CN105975670A - Method for accurately simulating gear-shifting synchronization time of lock ring type automobile synchronizer - Google Patents

Method for accurately simulating gear-shifting synchronization time of lock ring type automobile synchronizer Download PDF

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CN105975670A
CN105975670A CN201610283619.7A CN201610283619A CN105975670A CN 105975670 A CN105975670 A CN 105975670A CN 201610283619 A CN201610283619 A CN 201610283619A CN 105975670 A CN105975670 A CN 105975670A
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lock
time
tooth
stage
input
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CN105975670B (en
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褚超美
顾放
顾建华
缪国
池会强
谭辉
于恒
孙毅
单晓峰
宗邦飞
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Shanghai Automobile Gear Works
University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for accurately simulating gear-shifting synchronization time of a lock ring type automobile synchronizer. For accurately simulating and solving the synchronization time of the lock ring type synchronizer, the invention proposes a novel gear-shifting synchronization process division method; a gear-shifting synchronization process is divided into five stages; gear sleeve displacement and input-end angular speed change models are established by stages; and synchronization time of simulated measurement and calculation is accurately equivalent to locking synchronization stage time in an actual working condition of the synchronizer. In addition, for improving the accuracy of a simulation result, the actual condition is considered and a dynamic variable is introduced to simulate change of a real frictional coefficient for the value-taking problem of a coefficient of friction between conical surfaces. Finally, synchronization time measured and calculated by the gear displacement change simulation model and the input/output-end angular speed change model is subjected to comparative verification, so that an obtained result is more credible. By use of the method provided by the invention, a simulated measurement and calculation result obtained by utilizing the simulation models is more accurate than synchronization time obtained by a conventional simulation method and is closer to actual synchronization time.

Description

A kind of lock ring type automobile synchronizer gearshift method of accurately simulating lock in time
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of simulation analysis technology, particularly to a kind of lock ring type automobile synchronizer gearshift essence lock in time The really method of simulation.
Background technology
Variator is the important component part of vehicle drive system, and the quality of its performance directly influences the property of drive system Energy.And lock unit is as a critical component in variator, its effect is when shift of transmission, makes the gear that rotating speed does not waits Engage each other again when reaching " synchronization ", provide convenient for gear shift operation smooth-going.Synchronize capacity i.e. lock in time as lock unit The important indicator of net synchronization capability, the most still as domestic and international researcher emphasis tackling key problem.
The most both at home and abroad about the method for lock unit simulation analysis lock in time, when still primarily focusing on lock unit synchronization Between the foundation of mathematical model.The scholars such as external Socin are in phase late 1960s, by synchronizing lock unit and locking process Careful research and analysis, establish and synchronize and the mathematical model of locking process；But synchronizing process is not carried out the most meticulously Divide, synchronizer shift lock in time will be all lock in time etc. roughly, thus the obtained simulation result time is with actual Lock in time, difference was bigger.It addition, during for synchronizing locking, the coefficient of friction value between cone of friction, the most both at home and abroad Research is simplified model, and usual value is constant value.And under practical situation, coefficient of friction is in the middle of dynamically change often, this is again Reduce further phantom accuracy.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the lock in time of accurate analog approach lock ring type lock unit, improve the accurate of simulation result Degree.To this end, present invention employs techniques below scheme:
A kind of lock ring type automobile synchronizer gearshift method of accurately simulating lock in time, comprises the steps:
(1) synchronizer shift synchronizing process is subdivided into five stages: presynchronization stage, locking synchronous phase, unblock rank Section, art skating stage and engagement stage, the lock unit gearshift of analog approach emulates corresponding to locking synchronous phase lock in time Used time；
(2) set up the most respectively tooth overlap axial displacement with simulation time variation model, emphasis set up the presynchronization stage and Locking synchronous phase tooth overlaps axial displacement with simulation time variation model；
(3) emphasis set up locking synchronous phase input, outfan angular velocity with simulation time variation model, solve acquisition and change Gear Δ t lock in time；
(4) synchronize locking stage model to set up, control variable tooth set shift value is set and reaches S first3, input, export End angular velocity starts change, corresponding to synchronizing locking stage start time t3；
(5) synchronize locking stage model to set up, input, outfan angular velocity are set the most in the same time for t4=t3+ Δ t, tooth set Axially displacement is no longer obstructed and is kept S3Constant, continue to add up with simulation time；
(6) by the corresponding relation between tooth set displacement and input, Output speed and simulation time, accurate measure synchronizes Device gear shift lock in time
Further, described step (1) uses study mechanism method stage by stage, synchronizer shift synchronizing process is subdivided into Five stages, the locking synchronous phase being accurately located in five stages lock in time that lock ring type automobile synchronizer is shifted gears.
Further, five described stages are respectively as follows:
(1) the presynchronization stage: under the effect of gear shifting force, tooth set axial slip；Simultaneously under the effect of moment of friction, lock Ring turns over corresponding angle relative to outfan；It is the presynchronization stage that this lock ring first moves axially the process circumferentially rotated afterwards；
(2) locking synchronous phase: tooth set slide onto tooth set soldered tooth locking face, and with synchrolock engagement of loops tooth locking face phase The process of contact mutually；
(3) unlocking phases: lock ring returns to the process of initial position under ring moment loading；
(4) the art skating stage: after tooth set unlocks, axial tooth set is no longer influenced by the prevention of lock ring, the most mobile to tooth set Soldered tooth locking face, until contacting with engaging gear ring soldered tooth locking face；This section of tooth set soldered tooth change in location process is certainly By coast period；
(5) engagement stage: after the art skating stage, tooth set soldered tooth locking face connects with engaging gear ring soldered tooth locking face Touch moment.
Further, described step (6)Middle angular accelerationFor variable quantity, due to cone during actual synchronization Friction factor between face is change；In formula, input, outfan angle rotation speed difference deltan ω=ω2-ω1, moment of friction is to input The angular acceleration producedWherein, lock unit input rotational speed omega2, microsyn output end rotational speed omega1。
Further, the angular acceleration that described input producesThe expression formula of moment of friction: Mr=μcFAR/ sin α；Wherein, equivalence is J to the equivalent rotary inertia of transmission inputα, the friction factor between cone of friction is μc, friction Conical surface semi-cone angle α, acting on the gear shifting force on combined cover is FA, cone of friction average equivalent bevel radius is R.
Further, the friction factor μ between described cone of frictionc=ε fs+(1-ε)fo, in formula: fsFor solid friction because of Number, ε is the percent that between the conical surface, solid contact area is shared in real contact area, foFor oil drag factor, and oil film Friction factor foMuch smaller than solid friction factor fs。
Further, the t in described step (4), (5)3、t4Correspond respectively to input, outfan angular velocity when starting to change Quarter and input, outfan angular velocity the most in the same time, then can solve acquisition Δ t=lock in time according to tooth set Displacement simulation model t4-t3。
Further, described step (6) solves acquisition Δ t=t according to tooth set displacement model4-t3, input, outfan angle again Rate pattern solves acquisitionBy the corresponding pass between tooth set displacement and input, Output speed and simulation time System, all can calculate synchronizer shift lock in time, the two solves acquisition Δ t and contrasts, can reach the effect being mutually authenticated.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, compared with prior art, the invention have the advantages that
Use based on Analysis on Mechanism theoretical method stage by stage, whole for lock unit synchronizing process is segmented five stages, relatively In the division to lock unit work process of other research methoies, synchronizing process has been carried out describing the most meticulously by the method.Imitative The locking synchronous phase emulation used time that lock in time is accurately equal in lock unit real work situation by true results of measuring.
For coefficient of friction problems of value between the conical surface, consider practical situation especially, introduce dynamic variable simulation realistic tribological Index variation, the lock in time that the more previous emulation mode of the simulation result that obtains obtains is more accurate, closer to reality with The step time.It addition, tooth to be overlapped Δ t lock in time of change in displacement phantom and the measuring and calculating of input/output terminal angular velocity variation model Carrying out contrast verification, the result obtained is more accurately and reliably.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is that block flow diagram set up by lock ring type lock unit synchronizing process model of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is lock ring type lock unit synchronizing process of the present invention each phase displacement variation diagram；
Fig. 3 is lock ring type lock unit synchronizing process input each stage angular velocity variation diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is coefficient of friction variation diagram in each period between the lock ring type lock unit synchronous phase conical surface of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that lock ring type lock unit synchronizing process each stage tooth of the present invention overlaps displacement, input angular velocity variation instance figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Understandable for enabling the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, feature and advantage to become apparent from, real with concrete below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings The present invention is further detailed explanation to execute mode.
Refer to Fig. 1 is that block flow diagram set up by lock ring type lock unit synchronizing process model of the present invention, and the inventive method can Accurately simulate and calculate synchronizer shift lock in time, specifically include following steps:
(1) synchronizer shift synchronizing process being subdivided into five stages, the lock unit of analog approach is shifted gears lock in time pair The used time should be emulated in locking synchronous phase；
(2) set up the most respectively tooth overlap axial displacement with simulation time variation model, emphasis set up the presynchronization stage and Locking synchronous phase；
(3) emphasis set up locking synchronous phase input, outfan angular velocity with simulation time variation model, solve acquisition and change Gear Δ t lock in time；
(4) synchronize locking stage model to set up, control variable tooth set shift value is set and reaches S first3, input, export End angular velocity starts change, corresponding to synchronizing locking stage start time t3；
(5) synchronize locking stage model to set up, input, outfan angular velocity are set the most in the same time for t4=t3+ Δ t, tooth set Axially displacement is no longer obstructed and is kept S3Constant, continue to add up with simulation time；
(6) by the corresponding relation between tooth set displacement and input, Output speed and simulation time, accurate measure synchronizes Device gear shift lock in time
Gear shift synchronizing process is subdivided into five stages by step (1): the presynchronization stage, locking synchronous phase, unlocking phases, Art skating stage and engagement stage, lock unit gearshift Δ t lock in time of analog approach emulates corresponding to locking synchronous phase Used time.
Step (2) is set up tooth the most respectively and is overlapped axial displacement with simulation time variation model, each stage model of foundation, According to framework flow process as shown in Figure 1, each stage tooth set change in displacement is overlapped according to order, is formed and a set of synchronize completely Process tooth set change in displacement model.Finally, by synchronizing the set displacement of locking stage tooth and input, outfan angular velocity changing pattern Type, calculates synchronizer shift Δ lock in time t.How lock ring type lock unit synchronizing process each phase displacement model is set up, tool Body Model is as follows:
(1) the presynchronization stage
Under the effect of gear shifting force, tooth set axial slip；Simultaneously under the effect of moment of friction, lock ring is relative to outfan Turn over corresponding angle.This lock ring is first moved axially the process circumferentially rotated afterwards, is defined as the presynchronization stage.
Set up this stage mathematical model, start gear shift: act on the gear shifting force on shift fork, promote tooth set, by steel ball band Movable slider sliding the most axially forward.It is analyzed as follows:
S0～S1, Δ S1=S1-S0Then Δ S1Gap for slip front face to synchronous ring lug end face.
Kinetics force analysis:
Fh-μsN=[3 (mb+m′s)+ms]a1
The frictional force between frictional force and tooth set and splined hub between slide block and splined hub contact surface comparatively speaking, can Ignore.
Can obtain:
a 1 = F h - μ s N 3 ( m b + m s ′ ) + m s
The most corresponding
v 1 = ∫ t 0 t 1 a 1 d t , s 1 = ∫ ∫ t 0 t 1 a 1 d t .
G represents acceleration of gravity；
msRepresent the quality of tooth set；
μsRepresent tooth set and resistance coefficient during splined hub contact surface relative motion；
m′sRepresent the quality of slide block；
a1Represent t0～t1The axial acceleration of time period tooth set；
N represents the normal pressure that tooth set mutually extrudes with splined hub contact surface, and can be approximately considered size is Fh；
S0=0 represents that tooth set is in the position corresponding to neutral.
Tooth is enclosed within displacement S1Place collides with lock ring, afterwards with the sliding forward of identical axial velocity together with lock ring.
According to momentum balance equation:
[3(mb+m′s)+ms]v1=[3 (mb+m′s)+ms+mr]v′1
Then can obtain:
v 1 ′ = [ 3 ( m b + m s ′ ) + m s ] [ 3 ( m b + m s ′ ) + m s + m r ] v 1
S1～S2, Δ S2=S2-S1Then Δ S2Lock ring and the axial displacement combining gear ring conical surface gap is synchronized for eliminating.According to Newton interpolation algorithm, in like manner can obtain:
Fh-μsN=[3 (mb+m′s)+ms+mr]a2
That is:
a 2 = F h - μ s N [ 3 ( m b + m s ′ ) + m s + m r ]
Try to achieve:
v 2 = ∫ t 1 t 2 a 2 d t + v 1 ′ , S 2 = ∫ ∫ t 1 t 2 a 2 d t + ∫ t 1 t 2 v 1 ′ d t + S 1 .
mrRepresent the quality synchronizing lock ring；
v′1Represent slip front and Tong Bu lock ring collision rift tooth set speed of axial slip together with synchronizing lock ring；
a2Represent t1～t2The axial acceleration of time period tooth set；
(2) locking synchronous phase
Tooth set slides onto tooth set soldered tooth locking face, and the process contacted with each other with synchrolock engagement of loops tooth locking face, fixed Justice is the locking stage.
Founding mathematical models, after the presynchronization stage terminates, tooth is enclosed within gear shifting force, steel ball under initial tension of spring effect to tooth Pull-back forces, extruding oil extraction resistance that set produces act on down relative to force of sliding friction jointly with tooth set tooth hub, continue sliding, until tooth Set soldered tooth locking face contacts with each other with synchrolock engagement of loops tooth locking face.After assuming that the presynchronization stage terminates, tooth set continues sliding Move until tooth set soldered tooth locking face contacts with each other with synchrolock engagement of loops tooth locking face, the tooth axial displacement of set:
Δs3=s3-s2.
Tooth set kinetics force analysis:
Fs=Fh-usN-Fn-κv2
Acceleration:
a 3 = F h - u s N - F n - κν 2 m s
Displacement that this stage is corresponding and velocity expression:
Speed
FsThis stage tooth set is suffered makes a concerted effort；
FhAct on the gear shifting force on shift fork；
usThe dynamic friction factor of relative motion between tooth set and tooth hub；
msThe quality of tooth set；
G acceleration of gravity；
a3The acceleration of the tooth set in this stage；
v3Tooth set displacement is s3Time corresponding axial velocity；
s2Displacement at the end of the presynchronization stage；
s3After the presynchronization stage terminates, tooth is enclosed within gear shifting force effect, continues to slide, to tooth set soldered tooth locking face with Displacement when synchronous ring soldered tooth locking face contacts；
κ synchronizes lock ring and engages oil extraction resistance coefficient between the gear ring conical surface；
V synchronizes lock ring and engages oil extraction speed between the gear ring conical surface；
Afterwards, entering locking synchronous phase, this stage tooth set shift value remains s3, until input, outfan Angular velocity keeps consistent.Tooth set displacement can be solved by presynchronization stage and locking synchronous phase and reach s first3Be to correspondence time Carve t3。
The tooth set change in displacement mathematical model of unlocking phases, art skating stage and engagement stage is to measuring and calculating synchronizer shift Lock in time, Δ t was unrelated, did not the most do labor explanation, was also why emphasis sets up presynchronization stage and locking synchronization The reason in stage.
Step (3) input, outfan angular velocity variation model, it is contemplated that the outfan rotary inertia that is connected with car load is relatively big, It is contemplated that rotating speed is constant, then input, outfan angular velocity synchronizing process i.e. input angular velocity are by certain angular acceleration change Finally it is equal to the process of outfan angular velocity.Lock in time accurate computational mathematics model:In formula, input, Outfan angle rotation speed difference deltan ω=ω2-ω1, angular acceleration that input is produced by moment of frictionWherein, lock unit input Rotational speed omega2, microsyn output end rotational speed omega1。
Further, synchronous phase input angular velocity variation model:The wherein expression of moment of friction Formula: Mr=μcFAR/sin α.Wherein, the equivalent rotary inertia J of transmission input is arrived in equivalence0, friction between cone of friction because of Number is μc, cone of friction semi-cone angle α, act on the gear shifting force F on combined coverA, cone of friction average equivalent bevel radius R.
As it is shown on figure 3, input angular velocity is in t3In the moment, finally it is equal to output by certain angular acceleration change End, keeps the angular velocity identical with outfan afterwards.During actual synchronization due to the friction factor between the conical surface be change, its Friction factor change between the conical surface can be specifically divided into three phases, and the friction factor variation tendency of three phases corresponds to following three Individual period: I represents the mild phase, and II represents and once aggravates the phase, and III represents the secondary aggravation phase.The friction factor change of three phases Trend can calculate by following formula:
μc=ε fs+(1-ε)fo
In formula, fsSolid friction factor；
The percent that between the ε conical surface, solid contact area is shared in real contact area；
foOil drag factor, and oil drag factor is much smaller than solid friction factor.
According to synchronizing the input of locking stage, outfan angular velocity variation model, can accurately calculate acquisition Δ t lock in time.
Step (4), (5) tooth set shift value remains s3The constant time period is t3～t4, as in figure 2 it is shown, be apparent from t4Time Carve tooth corresponding to (i.e. input, outfan angular velocity are the most in the same time) and overlap displacement first more than s3.After locking synchronous phase terminates, right Tooth set displacement is made to determine whether more than s3.Judgement is, then the displacement of output gear set is first more than s3Corresponding moment t4.Pass through tooth Set displacement model, the lock in time obtained is Δ t=t4-t3。
Step (6) synchronous phase input angular velocity changes the lock in time obtainedTooth set change in displacement is surveyed Δ t=t lock in time calculated4-t3, the result of the two measuring and calculating gained can be contrasted, reach the effect being mutually authenticated.
With certain minicar list conical surface lock ring type lock unit as object of study, it is assumed that this lock unit assembly is according to standard Assemble.Lock unit 3 is kept off fall 2 gear gear shift synchronizing processes as an example, analog approach lock in time, concrete steps:
Synchronizer shift synchronizing process is divided into five stages by step (1), step (2), sets up tooth stage by stage and overlaps axial position Move with simulation time variation model, by numerical value input models such as lock unit general assembly parameter and structural parameters, each stage can be obtained Tooth set displacement specifically changes, as shown in Fig. 5 example teeth set change in displacement.Being overlapped change in displacement from Fig. 5 tooth, tooth set displacement is at lock Only the synchronous phase beginning reaches S first3=0.0125m, maintains this value constant until locking synchronous phase terminates, by sentencing afterwards Break to solve to export and reach S first3Corresponding moment t3=0.075s.
Step (3) input angular velocity changes with simulation time, and each stage input angular velocity specifically changes Fig. 5 such as and inputs Shown in end angular velocity change.As seen from the figure, input angular velocity be in the presynchronization stage keep constant.t3=0.075s the moment, Angular velocity starts to reduce, after the Δ t time, in t4=t3+ Δ t, input/output terminal angular velocity reaches to synchronize.
Solve the relevant parameter that relates to during Δ t calculates: lock unit input rotational speed omega2=315.12 (rad s-1), with Step device outfan rotational speed omega1=227.78 (rad s-1), the equivalent rotary inertia J of equivalence to transmission input0=0.1084 (kg·m2), the friction factor between cone of friction is μc, cone of friction semi-cone angle α=6.5 (°), act on the gearshift on combined cover Power FA=510N, cone of friction average equivalent bevel radius R=33.5mm.Then according to expression formula lock in time:
Δ t = Δ ω / ∂
In formula: input, outfan angle rotation speed difference deltan ω=ω2-ω1, angular acceleration that input is produced by moment of frictionThe wherein expression formula of moment of friction: Mr=μcFAR/sinα.Friction factor μ between cone of friction herecIt is in dynamic State changes, corresponding three period friction factor value specifically change as shown in Figure 4.By dynamic frictional coefficient μcBring Δ t into ask Solution touches type, it is thus achieved that Δ t=0.1125s.
Step (4), (5) synchronize locking stage model and set up, and arrange control variable tooth set shift value and reach S first3= 0.0125m, input, outfan angular velocity start change, corresponding synchronization locking stage start time t3=0.075s.Arrange simultaneously This stage terminates, and input, outfan angular velocity are t mutually in the same time4=t3+ Δ t, the tooth axial displacement of set is no longer obstructed and is kept S3No Become, continue to add up with simulation time.
As it is shown in figure 5, solve acquisition tooth set displacement first more than S by locking synchronous phase tooth set displacement model3(the most defeated Enter, outfan angular velocity synchronization point) corresponding to t in Fig. 34=0.1875s the moment, now input, outfan angular velocity identical It is 227.78 (rad s-1).So, lock in time Δ t=t4-t3=0.1125s.
Step (6) overlaps the corresponding relation between displacement and input, Output speed and simulation time by synchronous phase tooth, All measuring and calculating obtain synchronizer shift lock in timeReach the effect being mutually authenticated simultaneously.
The present invention, with regard to automobile synchronizer accurate measure lock in time problem, proposes a kind of Novel Modeling emulation mode, it is possible to Accurate simulation automobile synchronizer synchronizing process, and accurately calculate lock in time.The method using Analysis on Mechanism stage by stage, will Synchronizing process is subdivided into five stages, and relative to tradition division methods, the lock in time solved is corresponded precisely to lock by the present invention Only synchronous phase (actual synchronization time), rather than traditional lock unit is started working to input, outfan synchronization Corresponding time (simulation time needed for presynchronization stage the most of the present invention and locking synchronous phase), the present invention solves acquisitionAnd tradition solves acquisition Δ t=t4=0.1875s, it is clear that error is bigger.
Additionally, it is contemplated that coefficient of friction synchronizes the practical situation of locking stage value between the conical surface, introduce dynamic variable simulation true Real coefficientoffrictionμcChange, substitution solves.Research at present, only by μcIt is set to constant value substitute intoSolve, this example is ground Study carefully object, it is assumed that μc=0.065, solve acquisition Δ t=0.0923s.Solve acquisition Δ t to have two groups with Shanghai automotive transmission The platform experiment data measured Δ t=0.15 that limit company provides, it is evident that adopt dynamics change coefficientoffrictionμcSolve acquisition Δ t Closer to the actual synchronization time.
Finally, Δ t=t is obtained by the corresponding relation between tooth set displacement and simulation time4-t3, input, output angle speed Corresponding relation between degree and simulation time obtainsAll measuring and calculating obtain synchronizer shift Δ lock in time t.To the two Solve acquisition Δ t to contrast, can reach the effect being mutually authenticated.
It is appreciated that above-mentioned steps precedence logic is tight, can not arbitrarily change.Especially for locking synchronous phase tooth Set Bit andits control part, input, outfan angular velocity start to change the moment, tooth set displacement reach S first3Moment t3Determine；With Step locking stage tooth set displacement is no longer obstructed and is kept S3The constant moment, by input, outfan angular velocity synchronization point t4=t3+Δt Determine.To sum up describing, lock in time there is the restriction of obvious logic space-time order in Δ t solution procedure, therefore can not arbitrarily change.
Above to a kind of lock ring type automobile synchronizer provided by the present invention gearshift method of accurately simulating lock in time, enter Go and be discussed in detail, and introduced concrete application example principle and the embodiment of the present invention are set forth, above enforcement The explanation of example is only intended to help to understand method and the core concept thereof of the present invention；General technology people simultaneously for this area Member, according to the thought of the present invention, the most all will change, in sum, and this explanation Book content should not be construed as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the method that lock ring type automobile synchronizer gearshift is accurately simulated lock in time, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) synchronizer shift synchronizing process is subdivided into five stages: the presynchronization stage, locking synchronous phase, unlocking phases, from By coast period and engagement stage, the lock unit gearshift of analog approach emulates the used time corresponding to locking synchronous phase lock in time；
(2) set up the most respectively tooth overlap axial displacement with simulation time variation model, emphasis sets up presynchronization stage and locking Synchronous phase tooth overlaps axial displacement with simulation time variation model；
(3) emphasis set up locking synchronous phase input, outfan angular velocity with simulation time variation model, solve acquisition gearshift with Step time Δ t；
(4) synchronize locking stage model to set up, control variable tooth set shift value is set and reaches S first3, input, outfan angle speed Degree starts change, corresponding to synchronizing locking stage start time t3；
(5) synchronize locking stage model to set up, input, outfan angular velocity are set the most in the same time for t4=t3+ Δ t, tooth set is axially Displacement is no longer obstructed and is kept S3Constant, continue to add up with simulation time；
(6) by the corresponding relation between tooth set displacement and input, Output speed and simulation time, accurate measure lock unit changes Shelves lock in time
2. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 1 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, it is characterised in that Described step (1) uses study mechanism method stage by stage, synchronizer shift synchronizing process is subdivided into five stages, by lock ring type The automobile synchronizer gearshift locking synchronous phase that is accurately located in five stages lock in time.
3. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 1 or 2 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, its feature exists In, five described stages are respectively as follows:
(1) the presynchronization stage: under the effect of gear shifting force, tooth set axial slip；Simultaneously under the effect of moment of friction, lock ring phase Corresponding angle is turned over for outfan；It is the presynchronization stage that this lock ring first moves axially the process circumferentially rotated afterwards；
(2) locking synchronous phase: tooth set slide onto tooth set soldered tooth locking face, and with synchrolock engagement of loops tooth locking face phase mutual connection The process touched；
(3) unlocking phases: lock ring returns to the process of initial position under ring moment loading；
(4) in the art skating stage: after tooth set unlocks, axial tooth set is no longer influenced by the prevention of lock ring, the most mobile overlapping to tooth engages Tooth locking face, until contacting with engaging gear ring soldered tooth locking face；This section of tooth set soldered tooth change in location process is free skating Row order section；
(5) engagement stage: after the art skating stage, tooth set soldered tooth locking face contacts wink with engaging gear ring soldered tooth locking face Between.
4. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 1 or 2 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, its feature exists In, described step (6)Middle angular accelerationFor variable quantity, during actual synchronization due to the friction between the conical surface because of Number is change；In formula, input, outfan angle rotation speed difference deltan ω=ω2-ω1, the angle that input is produced by moment of friction is accelerated DegreeWherein, lock unit input rotational speed omega2, microsyn output end rotational speed omega1。
5. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 4 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, described input The angular acceleration that end producesThe expression formula of moment of friction: Mr=μcFAR/sinα；Wherein, equivalence is defeated to variator The equivalent rotary inertia entering end is J0, the friction factor between cone of friction is μc, cone of friction semi-cone angle α, act on combined cover Gear shifting force be FA, cone of friction average equivalent bevel radius is R.
6. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 5 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, described cone of friction Friction factor μ between facec=ε fs+(1-ε)fo, in formula: fsFor solid friction factor, ε be between the conical surface solid contact area very Percent shared in real contact area, foFor oil drag factor, and oil drag factor foMuch smaller than solid friction factor fs。
7. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 1 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, it is characterised in that T in described step (4), (5)3、t4Correspond respectively to input, outfan angular velocity starts to change moment and input, outfan angle Speed the most in the same time, then can solve acquisition Δ t=t lock in time according to tooth set Displacement simulation model4-t3。
8. the method that the gearshift of as claimed in claim 1 lock ring type automobile synchronizer is accurately simulated lock in time, it is characterised in that Described step (6) solves acquisition Δ t=t according to tooth set displacement model4-t3, input again, outfan angular velocity model solution obtainBy the corresponding relation between tooth set displacement and input, Output speed and simulation time, synchronization all can be calculated Device gear shift lock in time, the two is solved acquisition Δ t and contrasts, can reach the effect being mutually authenticated.
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WO2019076240A1 (en) * 2017-10-20 2019-04-25 Ningbo Geely Automobile Research & Development Co., Ltd. Method for synchronisation of a first transmission component
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CN110309614A (en) * 2019-07-09 2019-10-08 重庆大学 A kind of synchronizer shift emulation mode
CN114896700A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-12 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Lock pin type synchronizer design method and device and computer equipment
CN114896700B (en) * 2022-05-24 2024-06-04 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Design method, device and computer equipment of lock pin type synchronizer

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