CN1059881C - New process for producing flyash brick - Google Patents

New process for producing flyash brick Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1059881C
CN1059881C CN97118731A CN97118731A CN1059881C CN 1059881 C CN1059881 C CN 1059881C CN 97118731 A CN97118731 A CN 97118731A CN 97118731 A CN97118731 A CN 97118731A CN 1059881 C CN1059881 C CN 1059881C
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China
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brick
flyash
fly ash
lime
bricks
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CN97118731A
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CN1212244A (en
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易甡贤
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
    • C04B28/12—Hydraulic lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
    • C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
    • C04B2/104—Ingredients added before or during the burning process
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a new process for producing fly ash bricks, which belongs to the field of construction materials. Fly ash and limestone powder are proportionally mixed, and are calcined in a rotary kiln. Water is added to a kiln discharge material for moistening, and the kiln discharge material is rolled, is pressed for forming in a semi-dry mode, and is naturally cured and steamed. The heat quantity of the fly ash is used for burning lime, so coal is not used. The strength intensity of the bricks is enhanced by reinforcing rolling, and intensity obtained by steaming in high pressure or low pressure is replaced. The length, the width and the weight of the hollow bricks are the same as standard bricks, and the height is increased by about 1/3. The fly ash is directly carried to a brickyard from a storage yard. The quality and the cost of the product are both superior to those of burnt clay bricks, and the investment is lower than that of an old fly ash brickyard. No clay or coal is used, and the fly ash is recovered and used in a large quantity.

Description

Produce the novel process of flyash brick
The present invention relates to a kind of novel process of flyash brick.
At present, the materials for wall of China's buildings and structures is based on sintered clay brick, and about 600,000,000,000 of this brick was produced in the whole nation per year in 1996, consumption clay 7 billion cubic meters, by the minimum annular kiln of coal consumption, 6,000 ten thousand tons of consumption standard coals, not only consume ample resources, tie up a large amount of arable lands, also cause environmental pollution.For overcoming the disadvantage of producing this brick, China once developed the steam-cured flyash standard square in the 60 to 70's.Main purpose was the big and concentrated flyash (latter fails to obtain effective recycling) of recycling amount at that time.But the production cost height of this brick, poor product quality, the investment of founding the factory is big, can't replace sintered clay brick, thereby almost disappear to the eighties.
Task of the present invention is will provide a kind of to compare with sintered clay brick good product quality, the production technique of the flyash brick that production cost is low.
Task of the present invention is finished like this: flyash and limestone powder suitable proportion are mixed, send in the rotary kiln and burn, utilize the contained fixed carbon of flyash liberated heat when burning, make limestone powder be transformed into lime.To calcine the material that contains flyash and lime (being called flake) of gained then, poach through rolling, again through half-dried molded, is made hollow (also can be solid) adobe, again through natural curing (also available 1.3～1.5Kg/cm 2The vapor cure of vapour pressure) get product.
Because flyash contains fixed carbon, goes into rotary kiln jointly with limestone powder, utilizes the calorific value of flyash, and limestone powder is converted into lime powder.Basically without coal supply, significantly reduce brick making cost.In addition, burn the lime that and do not contain half-cooked material, lime intermingled quantity is reduced, both improved the intensity of brick, can reduce the cost of brick again.Flyash fixedly carbon is burnt, and improves the activity of flyash, and brick intensity is improved.Because the stone roller degree that is subjected to the reinforcement blank can improve the intensity of brick, needn't improve the intensity of brick by high-pressure steaming and cultivating, thereby available natural curing replacement high-pressure steaming and cultivating, significantly reduce investment and cost.In addition, natural curing also can be avoided steam-cured brick that occurs and brick bonding phenomenon, thereby reduces waste product, increases yield rate.Because natural curing can get high grade, so can be made into hollow brick.This brick length and width degree and weight and standard square are about 1/3 with, hollow rate, and promptly the aspect ratio standard square exceeds about 1/3.The advantage that had both possessed standard square can alleviate wall weight again, improves the efficient of building a wall.The disconnected rate of waist of brick is reduced, and promptly yield rate raises.The isodose blank, gained brick number can increase by 1/3, can reduce by 1/3 cost approximately.Because the flyash on fly ash in electric power plant stacking ground, water content are seldom, this technology directly loads and transports brick field therefrom, removes old technology to investment and operations such as ash transfer, dehydrations, thereby reduces investment and processing charges.The visual appearance of flyash brick is original just good than sintered clay brick.Therefore, this technology compares with sintered clay brick: good product quality, and cost is low, and without clay, without coal, save energy does not tie up the arable land.A large amount of flyash of recycling are turned waste into wealth.With old flyash brick technology ratio, invest less.
Elaborate with accompanying drawing below:
Fig. 1 is the production scheme of the solid standard square of former steam-cured flyash.Fig. 2 is a production scheme of the present invention.Fig. 3 is the structural representation with the monoblock fly ash hollow brick of explained hereafter of the present invention.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the half block fly ash hollow brick of explained hereafter of the present invention.Fig. 5 is the standard square structural representation.
Flyash contains fixed carbon, and ((8% seldom, individually up to 30%) is modern to be calculated with 10% 10～15%.Calorific value of coal is pressed Guo Te that formula Q=82C+aV, Q-thermal value (kilocalorie/kilogram), C-fixed carbon (%), V-volatile matter (%), a-design factor (tabling look-up).
Because of flyash does not have volatile matter, so the above-mentioned Q=82C that is formulated as.Q=820 kilocalorie/kilogram.Again this formula calculate the result than actual value height, the present is got Q=700 kilocalorie/kilogram.The calorific value that is 10t flyash equals 1t mark coal.
By 1978 " the national little cement technology economic target overviews " that in December, 1979, cement office of building material industry portion published, little rotary kiln firing silicate cement clinker, on average consuming coal is 0.254t mark coal/t grog.The coal consumption of lime calcining is lacked than grog certainly, and the present gets equal.Be 0.25t standard coal/t lime.That is 2.5t flyash/t lime.
In the flake, lime: flyash=1: 5～6 (weight ratio).That is to say that the calorific value of the flyash in the blank will be twice than lime calcining institute thermal losses.Introduce in the rotary kiln physics incomplete combustion only 1～2% by data, can fully the calorific value of flyash be provided out in the kiln thus.Need not spray into coal dust in addition, but for asking the interior thermal technology state of kiln stable, also be advisable to spray into a small amount of coal dust, preferably oil spout is for Coal powder spray.We can say and do not consume coal substantially.The cost of flyash brick mainly is a blank, secondly is steam.The cost of blank mainly is a lime.The cost of lime mainly is a coal.Therefore adopt this measure, just can reduce the cost of flyash brick greatly.
Find through test, at a certain temperature, Wingdale is converted into lime, required time is directly proportional with the cube in limestone block footpath.That is: D 1 3: D 2 3=t 1: t 2(D 1, D 2The piece footpath of-different lime, t 1, t 2-corresponding different lime piece footpath is converted into the required time of lime fully.)
For making the kiln discharge material not contain half-cooked lime.Need go into kiln with limestone powder.Find that through test the Wingdale in the different places of production under uniform temp, is converted into the speed difference of lime.So when formal production, need adjust fineness into the limestone powder of kiln.
It is 1/3 half-cooked that the lime that general shaft kiln is fired, product have.Use rotary kiln, it is half-cooked that product does not just have.Like this, the lime intermingled quantity in the flyash tile blank just reduces by 1/3.Thereby, reduced the cost of brick, also improved intensity.
With rotary kiln MgCO 3Burning till MgO has it long ago.About 800 ℃ of its minimum invert point.And CaCO 3Be converted into about 900 ℃ of the minimum temperature of CaO.Explanation low temperature in rotary kiln can burn and draw lime.Temperature is high more, and conversion rate is fast more, but can become the lime that overdoes 1200 ℃ the time, so, the rotary kiln lime calcining, temperature of charge with,＜1200 ℃ is prerequisite, under the prerequisite below 1200 ℃, temperature of charge is high more good more, is the best to be controlled at 1100 ℃.Control the highest material temperature in the kiln with the limestone powder volume of adjusting in the kiln material.Identical in the rotary kiln specification, to go under the kiln Wingdale fineness situation identical with the raw material fineness of burning silicate cement, the former unit-hour output is more than the latter certainly.Because kiln is a wet-process rotary kiln, and calcined lime is to use the dry method klining.For example, specification is the rotary kiln of 1.6/1.9 * 36M, 2.5～3t grog/h.Estimate calcined lime then＞＞3t lime/h.Modern with the equal calculation of the two unit-hour output.Produce in week continuously by three-shift, operation factor 80% is calculated, and such rotary kiln can get 2.3 ten thousand tons/year in lime.15.5 ten thousand tons of flakees can be got, 0.86 hundred million of hollow flyash brick can be made.By price in 1993 was 500,000 yuan/platform, added dust precipitator, established totally 70 ten thousand yuan/platform.As press old technology, single autoclave will 17, totally 170 ten thousand yuan.The present invention intends using natural curing without autoclave curing, singly saves investment of autoclave and just sets up more than the investment of rotary kiln, also economizes 1,000,000 yuan after the payment.
In addition, burn flyash, do not contain fixed carbon substantially, can improve the activity of flyash, brick intensity is improved.In addition, can generate some in kiln has the compound of the hydraulicity, also can improve the intensity of brick.More than be exactly one of content of the present invention, the plurality of advantages of promptly setting up rotary kiln.
Find that through test blank is only mixed thoroughly, without rolling, the intensity of brick with compare through rolling higher 4.5 times.Increase the rolling time, intensity doubles at most again.Formal situation of producing is: former rolling, and No. 30～40, grade of brick increases by one times of rolling time, and grade of brick rises to 70～No. 80, increases the rolling time later on again, and making the rolling time is initial three times, and brick intensity rises to more than No. 150.(more than be that normal pressure is steam-cured).
Above-mentioned explanation: increase the rolling degree of blank, can obviously improve the intensity of brick.Influence the rolling degree following each factor is arranged: wheel load, rolling time, bed thickness.
Theoretical supposition is: lime and water effect, form milk of lime, and milk of lime contacts with fly ash grain, produces new compound colloid at particle surface.Utilize rolling, the colloid that is wrapped in the fly ash grain surface peeled off, expose the fly ash grain surface again, in order to milk of lime more with it contact produce new colloid, colloid is many more, with after natural curing or vapor cure, crystallization produces intensity.Find in the test that rolling is of a specified duration, blank just seems and becomes wet, does not add entry in fact, illustrates that colloid is many.
Hold above-mentionedly, after flyash burns, do not have fixed carbon substantially, the active raising, brick intensity can improve.Lime in the blank does not have half-cooked part, promptly removes 1/3 CaCO less 3Impurity can improve the intensity of brick again.Producing some in the blank has the compound of the hydraulicity, can improve the intensity of brick.The intensity of brick can be guaranteed more than No. 150 like this.Make hollow rate like this and account for 1/3 brick, its intensity can be more than No. 100.Like this blank amount identical under, producing brick can be how 1/3.The cost of brick just can reduce about 1/3.With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4.L=240MM among the figure, B=115 MM, H=53 MMFig. 4 is the blind header of Fig. 3.Conveniently build a wall, need not split brick.Fig. 5 is the structural representation of standard square.
This hollow brick, its length and width and weight are identical with standard square.The advantage that so just possesses standard square.Highly exceed about 1/3.The efficient of building a wall just exceeds standard square 1/3.And alleviate the body of wall gross weight, significantly reduce the total cost of buildings or structures.This hollow brick has a face to seal not opening, does not make when building a wall mortar from the leakage of brick opening part, conveniently builds by laying bricks or stones, also prevents the mortar loss.This hollow brick height increases by 1/3, and it is disconnected to make brick be difficult for waist, has promptly improved the actual strength of brick, has also improved the yield rate of brick, has reduced the cost of brick.
Even the flyash brick of old technology, its visual appearance are just good than sintered clay brick.So brick of the present invention, quality is just good than sintered clay brick comprehensively.
Find through test: steam-cured flyash brick, steam some brick of back and cement mutually together, become waste product.Adopt the natural curing just not have this drawback, i.e. yield rate height, the cost of brick can reduce.
Find through test: one month brick of natural curing, the steam-cured brick of its intensity and normal pressure is identical.7Kg/cm 2The brick that vapour pressure is steam-cured, the brick height that the strength ratio normal pressure is steam-cured.1.3Kg/cm 2The brick that vapour pressure is steam-cured, the steam-cured brick of strength ratio normal pressure exceeds 30～40%, so available 1.3～1.5Kg/cm 2Vapour pressure substitutes 7Kg/cm 2Vapour pressure is steam-cured, to reduce the investment of steam-cured cost and autoclave.
Find through test: one month brick of natural curing, can ignore toward post shrinkage.And contraction is bigger in one week of steam-cured brick steaming back, and again through one week of natural curing, shrinking percentage can reduce to and ignore.So steam-cured sometimes brick is sold after the steaming immediately, the user is transported to the building site and builds by laying bricks or stones immediately again, at this moment, can produce the exceedingly high seam of body of wall.As adopt natural curing, just there is not this drawback.The brick of natural curing is than steam-cured brick thus, except that intensity is low (but reached more than No. 100, up to standard), other better quality.
The vapor cure that natural curing is compared economizes devaporation expense and steam-cured labour cost on the cost, especially significantly reduce investment.Such as autoclave, boiler, kiln car and track, steam pipe, relevant factory building etc.Only the finished product scene is long-pending increases by three times.Gains are offset by losses, and the back investment reduces a lot.
Old technology is mainly taken from high-pressure steaming and cultivating to the intensity of brick, and the present invention then mainly takes from the reinforcement rolling.Thereby cancel steam-curedly, cost is reduced, especially significantly reduce investment.This is one of characteristics of the present invention and advantage.
As require brick intensity greater than No. 100; Can reduce the hollow rate of hollow brick, even produce solid brick.As the difficult moulding of the half-dried pressure of hollow brick height 70mm, can reduce the hollow rate of hollow brick, also can reduce the height of hollow brick.
Old technology: the fly ash in electric power plant water is delivered to brick field through chute, take off a layer concentrated solution, make dehydration with vacuum hydroextractor again through the settling tank sedimentation.Investment is big, the processing charges height.The present invention uses instead from fly ash in electric power plant and uses shovel loader with stacking, and dump truck is transported into brick field, saves above-mentioned investment and expense, and after the gain and loss payment, investment has reduced, and cost has reduced.
Through test find whether mix gypsum in the blank, brick intensity is had no effect, so the present invention without gypsum, reduces investment and cost.
Find through test: blank is used 200kg/cm through abundant rolling 21.3kg/cm is used in the half-dried molded square test block of pressure 2Vapour pressure is steam-cured, and intensity reaches No. 220, and natural curing is 1 year again, intensity increases to No. 320, and this brick good endurance is described.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of manufacture method of producing flyash brick, with flyash, lime, water mixing in proportion, half-dried molded, it is characterized in that: earlier with flyash and limestone powder mixing in proportion, utilize the calorific value of the fixed carbon in the flyash, people's calcined by rotary kiln, make limestone powder become lime powder, to burn then material to add water-wet, rolling, half-dried molded, natural curing or low pressure steam-cured, adobe is made up of flyash and lime, the weight ratio of flyash and lime is 5-6: 1, to go in the kiln material, and the weight ratio of flyash and limestone powder is for being not more than 3: 1.
2, by the manufacture method of the described flyash brick of claim 1, it is characterized in that: steam-cured used air pressure is 0.13-0.15MPa.
CN97118731A 1997-09-21 1997-09-21 New process for producing flyash brick Expired - Fee Related CN1059881C (en)

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CN97118731A CN1059881C (en) 1997-09-21 1997-09-21 New process for producing flyash brick

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN97118731A CN1059881C (en) 1997-09-21 1997-09-21 New process for producing flyash brick

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CN1059881C true CN1059881C (en) 2000-12-27

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2502482T3 (en) 2003-10-03 2014-10-03 Newsouth Innovations Pty Limited Manufacture of items from fly ash

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