CN105985764B - Fracturing fluid and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Fracturing fluid and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN105985764B CN105985764B CN201510083584.8A CN201510083584A CN105985764B CN 105985764 B CN105985764 B CN 105985764B CN 201510083584 A CN201510083584 A CN 201510083584A CN 105985764 B CN105985764 B CN 105985764B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fracturing fluid and its preparation method and application, the mass percentage composition of the fracturing fluid are as follows: thickener 0.10%-0.45%, clay stabilizer 0.35%-0.55%, the water of surfactant 0.3%-0.5% and surplus, wherein, the thickener is by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers reaction generates, and the acrylamide, the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, the N, the molar ratio of N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine and the halogenated cyclic ethers is 99:25:1:1:1, fracturing fluid provided by the invention, it solves in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier to return drain processing difficulty caused by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent Greatly, at high cost, reuse poor feasibility the technical issues of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of oil gas field auxiliary agent technical field, in particular to a kind of overall process takes the low frictional resistance slippery water of sand
Fracturing fluid and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
Oil-gas Layer hydraulic fracturing (Hydraulic Fracturing), referred to as oil-gas Layer pressure break or pressure break, are one and change
The technology for making oil-gas Layer seepage characteristic is an important process measure of well production increment, water injection well stimulation, is to utilize ground
Face high pressure pump group, by high-viscous liquid to be formed about high pressure in shaft bottom immediately in the discharge capacity injection well more than formation absorption ability,
After this pressure is more than the shaft bottom nearby tensile strength of reservoir stress and rock, crack is formed in the earth formation, it will be with proppant
In liquid injection seam, extend seam forward, and fills out the liquid injected into well with proppant, and in fracturing process and referred to as press
Split liquid, fracturing fluid is the important component of fracturing technique, generally to the performance requirement of fracturing fluid: viscosity is high, and lubricity is good, filter
Vector is small, to by the fluid layer of pressure break, without blocking and damage, pollution-free to fluid mine, general fracturing fluid has aqueous fracturing fluid, oil
The types such as base fracturing fluid, emulsus fracturing fluid, foam fracturing fluid and acid-base fracturing fluid.
Currently, common fracturing fluid is mainly the fracturing fluid using guanidine glue and its modifier as the aqueous fracturing fluid of thickening agent
It is widely applied in each oil gas field, and achieves good effect of increasing production, but celebrate oil gas field " batch production " pressure break with long
The it is proposed of work pattern and Environmental Protection Situation are increasingly severe, it is desirable that aqueous fracturing fluid in addition to Low Damage, low frictional resistance, low cost,
Except the easy row of returning, easily continuous mixed feature, there is the characteristics of easy recycling, high recycling rate, also to return drain after reduction pressure
The amount of conserving water while to environment and soil pollution.
However it is existing using guanidine glue and its modifier as the fracturing fluid of thickening agent, since guanidine glue and its modifier have plant
The putrefactive disadvantage of glue and to return drain processing difficulty after breaking gel big, it is at high cost, reuse poor feasibility, thus with guanidine glue and
Its modifier is that the fracturing fluid of thickening agent is unable to satisfy current " batch production " construction requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of fracturing fluid, solves in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier as the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
The technical issues of caused drain processing difficulty that returns is big, at high cost, reuses poor feasibility, and the fracturing fluid can delay
Pressure maintaining of unlinking can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well while splitting.
It is easy to operate easily controllable in preparation process the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of fracturing fluid, it is prepared
Fracturing fluid it is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant rises viscous fast in water, meets continuous mixture and requires, which has fine
Efficient Adhesive Promotion, adjust it in due course and be just able to achieve drop using concentration and block water and load fluid function.
The present invention provides a kind of application of fracturing fluid in oil-gas Layer pressure break, and the thickener for including due to the fracturing fluid is by third
Acrylamide, acrylic acid and alkyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether acrylate reactions generate, in application, the fracturing fluid in oil-gas Layer pressure break
Return that drain treatment process is simple, cost is extremely low, high recycling rate, " work can be met very well while alleviating environmentally friendly pressure break
The requirement of factory " fracturing work.
The present invention provides a kind of fracturing fluid, the mass percentage composition of the fracturing fluid are as follows: thickener 0.10%-
0.45%, the water of clay stabilizer 0.35%-0.55%, surfactant 0.3%-0.5% and surplus, wherein the thickening
Agent is by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers
Reaction generates, and the acrylamide, the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, the N, N-
The molar ratio of dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine and the halogenated cyclic ethers is 99:25:1:1:1.
In fracturing fluid provided by the invention, including thickener, clay stabilizer, surfactant and water, wherein thickener
For acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers are anti-
The copolymer that should be generated, since residue is to cause the injury of matrix seepage flow rate and proppant pack flow conductivity after fracturing liquid rubber-breaking
The major reason of injury when fracturing fluid is using guanidine glue and its modifier as thickening agent, returns drain after fracturing liquid rubber-breaking in the prior art
Processing difficulty is big, at high cost, and recycling feasibility is poor, and in the present invention, the thickener used is by acrylamide, insatiable hunger
The copolymer generated with carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, the reaction of halogenated cyclic ethers,
The fracturing fluid recovery (backflow) effect of formation is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, meanwhile, it is simple to return drain recovery process
Single, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to and it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, in the present invention, acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkane
Base phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, when N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, the reaction of halogenated cyclic ethers generate thickener, the present embodiment
In, the acrylamide, the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, the N, N- dimethyl-alkane
Base tertiary amine and the halogenated cyclic ethers according to moles hundred than being that 99:25:1:1:1 hybrid reaction generates thickener, in the present invention, the increasing
The thick dose of mass percent in fracturing fluid is 0.10%-0.45%, for example, thickener mass percent can for 0.15%,
0.20%, 0.25%, 0.35% or 0.40%, the mass percent of thickener is chosen with specific reference to actual demand.
In specific embodiments of the present invention, by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acids
Ester, N, when N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, the reaction of halogenated cyclic ethers generate thickener, the unsaturated carboxylic acid can be acrylic acid, fourth
One of olefin(e) acid or metal acid-salt are a variety of, and wherein acrylic acid can be the acrylic acid of straight chain, can also be for branch
Acrylic acid, butenoic acid can be the butenoic acid of straight chain, can also be the butenoic acid with branch, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers are not
Being saturated atomic number of alkyl carbon in acid esters can be 7,8 or 12, and Polyoxyalkylene ethers can in the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester
Think polyoxyethylene ether or polyethenoxy ether, unsaturated acid ester can be propylene in the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester
Acid esters or butenoate, wherein acrylate can be the acrylate of straight chain, can also be the acrylate with branch, fourth
Olefin(e) acid ester can be the butenoate of straight chain, can also be the butenoate with branch;The N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine
Middle atomic number of alkyl carbon is that atomic number of alkyl carbon can be 8,9 or 12 in 6-18, such as N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine;It is described
Halo groups are fluorine, chlorine or bromine in halogenated cyclic ethers, such as can be fluoro cyclic ethers, can be chloro cyclic ethers, can also be bromo
Cyclic ethers chooses suitable unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- diformazan with specific reference to practical application
Base-alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers generate thickener.
In the present invention, clay stabilizer can clay mineral in good ground, can prevent swelling clay mineral and
Prevent small bits of clay from migrating, in the present invention, mass percent of the clay stabilizer in fracturing fluid is 0.35%-0.55%, example
Such as, the mass percent of clay stabilizer can be 0.35%, 0.40%, 0.45% or 0.50%, with specific reference to practical application
The middle mass percent for choosing clay stabilizer.
In the present invention, mass percent of the surfactant in fracturing fluid is 0.3%-0.5%, such as surface-active
The mass percent of agent can be 0.35%, 0.40%, 0.45% or 0.50%, living with specific reference to surface is chosen in practical application
Property agent mass percent, the present invention in, fracturing fluid be with water compositing dispersion medium, so, when the mass percent of thickener
For 0.10%-0.45%, the mass percent of clay stabilizer is 0.35%-0.55%, the mass percent of surfactant
For 0.3%-0.5%, remaining mass percent is the mass percent of water, for example, when the mass percent of thickener
It is 0.30%, the mass percent of clay stabilizer is 0.45%, when the mass percent of surfactant is 0.3%, then water
Mass percent be 98.95%, it should be noted that in the present invention, fracturing fluid is by thickener, clay stabilizer, surface
When activating agent and water form, the thickener concentration used is 0.1%-0.4%, for example, can select concentration is 0.3% thickening
Agent, can also select concentration is 0.2% thickener, and the clay stabilizer concentration used is 0.3%-0.5%, for example, can be with
Selecting concentration is 0.4% clay stabilizer, and can also select concentration is 0.35% clay stabilizer, the surface-active used
Agent concentration is 0.3%-0.5%, for example, can select concentration is 0.4% surfactant, the concentration can also be selected to be
0.35% surfactant.
In a concrete scheme of the invention, the clay stabilizer is quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer, quaternary ammonium salt clay
Stabilizer can be trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride, can also be trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide, can also be trimethyl
Hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide mixture, wherein quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer be trimethyl hydroxyl
Propyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide mixture when, trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl
Base season ammonium bromide according to mass ratio be 1:1 mixing composition quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer, in this way, when clay stabilizer be trimethyl hydroxyl
When propyl season ammonium chloride, then mass percent of the trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride in fracturing fluid is 0.35%-0.55%, when
When clay stabilizer is trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide, then quality percentage of the trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide in fracturing fluid
Than for 0.35%-0.55%, when clay stabilizer is trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide
When mixture, then quality of the mixture of trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide in fracturing fluid
Percentage is 0.35%-0.55%, meanwhile, when in use, trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and/or trimethyl hydroxypropyl season bromine
The concentration for changing ammonium is 0.35%-0.55%.
In a concrete scheme of the invention, the surfactant agent be alkyl sulfate or alkylsulfonate,
In, when surfactant is alkyl sulfate, it can also be cetyl that alkyl sulfate, which can be lauryl sulfate,
Sulfate can also be octadecyl sulfate, choose suitable alkyl sulfate with specific reference to practical application, work as surface-active
When agent agent is alkylsulfonate, alkylsulfonate can be dodecane sulfonate, can also be cetyl sulfonate, may be used also
Think octadecyl sulfonic acid salt, chooses suitable alkylsulfonate, when in use, dodecyl sulphate with specific reference to practical application
Salt, cetyl sulfate, octadecyl sulfate, dodecane sulfonate, cetyl sulfonate or octadecyl sulfonic acid
The concentration of salt is 0.3%-0.5%.
The present invention also provides the preparation methods of above-mentioned fracturing fluid, including following procedure:
Clay stabilizer, surfactant are added to the water, 3-5min is stirred, obtains the solution of stable homogeneous;
Thickener is added, obtains fracturing fluid after stirring 10-15min, wherein
The thickener is by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-
Alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers are that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio;
And the mass fraction of the thickener, clay stabilizer, surfactant is respectively as follows: 0.10-0.45,0.35-
0.55,0.3-0.5, surplus number are water.
In the present invention, clay stabilizer, surfactant are added to the water first by certain mass percent, stir 3-
5min obtains the solution of stable homogeneous, next is slowly added to thickener, and preparation method in this way can prevent from forming " fish
Eye ", is stirred for 10-15min after thickener adds, and being just made has fracturing fluid of the invention.
In the preparation method of fracturing fluid of the present invention, fracturing fluid passes through first by clay stabilizer, surfactant by certain
Mass percent is added to the water, and stirring 3-5min obtains the solution of stable homogeneous, next is slowly added to thickener to be prepared
, wherein thickener is acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tert
The copolymer that amine, the reaction of halogenated cyclic ethers generate, wherein acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acids
Ester, N, it is the acrylamide, described in the present embodiment when N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, the reaction of halogenated cyclic ethers generate thickener
Unsaturated carboxylic acid, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, the N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine and the halogenated cyclic ethers
According to molar ratio be 99:25:1:1:1 hybrid reaction generate thickener, the present invention in, number of the thickener in fracturing fluid is
0.10-0.45 parts, i.e. the mass percent of thickener can be 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.35% or 0.40%, tool
Body chooses the mass fraction of thickener according to actual needs.
In the present invention, clay stabilizer can clay mineral in good ground, can prevent swelling clay mineral and
Prevent small bits of clay from migrating, in the present invention, mass fraction of the clay stabilizer in fracturing fluid is 0.35-0.55 parts, that is, clay
The mass percent of stabilizer can be 0.35%, 0.40%, 0.45% or 0.50%, viscous with specific reference to choosing in practical application
The mass percent of soil stabilizer.
In the present invention, mass fraction of the surfactant in fracturing fluid is 0.3-0.5, the i.e. quality of surfactant
Percentage can be 0.35%, 0.40%, 0.45% or 0.50%, with specific reference to the matter for choosing surfactant in practical application
Measure percentage, the present invention in, fracturing fluid be with water compositing dispersion medium, so, when thickener mass fraction be 0.10-
0.45, the mass fraction of clay stabilizer is 0.35-0.55, and the mass fraction of surfactant is 0.3-0.5, remaining quality
Number is the mass fraction of water, for example, when the mass fraction of thickener is 0.30, the mass fraction of clay stabilizer is
0.45, when the mass fraction of surfactant is 0.3, then the mass fraction of water is 98.95, it should be noted that in the present invention
In, when fracturing fluid is made of thickener, clay stabilizer, surfactant and water, the thickener concentration used can be
0.1%-0.4%, for example, can select concentration is 0.3% thickener, can also select concentration is 0.2% thickener, is made
Clay stabilizer concentration is 0.3%-0.5%, for example, can select concentration is 0.4% clay stabilizer, can also be selected
The clay stabilizer for being 0.35% with concentration, the surfactant concentration used is 0.3%-0.5%, for example, can select dense
The surfactant that degree is 0.4%, can also select concentration is 0.35% surfactant.
In a concrete scheme of the invention, in specific embodiments of the present invention, by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic
Acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, it is described when N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, the reaction of halogenated cyclic ethers generate thickener
Unsaturated carboxylic acid can be one of acrylic acid, butenoic acid or metal acid-salt or a variety of, and wherein acrylic acid can be straight chain
Acrylic acid can also be the acrylic acid with branch, and it can also be the fourth with branch that butenoic acid, which can be the butenoic acid of straight chain,
Olefin(e) acid, atomic number of alkyl carbon can be 7,8 or 12 in the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, the alkyl phenol polyoxy alkene
Polyoxyalkylene ethers can be polyoxyethylene ether or polyethenoxy ether, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acids in ether unsaturated acid ester
Unsaturated acid ester can be acrylate or butenoate in ester, and wherein acrylate can be the acrylate of straight chain, may be used also
Think that the acrylate with branch, butenoate can be the butenoate of straight chain, can also be the butenoic acid with branch
Ester;Atomic number of alkyl carbon is alkyl in 6-18, such as N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine in the N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine
Carbon atom number can be 8,9 or 12;Halo groups are fluorine, chlorine or bromine in the halogenated cyclic ethers, such as can be fluoro cyclic ethers, can
Think chloro cyclic ethers, can also be bromo cyclic ethers, choose suitable unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol polyoxy with specific reference to practical application
Alkene ether unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers generate thickener.
In a concrete scheme of the invention, the clay stabilizer is quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer, quaternary ammonium salt clay
Stabilizer can be trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride, can also be trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide, can also be trimethyl
Hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide mixture, wherein quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer be trimethyl hydroxyl
Propyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide mixture when, trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl
Base season ammonium bromide according to mass ratio be 1:1 mixing composition quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer, in this way, when clay stabilizer be trimethyl hydroxyl
When propyl season ammonium chloride, then mass percent of the trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride in fracturing fluid is 0.35%-0.55%, when
When clay stabilizer is trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide, then quality percentage of the trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide in fracturing fluid
Than for 0.35%-0.55%, when clay stabilizer is trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide
When mixture, then quality of the mixture of trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide in fracturing fluid
Percentage is 0.35%-0.55%, meanwhile, when in use, trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and/or trimethyl hydroxypropyl season bromine
The concentration for changing ammonium is 0.3%-0.5%.
In a concrete scheme of the invention, the surfactant agent be alkyl sulfate or alkylsulfonate,
In, when surfactant is alkyl sulfate, it can also be cetyl that alkyl sulfate, which can be lauryl sulfate,
Sulfate can also be octadecyl sulfate, choose suitable alkyl sulfate with specific reference to practical application, work as surface-active
When agent agent is alkylsulfonate, alkylsulfonate can be dodecane sulfonate, can also be cetyl sulfonate, may be used also
Think octadecyl sulfonic acid salt, chooses suitable alkylsulfonate, when in use, dodecyl sulphate with specific reference to practical application
Salt, cetyl sulfate, octadecyl sulfate, dodecane sulfonate, cetyl sulfonate or octadecyl sulfonic acid
The concentration of salt is 0.3%-0.5%.
The present invention provides a kind of application of fracturing fluid in oil-gas Layer pressure break, which passes through by 0.10%-0.45%
Thickener, 0.35%-0.55% clay stabilizer, 0.3%-0.5% surfactant and excess water be mixed to prepare, and thicken
Agent is by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine and halogenated ring
Ether is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio, and it is not corrupt to realize fracturing fluid, heat-resistant salt-resistant, rise in water it is viscous fast, it is full
The continuous mixture of foot requires, which has good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, adjusts it in due course and is just able to achieve drop using concentration
It blocks water and load fluid function, when being applied in oil-gas Layer pressure break, returns that drain treatment process is simple, the row of returning imitates due to the fracturing fluid
Fruit is preferably, cost is relatively low, high recycling rate, and " factory can be met to the pollution of reservoir very well simultaneously by alleviating in fracturing process
Change " fracturing work requirement.
Fracturing fluid provided by the invention passes through thickener, the 0.35%-0.55% clay stabilization by 0.10%-0.45%
Agent, 0.3%-0.5% surfactant and excess water are mixed to prepare, and thickener is by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol
Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers are 99:25:1:1:1 reaction life according to molar ratio
At, solve it is big to return drain processing difficulty caused by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent using guanidine glue and its modifier in the prior art,
It is at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, and also the fracturing fluid can alleviate environmentally friendly pressure break while, can be fine
Meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work, the present invention operates letter in preparation process by proposing the preparation method of fracturing fluid a kind of
It is single easily controllable, it can be achieved that live continuous preparation, the fracturing fluid being prepared is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant, rise in water it is viscous fast,
Meet continuous mixture to require, which has good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, adjusts it in due course and is just able to achieve using concentration
Drop blocks water and load fluid function, and the present invention also provides a kind of application of fracturing fluid in oil-gas Layer pressure break, alleviate fracturing process
In can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously to the pollution of reservoir.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Fracturing fluid provided by the invention can be applied in oil-gas Layer fracturing operation, and fracturing fluid can be used for carrying proppant
It to stratum, can be also used for pressing off crack, while can be used for reducing formation temperature.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride: 3.5g;
Lauryl sulfate: 3g;
Thickener: 1g;
Water: 992.5g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 3.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride and 3g lauryl sulfate are dissolved in 992.5g water respectively
In, 3-5min is stirred, 1g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein increasing
Thick dose by acrylamide, the third carboxylic acid, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether acrylate, N, N- dimethyl-hexyl tertiary amine, fluoro epoxy third
Alkane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 1 as friction reducer and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 9-12mPa.s;Resistance-reducing yield: 62%-65%.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, low frictional resistance, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and
It is simple to return drain recovery process, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process
The requirement of " batch production " fracturing work can be met very well simultaneously to the pollution of reservoir.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 3.5g;
Lauryl sulfate: 3g;
Thickener: 2g;
Water: 991.5g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 3.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 3g lauryl sulfate are dissolved in 991.5g water respectively
In, 3-5min is stirred, 2g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein increasing
Thick dose by acrylamide, butenoic acid, nonyl phenol poly-oxypropylene ether butenoate, N, N- dimethyl-nonyl tertiary amine, chloro epoxy third
Alkane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 2 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 24-27mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 360-400kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 70 DEG C, it is suitble to the storage of 2500 meters or so of vertical depth
Layer.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 3.5g;
Dodecane sulfonate: 3g;
Thickener: 3g;
Water: 990.5g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 3.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 3g dodecane sulfonate are dissolved in 990.5g water respectively
In, 3-5min is stirred, 3g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein increasing
Thick dose by acrylamide, acrylic acid, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether acrylate, N, N- dimethyl-certain herbaceous plants with big flowers base tertiary amine, Brominated Epoxy third
Alkane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 3 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 33-36mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 480-520kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 90 DEG C, it is suitble to the storage of 3000 meters or so of vertical depth
Layer.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride: 3.5g;
Cetyl sulfate: 5g;
Thickener: 1g;
Water: 990.5g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 3.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride and 5g cetyl sulfate are dissolved in 990.5g water respectively
In, 3-5min is stirred, 1g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein increasing
Thick dose by acrylamide, acrylic acid, dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether acrylate, N, N- dimethyl-dodecylamine base base tertiary amine,
4- Brominated Epoxy butane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 4 as friction reducer and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 9-12mPa.s;Resistance-reducing yield: 63%-66%.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, low frictional resistance, and
It is simple to return drain recovery process, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process
The requirement of " batch production " fracturing work can be met very well simultaneously to the pollution of reservoir.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 3.5g;
Cetyl sulfate: 5g;
Thickener: 2g;
Water: 989.5g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 3.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 5g cetyl sulfate are dissolved in 989.5g water respectively
In, 3-5min is stirred, 2g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein increasing
Thick dose by acrylamide, butenoic acid, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether acrylate, N, N- dimethyl-octyl tertiary amine, 4- fluoro epoxy
Butane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 5 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 24-27mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 360-400kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 75 DEG C, it is suitble to the storage of 2700 meters or so of vertical depth
Layer.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 3.5g;
Cetyl sulfonate: 5g;
Thickener: 3g;
Water: 988.5g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 3.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 5g cetyl sulfonate are dissolved in 988.5g water respectively
In, 3-5min is stirred, 3g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein increasing
Thick dose by acrylamide, butenoic acid, octylphenol polyethylene vinethene acrylate, N, N- dimethyl-cetyl tertiary amine, chloro epoxy
Propane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 6 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 33-36mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 480-520kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 100 DEG C, it is suitble to the storage of 3300 meters or so of vertical depth
Layer.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride: 5g;
Octadecyl sulfate: 5g;
Thickener: 1g;
Water: 989g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride and 5g octadecyl sulfate are dissolved in 989g water respectively, are stirred
3-5min is mixed, 1g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein thickener
By acrylamide, acrylic acid, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether acrylate, N, N- dimethyl-stearyl base tertiary amine, Brominated Epoxy third
Alkane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 7 as friction reducer and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 9-12mPa.s;Resistance-reducing yield: 65%-68%.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, low frictional resistance, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and
It is simple to return drain recovery process, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process
The requirement of " batch production " fracturing work can be met very well simultaneously to the pollution of reservoir.
Embodiment 8
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 5g;
Octadecyl sulfate: 5g;
Thickener: 2g;
Water: 988g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 5g octadecyl sulfate are dissolved in 988g water respectively, are stirred
3-5min is mixed, 2g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein thickener
By acrylamide, acrylic acid, octyl phenol polyethenoxy ether butenoate, N, N- dimethyl-dodecylamine base tertiary amine, 4- chloro epoxy
Butane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 8 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 24-27mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 360-40kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 80 DEG C, it is suitble to the storage of 2700 meters or so of vertical depth
Layer.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Embodiment 9
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 5g;
Octadecyl sulfonic acid salt: 5g;
Thickener: 3g;
Water: 987g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, 5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 5g octadecyl sulfonic acid salt are dissolved in 987g water respectively, are stirred
3-5min is mixed, 3g thickener is slow added into, is stirred for 10-15min, fracturing fluid of the invention can be obtained, wherein thickener
By acrylamide, sodium acrylate, dodecylphenol polyethenoxy ether butenoate, N, N- dimethyl-nonyl tertiary amine, 4- bromo ring
Oxygen butane is that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 9 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained are as follows:
Viscosity: 33-36mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 480-520kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 90 DEG C, it is suitble to the storage of 3000 meters or so of vertical depth
Layer.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Embodiment 10
In the present embodiment, the raw material of fracturing fluid is constituted and the quality of each ingredient is as follows:
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride: 2.5g;
Trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide: 2.5g;
Octadecyl sulfonic acid salt: 5g;
Thickener: 4g;
Water: 986g;
Specific preparation process is as follows:
Under stiring, respectively by 2.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride, 2.5g trimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium bromide and 5.0g ten
Eight alkylsulfonates are dissolved in 986g water, are stirred 3-5min, are slow added into 4g thickener, are stirred for 10-15min, can obtain
To fracturing fluid of the invention, wherein thickener is by acrylamide, butenoic acid, octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether acrylate, N, N- bis-
Methyl-octadecyl tertiary amine, bromopropylene oxide are that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio.
The fracturing fluid prepared in embodiment 10 as load fluid and is detected, each performance parameter of fracturing fluid is obtained
Are as follows: viscosity: 39-45mPa.s;Most takasago concentration: 600-640kg/m3, temperature resistant capability: 120 DEG C, it is suitble to 4000 meters or so of vertical depth
Reservoir.
Fracturing fluid provided in this embodiment is not corrupt, heat-resistant salt-resistant better performances, plays viscous fast, the continuous mixture of satisfaction in water
It is required that having good Efficient Adhesive Promotion, solves and draw in the prior art using guanidine glue and its modifier by the fracturing fluid of thickening agent
Rise to return drain processing difficulty big, at high cost, the technical issues of reusing poor feasibility, fracturing fluid application prepared by the present invention
In oil-gas Layer pressure break, the flowback effect of fracturing fluid is good, it can be achieved that without liquid nitrogen with the quick row of returning under the conditions of note, and returns drain time
Simple process is received, utilization rate is high, it is only necessary to which it is i.e. reusable to do simple filtration processing, can alleviate in fracturing process to reservoir
Pollution can meet the requirement of " batch production " fracturing work very well simultaneously.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations;To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement;And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fracturing fluid, which is characterized in that the mass percentage composition of the fracturing fluid are as follows: thickener 0.10%-0.45%,
The water of clay stabilizer 0.35%-0.55%, surfactant 0.3%-0.5% and surplus, wherein the thickener is by propylene
Amide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine, the reaction life of halogenated cyclic ethers
At, and the acrylamide, the unsaturated carboxylic acid, the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, the N, N- dimethyl-
The molar ratio of alkyl tertiary amine and the halogenated cyclic ethers is 99:25:1:1:1;
Unsaturated acid ester is acrylate or butenoate in the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester;
The surfactant is alkyl sulfate or alkylsulfonate;
The halogenated cyclic ethers is fluoro propylene oxide, polychlorinated dibenzo-furans, bromopropylene oxide, 4- Brominated Epoxy butane, 4- fluorine
For epoxy butane or 4- chloro epoxy butane.
2. fracturing fluid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the unsaturated carboxylic acid is acrylic acid, in butenoic acid
It is one or two kinds of;
Atomic number of alkyl carbon is 6-18 in the N, N- dimethyl-alkyl tertiary amine.
3. fracturing fluid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that alkyl in the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester
Carbon atom number is 7,8 or 12, and Polyoxyalkylene ethers are polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxy in the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester
Propylene ether.
4. fracturing fluid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the clay stabilizer is quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer.
5. fracturing fluid according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer is trimethyl hydroxypropyl
Season ammonium chloride and/or trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide;
And when the quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilizer is made of trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide
When, the trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium chloride and the trimethyl hydroxypropyl season ammonium bromide are that 1:1 is mixed according to mass ratio.
6. fracturing fluid according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the alkyl sulfate is lauryl sulfate, ten
Six alkyl sulfates or octadecyl sulfate;
The alkylsulfonate is dodecane sulfonate, cetyl sulfonate, octadecyl sulfonic acid salt.
7. the preparation method of any fracturing fluid of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that including following procedure:
Clay stabilizer, surfactant are added to the water, 3-5min is stirred, obtains the solution of stable homogeneous;
Thickener is added, obtains fracturing fluid after stirring 10-15min, wherein
The thickener is by acrylamide, unsaturated carboxylic acid, alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers unsaturated acid ester, N, N- dimethyl-alkyl
Tertiary amine, halogenated cyclic ethers are that 99:25:1:1:1 reaction generates according to molar ratio;
And the mass percent of the thickener, clay stabilizer and surfactant be respectively as follows: 0.10%-0.45%,
0.35%-0.55% and 0.3%-0.5%, surplus are water.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the clay stabilizer is quaternary ammonium salt clay stabilization
Agent, the surfactant agent are alkyl sulfate or alkylsulfonate.
9. application of the fracturing fluid described in any one of claims 1-6 in oil-gas Layer pressure break.
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CN109536154A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-29 | 新疆科力新技术发展股份有限公司 | Realize that oil field fracturing returns the pressure break thickener and preparation method thereof of drain recycling |
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CN103087699A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-05-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sand-carrying profile control agent composition of fracture-cave type oil deposit and profile control method of profile control agent |
CN103254887A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-08-21 | 郑建立 | Anti-drag aqueous fracturing fluid preparation |
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CN103087699A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-05-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Sand-carrying profile control agent composition of fracture-cave type oil deposit and profile control method of profile control agent |
CN103254887A (en) * | 2013-06-09 | 2013-08-21 | 郑建立 | Anti-drag aqueous fracturing fluid preparation |
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