CN105987666A - Virtual positioning plate and building detection method with application of virtual positioning plate - Google Patents
Virtual positioning plate and building detection method with application of virtual positioning plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN105987666A CN105987666A CN201510097871.4A CN201510097871A CN105987666A CN 105987666 A CN105987666 A CN 105987666A CN 201510097871 A CN201510097871 A CN 201510097871A CN 105987666 A CN105987666 A CN 105987666A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual positioning plate which comprises a plate body with a geometric shape and a predetermined thickness. The virtual positioning plate has a first surface and a second surface which is different from the first surface. The first surface has a first calibration, and the second surface has a second calibration. The virtual positioning plate is arranged in a 3D laser scanning system and is arranged at the reference point of a building or the periphery of the building. Each measuring station scans the building and the virtual positioning plate of the reference point so as to obtain the point cloud data about the building and the virtual positioning plate of the reference point of each measuring station. Software receives and calculates the point cloud data about the building and the virtual positioning plate of the reference point, interprets the 3D coordinate of each point cloud, and taking the center position coordinate of the virtual positioning plate as the characteristic point which overlaps the building point cloud data of each measuring station so as to form the three-dimensional point cloud image and data of the building.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is that one is applied in three-dimensional laser scanning system be paved in and builds thing or its peripheral datum mark
Virtual location-plate.
Background technology
The digital three-dimensional imaging of object can use three-dimensional laser scanning system to complete.Three-dimensional laser scanner
Obtaining the cloud data of each of object, the numeral that this cloud data is construed as this object is stood by back-end software
Body image.Attribute according to object is different, selects different three-dimensional laser scanners and software.About
The digital three-dimensional imaging building the large spaces such as thing (building, historic site, ruins, archaeology site) in kind need to be adopted
Reach (LiDAR) with the ground load light in three-dimensional laser scanning system to reach.The condition of itself is reached because ground carries light
Limit and because of build thing entity space excessive, excessively complicated, partly build thing entity covered by other thing or
The impact of peripheral environment factor etc., ground load light reaches when execution is large-scale builds thing scanning and typically requires two even
Plural survey station just can carry out complete scanning, and the settlement of survey station lays respectively at builds what beyond the region of objective existence enclosed
Different azimuth, software obtain each survey station cloud data after, need to by the Point-clouds Registration of each survey station with
Integrate out complete 360 degree point cloud chart picture, point cloud chart picture and data can be done by other auxiliary software again
Many different files are changed and are done different application.Software needs when splicing the cloud data of each survey station
Could be the most involutory by several datum marks, datum mark builds thing itself or its periphery by being arranged on
Multiple characteristic bodies are constituted, and spatial digitizer is built while thing the most in the lump by datum mark in the scanning of each survey station
Scanning is come in.
One of difficulty that datum mark is set up is that it arranges position, but this difficulty can be had by training
The professional of element achieves a solution after prospecting at the scene.
Can not damage when the two of the difficulty that datum mark is set up are to arrange characteristic body build thing itself or its outside
Enclosing, in other words, it " can not be fixed " by characteristic body with external force means (such as following closely solid, locking ...)
Datum mark;Particularly build thing itself and belong to historic site, ruins, archaeology site etc., with external force by characteristic body
It is fixed on datum mark to make to build thing and suffer that secondary destroys;In addition, some build thing (such as bridge,
Bridge pier, tunnel ...) structure far more precise, if arranging characteristic body with external force means in datum mark, can
Can undermine and build the supporting force of thing, dynamic balance, loading, shearing, camber etc..
The three of the difficulty that datum mark is set up are, if building thing monitoring need to carry out first respectively at different time
Secondary, for the second time, the 3 D laser scanning of third time etc. and cloud data (such as Bridge Crack prison when setting up
Survey ...), datum mark each time is the most identical, so could pass through software reconstruction and calculate and build thing
Variable;If but can not be with external force means fixed character thing, or can not be with external force means in ground
Face or object plane stay record vestige to be preserved by primary datum mark, then for the second time, for the third time
The datum mark set up for the first time how is made to reappear during scanning?
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of virtual location-plate, this virtual location-plate can solve above-mentioned difficulties point two with
Three.
The virtual location-plate that the present invention provides includes the plate body of a geometry, predetermined thickness, and this is virtual
Location-plate has different first surface and second surface;This first surface has multiple color lump, this color
Block is made up of the coatings that can be scanned by three-dimensional laser scanner;The plurality of color lump composition is passed through
One first datum line of the central point of this virtual location-plate and one second datum line, this first datum line and
Second datum line right angle intersection is in the central point of this virtual location-plate.This first surface also comprises with in this
Heart point is one first heart circle in the center of circle, and this first heart is round and passes through its interior first datum line and second
Datum line forms the first calibration of this first surface;This second surface has two color lumps, this color lump by
The coatings that can be scanned by three-dimensional laser scanner is constituted, and these two color lumps are in this second surface
Form second heart circle with the central point of this virtual location-plate as the center of circle, the central point of this second heart circle
Having a cross silk thread mark, this second heart circle and this cross silk thread mark constitute the second of this second surface
Calibration.
Further, this first heart circle and second heart circle are transparent region.
Further, the material of this virtual location-plate is including but not limited to plastics, metal.This is virtual
The thickness of location-plate is including but not limited to 1mm~4mm.The contour shape of this virtual location-plate can be square
Shape, circle or various geometry.The overall size of this virtual location-plate can be according to being actually needed decision.
Further, the color lump of this first surface includes at least two the first color lump and at least two
Second color lump;This first color lump and this second color lump interlaced arrangement in this first surface, this first color lump
Can be light color system or white color system, the colour system of this second color lump be the contrast colour system of this first color lump.
Further, the color lump of this first surface be shaped as rectangle, quantity is four.Each color
The shape of block, area are identical.
Further, the color of this second heart circle is light color system or white color system, and colour system about is
The contrast colour system of this second heart circle, in order to highlight this second heart circle.
Further, this coating is high reflectance coating.
Present invention also offers this virtual location-plate of a kind of application builds object detecting method, including following step
Rapid:
Build thing to one and carry out the inspection of the scene of a crime, to confirm survey station position and the survey that three-dimensional laser scanner should set
Stand number;
According to each survey station position and the scanning angle of three-dimensional laser scanner, build thing and/or this is built in this
The periphery of thing sets multiple scanning datum marks;
In this each scanning datum mark horizontal positioned or upright placement one this virtual location-plate;
The virtual location-plate building thing and this datum mark is carried out by each survey station with this three-dimensional laser scanner
Scanning, builds the cloud data of virtual location-plate of thing and this datum mark about this obtaining each survey station;
One software receipt and calculate the cloud data of this virtual location-plate building thing and this datum mark, and solve
Reading the three-dimensional coordinate of each cloud, this software can be by the first surface of this virtual location-plate and first
Calibrate, or the cloud data calculating of second surface and the second calibration obtains the center seat of this datum mark
Mark, and with this center position coordinates as the characteristic point building thing cloud data of each survey station of intussusception, with structure
This is become to build the three-dimensional point cloud image of thing and data.
In one of virtual location-plate mode setting up datum mark that the present invention provides for utilizing this virtual location
First datum line of the first surface of plate and one second datum line line correspondences one respectively concrete, position
The target reference point immobilizing dynamic, accordingly, the institute of the first calibration of this virtual location-plate first surface
It is datum mark in position.
The virtual location-plate that the present invention provides set up the mode of datum mark two for utilizing this virtual location-plate
Corresponding one concrete, the position of cross silk thread target X-axis and the Y-axis line respectively of second surface fix not
The target reference point of variation, accordingly, the position of the second calibration of this virtual location-plate second surface
It is datum mark.
With the present invention provide virtual location-plate set up datum mark mode three for utilize this first calibrate
Or second the central point of calibration immobilize dynamic with corresponding one concrete, the position of a predetermined air line distance
Target reference point.
The method of minute book invention datum mark includes with digital camera shooting and records this virtual location-plate
First calibration or the corresponding relation such as the second calibration and the position of target reference point, distance, by datum mark
Location records preserves.
The present invention has following effect:
Described virtual location-plate by first surface upward in the way of horizontal placing in said reference point, for three
Dimension laser scanner scans.
Described virtual location-plate is vertically installed in said reference by first surface in the way of this survey station
Point.
Described virtual location-plate is attached at this datum mark building thing surface, this first surface with second surface
Scan for three-dimensional laser scanner.
Described virtual location-plate is attached at this datum mark building thing surface, this second surface with first surface
Scan for three-dimensional laser scanner.
Virtual location-plate can put, uprightly or stick in datum mark, for datum mark by supporter
Any structural destruction is not done on surface, it is to avoid historic site, ruins, archaeology site etc build thing because of three
Dimension scans and suffers that secondary destroys.
The record of datum mark need not leave record vestige via external force means in ground or object plane, but logical
The position of first time datum mark is preserved by the mode crossing Taking Pictures recording.After completing 3 D laser scanning,
Virtual location-plate can be withdrawn datum mark.If the three of second time, third time etc. need to be carried out in different periods
When dimension laser scanning and cloud data are set up, refer to the Taking Pictures recording of datum mark for the first time, datum mark
Position the most reproducible, virtual location-plate can be put in datum mark the most accurately.
Three-dimensional laser scanner obtains the some cloud number of the virtual location-plate building thing and datum mark of each survey station
According to, back-end software can be by this virtual location-plate first surface and the first calibration or second surface and second
The cloud data calculating rapidly of architectural feature of calibration obtains the center position coordinates of this datum mark, and with
This center position coordinates is as the characteristic point building thing cloud data of each survey station of intussusception.
The virtual location-plate that the present invention provides visually scans the environmental aspect of datum mark and selects with first surface
As scanning plane or second surface as scanning plane.Therefore, the virtual location-plate that the present invention provides can be fitted
Close various large space or complexity is built each datum mark of thing and arranged.
The virtual location-plate that the present invention provides is slab structure body, and the most easy to carry, datum mark is arranged
Take level to put, supporter supports and upright or stick in and build thing surface, easily operate enforcement.
No matter virtual location-plate with which kind of angle is arranged, by the some cloud number acquired by three-dimensional laser scanner
According to the some cloud coordinate that all can be obtained central point by this first calibration and the second calibration.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the front elevation of the virtual location-plate of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the back view of the virtual location-plate of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that the virtual location-plate of the present invention is paved in the large-scale each survey station periphery building thing;
Description of reference numerals: 1-builds thing;31-color lump;2-survey station;32-color lump;3-datum mark;33-
Second heart circle;The virtual location-plate of 10-;34-cross silk thread mark;12-central point;36-second calibrates;20-
First surface;21-the first color lump;22-the second color lump;23-the first datum line;24-the second datum line;
25-first heart circle;26-first calibrates;30-second surface.
Detailed description of the invention
For ease of the central idea that the explanation present invention is represented in foregoing invention content one hurdle, hereby with tool
Body embodiment is expressed.In embodiment, various different objects are in being suitable to the ratio of explanation, size, deflection
Or displacement and describe, rather than drawn in the ratio of actual components, close first chat bright.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the virtual location-plate 10 that the present invention provides is a geometry, has
The plate body of predetermined thickness, this virtual location-plate 10 has different first surface 20 and one second table
Face 30.The material of this virtual location-plate 10 is including but not limited to plastics, metal or composite.Should
The thickness of virtual location-plate 10 is including but not limited to 1mm~4mm.The profile of this virtual location-plate 10
Shape can be rectangle, circle or various geometry.The overall size of this virtual location-plate 10 can depend on
It is actually needed decision.
This first surface 20 has multiple color lump, and this color lump is by being scanned by three-dimensional laser scanner
High reflectance coatings constituted;The plurality of color lump constitutes the center by this virtual location-plate 10
One first datum line 23 and one second datum line 24 of point 12, this first datum line 23 and second base
Directrix 24 right angle intersection is in the central point 12 of this virtual location-plate 10.This first surface 20 also comprises
One first heart circle 25 with this central point 12 as the center of circle, this first heart circle 25 and by its interior the
One datum line 23 and the second datum line 24 form the first calibration 26 of this first surface 20.Implementing
In example, the color lump of this first surface 20 includes at least two the first color lump 21 and at least two second
Color lump 22;Each color lump 21,22 be shaped as rectangle, each color lump 21,22 occupies this first surface
/ 4th areas of 20.This first color lump 21 and this second color lump 22 interlaced arrangement are in this first table
Face 20, this first color lump 21 can be light color system or white color system, the colour system of this second color lump 22 be this
The contrast colour system of one color lump, the first described datum line 23 and the second datum line 24 are by this second color
The limit of block 22 is connected and constitutes.This first heart circle 25 is a transparent block, for highlighting this first calibration 26
In the first datum line the 23, second datum line 24 and central point 12.
This second surface 30 has two color lumps 31,32, and this color lump 31,32 is by being swashed by three-dimensional
The high reflectance coatings of photoscanner scanning is constituted, and these two color lumps 31,32 are in this second table
Face 30 forms second heart circle 33 with the central point 12 of this virtual location-plate 10 as the center of circle, and this is the years old
The central point of disloyalty circle 33 has a cross silk thread mark 34, this second heart circle 33 and this cross silk thread
Second calibration 36 of mark 34 this second surface 30 of composition.This second heart circle 33 is a transparent block,
In order to highlight this cross silk thread mark 34.Above-mentioned first heart circle 25 and second heart circle 25 are same radius
Circle.
The virtual location-plate that the present invention provides is to reach (three-dimensional laser scanner and soft with existing the light that carries
Part) coordinate carry out large space, large-scale volume or complicated shape build thing carry out 3 D laser scanning with
Obtain cloud data, carry light based on ground and reach the condition restriction of itself and because of determinand entity or space mistake
Greatly, excessively complicated, part entity covered by other thing or the impact of peripheral environment factor etc., ground carries light
Typically require two survey stations the most plural when reaching the scanning performing this class and just can carry out complete
Scanning, as it is shown on figure 3, the settlement of multiple survey station 2 lays respectively at the different azimuth building thing 1 periphery,
And the ground of each survey station carries light and reaches and must comprise multiple (at least three) datum mark 3 in sweep limits,
This datum mark 3 includes the surface building thing and/or builds the periphery of thing, each survey station 2 and each datum mark 3
Position and to arrange be to determine according to actual state via after the exploration of professional scene.
The virtual location-plate 10 that the present invention provides is arranged at this datum mark 3, described virtual location-plate 10
By first surface 20 upward in the way of horizontal placing in said reference point, sweep for three-dimensional laser scanner
Retouch.This virtual location-plate 10 is also able to first surface 20 and is vertically installed in towards the mode of this survey station
State datum mark.Described virtual location-plate 10 is attached at this datum mark building thing surface with second surface 30,
This first surface 20 scans for three-dimensional laser scanner.Described virtual location-plate 10 is with first surface 20
Being attached at this datum mark building thing surface, this second surface 30 scans for three-dimensional laser scanner.This void
Intending location-plate can horizontal placing, upright by supporter or stick in datum mark, for the table of datum mark
Any structural destruction is not done in face.
In one of this virtual location-plate 10 mode setting up datum mark for utilizing the of this virtual location-plate
First datum line 23 on one surface 20 and one second datum line 24 line correspondences one respectively concrete, position
Put immobilize dynamic target reference point (such as: the limit building thing, the angle building thing or other can be as ginseng
The concrete thing examined), accordingly, the position of the first calibration 26 of this virtual location-plate first surface 20
It is datum mark.
The virtual location-plate provided with the present invention set up the mode of datum mark two for utilizing this virtual location
Corresponding concrete, the position of the X-axis of the cross silk thread mark 34 of the second surface 30 of plate and Y-axis line respectively
Put immobilize dynamic target reference point (such as: the limit building thing, the angle building thing or other can be as ginseng
The concrete thing examined), accordingly, the position of the second calibration 36 of this virtual location-plate second surface 30
It is datum mark.
With the present invention provide virtual location-plate set up datum mark mode three for utilize this first calibrate
26 or second the central point of calibration 36 fix with corresponding one concrete, the position of a predetermined air line distance
The target reference point that do not changes (such as: the limit building thing, the angle building thing or other can be as the tool of reference
Body thing).
In addition to said method, other feasible mode any can realize datum mark by situation on the spot
Set up.
The ground of each survey station carries light and reaches scanning and build thing and the virtual location-plate 10 of datum mark comprised, from
And obtain each survey station build thing and the cloud data of virtual location-plate 10, back-end software can be virtual by this
The first surface 20 of location-plate 10 and the first calibration 26 or second surface 30 and the knot of the second calibration 36
The calculating rapidly of the cloud data of structure feature obtains the center position coordinates of this datum mark, and with this centre bit
Put the coordinate characteristic point building thing cloud data as each survey station of intussusception.
In sum, that applies this virtual location-plate 10 builds object detecting method, comprises the following steps:
Build thing to one and carry out the inspection of the scene of a crime, to confirm survey station position and the survey that three-dimensional laser scanner should set
Stand number;According to each survey station position and the scanning angle of three-dimensional laser scanner, in this build thing and/
Maybe multiple scanning datum mark is set up in this periphery building thing;It is horizontally disposed with or directly in this each scanning datum mark
Erect and put this virtual location-plate;Each survey station with this three-dimensional laser scanner to building thing and this benchmark
Point is scanned, and builds the cloud data of thing and this datum mark about this obtaining each survey station;One software connects
Receive and calculate this cloud data building thing and this datum mark, and understanding the three-dimensional coordinate of each cloud, with
This of the nestable each survey station in center of this datum mark builds the cloud data of thing, to constitute this three-dimensional point building thing
Cloud atlas picture and data.
After completing 3 D laser scanning, the virtual location-plate 10 of each datum mark can be withdrawn.But,
Before withdrawing, if consider the 3 D laser scanning still needing to carry out second time, third time etc. in the future, and
When need to use same base on schedule, all datum marks arranged for the first time should be recorded.
The method of minute book invention datum mark, including shooting with digital camera and recording this virtual location-plate
First calibration 26 of 10 or the corresponding relation such as the second calibration 36 and the position of target reference point, distance,
The location records of datum mark is preserved.The record of datum mark need not via external force means in ground or
Object plane leaves record vestige, but is preserved the position of first time datum mark by the way of Taking Pictures recording
Get off, carry out the 3 D laser scanning of second time, third time etc. and cloud data when setting up in the future, can
With reference to the Taking Pictures recording of datum mark for the first time, the position of datum mark is the most reproducible, by virtual location-plate again
Put accurately in datum mark.
Claims (9)
1. a virtual location-plate, this virtual location-plate is applied in three-dimensional laser scanning system be paved in
Build thing or its peripheral datum mark, it is characterised in that:
This virtual location-plate includes the plate body of a geometry, predetermined thickness, and this virtual location-plate has
One first surface;This first surface has multiple color lump, and this color lump is by can be by three-dimensional laser scanner
The coatings of scanning is constituted;The plurality of color lump constitutes of the central point by this virtual location-plate
First datum line and one second datum line, this first datum line and the second datum line right angle intersection are in this void
Intend the central point of location-plate;This first surface also comprises one first heart circle with this central point as the center of circle,
This first heart circle and formed the of this first surface by its first interior datum line and the second datum line
One calibration;
This virtual location-plate also includes a second surface being different from this first surface;This second surface has
Having two color lumps, this color lump is made up of the coatings that can be scanned by three-dimensional laser scanner, should
Two color lumps form second heart with the central point of this virtual location-plate as the center of circle in this second surface
Circle, the central point of this second heart circle has a cross silk thread mark, this second heart circle and this cross silk thread
Mark constitutes the second calibration of this second surface.
Virtual location-plate the most according to claim 1, wherein, the color lump of this first surface includes
At least two the first color lump and at least two the second color lump;This first color lump and this second color lump interlock
Being arranged in this first surface, this first color lump is light color system or white color system, and the colour system of this second color lump is
The contrast colour system of this first color lump.
Virtual location-plate the most according to claim 2, wherein, the first described datum line and
Two datum lines are connected by the limit of this second color lump and constitute.
Virtual location-plate the most according to claim 1, wherein, this first heart circle, this second heart
Circle is transparent block.
5. that applies the virtual location-plate described in claim 1 builds an object detecting method, and its feature exists
In, comprise the following steps:
Step one, builds thing and carries out the inspection of the scene of a crime one, to confirm the survey station that three-dimensional laser scanner should set
Position and survey station number;
Step 2, according to each survey station position and the scanning angle of three-dimensional laser scanner, builds thing in this
And/or this periphery building thing sets up multiple scanning datum mark;
Step 3, is horizontally disposed with or uprightly arranges this virtual location-plate in this each scanning datum mark;
Step 4, each survey station with this three-dimensional laser scanner to building the virtual fixed of thing and this datum mark
Position plate is scanned, and builds the some cloud of virtual location-plate of thing and this datum mark about this obtaining each survey station
Data;And
Step 5, a software receipt and calculate the some cloud number of this virtual location-plate building thing and this datum mark
According to, and understand the three-dimensional coordinate of each cloud, this software can be by the first table of this virtual location-plate
Face and first is calibrated, or the cloud data calculating of second surface and the second calibration obtains in this datum mark
Heart position coordinates, and using this center position coordinates as the feature building thing cloud data of each survey station of intussusception
Point, to constitute this three-dimensional point cloud image building thing and data.
Detection method the most according to claim 5, wherein, step 3, this virtual location-plate
First datum line of first surface and one second datum line line correspondences one respectively concrete, position fixes
The target reference point not changed, the central point position of the first calibration of this virtual location-plate is this base
On schedule.
Detection method the most according to claim 5, wherein, step 3, this virtual location-plate
The cross silk thread target X-axis of second surface one concrete, position corresponding with Y-axis line respectively immobilizes
Dynamic target reference point, accordingly, the cross silk thread target central point position of this virtual location-plate is
This datum mark.
Detection method the most according to claim 5, wherein, step 3, with this virtual location-plate
The first calibration or the central point of the second calibration with corresponding concrete, the position of a predetermined air line distance
The target reference point immobilizing dynamic.
9., according to the detection method described in any one of claim 6 to 8, it also comprises one by numeral
Camera shoots this virtual location-plate and this target reference point, records according to this and preserves this reference point location.
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