CN105989389A - Two-dimensional code - Google Patents
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- CN105989389A CN105989389A CN201510072733.0A CN201510072733A CN105989389A CN 105989389 A CN105989389 A CN 105989389A CN 201510072733 A CN201510072733 A CN 201510072733A CN 105989389 A CN105989389 A CN 105989389A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-dimensional code. The two-dimensional code comprises a data coding area, a format information area, a correction pattern and a frame, wherein the data coding area is used for storing data code words and error correction code words; the format information area is used for storing format information and version information; the correction pattern is distributed in the data coding area and is used for correcting the data coding area; and the frame surrounds the data coding area, the format information area and the correction pattern and is used for protecting and positioning the data coding area, the format information area and the correction pattern. The two-dimensional code can be suitable for various shapes of network spaces which are reserved so as to be filled with the two-dimensional code, a non-network space and a composite space area of the two. Simultaneously, the two-dimensional code possesses high anti-distortion and fouling-resistance performance and is suitable for being decoded through using shooting, and an application field is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to information record and identification field, particularly relate to a kind of Quick Response Code.
Background technology
One-dimension code carrys out expressing information by the bar arranged in the horizontal direction, sky, and in the vertical direction is not expressed
Information, its capacity is extremely limited.Quick Response Code can in the horizontal direction with simultaneously expressing information on vertical direction, therefore
Compare one-dimension code, more information can be expressed in less area.Meanwhile, entangle by applying on Quick Response Code
Miscount method, also make the reliability of Quick Response Code be greatly increased.Quick Response Code can be divided into layer row's formula Quick Response Code and matrix form
Quick Response Code two class.
Layer row's formula Quick Response Code can be regarded as being piled up by multirow one-dimension code forming, and common are the PDF417 of the U.S.
Layer row's formula Quick Response Code.Matrix two-dimensional code is by matrix respective element position, with point (such as side's point,
Round dot or other shapes) appearance represent binary one, point occur without expression binary " 0 ".Point
Permutation and combination determine the meaning representated by matrix two-dimensional code, common are Japan QR code.Arrange with layer
Formula Quick Response Code is compared, and matrix two-dimensional code typically has higher density of encoding (i.e. codified under same homalographic
More data).
In existing Quick Response Code, there are the following problems, on the one hand, quick response matrix code, grid matrix code etc. two
Dimension code all uses square structure, and the region being used for printing Quick Response Code that in actual application, article are reserved is probably
Rectangle, if using foursquare Quick Response Code can significantly waste reserved coding region, causes under code capacity
Fall.On the other hand, close matrix code uses rectangle structure, but close matrix code is simply possible to use in contact type scanning
Recognition, is not suitable for using the mode of decoding of taking pictures, and needs special recognizing apparatus and recognition speed low, limits
Its range of application.
To sum up, need a kind of dimensional structure scalable badly and be easy to the Quick Response Code of recognition to solve the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
One of the technical problem to be solved is to need provide a kind of dimensional structure scalable and be easy to know
The Quick Response Code read.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, embodiments herein provides a kind of Quick Response Code, including: data are compiled
Code district, for storing data code word and error correction code word；Format information district, believes with version for storing format informations
Breath；Correcting pattern, is distributed in described data encoding district, for data coding region is carried out image rectification；Limit
Frame, surrounds described data encoding district, described format information district and described correcting pattern, for data encoding
District, format information district and the protection of correcting pattern and location.
Preferably, Quick Response Code also include being looped around described frame peripheral be left white district.
Preferably, the region that frame surrounds is the adjustable rectangle of length-width ratio.
Preferably, Quick Response Code includes that four storages have the format information district of identical content.
Preferably, format information district is positioned at the drift angle of the rectangle that described frame surrounds formation.
Preferably, format information district is according to the error-correction level arrangement format information in described data encoding district.
Preferably, correcting pattern is uniformly distributed in described data encoding district.
Preferably, correcting pattern includes symmetrical pattern.
Preferably, correcting pattern includes " ten " herringbone pattern.
Preferably, it is provided with figure and/or character while data encoding district does not block described correcting pattern；Preferably,
Described character include mouth, in, king, field, Shen, first, by, pass, U.S., sky, emerging, return, denier, three, river
Or eight.
Compared with prior art, the one or more embodiments in such scheme can have the advantage that or useful
Effect:
By using the Quick Response Code of the adjustable rectangular configuration of length-width ratio, Quick Response Code is enable to be applicable to various shape
Reserved dose the cyberspace of Quick Response Code, non-network space and both composite space regions.Simultaneously by tight
The structure design gathered and rational deployment, improve the utilization rate of the data storage areas of Quick Response Code.This Quick Response Code has
Having stronger anti-distortion and fouling resistance performance, applicable utilization is taken pictures and is decoded, and application is wide.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will illustrate in the following description, and, partly from description
In become apparent, or by implement technical scheme and understand.The purpose of the present invention and other
Advantage can be come real by structure specifically noted in description, claims and accompanying drawing and/or flow process
Now and obtain.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used for providing being further appreciated by of the technical scheme to the application or prior art, and constitutes explanation
A part for book.Wherein, the accompanying drawing expressing the embodiment of the present application is used for explaining this together with embodiments herein
The technical scheme of application, but it is not intended that the restriction to technical scheme.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Quick Response Code of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in the format information district of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is to utilize format information district to carry out the schematic diagram positioned；
Fig. 4 (a)-(d) is the mask schematic diagram in the format information district of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 5 is the correcting pattern schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 6 is the figure for personal settings and/or the character of the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, whereby to the present invention how below with reference to drawings and Examples
Application technology means solve technical problem, and the process that realizes reaching technique effect can fully understand and real according to this
Execute.As long as it should be noted that do not constitute conflict, in each embodiment in the present invention and each embodiment
Each feature can be combined with each other, and the technical scheme formed is all within protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the Quick Response Code of the embodiment of the present application, it can be seen that this Quick Response Code bag
Include data encoding district 11, format information district 12, correcting pattern 13 and frame 10.
Frame 10 surrounds what data encoding district 11, format information district 12 and correcting pattern 13 collectively constituted
Region.Preferably, the region that frame 10 surrounds is rectangle.Frame 10 is by the wide dark module structure of a module
Become, position and the scope of Quick Response Code can be limited significantly, user is played the effect of instruction, the most right
Its data encoding district 11, format information district 12 and correcting pattern 13 surrounded plays the effect of protection.
Frame 10 is also used for positioning during the recognition of Quick Response Code.Specifically, dark module is formed
Frame 10 in the boundary image of the Quick Response Code acquired in image recognition apparatus, long linear will be marked as
The boundary pixel of formula, by searching for long straight line in boundary image, can obtain the four edges of Quick Response Code frame,
May further determine that four summits of Quick Response Code frame by calculating the intersection point of adjacent edge.Quick Response Code is being carried out
The when of recognition, on the basis of the limit obtained and summit, set up coordinate system carry out other regions of Quick Response Code determining
Position.
In embodiments herein, Quick Response Code also includes being looped around the peripheral of frame and is left white district 14, is so knowing
When reading Quick Response Code, can more efficiently and accurately frame be positioned.
The length-width ratio of the rectangular area that frame 10 is surrounded is adjustable.By regulating the length and width of rectangular area
Than the requirement making Quick Response Code be adapted to different troughs.Specifically, the minimum square that frame 10 is surrounded
Usually one, the shape region length of side is the square area of 24 module compositions, and a maximum usually length of side is
The square area of 180 modules composition, is unfavorable for the depositing of information of Quick Response Code during less than smallest square region
Storage, will decline more than the utilization rate of memory space during largest square region.Within the above range, can be each
The mode that four modules are increased or decreased changes the long limit of rectangle and the length of broadside, accordingly, frame 10 institute
The shape of the rectangular area surrounded will change, and can be rectangle or square.Therefore, the application implements
The Quick Response Code of example can meet the requirement of different reserved area by the shape adjusting rectangular area, and then
Reserved area is utilized to limits to improve the quantity of information of Quick Response Code storage.In other preferred embodiments, make limit
The longitudinal edge of the rectangular area that frame 10 is surrounded is failed to grow up in its horizontal length of side, in this form to data encoding
Data in district are arranged to Quick Response Code be more conducive to recognition time be decoded.
Data encoding district 11 is for storing data code word and error correction code word.Wherein, preset according to code word data
Algorithm the object being actually needed record is encoded and the data message that obtains.This data message includes figure
Sheet, sound, word, signature, fingerprint etc. are any can carry out, by digitized, the information that encodes.Data encoding
The coding mode in district 11 includes letter mode, figure pattern, Chinese mode, byte mode and bit stream pattern
Deng, information capacity is higher than common bar code information capacity tens times.
Error correction code word is the error-correction level selected according to user, uses the error correction algorithm preset to carry out code word data
The data message that Error Correction of Coding obtains, i.e. a kind of redundancy of error correction code word.Currently mainly use
Reed-Solomon error correction algorithm, comprises the input data that part is original in its error correcting code exported.One
A length of 8 of Reed-Solomon code word, say, that Reed-Solomon error correction code word is up to 255
The form of kind, so when the sum of code word data and error correction code word is more than 255, code word data being carried out piecemeal,
Every block codewords is generated respectively error correction code word, and error correction code word is added to after same code word data.
Format information district 12 is for storing format informations and version information.Wherein, format information mainly includes number
The error-correction level used according to coding region 11.The capacity of the corresponding different error correction code word of different error-correction level.
Error correction code word is mainly used to correct two kinds of mistake, and one is to refuse read error, now the position of mistake code word
The most known.Another kind is to substitute mistake, now the generally the unknown of the position of mistake code word.Error-correction level is more
Height, the error correction code word formed is the most.The Quick Response Code of the embodiment of the present application uses four error-correction level, each
The capacity of the error correction code word corresponding to error-correction level is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 error correcting code word capacity
| Error-correction level | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Error correction code word accounts for total code word percentage ratio | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% |
Version information mainly includes line number and the columns forming Quick Response Code matrix.Two dimension due to the embodiment of the present application
The line number of code is adjustable with columns, so when actually used, the number that user can record as required
It is believed that the quantity of breath and reserved dose the cyberspace of Quick Response Code, non-network space and both composite spaces
The shapes and sizes in region, select line number and columns within the limits prescribed.When selected line number is with columns permissible
Consider the many factors such as the confidentiality of Quick Response Code, error-correcting performance and manufacturing cost and recognition cost, favorably
In producing high performance Quick Response Code for actual demand, and there is for user bigger motility.
Usually, a Quick Response Code includes multiple format information district 12.As it is shown in figure 1, a preferred reality
Executing in example, format information district is four, and it is identical that the most each format information district has stored piece of content
Format information and version information, thus can ensure that when one or the most several region are destroyed and produced
During breakage, such as, lack one jiao when Quick Response Code, lack two jiaos, scarce triangle, a scarce limit, middle absence of heart or overall dirt
During damage, as long as also a format information district remains intact, it is possible to read the complete form letter of Quick Response Code
Breath.Due to Quick Response Code the most often by destruction in various degree, so believing by arranging many parts of forms
Breath and version information, can improve the fouling resistance performance of Quick Response Code.
Further from figure 1 it appears that four format information districts are preferably provided at what frame 10 was surrounded
Four corners of rectangular area.Wherein, at each drift angle of the rectangular area that frame 10 is surrounded, by this
The skirt that mutually perpendicular two limits of drift angle and two other are respectively perpendicular with the limit of this drift angle becomes square
Format information district.Format information district is arranged at four drift angles of rectangular area, is conducive to Quick Response Code is being entered
When row identifies, reduce the complexity of searching algorithm, and then improve the speed and accuracy identified.Specifically,
After Quick Response Code identification equipment is by searching long straight line and determining frame 10 in boundary image, further with
On the basis of two limits of one drift angle of frame 10 (as shown in 121 in Fig. 1 and 122), at rectangle region
Two short lines (as shown in 123 in Fig. 1 and 124) vertical with these two limits respectively are searched in territory, by
Area in information format district is the least, so above-mentioned search procedure will be quickly completed.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation in the format information district of the embodiment of the present application.It can be seen that each format information
District all includes the memory area 20 of format information and surrounds the borderline region 21 of memory area 20.Wherein, limit
Boundary region 21 is surrounded by the dark module of a module width, as the dark module alignment of frame 10, has
It is beneficial to the quick location in region, the scope in format information district can be clearly defined simultaneously.Preferably, it is used for storing
The memory area 20 of format information is the square area being made up of 36 modules, stores the form letter of 36
Breath and version information.These 36 information include line number and the codeword information of columns, the root recording Quick Response Code matrix
The error-correction level information that the error correction code word obtained according to above-mentioned codeword information and data encoding district are used.Form is believed
Cease the concrete coding form with version information to be selected by user.
Further, each format information district carries out different rows according to different error-correction level to 36 information
Cloth stores, and shows the arrangement mode of a kind of format information, it can be seen that the arrangement of information in the embodiment of Fig. 2
And irregular, be conducive to improving the encryption performance of Quick Response Code.
Meanwhile, this format information district 12 with specific configuration form can also be in the recognition process of Quick Response Code
In the Quick Response Code that there occurs rotation is positioned, referring specifically to Fig. 3.Fig. 3 is carried out for utilizing format information district
The schematic diagram of location, an axis of foursquare Quick Response Code from the horizontal by α angle, when by frame to adopting
Collect to Quick Response Code code figure position time, can determine whether out that Quick Response Code code figure have rotated α angle, but it practice, this
Time there is multiple situation.If Quick Response Code have rotated α angle counterclockwise, then utilize the positioning result that frame is made
It is correct.If Quick Response Code have rotated the angle of 90 ° of+α counterclockwise, as shown in Figure 3, then the most former
The X-Y coordinate come has rotated to the position shown in dotted line, is originally positioned at the form at the A of the Quick Response Code upper right corner
The information area has also rotated to the position at B, but owing to Quick Response Code is foursquare, 90-degree rotation counterclockwise it
After can overlap with the Quick Response Code of original position, so now utilizing frame 10 cannot determine whether Quick Response Code there occurs
Rotate.Further, if Quick Response Code have rotated the angle of 180 ° of+α counterclockwise, merely with frame 10
Location just fails.In this case, need to determine, by two steps, the anglec of rotation that Quick Response Code is real: first pass through
Frame location determines the rotation angle α less than 90 degree.Next to appointing the format information district taken to be decoded.
Figure it is seen that owing to the information in format information district has specific arrangement mode, so working as Quick Response Code
When have rotated 90 degree, it is decoded being to obtain effective form according to Quick Response Code during normal placement by it
Information, when the information obtained is invalid, on the basis of rotation angle α, add 90 degree (for square two dimension
Code) or add 180 degree (for rectangle Quick Response Codes).Rectangle Quick Response Code be can be obtained by by once decoding
Correct direction of rotation, square Quick Response Code needs determine direction of rotation by repeatedly decoding..
In other examples, format information district can also be other shapes, such as rectangle.The application is real
The format information district executing example has storage and positioning function concurrently, and is arranged at four drift angles of rectangular area, compares
In prior art, improve the utilization rate to memory area.It is also to be noted that format information inserts form
Behind the information area, in addition it is also necessary to the form information area is carried out mask process.Four format informations in the embodiment of the present application
The mask that district is used is different, and as shown in Figure 4, wherein Fig. 4 (a) is the lattice being positioned at the Quick Response Code upper left corner
The mask schematic diagram of the formula information area；Fig. 4 (b) is the mask signal in the format information district being positioned at the Quick Response Code upper right corner
Figure；Fig. 4 (c) is the mask schematic diagram in the format information district being positioned at the Quick Response Code lower left corner；Fig. 4 (d) is for being positioned at
The mask schematic diagram in the format information district in the Quick Response Code lower right corner.Mask process is conducive to improving further Quick Response Code
Encryption performance.
Correcting pattern 13 is for carrying out image rectification to data coding region.From figure 1 it appears that correction chart
Case 13 is distributed in data encoding district 11, it is preferable that distribution is uniform, is conducive to improving the knowledge being stained code
Read efficiency.Correction to data coding region is primarily directed to distortion or geometric correction that is damaged and that carry out.Breakage is
When referring to Quick Response Code by destroying, the information that produces is imperfect or the situation such as loss, and distortion is then mainly when layout two
The uneven surface of dimension code, and adopting of causing of the out-of-flatness of the sampling image lens of the recognizing apparatus of Quick Response Code or curvature
Sampled images there occurs to draw and stretches.The basic skills of correction is first founding mathematical models, and according to confirmable known
Condition determines model parameter, the method then utilizing coordinate transform according to mathematical model, by the seat on sampled images
Punctuate is mapped in the correction chart picture determined according to mathematical model, finally according to sampled images grey decision-making (for
The image of binary conversion treatment is 0 or 1) determine the grey decision-making of each pixel in correction chart picture, it is typically based on interpolation method
Determine grey decision-making.
Correcting pattern is equivalent to the confirmable known conditions in said process.Correcting pattern is preferably symmetric graph
Case, the correcting pattern of embodiments herein includes cruciform pattern, as shown in Figure 5." ten " font corrects
Pattern is included nine altogether by the square that the length of side is that 5 modules form, the center line of its horizontal direction and vertical direction
Individual dark module, remaining as light module, " ten " font correcting pattern that composition is symmetrical.Wherein, correction chart
Case is preferably set to each edge by the foursquare form of odd number module composition.Odd number module composition is square
Shape has the central point (such as horizontal line and the intersection point of vertical curve of " ten " word figure) that center module is constituted, and
In hgher efficiency for positioning action of central point, is set to foursquare correction module and can save memory area
Space.
It should be noted that such scheme is preferred scheme, it practice, the correction chart of the embodiment of the present application
The structure of case can also be selected according to real needs by user, so being likely to occur that the length of side is 3 modules
Or the foursquare correcting pattern that the length of side is 4 modules.The position of correcting pattern is then according to the line number of Quick Response Code
It is determined with columns, so when utilizing correcting pattern to carry out image rectification, it is possible to achieve fixed fast and accurately
Position.
In other preferred embodiments, it is provided with figure in data encoding district, with also not blocking described correcting pattern
Shape and/or character (as shown in Fig. 1 15), for strengthening the personal settings of Quick Response Code.Fig. 6 shows
Some can be used to the character as personal settings, including mouth, in, king, field, Shen, first, by, close,
U.S., sky, emerging, return, denier, three, river or eight etc..
The two-dimension code structure of the embodiment of the present application is compact, makes full use of finite region and realizes several functions, improves
Region utilization rate.The Quick Response Code of the embodiment of the present application is conducive to improving recognition speed.By to difference in functionality district
Rational deployment, improves recognition speed based on corner recognition.
The Quick Response Code of the embodiment of the present application, when design uses, has provided the user more selectable space, can
To meet the many demands of user, either consider or from considering in appearance from performance, can set
Count out the product of richer individual character.
While it is disclosed that embodiment as above, but described content is only to facilitate understand the present invention
And the embodiment used, it is not limited to the present invention.Technology people in any the technical field of the invention
Member, on the premise of without departing from spirit and scope disclosed in this invention, can be in the formal and details implemented
On make any amendment and change, but the scope of patent protection of the present invention, still must be with appending claims institute
Define in the range of standard.
Claims (10)
1. a Quick Response Code, including:
Data encoding district, for storing data code word and error correction code word；
Format information district, for storing format informations and version information；
Correcting pattern, is distributed in described data encoding district, for data coding region is carried out image rectification；
Frame, surrounds described data encoding district, described format information district and described correcting pattern, for logarithm
According to coding region, format information district and the protection of correcting pattern and location.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Quick Response Code also includes being looped around
What described frame was peripheral is left white district.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the region that described frame surrounds is for long
Wide than adjustable rectangle.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Quick Response Code includes four storages
There is the format information district of identical content.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described format information district is positioned at described
Frame surrounds at the drift angle of the rectangle formed.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described format information district is according to described
The error-correction level arrangement format information in data encoding district.
Quick Response Code the most according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that described correction chart
Case is uniformly distributed in described data encoding district.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described correcting pattern includes symmetric graph
Case.
Quick Response Code the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described correcting pattern includes " ten "
Herringbone pattern.
10. according to the Quick Response Code according to any one of claim 1, it is characterised in that at described data encoding
It is provided with figure and/or character with not blocking described correcting pattern in district；Preferably, described character include mouth, in,
King, field, Shen, first, by, pass, U.S., sky, emerging, return, denier, three, river or eight.
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