CN105975810A - Molecular marker assisted selection breeding method for vertnin - Google Patents
Molecular marker assisted selection breeding method for vertnin Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a molecular marker assisted selection breeding method for vertnin. The method comprises steps as follows: the phenotypic variation coefficient and the genetic variation degree of vertnin in commercial pork pigs in a synthetic line are analyzed, whether vertnin type molecular breeding selection in a pork pig group in the synthetic line is consistent with economic benefits of conventional breeding is analyzed and judged, and the improvement potential of breeding pigs is evaluated; the vertnin frequency distribution condition of core breeding groups is analyzed, whether vertnin molecular breeding targets of the core breeding groups are consistent with on-site practical breeding targets is analyzed and judged, and the feasibility of the vertnin assisted selection breeding is evaluated among the core breeding groups of each strain; an appropriate molecular marker assist method is formulated; an effective application tracking method is established. With the adoption of the method, multi-vertnin molecular marker assisted selection is organically combined with on-site traditional breeding, a vertin breeding method which meets requirements of enterprises and has high operability and pertinency is established, the breeding efficiency is quickly improved, and the enterprise profitability is considered.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pig molecular breeding technology field, more particularly it relates to an rib base because of molecule
Marker assisted selection breeding method.
Background technology
Existing is the most all scientific research about rib base because of the molecular marker assisted selection breeding of (vertnin, VRTN)
Research, small part carries out gene test in kind of pig farm, but the system not forming effective more system carries out routine
Breeding Application, does not more account for effectively being combined with on-the-spot traditional breeding way, is difficult to take into account the performance of enterprises, and causing can not be long-term
Adhere to carrying out rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding at nucleus herds of breeding pigs.
Most research mainly for VRTN gene in the Genetic Variation Analysis of different swinerys, or with rib number table
The correlation analysis of type character, the most concrete for the research in terms of enterprise's molecular breeding application scheme and discussion.Some
Core group has only been carried out Molecular Detection by enterprise, does not has further Breeding Application, does not has breeding effect and the performance of enterprises
Carried out in-depth analysis, more do not account for enterprise practical operation, especially rib base because of molecule selection-breeding and existing economy
The problems such as character Breed dirction is the most consistent, need a large amount of boar to select to eliminate the product to the performance of enterprises in molecule Breeding Process
Raw considerable influence, operability is not strong, does not has to explore and seeks the Balance breeding that a kind of molecular breeding is effectively combined with traditional breeding method
Method so that at rib base because being formed without the most perfect molecular marker assisted selection application side in core group breeding
Method, causes rib base to be difficult to carry out breed improvement as conventional breeding means because of molecular marker assisted selection.
" two main effect labellings increasing pig rib number and the application in pig breeding thereof " the most prominent asking of Huang Lusheng etc.
Topic is not carry out the in-depth analysis of breeding effect and the performance of enterprises, it is impossible to be combined with existing nucleus herds of breeding pigs breeding goal,
There is no the analysis and research how enterprise applies, it is impossible to accomplish that the performance of enterprises is taken into account with breeding efficiency, and do not have concrete enterprise to answer
By method, cause enterprise cognitive not for molecular marker breeding new technique, be unfavorable for the application of molecular marker breeding new technique
Promote so that molecular breeding can not adhere to carrying out for a long time.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, in order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides and a kind of combine with traditional breeding method
Rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, the performance of enterprises can intuitively brought by the method before breeding.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, this invention takes techniques below scheme:
A kind of rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, comprise the following steps:
(1), to rib base because the phenotypic variation coefficient in breed system Market pigs and rib base are because of degree of variation
Be analyzed, the potentiality of assessment kind of pig rib number character improvement, and estimation rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding
Rear obtainable economic worth；
(2), rib base is analyzed in breed system Market pigs colony because of the dependency of type Yu economic characters, if rib base
Because type molecular breeding selects consistent with the interests of conventional herd breeding (terminal barren sow product) economic characters, then can be core breeding group
Middle using rib base because of molecule selection-breeding carry out breeding work as conventional breeding, accelerate the improvement of kind of pig rib quantity；
(3), the rib number Gene frequency distribution of existing each strain core breeding group is analyzed, integrating step (1)
Middle rib base, because of the Gene frequency distribution in breed system Market pigs, assesses each strain core breeding group's rib base because dividing
The feasibility of sub-marker assisted selection；
(4) the rib number genotype of core breeding population and the dependency of traditional breeding method major traits, are analyzed, it is judged that rib
Base because of molecule selection-breeding the most consistent with traditional breeding method major traits Breed dirction, again assess each strain boar core breeding
Group's rib base is because of the feasibility of molecular marking supplementary breeding；
(5), by above step (3) and the analysis of (4), in conjunction with the core population scale that need to improve, and on-the-spot apolegamy
With seed selection link, formulate suitable molecular marker householder method；Population size is the biggest, selects space the biggest, and molecular marker is with existing
It is higher that field phenotype test character combines the accuracy selected, if core group scale is less, selects space little, then can use and first focus on
The selection of boar, under sow selection-breeding phenotype at the scene equal conditions, prioritizing selection advantage allelotype.
(6), set up and effectively follow the tracks of application process, scene application is carried out recruitment evaluation and regulates and controls at any time.
Wherein in some embodiments, described in step (1), phenotypic variation coefficient and genovariation degree are to utilize R software
It is analyzed；The measurement judge index of described phenotypic variation coefficient and genovariation degree is: rib number phenotypic variation coefficient
(Coefficient of Variation, CV embody rib number variation degree in breed system Market pigs), different supporting meat
Market ratio (phenotype distribution situation can be assessed, income etc. after measurable improvement) and rib number shared by pig difference rib number phenotype
(minimum gene frequency, for assessing the degree of variation of VRTN gene, if MAF < 0.05 in theory, illustrates this position to gene M AF
Point substantially isozygoty, if MAF > 0.05, illustrate colony exist make a variation, then can carry out molecular marker assisted selection), each genotypic frequency
Hereditary effect between distribution situation (quantity taking around improvement colony can be calculated) and genotype and rib number phenotype
Analyze (can verify that gene effectiveness and estimate improvement benefit).Rib number character improvement Potential Evaluation is according to being: breed system business
Product barren sow phenotypic variation coefficient (CV) are more than 0.01, and genotypic variation degree (MAF) represents that more than 0.05 rib number character exists
Boar colony has the potentiality of improvement.
Wherein in some embodiments, described in step (1), after breeding, the computing formula of obtainable economic worth is as follows:
Income=listing barren sow number × (qq type pig frequency * 1+Qq type pig frequency * 0.5) × Os Sus domestica price × 1 increased after improvement
(1 jin).This formula mainly estimates the potentiality of improvement according to genotype situation and rib number phenotype situation, with a pair rib one
Jin calculates.
Wherein in some embodiments, described in step (2), economic characters are feedstuff-meat ratio, daily gain, the thickness of backfat, lean meat
Rate and appearance traits isophenous character.
Wherein in some embodiments, described rib number genotype molecular breeding selects and conventional herd breeding (terminal barren sow product
Product) basis for estimation that economic interests are consistent is: the character such as rib number genotype and lean meat percentage, daily gain, conformation score are just
It is correlated with or non-correlation, with the thickness of backfat, feedstuff-meat ratio negative correlation or non-correlation.
Wherein in some embodiments, commented by each strain core group rib number frequency of gene distribution described in step (3)
Estimate each strain core breeding group's rib base feasibility because of assisted selection according to being: exist a certain degree of in colony
Genovariation, its advantage gene frequency (Q gene frequency) is more than 0.3, is advisable less than 1, the biggest more easily carry out rib number
Gene-assisted selection.If being less than 0.3, the advantage allele range of choice is too small, and selection-breeding is the most difficult.
Wherein in some embodiments, described in step (4), traditional breeding method major traits is feedstuff-meat ratio, daily gain, back fat
Thickness, lean meat percentage, maternal index, paternal index and appearance traits isophenous character.
Wherein in some embodiments, rib base described in step (4) because of with traditional breeding method major traits Breed dirction
Consistent basis for estimation is: if rib number genotype and lean meat percentage, daily gain, maternal index, paternal index, appearance traits positive
Close or non-correlation, with the thickness of backfat, feedstuff-meat ratio negative correlation or non-correlation.
Wherein in some embodiments, the molecular breeding method set up described in step (5) mainly considers step (3)
(4), its main method is: first, rib base because of molecule selection-breeding consistent with traditional breeding method Breed dirction, when selecting and remain by excellent
Gesture allelotype is as the essential condition selected；If different from above-mentioned situation, contradict with some Breeding Traits, then need
Balance breeding, considers breeding station feeding and management situation, market development needs, take with the selection-breeding of on-site measurement character be first
First reference, rib number genotype is the second reference, the boar of equal performance when selecting and remain, preponderant genotype of preferentially selecting and remain
Body, does not do essential condition and selects and remain.Secondly, when rib number gene frequency is more than 0.80, selecting and remain boar and sow simultaneously
Middle selection advantage genotype individuals；If rib number gene frequency is 0.6-0.80, the most only the selection advantage gene when boar is selected and remain
Type is individual；If rib number gene frequency is less than 0.6, then requires nothing more than mensuration phenotype when selecting and remain and show down on an equal basis, advantage of preferentially selecting and remain
Genotype individuals.By this kind of method, for a long time adhere to select, can be gradually completing rib base because of optimization.Both the above is different
The method of situation, it is achieved that pig molecular breeding organically combines with on-site conventional breeding, is suitable for the application of boar enterprise, can quickly improve
Breeding efficiency and take into account the performance of enterprises.
Wherein in some embodiments, the application tracking method described in step (6) is broadly divided into the following aspects: every
The moon, core breeding group's rib base was because of distribution situation；Monthly reserve kind of pig rib base for one's own use because of frequency distribution situation；Monthly match kind
Pig genotype apolegamy situation；Rib number gene-assisted selection can be monitored by the boar genotypic expression monthly chosen seeds, match
The enforcement of breeding and effect, grasp scene application dynamically, in order to abnormal conditions are made adjustment at any time.
The rib base of the present invention because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method first Commercial Populations is carried out rib number
Phenotype investigation and analysis and genotype Morbidity investigation are analyzed, and can be obtained by rib number improvement of genes by the estimation of these link analysis
Benefit, the gain and loss after the reasonable budget improvement of enterprise can be made, improve the deep layer of molecular breeding new technique cognitive, obtain
Must approve, and then actively popularization and application.Secondly, the rib number frequency of gene distribution of barren sow supporting to extensive stock is analyzed,
Body condition and the rib number level of each breed system barren sow can be assessed, can assess each strain kind pig rib number improvement potentiality, have for
Property improvement show extreme breed system strain core group.Analyze breed system barren sow colony's rib number genotype and main separation economy
Shape (feedstuff-meat ratio, daily gain, the thickness of backfat, lean meat percentage, appearance traits isophenous character)) dependency.Judge whether and existing warp
Ji character benefits consistent, could carry out the breeding of relevant purebred pig core breeding group as the common molecular selection-breeding carried out for a long time.
Existing each strain core breeding group is carried out genotype, gene frequency analysis, assessment rib number gene molecule marker auxiliary choosing
Select the feasibility of breeding.In core population, non-replicate analysis gene and the dependency of rib number phenotype, the most do not analyze and meat
Matter and the dependency of carcass trait, analyze in the inventive method is that rib base is because of the traditional breeding method of genotype Yu existing colony
Major traits (feedstuff-meat ratio, daily gain, the thickness of backfat, lean meat percentage, maternal index, paternal index, appearance traits isophenous character)
Dependency, assessment rib base because of molecule selection-breeding the most consistent with existing boar major traits Breed dirction.More than by
Analyze, the comprehensive core breeding station condition of production, can preferably formulate rib base that applicable enterprise the most persistently carries out because dividing
The application scheme of sub-marker assisted selection breeding, and using the method as improvement kind pig rib number and a kind of conventional herd breeding of body length
Effective means.Rib number gene molecule is carried out according to nucleus herds of breeding pigs scale, Gene frequency distribution, combination apolegamy, seed selection link
Marker assisted selection breeding.Analysis result is mainly combined by this link with existing colony on-site actual situations, sets up applicable
The breeding system of enterprise market demand.Application process establishes and effectively follows the tracks of application process.The method is by monthly
Core breeding group's rib base is because of distribution situation；Monthly reserve kind of pig rib base for one's own use because of frequency distribution situation；Monthly match boar
Genotype apolegamy situation；The analysis and summary of the boar genotypic expression situation by monthly choosing seeds, matching, can monitor rib number
The enforcement of gene-assisted selection breeding and effect, in order to abnormal conditions are made adjustment so that rib base because of molecular marker auxiliary
Help selection to be used effectively, instruct at any time, adjust, strengthen rib base and realize because of the on-the-spot of molecular breeding, quickly improve effect
Rate.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
1, the rib base of the present invention because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method according to joining in enterprise market of raising pigs
Rib number phenotype in set barren sow and genotypic frequency distribution situation, obtainable economic worth after estimation breeding, can be intuitively
Allow enterprise recognize the direct benefit that the application of this technical method brings, promote that molecular breeding technology is answered by kind of a pig breeding enterprise
From a passive one to an active one by attitude, improve the sense of trust to new technique, play an active part in exploitation and the popularization of new technique；
2, the rib base of the present invention because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method carry out for fixing matching system
Compliance test result and frequency and Breeding Traits analysis, for the supporting situation that enterprise is different, formulate different rib bases because educating
Plant strategy, set up different breeding methods；
3, the rib base of the present invention because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method by genotype and Breeding Traits
Correlation analysis, assessment molecular marker assisted selection breeding and the concordance of on-the-spot breeding goal, by the analysis of different links, root
According to demand and the situation of actual market, set up targetedly be suitable for kind pig breeding scheme that enterprise carries out and invented for
Concrete tracking in seed selection, apolegamy link application, the continuable tracking application system of Erecting and improving；
4, the rib base of the present invention because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method can make multiple rib number gene molecule
Marker assisted selection organically combines with on-site conventional breeding, sets up and meets enterprise demand, rib workable, with strong points
Base, because of (VRTN) molecular breeding method, quickly improves breeding efficiency, takes into account the performance of enterprises；
5, the rib base of the present invention because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method by set up for scene choose seeds, choosing
Join the tracking of link so that rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection be used effectively, instruct at any time, adjust, add
The strong rib base on-the-spot realization because of molecular breeding, quickly improves efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the molecular marker assisted selection breeding method of the VRTN gene in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is rib number phenotype distribution figure in different coordinates barren sows in embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail below by way of the drawings and specific embodiments.
The experiment material related in following example if no special instructions, derives from commercially available, is adopted in following example
The routine operation that is well known to the skilled person of operation.
The molecular marker assisted selection breeding method of embodiment 1VRTN gene
Referring to Fig. 1, the rib base of the present embodiment includes as follows because of the foundation of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method
Step (is analyzed) as a example by certain company:
1、Utilize R software analysis rib number phenotypic variation in breed system Market pigs, phenotype distribution situation, rib number The gene frequency of gene, genotype distribution situation and genotype and phenotypic genetic effect.
Analysis result is as follows: in Market pigs, rib base is because of genetic effect analysis such as table 1: utilize R software to be lost
Pass effect analysis and rib number phenotypic variation coefficient calculations.In genetic effect analysis, demonstrate in terminal business barren sow QQ type relatively
The how close 1 pair of rib of qq type pig, can carry out early gene improvement of choosing seeds.The rib number phenotypic variation coefficient of whole commodity group is
5%, major part pig be 15-16 to Os Sus domestica, small part 14 is to Os Sus domestica.If it is 15,16 right for the pig of 14 pairs being improved, will
Obtain huge income.
Table 1 rib base is because of effect analysis and phenotypic variation coefficient in Market pigs
Company difference coordinates pig rib number performance situation analysis such as Fig. 2: the rib number of three miscellaneous barren sows in company barren sow
Behaving oneself best, it is mostly 15-16 pair, and 16 to for most in breed system；Four miscellaneous 14 at most, but 16 pairs of ribs are miscellaneous more than five
Pig；Most to rib of five miscellaneous pigs 15,16 pairs of ribs minimum.In general, the rib number of three miscellaneous pigs behaves oneself best, four miscellaneous,
Five miscellaneous have bigger room for promotion.
Utilize R software analysis rib base because of genotype distribution situation, the phase of genotype and primary growth economic characters
Guan Xing, result such as table 2 below, 3: analysis result q gene frequency in Wen Shi Market pigs reaches 41.55%, there is the biggest improvement sky
Between.Correlation analysis showing, rib base is because of uncorrelated with each Breeding Traits (P > 0.05). this explanation carry out rib base because of
Molecular marker assisted selection does not affect the selection of last other economic characters of Market pigs.
In table 2 Market pigs, rib base is because of frequency distribution situation
Table 3 rib number genotype and Breeding Traits dependency
2、According to the rib number phenotype in the supporting barren sow calculated and genotypic frequency distribution situation, can obtain after estimation breeding The economic worth obtained
With the one jin of calculating of a pair rib, computing formula is as follows: income=listing barren sow number × (the qq type pig increased after improvement
Frequency * 1+Qq type pig frequency * 0.5) × Os Sus domestica price × 1 (1 jin).This formula is mainly according to genotype situation and rib
Number phenotype situation estimates the potentiality of improvement.
With barren sow 15,000,000 calculating that lists a company: after improvement, increasable income is: 15,000,000 × (0.16+0.49*
0.5) × 22 yuan × 1 (1 jin)=1.33 hundred million.It is 1.33 that company can obtain extra returns by molecular breeding improvement rib number character
Hundred million yuan.
3、The rib number Gene frequency distribution forming supporting existing purebred core breeding population is analyzed
The rib base of different lines core breeding group is because of Gene frequency distribution situation such as table 4 below: result shows each strain
All there is variation, and Q frequency is all higher than 0.3, rib base can be carried out because of assisted selection.
Table 4 each strain core group rib number Gene frequency distribution situation
4、Utilize in R software analysis core breeding population rib base because of type and traditional breeding method major traits (feedstuff-meat ratio, day Weightening finish, the thickness of backfat, lean meat percentage, maternal index, paternal index, appearance traits isophenous character) relevance evaluation rib base Because of the concordance with conventional on-site selection-breeding.
Analysis result such as following table 5-table 10:
Table 5S11 system's genotype and each selection-breeding performance correlation analysis
Table 6S21 system's genotype and each selection-breeding performance correlation analysis
Table 7S22 system's genotype and each selection-breeding performance correlation analysis
Table 8W52 system's genotype and each selection-breeding performance correlation analysis
Table 9W54 system's genotype and each selection-breeding performance correlation analysis
Table 10W64 system's genotype and each selection-breeding performance correlation analysis
Find that rib base is because of basically identical, especially at body with on-the-spot Breeding Traits direction by the analysis of table 5-table 10
The aspect such as length, number of nipples, paternal index, index of reproduction, correction age in days, appearance scoring, QQ type pig is all demonstrated by clear superiority,
Rib base because of molecular marker auxiliary seed selection can carry out with on-the-spot conventional determining selection-breeding simultaneously.
5、Formulate suitable molecular marker-assisted selection method
Analyzed by above, formulate following molecular marker assisted selection scheme: investigate according to each strain Gene frequency distribution,
W64, W52, W54, S21, W51 can obtain improvement or purification in the short period, owing to W51, W52, W54 may carry out group expanding or weight
New establishment, if rib base is because participating in coordinating as Consideration, can complete Optimization Work faster.S11 system and S22 system purification
Work then needs to adhere to for a long time.S11 system coordinates halothane jointly to carry out molecule assisted Selection, and S22 system coordinates diarrhea gene
Carry out rib number gene test simultaneously.According to present practical situation, formulate three kinds of different rib number gene molecule assist-breedings
Scheme.
Scheme one: be suitable for two strains of S21, W51.Owing to mesh the first two strain qq individuality is less, respectively S21 (4；
1.52%), W51 (1；0.17%), and Q gene frequency is more than 0.8, specially formulates following scheme:
1. qq in current core population is eliminated individual, no matter boar sow.
2. boar is selected and remain and requires QQ individuality of as far as possible selecting and remain, if the boar Qq having performance the most outstanding is individual, allows that existence is few
Part Qq boar.If but there is the QQ individuality that performance is more or less the same in the later stage, superseded existing Qq boar need to be replaced.
3. the select and remain QQ that requires preferentially to select and remain under equal conditions of sow is individual, and Qq stays as far as possible less, temporarily allows and selects and remain or
The small part performance the most outstanding Qq sow existed, if but the later stage have the QQ that performance is more or less the same individual, need to replace superseded existing
Qq sow.
When 4. matching, preferential use QQ boar under equal conditions.
Scheme two: W52, W64, W54.The existing genotypic proportion of situation: W52 be QQ:Qq:qq be 7:2:1, W64 and W54 product
Qq type boar negligible amounts in system, but heterozygote is more.Three above strain is required to group expanding, and quality and quantity is when group expanding
Should note simultaneously.Scheme is as follows:
1. boar need to eliminate qq individuality, selects and remain and requires QQ individuality of as far as possible selecting and remain, if the boar Qq having performance the most outstanding is individual
Body, allows and there is small part Qq boar.If but there is the QQ individuality that performance is more or less the same in the group expanding later stage, superseded existing Qq need to be replaced
Boar.
2. the select and remain QQ that requires preferentially to select and remain under equal conditions of sow is individual, and Qq stays as far as possible less, temporarily allows and selects and remain or
The small part performance the most outstanding qq sow existed.If but there is the QQ individuality that performance is more or less the same in the group expanding later stage, need to replace superseded
Existing qq sow.
When 2. matching, preferential use QQ boar under equal conditions.
Scheme three: be suitable for W64, W54, Q gene frequency is more than 0.6, less than 0.8, population size
Scheme three: S11, S22 system.Qq and qq proportion is relatively big, and Q gene frequency is less than 0.6.
1. boar is selected and remain, and superseded qq is individual in requirement；Under same performance, the QQ that preferentially selects and remain is individual.
2. sow is selected and remain and requires under same performance, and the QQ that preferentially selects and remain is individual, secondly considers that Qq is individual, if there being performance
The most outstanding qq sow, allows that there is small part exists.If but there is QQ or the Qq individuality that performance is more or less the same in the later stage, needing to replace
Eliminate existing qq sow.After qq individuality has been eliminated, if the QQ individuality having performance and heterozygote Qq individuality to be more or less the same is optional
Stay, then it is individual that QQ individuality of selecting and remain replaces the original Qq of core group.Complete step by step to update to optimize, need long-term adhering to.
When 2. matching, preferential use QQ boar under equal conditions.
6、Set up and effectively follow the tracks of application process
Establish application tracking method, scene application is carried out recruitment evaluation and regulates and controls at any time.Genotype monthly is selected
Join seed selection and carry out statistical analysis, according to data message, supervise and assess field conduct operation.
By S21 as a example by the S11 strain application tracking of month:
Table 11 underlying group genotype situation
Livestock on hand underlying group has detected genetic profile and has seen, from table, expanding propagation Duluke's sow Q gene is 75.37%, Pi Te
The ratio 57.19% of blue sow Q gene is on the low side, and boar station S21 boar Qq ratio is higher, and Q ratio is on the low side, it is still desirable to further
Select, it will be considered that eliminate part Qq boar, when selecting and remain because of strengthen to rib base because of selection.
The free pig genotype of reserving seed for planting of table 12 is followed the tracks of
In terms of upper table, sow aspect of selecting and remain has been selected and remain the sow of 2 qq, and mainly my field gestational age structure is aging seriously, plants
Pig demand is big, and the performance in terms of build and mensuration achievement of these 2 pigs preferably, is therefore selected and remain and used into expanding propagation group.
Table 13 rib base is implemented because of apolegamy and is followed the tracks of
Gene apolegamy implementation of conditions, are affected by breeding manifold, and S11QQ boar semen is not enough, when concentrating breeding
Because of breeding house, to add the sow joined more temporarily, and QQ boar semen does not has, and therefore causes the sow having 4 nest pig Qq to join qq；Whole
Body has the insemination of sows that 30 Qq boars join Qq.
Carrying out molecular selection by above method, its selection-breeding effect is obvious, and within 1 year, Breeding Effect is as follows:
Table 14 breeding population current livestock on hand gene frequency situation
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (10)
1. a rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1), rib number phenotypic variation coefficient in breed system Market pigs and rib base are analyzed because of degree of variation,
The potentiality of assessment kind pig rib number character improvement；Estimation rib base because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding after obtainable warp
Ji is worth；
(2), rib base is analyzed in breed system Market pigs colony because of the dependency of type Yu economic characters, if rib number genotype
Molecular breeding select consistent with the interests of economic characters, then can in core breeding group by rib base because of molecule selection-breeding work
For conventional breeding methods, accelerate the improvement of kind of pig rib quantity；
(3), the rib number Gene frequency distribution of existing each strain core breeding group is analyzed, integrating step (1) middle rib
Bone base, because of the Gene frequency distribution in breed system Market pigs, assesses each strain core breeding group's rib number gene molecule mark
The feasibility of note assisted Selection；
(4) the rib number genotype of core breeding population and the dependency of traditional breeding method major traits, are analyzed, it is judged that rib base
The molecule selection-breeding of cause is the most consistent with traditional breeding method major traits Breed dirction, again assesses each strain boar core breeding group's rib
Bone base is because of the feasibility of molecular marker assisted selection；
(5), by step (3) and the analysis of (4), in conjunction with the core population scale that need to optimize, and on-the-spot ring of matching and choose seeds
Joint, formulates suitable molecular marker householder method；
(6), application process is effectively followed the tracks of in foundation.
Rib base the most according to claim 1 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(1) in, the assessment of rib number character improvement potentiality is according to being: breed system Market pigs phenotypic variation coefficient is more than 0.01, rib number
Genotypic variation degree is more than 0.05, then it represents that rib number character has the potentiality of improvement in boar colony.
Rib base the most according to claim 1 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(2) economic characters described in are feedstuff-meat ratio, daily gain, the thickness of backfat, lean meat percentage and appearance traits.
Rib base the most according to claim 3 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(2) the genotype molecular breeding of rib number described in selects the basis for estimation consistent with breed system Market pigs economic characters interests
For: rib number genotype and lean meat percentage, daily gain, appearance traits positive correlation or non-correlation, with the thickness of backfat, feedstuff-meat ratio negative correlation
Or non-correlation.
Rib base the most according to claim 1 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(3) each strain core breeding group's rib base feasibility because of assisted selection is assessed according to being: exist certain in colony
The genovariation of degree, its advantage gene frequency be more than 0.3, less than 1, the biggest easily carry out rib base because of auxiliary choosing
Select.
Rib base the most according to claim 1 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(4) traditional breeding method major traits described in is feedstuff-meat ratio, daily gain, the thickness of backfat, lean meat percentage, maternal index, paternal index and body
Type appearance.
Rib base the most according to claim 6 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(4) rib base described in because of the basis for estimation consistent with traditional breeding method major traits Breed dirction is: if rib number genotype
With lean meat percentage, daily gain, maternal index, paternal index, appearance traits positive correlation or non-correlation, bear with the thickness of backfat, feedstuff-meat ratio
It is correlated with or non-correlation.
Rib base the most according to claim 1 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(5) formulating method of molecular marker householder method suitable described in is: first, rib base because of molecule selection-breeding educate with tradition
Plant Breed dirction consistent, when selecting and remain using advantage allelotype as the essential condition selected；If it is different from above-mentioned situation,
Contradict with some Breeding Traits, then need Balance breeding, consider breeding station feeding and management situation, market development needs,
Taking first is the first reference with the selection-breeding of on-site measurement character, and rib number genotype is the second reference, equal performance table when selecting and remain
Existing boar, preponderant genotype of preferentially selecting and remain is individual, does not do essential condition and selects and remain；Secondly, when rib number gene frequency is big
In 0.80, simultaneously selection advantage genotype individuals in the selecting and remain of boar and sow；If rib number gene frequency is 0.6-0.80,
The most only selection advantage genotype individuals when boar is selected and remain；If rib number gene frequency is less than 0.6, then requires nothing more than and measure when selecting and remain
Phenotype shows down on an equal basis, and preponderant genotype of preferentially selecting and remain is individual.
Rib base the most according to claim 1 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is characterised in that step
(6) the application tracking method described in is: monthly core breeding group rib base is because of distribution situation；Monthly reserve kind of a pig rib number for one's own use
Gene frequency distribution situation；Monthly apolegamy boar genotype apolegamy situation；By the boar genotypic expression monthly chosen seeds, match
Monitoring rib base, because of the enforcement of assisted selection and effect, grasps scene application dynamically, in order to abnormal conditions are made at any time
Adjust.
10. according to the rib base described in any one of claim 1～9 because of molecular marker assisted selection breeding method, it is special
Levy and be, breed system meat sold on the market swinery described in phenotypic variation coefficient described in step (1) and genovariation degree, step (2)
In body rib base because of core breeding population described in type and the dependency of economic characters, step (4) rib number genotype with
The dependency of traditional breeding method major traits all utilizes R software to be analyzed；Phenotypic variation coefficient and base described in step (1)
Because the measurement judge index of degree of variation is: shared by rib number phenotypic variation coefficient, different supporting barren sow difference rib number phenotype
Market ratio and rib base are because of MAF, each genotypic frequency.
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