CN105974475B - A kind of time and depth transfer method - Google Patents
A kind of time and depth transfer method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105974475B CN105974475B CN201610475988.6A CN201610475988A CN105974475B CN 105974475 B CN105974475 B CN 105974475B CN 201610475988 A CN201610475988 A CN 201610475988A CN 105974475 B CN105974475 B CN 105974475B
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/32—Transforming one recording into another or one representation into another
- G01V1/325—Transforming one representation into another
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/40—Transforming data representation
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of time and depth transfer method.The time and depth transfer method comprises the following steps：Time and depth transfer is carried out using direct rule of three, obtains the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain；Time and depth transfer is carried out using map migration method, obtains the second layer bit depth of Depth Domain；The first layer bit depth of the Depth Domain and the second layer bit depth weight to obtain the end layer bit depth of time and depth transfer；Wherein, in the weighting step, the weight coefficient of the first layer bit depth of the Depth Domain and the second layer bit depth of the Depth Domain determines that the span of the weight coefficient is [0,1] according to the Geologic Structure Feature in the region.The time and depth transfer method of the application both can guarantee that stability, and and can improves the effect of time and depth transfer so that the reasonability of time and depth transfer has larger lifting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical exploration technology, and more particularly, being related to one kind can be by seism processing and ground
The time-domain layer position of shake data interpretation link is transformed into the time and depth transfer method of Depth Domain.
Background technology
, it is necessary to carry out time and depth transfer in seism processing and seismic data interpretation.Time and depth transfer refers to：By time-domain
Geologic horizon, give a speed, by the way of (depth=speed * times), be transformed into the geologic horizon of Depth Domain.And
The method that the quality of time and depth transfer depends on time and depth transfer.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is solve present in above-mentioned prior art
One or more problems.For example, an object of the present invention is to provide and a kind of blended direct rule of three and map migration
Time and depth transfer method.
To achieve these goals, it is of the invention to provide a kind of time and depth transfer method.The time and depth transfer method includes
Following steps：Time and depth transfer is carried out using direct rule of three, obtains the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain；Carried out using map migration method
Time and depth transfer, obtain the second layer bit depth of Depth Domain；The first layer bit depth of the Depth Domain and the second layer bit depth
By weighting the end layer bit depth for obtaining time and depth transfer and obtaining；Wherein, in the weighting step, the first layer of the Depth Domain
The weight coefficient of the second layer bit depth of bit depth and the Depth Domain determines according to Geologic Structure Feature, the weight coefficient
Span is [0,1].
According to one embodiment of time and depth transfer method of the present invention, the layer position of first Depth Domain and second depth
The layer position in domain obtains the end layer position that time and depth transfer obtains using following equation (1) weighting；
In equation (1), Si,jRepresent the end layer bit depth of time and depth transfer, wi,jRepresent the first layer position of the Depth Domain
The weight coefficient of depth,Represent the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain, (1-wi,j) represent the second layer locating depth of the Depth Domain
The weight coefficient of degree, hi,jThe second layer bit depth of the Depth Domain is represented, wherein, wi,jScope be [0,1].
According to one embodiment of time and depth transfer method of the present invention, the ground that can not be reached to ray tracing in map migration method
Side, it is preferable that interpolation can be taken to obtain the second layer position of the Depth Domain.
According to one embodiment of time and depth transfer method of the present invention, by Geologic Structure Feature be divided into construction low relief area and
High steep complex structure area, for constructing low relief area, the weight coefficient of the directly rule of three is more than the power of map migration method
Weight coefficient；For High steep complex structure area, cavity is not formed when carrying out time and depth transfer according to map migration method, then it is described straight
The weight coefficient for connecing rule of three is less than the weight coefficient of map migration method；For High steep complex structure area, according to map migration
Method form cavity during time and depth transfer and carried out interpolation processing, then the weight coefficient of the directly rule of three is more than map migration
The weight coefficient of method.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effects of the application are that the present processes both can guarantee that stability, and can
Improve the effect of time and depth transfer so that the reasonability of time and depth transfer has larger lifting.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the time and depth transfer method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiment.
The method of time and depth transfer can be direct rule of three and map migration method.Direct rule of three is stable, will not produce sky
Hole phenomenon, suitable for various complicated structures, but it to the presence of steep dip angle region carry out time and depth transfer when error；Map migration method
(Map Migration) is preferable to steep dip angle region time and depth transfer effect, because this method is to be based on ray deflection, therefore, such as
The place that fruit ray can not reach, cavity is easily formed, the layer position of time and depth transfer can not be obtained, can only be obtained by interpolation,
Method lacks stable.The present invention be directed to time and depth transfer, there is provided a kind of effective method, can solve the problem that run into actual production when
Deep transfer problem.
For summary, the present invention is by the way that direct rule of three and map migration method are combined, when two methods are carried out
On the basis of the result being converted to deeply, by the way of weighting, new time and depth transfer method is formed, this method both can guarantee that surely
Qualitative, and can improves the effect of time and depth transfer.
Time and depth transfer method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it specifically includes following steps：
Step A：
Time and depth transfer is carried out using direct rule of three, obtains the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain.
Direct rule of three：Exemplified by being changed by layer position, it is assumed that there are one three layers of time-domain layer position data, layer bit number is 1,
2,3；Position Number (CMP points) on this layer of position corresponding ground terminates since 1001 to 2500.
Layer position file has corresponded to 3 arrays (place is the two-way time)：T1={ t1,1,t1,2,......,t1,1500}、T2
={ t2,1,t2,2,......,t2,1500And T3={ t3,1,t3,2,......,t3,1500}。
Corresponding each layer position, the speed array on each Position Number are：V1={ v1,1,v1,2,......,v1,1500}、V2
={ v2,1,v2,2,......,v2,1500And V3={ v3,1,v3,2,......,v3,1500}。
Carry out time and depth transfer, each corresponding following formula 1 of point：
In equation 1, hI, jExpression layer bit depth, tI, jRepresent time, v corresponding to time-domain layer positionI, jSpeed is represented, i takes
Be worth for 1,2 or 3, j to get 1500 and j from 1 be positive integer.
So as to obtain the layer position H of Depth Domain1、H2And H3, wherein, H1={ h1,1,h1,2,......,h1,1500, H2={ h2,1,
h2,2,......,h2,1500And H3={ h3,1,h3,2,......,h3,1500}。
Step B：
Time and depth transfer is carried out using map migration method, obtains the second layer bit depth of Depth Domain.
Map migration is a kind of structural map time and depth transfer method.It will come from stacked section or pre-stack time migration section
Time construction figure and interval velocity data, stratigraphic structure is corrected to according to ray tracing theory by its real locus, generated
Accurate depthwise construction figure.When the effect of pendage or the larger hour offset of lateral variation in velocity becomes apparent from.Wherein, ray is chased after
The place that track can not reach, it is preferable that take interpolation to obtain the second layer position of Depth Domain.
Step C：
By the image quality of seismic profile, different weight coefficients (abbreviation weight), the first layer position of Depth Domain are given
Depth and second layer bit depth are weighted using following formula 2, obtain the end layer bit depth of time and depth transfer.
In equation (1), Si,jRepresent the end layer bit depth that time and depth transfer obtains, wi,jRepresent the first of the Depth Domain
The weight coefficient (weight coefficient of i.e. direct rule of three) of layer bit depth,Represent the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain (i.e. directly
The layer bit depth that rule of three obtains), (1-wi,j) represent the Depth Domain second layer bit depth weight coefficient (i.e. map migration
The weight coefficient of method), hi,jThe second layer bit depth (the layer bit depth that map migration method obtains) of the Depth Domain is represented, its
In, wi,jScope be [0,1].
Weight coefficient is determined by the Geologic Structure Feature in the region.User can judge according to geological knowledge.Preferably,
Geologic Structure Feature is divided into two major classes, one kind is construction low relief area；One kind is High steep complex structure area.It is flat for constructing
Slow area, it is proposed that the weight of direct rule of three is more than the weight of map migration method, for High steep complex structure area, if figure is inclined
Shifting method forms cavity in some places, and has done interpolation processing, then can the weight of directly rule of three be more than map migration side
The weight of method, if map migration method does not form cavity, it is contemplated that the weight of direct rule of three is less than the power of map migration method
Weight.
In summary, the time and depth transfer method that the present invention blends direct rule of three and map migration, when more balancing
Stability and effect both sides problem in deep conversion so that the reasonability of time and depth transfer has larger lifting.
Although above by describing the present invention with reference to exemplary embodiment, those skilled in the art should be clear
Chu, in the case where not departing from the spirit and scope that claim is limited, the exemplary embodiment of the present invention can be carried out each
Kind modifications and changes.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. time and depth transfer method, it is characterised in that the time and depth transfer method comprises the following steps：Time and depth transfer is carried out using direct rule of three, obtains the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain；Time and depth transfer is carried out using map migration method, obtains the second layer bit depth of Depth Domain；The first layer bit depth of the Depth Domain and the second layer bit depth weight to obtain the end layer bit depth of time and depth transfer；Wherein, in the weighting step, the first layer bit depth of the Depth Domain and the second layer bit depth of the Depth Domain Weight coefficient determines that the span of the weight coefficient is [0,1] and is not 0 and 1 according to Geologic Structure Feature, and by ground Matter construction feature is divided into construction low relief area and High steep complex structure area, for constructing low relief area, the direct rule of three Weight coefficient be more than map migration method weight coefficient；For High steep complex structure area, carried out according to map migration method Cavity is not formed during time and depth transfer, then the weight coefficient of the directly rule of three is less than the weight coefficient of map migration method；For High steep complex structure area, forms cavity when carrying out time and depth transfer according to map migration method and has carried out interpolation processing, then described The weight coefficient of direct rule of three is more than the weight coefficient of map migration method.
- 2. time and depth transfer method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the layer position of first Depth Domain and described second is deeply The layer position in degree domain obtains the end layer position of time and depth transfer using following equation (1) weighting；In equation (1), Si,jRepresent the end layer bit depth of time and depth transfer, wi,jRepresent the first layer bit depth of the Depth Domain Weight coefficient,Represent the first layer bit depth of Depth Domain, (1-wi,j) represent the second layer bit depth of the Depth Domain Weight coefficient, hi,jThe second layer bit depth of the Depth Domain is represented, wherein, wi,jScope be [0,1] and be 0 and 1.
- 3. time and depth transfer method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when carrying out time and depth transfer using map migration method, to penetrating The place that line tracking can not reach, takes interpolation to obtain the second layer position of the Depth Domain.
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| US6253157B1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2001-06-26 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Co. | Method for efficient manual inversion of seismic velocity information |
| CN105259581A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic data time-depth conversion method |
| CN105353412A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Calculating method and system of well-to-seismic integration average speed field |
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| MX2015005627A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2016-02-03 | Landmark Graphics Corp | Systems and methods for 3d seismic data depth conversion utilizing artificial neural networks. |
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| US6253157B1 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2001-06-26 | Exxonmobil Upstream Research Co. | Method for efficient manual inversion of seismic velocity information |
| CN105259581A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Seismic data time-depth conversion method |
| CN105353412A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Calculating method and system of well-to-seismic integration average speed field |
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