposed on the first substrate, the second substrate being disposed on the first radiation sheet, the second radiation sheet being disposed on the second substrate, the first radiation sheet and the second radiation sheet being both provided with slots, and the first radiation sheet and the second radiation sheet respectively including a first feeding portion and a second feeding portion.
In one example, the first radiation piece and the second radiation piece are both circular.
In one example, a center point of the slot on the first radiation piece coincides with a center of the first radiation piece.
In one example, the center point of the slot on the second radiation piece coincides with the center of the circle of the second radiation piece.
In one example, the first substrate and the second substrate are rectangular.
In an example, the slots provided on the first radiation piece and the second radiation piece are both elongated.
In one example, the direction of extension of the slot on the first radiating patch falls on a diagonal of the first substrate, and the direction of extension of the slot on the second radiating patch falls on a diagonal of the second substrate.
In one example, the direction of extension of the slot on the first radiating patch intersects the direction of extension of the slot on the second radiating patch.
In one example, the first feeding portion is located on a horizontal symmetry axis or a vertical symmetry axis of the first radiating patch, and the second feeding portion is located on a horizontal symmetry axis or a vertical symmetry axis of the second radiating patch.
In one example, the first and second feeding portions are coaxial feeding portions.
In one example, the first feed portion and the second feed portion are electrically insulated.
In an example, the second radiation piece has a size smaller than the second substrate, the first radiation piece has a size smaller than the first substrate, and the first radiation piece has a size larger than or equal to the second radiation piece.
In one example, the first substrate, the second substrate, the first radiation sheet, and the second radiation sheet are each planar.
In an example, the projection of the center of the second radiation piece on the first radiation piece coincides with the center of the first radiation piece, and the projections of the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis of the second radiation piece on the first radiation piece coincide with the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis of the first radiation piece, respectively.
In one example, the first substrate, the second substrate, the first radiation piece, and the second radiation piece are each convex or concave in shape.
In one example, the curvatures of the first substrate, the second substrate, the first radiation sheet, and the second radiation sheet are all the same.
In one example, an artificial microstructure is placed in the first substrate in either the horizontal or vertical direction inside.
In one example, an artificial microstructure is placed in the inner horizontal or vertical direction of the second substrate.
In one example, the shape of the artificial microstructures includes an I-shape, or a cross shape, or a snowflake shape, or a broken square shape.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an antenna system including a feeding port, an antenna and a combiner, wherein the antenna is the antenna, a first end of the combiner is connected to the feeding port, a second end of the combiner is connected to the first feeding portion, and a third end of the combiner is connected to the second feeding portion.
According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a communication device comprising the antenna system.
The antenna of the invention adopts the first radiating sheet and the second radiating sheet which are laminated, so that the volume and the size of the antenna can be reduced. The antenna of the invention can enable the two radiating sheets to respectively realize circular polarization independently without the help of the matching of other radiating sheets by arranging the slots on the first radiating sheet and the second radiating sheet and designing the proper positions of the two slots. Compared with the technical scheme that a plurality of antennas are required to be matched together to realize circular polarization in the prior art, the single antenna provided by the invention has the obvious advantage of low cost, and is simple in structural design and does not need complex structural design of the plurality of antennas. Meanwhile, by arranging grooves on both radiation sheets and designing proper positions of the grooves, the antenna can realize multi-frequency band, circular polarization, miniaturization, wide coverage and the like.
For clarity, a brief description of the reference numerals is given below:
10: antenna
11: first substrate 12: second substrate 13: the first radiation patch 14: second radiation sheet
15a: grooving 16: grooving 17: the first power feeding section 18: a second power feeding part
20: combiner 30: feed port
Drawings
The above features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood after reading the detailed description of embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the following drawings. In the drawings, the components are not necessarily to scale and components having similar related features or characteristics may have the same or similar reference numerals.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a feed portion of an antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows a voltage standing wave ratio plot of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 shows a gain profile of an antenna according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 shows an axial ratio graph of an antenna of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments. It is noted that the aspects described below in connection with the drawings and the specific embodiments are merely exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any way.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 2 shows a schematic top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the antenna 10 of the present embodiment may include a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, a first radiation sheet 13, and a second radiation sheet 14. The first radiation patch 13 is disposed on the first substrate 11. The second radiation patch 14 is disposed on the second substrate 12. The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are made of a dielectric base material. The first radiation piece 13 and the second radiation piece 14 are made of a conductive material, such as metal. The radiation sheet can be in the form of a patch or a plated layer etched by photolithography. Each radiation patch and its corresponding substrate form a receiving and transmitting path. In this embodiment, the two combining units are further combined into an antenna in a superimposed manner. In other words, the second substrate 12 is disposed on the first radiation sheet 13. The antenna of the invention adopts the first radiating sheet and the second radiating sheet which are laminated, so that the volume and the size of the antenna can be reduced.
In this embodiment, in order to realize circular polarization of the antenna, a geometric perturbation method is adopted, and degenerate mode operation of 90 ° phase difference of two orthogonal polarizations is generated by using a degenerate mode separating element. Structurally, the first radiation piece 13 is provided with a slot 15. Similarly, the second radiation piece 14 is provided with a slot 16. The advantage of achieving circular polarization by means of geometrical perturbation is that the first radiating patch 13 and the second radiating patch 14 may have only one feed.
Referring to fig. 3, the first radiation sheet 13 has a first feeding portion 17, and the second radiation sheet 14 has a second feeding portion 18. The first power feeding portion 17 and the second power feeding portion 18 may input a signal to be transmitted or output a received signal, respectively.
The first feeding portion 17 needs to be located on the horizontal symmetry axis X1 or the vertical symmetry axis Y1 of the first radiation piece 13. The second feeding portion 18 needs to be located on the horizontal symmetry axis X2 or the vertical symmetry axis Y2 of the second radiation sheet 14. As shown with reference to fig. 3, as a specific example, the horizontal symmetry axes X1, X2 are on the same straight line, and the vertical symmetry axes Y1, Y2 are on the same straight line. In other words, the projection of the center point (in the figure, the center) of the second radiation piece 14 onto the first radiation piece 13 coincides with the center point (in the figure, the center) of the first radiation piece 13, and the projections of the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis of the second radiation piece 14 onto the first radiation piece 13 coincide with the horizontal symmetry axis and the vertical symmetry axis of the first radiation piece 13, respectively. The first feeding portion 17 is located on the vertical symmetry axis Y1 of the first radiation sheet 13, and the second feeding portion 18 is located on the horizontal symmetry axis X2 of the second radiation sheet 14. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the relative positions of the first power feeding portion 17 and the second power feeding portion 18 on the horizontal plane (the plane of the paper in fig. 3), as long as the first power feeding portion 17 and the second power feeding portion 18 can each draw out a transmission line (not shown in the drawing) in engineering.
The first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are preferably rectangular in shape, but other shapes are also possible. The first radiation piece 13 and the second radiation piece 14 are preferably circular with grooves. It will of course be appreciated that the first radiation piece 14 and the second radiation piece 14 may also be of other shapes. However, the first radiation piece 13 and the second radiation piece 14 are preferably identical in shape. Preferably, the first radiation piece 13 has a size smaller than that of the first substrate 11, and the second radiation piece 14 has a size smaller than that of the second substrate 12. The dimensions of the first radiation patch 13 are preferably greater than or equal to the dimensions of the second radiation patch 14, so as to ensure that the signal radiated by the first radiation patch 13 is not obscured by the second radiation patch 14 located thereon, an example of the dimensions of the first radiation patch 13 being greater than the dimensions of the second radiation patch 14 being shown in fig. 1.
Further, the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 may have artificial microstructures therein, such as conductive microstructures. The artificial microstructures within the substrate may be planar or three-dimensional structures having a geometry and may be placed horizontally and/or vertically within the substrate, also referred to as metamaterial microstructures. By providing artificial microstructures within the substrate, the dielectric constant of the substrate may be changed, thereby adapting to provide substrates with different dielectric constants. As specific examples, the shape of the artificial microstructures may include an i-shape, a cross shape, a snowflake shape, or a broken mouth shape. The thickness of the first substrate 11 may be smaller in size than the thickness of the second substrate 12.
In this example, the centre point of the slot 15 of the first radiation piece 13 coincides with the centre of the first radiation piece 13, and similarly the centre point of the slot 16 of the second radiation piece 14 coincides with the centre of the second radiation piece 14. Here, the slot 15 is shown by a broken line because it is blocked by the second substrate 12. In the example shown in the figures, the slots 15, 16 are each elongated, and the direction of extension of the slot 15 in the first radiation piece 13 falls on one diagonal of the first substrate 11, and the direction of extension of the slot 16 in the second radiation piece 14 falls on one diagonal of the second substrate 12. Further, the extending direction of the slot 15 in the first radiation piece 13 intersects, preferably perpendicularly intersects, the extending direction of the slot 16 in the second radiation piece 14.
The antenna of the present embodiment is designed to have dual frequency transmission and reception capabilities. For this purpose, the individual power feeds are electrically insulated in order to respectively input the frequency band signals to be transmitted into the respective unit or to output the received signals from the respective unit.
Preferably, the first feeding portion 17 is a coaxial feeding portion. Similarly, the second feed 18 is preferably a coaxial feed. And the interference of a feeding structure is reduced by adopting a coaxial feeding mode.
In the present embodiment, the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the first radiation sheet 13, and the second radiation sheet 14 may all be planar. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the first radiation sheet 13, and the second radiation sheet 14 may each be curved, for example, a convex shape or a concave shape. The first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the first radiation sheet 13 and the second radiation sheet 14 may have the same curvature, so that the structural layers 11 to 14 are bonded due to their similar three-dimensional shapes. In this embodiment, the first substrate 11, the second substrate 12, the first radiation sheet 13 and the second radiation sheet 14 may have a conformal concave shape or a convex shape, so that the antenna design may be made more compact, the planar size may be reduced, and the radiation area of the antenna, the radiation energy concentration, and thus the gain and coverage of the antenna may be increased by the conformal design of the curved surface.
Fig. 5 shows a voltage standing wave ratio graph of the antenna of fig. 1. Fig. 6 shows a gain profile of the antenna of fig. 1. Fig. 7 shows an axial ratio graph of the antenna in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 7, the antenna according to the embodiment of the present invention may achieve an axial ratio of 6 or less within ±50°. Referring to fig. 5 to 7, it can be seen that the antenna of the present invention can generate two circularly polarized frequency bands.
In the prior art, two antennas or even more antennas are required to form a dual-band or multi-band circularly polarized antenna, so that two or more sets of signal processing devices are usually required to process signals respectively during back-end signal processing, which obviously increases the volume, weight and cost of the device.
However, as shown in the antenna design of the present invention and the practical effect diagrams of fig. 5 to 7, a single radiation patch can achieve circular polarization effect, and has the advantages of dual band, high gain and good axial ratio performance.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 4, the antenna system of the present embodiment includes the antenna 10, the combiner 20, and the feed port 30 of the embodiment shown in fig. 1. The first end of the combiner 20 is connected to the feed port 30, the second end of the combiner 20 is connected to the first feed 17 of the first radiating patch 13 of the antenna 10, and the third end of the combiner 20 is connected to the second feed 18 of the second radiating patch 14.
The combiner 20 divides the input excitation signal into signals of a plurality of frequency bands, and outputs the signals to the feeding sections of the corresponding radiation patches of the antenna. The combiner may also be referred to as a splitter at this time, and accordingly, the antenna system is in a state of transmitting signals. The combiner 20 combines the received signals of multiple frequency bands to one feed port, and the antenna system is in a state of receiving the signals. For example, the combiner 20 in this embodiment is responsible for outputting the first frequency band of the excitation signal provided by the feeding port 30 to the first feeding portion 17 of the antenna 10 and outputting the second frequency band of the excitation signal to the second feeding portion 18 of the antenna 10. The combiner 20 is responsible for combining the frequency band signals from the radiation plates 13 and 14 together and outputting the combined signals to the feed port 30. For example, the second frequency band may have a higher frequency than the first frequency band, resulting in a combination of high and low frequencies.
In transmitting operation, the excitation signal enters the first end (in this case, the input end) of the combiner 20 from one feeding port 30, and is split into two signals after passing through the combiner 20, wherein one signal is provided to the first feeding portion 17 of the antenna 10 through the second end (in this case, the output end) and the transmission line, and the other signal is provided to the second feeding portion 18 of the antenna 10 through the third end (in this case, the output end) and the transmission line. In the receiving operation, the two received signals are transmitted from the first feeding portion 17 and the second feeding portion 18 to the second end (which is the input end at this time) and the third end (which is the input end at this time) of the combiner 20 through the transmission lines, respectively, enter the combiner 20 to be combined into one signal, and are output from the first end (which is the output end at this time) to the feeding port 30 to be processed by the subsequent receiving circuit.
Therefore, the invention only needs one feed port to output, only one set of signal processing device can be used, the structure of the antenna is greatly simplified, and the cost is reduced.
The circularly polarized antenna and the antenna system according to the embodiments of the present invention may be incorporated into a communication device.
The antenna has the advantages of low section, light weight, small volume, easy conformal and mass production, and can be widely applied to various fields of measurement and communication. The circularly polarized antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention has a wider application range, and can be applied to the fields of mobile communication, satellite navigation and the like. The circular polarized antenna has the following main advantages in practical application:
1) Any polarized electromagnetic wave can be decomposed into two circularly polarized waves with opposite rotation directions, for example, in the case of linearly polarized waves, two circularly polarized waves with opposite equal amplitude can be decomposed. Therefore, the electromagnetic wave with any polarization can be received by the circular polarized antenna, and the electromagnetic wave emitted by the circular polarized antenna can be received by the antenna with any polarization, so the circular polarized antenna is commonly adopted in electronic reconnaissance and interference;
2) The orthogonalization of the circular polarized antenna is widely utilized in applications such as communication, polarization diversity work of radar, electronic countermeasure and the like;
3) The rotation direction is reversed when the circularly polarized wave is incident to a symmetrical target (such as a plane, a spherical surface and the like), so that the circularly polarized antenna can inhibit rain and fog interference and resist multipath reflection in the fields of mobile communication, satellite navigation and the like.
The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (15)

1. The utility model provides an antenna, includes first base plate, second base plate, first radiation piece and second radiation piece, first radiation piece sets up on the first base plate, the second base plate sets up on the first radiation piece, the second radiation piece sets up on the second base plate, first radiation piece with the second radiation piece all is equipped with the fluting, the fluting on the first radiation piece with the fluting on the second radiation piece is direct alternately, and first radiation piece with the second radiation piece includes first feed portion and second feed portion respectively, first feed portion with the second feed portion all is coaxial feed portion, first radiation piece with the fluting that is equipped with on the second radiation piece all is rectangular shape, and the direction of extension of fluting on the first radiation piece falls on the upper left right lower diagonal of first base plate, the direction of extension of fluting on the second radiation piece falls on the upper right left lower diagonal of second base plate, the upper radiation piece and the fluting on the second radiation piece and the second radiation piece is crossed first radiation piece and the second radiation piece is located the second radiation piece, the second radiation piece is located in proper order, the second radiation piece is located the upper position of the second position, the second radiation piece is located the second position of the first radiation piece and the second position is located the second position on the first clock and the second position.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are each circular.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein a center point of the slot in the first radiating patch coincides with a center of the first radiating patch.
4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein a center point of the slot in the second radiating patch coincides with a center of the second radiating patch.
5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate are rectangular.
6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first feed and the second feed are electrically insulated.
7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first substrate, the second substrate, the first radiating patch, and the second radiating patch are each planar in shape.
8. The antenna of claim 2, wherein a projection of a center of the second radiating patch onto the first radiating patch coincides with a center of the first radiating patch, and a projection of a horizontal symmetry axis and a vertical symmetry axis of the second radiating patch onto the first radiating patch coincides with a horizontal symmetry axis and a vertical symmetry axis of the first radiating patch, respectively.
9. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the first substrate, the second substrate, the first radiating patch, and the second radiating patch are each convex or concave in shape.
10. The antenna of claim 9, wherein the curvatures of the first substrate, the second substrate, the first radiating patch, and the second radiating patch are all the same.
11. The antenna of claim 1, wherein an artificial microstructure is placed in an inner horizontal direction or a vertical direction of the first substrate.
12. The antenna of claim 1, wherein an artificial microstructure is placed in an inner horizontal direction or a vertical direction of the second substrate.
13. The antenna of claim 11 or 12, wherein the shape of the artificial microstructure comprises an i-shape, or a cross-shape, or a snowflake shape, or a broken notch shape.
14. An antenna system comprising a feed port, an antenna and a combiner, the antenna being the antenna of any one of claims 1 to 13, a first end of the combiner being connected to the feed port, a second end of the combiner being connected to the first feed, and a third end of the combiner being connected to the second feed.
15. A communication device comprising the antenna system of claim 14.
CN201510052086.7A 2015-01-30 2015-01-30 Antenna, antenna system and communication device Active CN105990660B (en)

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PCT/CN2016/072721 WO2016119740A1 (en) 2015-01-30 2016-01-29 Antenna, antenna system and communication device

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CN105990660B true CN105990660B (en) 2024-03-08

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CN103337694A (en) * 2013-06-06 2013-10-02 航天恒星科技有限公司 Patch antenna
CN203883115U (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-10-15 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Circularly-polarized antenna, circularly-polarized antenna system, and communication equipment
CN203733942U (en) * 2014-03-04 2014-07-23 温州海通通讯电子有限公司 Dual-band dual-polarized antenna for Beidou navigation positioning systems
CN204407503U (en) * 2015-01-30 2015-06-17 深圳光启高等理工研究院 Antenna, antenna system and communication equipment

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