CN105974120B - Automatic detection device and method for C-reactive protein chromaticity - Google Patents
Automatic detection device and method for C-reactive protein chromaticity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a detection device and a detection method for automatically identifying chromaticity and color difference of a reagent strip, in particular to a C-reactive protein chromaticity automatic detection device and a method. The CRP concentration detection method uses an industrial camera which has a wider spectral range and is suitable for performing a high-quality image processing algorithm, and by a machine vision detection method, the key characteristics of the CRP reagent strip are identified and detected in real time, quickly and automatically, and color change data obtained by image processing are compared with standard sample values in a database, so that a CRP concentration detection result is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Machine Vision Detection field, is related to a kind of detection means to reagent strip colourity aberration automatic identification
With method, more particularly to a kind of c reactive protein colourity automatic detection device and method.
Background technology
C reactive protein (C-reaction protein, CRP) is that a kind of body is infected or blood plasma during tissue damage
In the Acute reaction protein that steeply rises.CRP except as tissue damage, inflammatory reaction coherent detection index in addition to, it is real
Written instructions index of the room using CRP as system inflammatory disorders is tested, the diagnosis, discriminating and prognosis simultaneously for some diseases infer have
Great meaning.
Existing CRP determination techniques are mainly that turbidimetry and paper chromatography turbidimetrys are also known as turbidimetry, pass through measurement
Suspended sediment concentration is determined through the luminous intensity of particle in suspension medium, is a kind of light scattering measurement technology.Paper chromatography, also known as
Paper chromatography or paper chromatography, using immunochromatography principle, sample and the anti-human CRP monoclonal antibody of the mouse containing label
Reaction, reagent strip color change is analyzed after instilling CRP reagent strips, determines CRP concentration.
Turbidimetry protein analyzer is longer the time required to detecting single sample in routine use, and required antiserum amount is larger,
Its equipment production cost and maintenance cost are higher.And traditional paper chromatography detection mode due to rely on artificial vision, it is necessary to
Sample colourity compares analysis one by one, has very big defect in speed and stability, and the such aberration recognition methods of the higher of cost is led to
It is larger by subjective psychological impact often based on the Color Appearance System representation that HSI color spaces (Meng Saier colour systems) are representative, it is difficult
With accurate expression aberration, the relatively low of precision
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to be directed to the above-mentioned technical deficiency of CRP detection methods, there is provided a kind of C is anti-
Albumen colourity automatic detection device is answered to use the image procossing that spectral region is wider, is appropriate for high quality with the method present invention
The industrial camera of algorithm, by machine vision detection method, in real time, fast and automatically identify and detect the crucial special of CRP reagent strips
Sign, obtains color change data compared with the standard sample performance number in database, and then draw CRP concentration by image procossing
Testing result
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention realizes as follows：A kind of c reactive protein color of the present invention
Spending automatic detection device includes colored industrial camera, light source, special light source controller, fine setting displacement platform, L-shaped locating piece, work
Control all-in-one and platform to be measured；The colored industrial camera is connected on position adjustments track by finely tuning displacement platform, colored
The camera lens of industrial camera is vertical with the platform to be measured for placing CRP reagent strips；The length of the CRP reagent strips is not less than colored work
The 4/5 of the width of industry camera acquisition picture；The light source is fixed on the camera lens of colored industrial camera, light source selection white
Diffusing reflection annular light source, and it is provided with special light source controller；The CRP reagent strips are fixed on to be measured flat by L-shaped locating piece
On platform.
The colored industrial camera is using 5,000,000 pixels, the colored work of exportable 2592x1944 resolution digital images
Industry video camera；Increment ring can be installed before the camera lens of the colored industrial camera and reduce visual field.
A kind of method of c reactive protein colourity automatic detection mainly comprises the following steps：
Step 1：CRP reagent strips automatic identification and image procossing：
1) colored industrial camera collects the RGB triple channel images of CRP reagent strips on platform to be measured, and is converted into three width
Single channel image, extract the complementary color passage of reaction zone to be detected, i.e. G channel images Iamge_S；
2) to improve system effectiveness, reducing the follow-up operator operation time, having for Iamge_S is selected by coordinate is preset
ROI region Iamge_ROI is imitated, calculates the image source with data base querying as gray value, and automatic storage is in database；
Iamge_ROI should include complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area, and this processing can reduce the analysis taken in edge extraneous areas
With the calculating time；
3) Iamge_ROI equal proportions, reduction image quality are compressed to 70%, obtain compressing image Iamge_ROI_C, as certainly
Move and identify area's Algorithm Analysis to be detected and the image source that main interface is shown；Computing had so not only been reduced to be related to pixel sum but also reduce
Image is read the spent time repeatedly, and Iamge_ROI_C automatic releasing memory and is deleted after reagent strip detection is completed；
4) average gray value of being done sums to minimum treat area Iamge_ROI_C calculates, and averaging of income gray value subtracts 10 works
Bianry image is obtained to base area binary conversion treatment for global gray threshold；
5) bianry image of processing gained is corroded using 3x3 rectangles as structural element, delete target border extraneous areas,
Extract CRP reagent strips chromatography film image Iamge_ROI_D1 in relatively complete region to be detected；
6) to remove caused noise in image transmitting process, gaussian filtering denoising is carried out to image Iamge_ROI_D1,
By each pixel and Gaussian kernel convolution, by convolution and the output pixel value as the pixel, pixel neighborhood of a point takes
Different weights, and the maximum weight of the pixel position, this step handle to obtain image Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss；
7) image Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss is subjected to continuation expansion process, is structural element to image using 3x3 rectangles
Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss is expanded, and coordinates the corrosion of above-mentioned 5th step will be caused in global gray threshold or subsequent treatment
Discrete point, line or burr filter out, and export complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area image Iamge_ROI_D2；
8) to complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area image Iamge_ROI_D2 using at local auto-adaptive threshold binarization
Reason, obtains relatively complete two detections of Iamge_test and Iamge_control and estimates area's image；
9) area's image is estimated to Iamge_test and Iamge_control two detections and repeats the 5th step and the 7th step again
Burn into expansion process；
10) area's image reference area feature is estimated to two detections after the processing of the 9th step, divides and intercept out in Iamge_test
Maximum rectangular area, is denoted as test and control, is treated as actual test and control with Iamge_control inner areas
Detection zone, and indicated in main interface；
11) test and control are taken into common factor with Iamge_ROI respectively, obtain Iamge_ROI relative to test and
The source images that the image of two rectangles of control needs as chrominance distortion, are denoted as T areas and C areas；
Step 2：Area colorimetric calculates：
12) arithmetic average gray scale value-based algorithm：What the T areas obtained using the 11st step and the image in C areas needed as chrominance distortion
Source images；With single pixel point (pixel) for unit, the width of traversal CRP reagent strips is M, highly the image-region T areas for N,
Each pixel gray value g (m, n) ∈ [0,255]；With the effective pixel points in the pixel gray value sum G divided by T areas in T areas
Number s, obtains the arithmetic average gray value in T areasIt is shown below：
Wherein, s ∈ (0, m × n],
Similarly, the arithmetic average gray value in C areas is calculated；
13) weighted average gray scale value-based algorithm：What the T areas obtained using the 11st step and the image in C areas needed as chrominance distortion
Source images；The T areas equal area partition of CRP reagent strips is arranged into totally 16 congruent matrixes into 4 rows 4, by the arithmetic average gray value in T areas
Averaged again after being multiplied by experience weight coefficient, you can obtain weighted average gray valueIt is shown below：
Wherein, KijFor weight coefficient and Kij∈ (0,2], the K typically in CRP detectionsn1=1.3, Kn2=1, Kn3=1, Kn4
=1.15, (n=1,2,3,4)
Similarly, the weighted average gray value in C areas is calculated；
Step 3：Connect database processing data：
14) effective ROI region Iamge_ROI for being obtained the 2nd step in step 1 by Access databases and corresponding
The association of weighted average gray value and preservation in the T areas, C areas of reagent strip, and the master sample gray scale of the storage in database
Value, match CRP contents reference value output the most rational.
The positive effect of the present invention：C reactive protein colourity automatic detection device of the present invention can be completed with method
To the colorimetric detection of CRP reagent strip test and control reaction zones, show through practical application, this method and device can not only be accurate
True quantization visual information completes the measure of reagent strip, and is equally applicable to similar paper chromatography reagent strip, has simple to operate, inspection
Degree of testing the speed is fast, the low cost and other advantages inventions have following practical significance：
1. automatic identification region to be detected, the time required to reducing the detection of single reagent card, simplify CRP testing processes, save people
Work visually compare needed for time and wage cost, reduce mensuration operation it is excessive and its caused by error, improve detection efficiency；
Completed 2. single reagent strip detection time was can be controlled in 2 seconds, operation result of measurement time control is in Millisecond, detection effect
Rate is greatly improved；
3. operating environment requirements are low, can long-time stable work, can abnormal self diagnosis, there is good robustness；
4. being applied to any paper chromatography or colloid gold reagent bar similar with CRP reaction reagent bars, weight coefficient can basis
Different product demand is artificially changed, and makes that measurement is more scientific and reasonable, applicability is wider；
5. the more data statistics of science, Access databases, automatic storage image and detection data are carried, data can be fast
Speed storage, and export and specify excel files
6. having expansibility, the colorimetric detection of similar projects or related reagent card can be widely applied for.
Brief description of the drawings
The present invention is further detailed explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the image detection flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the automatic identification flow chart of the present invention
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram of the L-shaped locating piece with CRP reagent strip location and installations of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of congruent matrix division
In figure, 1 light source controller, 2 colored 3 annular light source of industrial camera, 4 platform 5L shapes locating piece 6 to be checked is finely tuned
The industrial control all-in-one machine 8CRP reagent strips of displacement platform 7
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, a kind of c reactive protein colourity automatic detection device of the present invention includes colored industrial camera
(2), light source (3), special light source controller (1), fine setting displacement platform (6), L-shaped locating piece (5), industrial control all-in-one machine (7) and to be measured
Platform (4)；The colored industrial camera uses 5,000,000 pixels, the colored work of exportable 2592x1944 resolution digital images
Industry video camera, its spectral region are higher than general camera, are appropriate for the image processing algorithm of high quality；The colored industry shooting
Increment ring can be installed before the camera lens of machine and reduce visual field, the colored industrial camera is connected to position adjustments by finely tuning displacement platform
On track, the camera lens of colored industrial camera is vertical with the platform to be measured for placing CRP reagent strips, has the Precision trimming of micrometer
Displacement platform, colored industrial camera can be made to realize quick, high precision fine tuning, ensure the system measurement accuracy and efficiency；
To reduce image sliced time and improving utilization ratio of visual field, it is to be ensured that CRP reagent strip length is adopted not less than video camera
Collect the 4/5 of picture width；And the lens focus of industrial camera, operating distance, image resolution ratio are all close phases with Pixel Dimensions
Close, the vertical drop of best effort distance, i.e. video camera and CRP reagent strips can be calculated by correlation formula.Taking the photograph
Camera setting height(from bottom) can not a step section when, can install increment ring additional before camera lens, reduce visual field, the picture for arriving camera acquisition
Reach requirement
The light source is fixed on the camera lens of colored industrial camera, and light source selects white diffusing reflection annular light source, and sets
It is equipped with special light source controller；Shade phenomenon can be greatly reduced using white diffusing reflection annular light source, improve contrast, so it is prominent
Aobvious CRP reagent strip conversion zone imaging features.It is noted that apart from it is improper when can produce annular reflective phenomenon
The CRP reagent strips are fixed on platform to be measured by L-shaped locating piece.Can be by CRP reagent strips along arrow during detection
Guide signing is pushed into platform to be measured, as shown in figure 4, CRP reagent strips both sides are close on the inside of L-shaped locating piece, fitting completely is completed
Position
Present apparatus shell is built using 2020 lightweight aluminium section bars, is fixed by bolt link and machining aluminum plate, before
Plate installation customization industrial control all-in-one machine, can be achieved multiple point touching.
A kind of method of c reactive protein colourity automatic detection of the present invention to colored industrial camera by collecting
The image processing algorithm such as original image segmentation, denoising, corrosion and expansion realize automatic identification and extract region to be determined, in pole
In short time high accuracy data is provided for follow-up step.Test and practical application shows, the automatic identification serial algorithm mistake
The characteristic area of CRP reagent strips can quickly, accurately be split, be extracted to journey, effectively filter out exterior light according to (including daylight and interior it is white
Vehement lamp light), CRP differences between samples (different serum sample primary colours differences, reagent reacting area skew excessive), CRP reagent strips chromatography
Film defect etc. influences.
Mainly comprise the following steps：
Step 1：CRP reagent strips automatic identification and image procossing, as shown in Figure 3：
1) colored industrial camera collects the RGB triple channel images of CRP reagent strips on platform to be measured, and is converted into three width
Single channel image, extract the complementary color passage of reaction zone to be detected, i.e. G channel images Iamge_S；
2) to improve system effectiveness, reducing the follow-up operator operation time, having for Iamge_S is selected by coordinate is preset
ROI region Iamge_ROI is imitated, calculates the image source with data base querying as gray value, and automatic storage is in database；
Iamge_ROI should include complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area, and this processing can reduce the analysis taken in edge extraneous areas
With the calculating time；
3) Iamge_ROI equal proportions, reduction image quality are compressed to 70%, obtain compressing image Iamge_ROI_C, as certainly
Move and identify area's Algorithm Analysis to be detected and the image source that main interface is shown；Computing had so not only been reduced to be related to pixel sum but also reduce
Image is read the spent time repeatedly, and Iamge_ROI_C automatic releasing memory and is deleted after reagent strip detection is completed；
4) average gray value of being done sums to minimum treat area Iamge_ROI_C calculates, and averaging of income gray value subtracts 10 works
Bianry image is obtained to base area binary conversion treatment for global gray threshold；
5) bianry image of processing gained is corroded using 3x3 rectangles as structural element, delete target border extraneous areas,
Extract CRP reagent strips chromatography film image Iamge_ROI_D1 in relatively complete region to be detected；
6) to remove caused noise in image transmitting process, gaussian filtering denoising is carried out to image Iamge_ROI_D1,
By each pixel and Gaussian kernel convolution, by convolution and the output pixel value as the pixel, pixel neighborhood of a point takes
Different weights, and the maximum weight of the pixel position, this step handle to obtain image Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss；
7) image Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss is subjected to continuation expansion process, is structural element to image using 3x3 rectangles
Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss is expanded, and coordinates the corrosion of above-mentioned 5th step will be caused in global gray threshold or subsequent treatment
Discrete point, line or burr filter out, and export complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area image Iamge_ROI_D2；
8) to complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area image Iamge_ROI_D2 using at local auto-adaptive threshold binarization
Reason, obtains relatively complete two detections of Iamge_test and Iamge_control and estimates area's image；
9) area's image is estimated to Iamge_test and Iamge_control two detections and repeats the 5th step and the 7th step again
Burn into expansion process；
10) area's image reference area feature is estimated to two detections after the processing of the 9th step, divides and intercept out in Iamge_test
Maximum rectangular area, is denoted as test and control, is treated as actual test and control with Iamge_control inner areas
Detection zone, and indicated in main interface；
11) test and control are taken into common factor with Iamge_ROI respectively, obtain Iamge_ROI relative to test and
The source images that the image of two rectangles of control needs as chrominance distortion, are denoted as T areas and C areas；
Step 2：Area colorimetric calculates：
12) arithmetic average gray scale value-based algorithm：What the T areas obtained using the 11st step and the image in C areas needed as chrominance distortion
Source images；With single pixel point (pixel) for unit, the width of traversal CRP reagent strips is M, highly the image-region T areas for N,
Each pixel gray value g (m, n) ∈ [0,255]；With the effective pixel points in the pixel gray value sum G divided by T areas in T areas
Number s, obtains the arithmetic average gray value in T areasIt is shown below：
Wherein, s ∈ (0, m × n],
Similarly, the arithmetic average gray value in C areas is calculated；
13) weighted average gray scale value-based algorithm：What the T areas obtained using the 11st step and the image in C areas needed as chrominance distortion
Source images；The T areas equal area partition of CRP reagent strips is arranged into totally 16 congruent matrixes into 4 rows 4, by the arithmetic average gray value in T areas
Averaged again after being multiplied by experience weight coefficient, you can obtain weighted average gray valueIt is shown below：
Wherein, KijFor weight coefficient and Kij∈ (0,2], the K typically in CRP detectionsn1=1.3, Kn2=1, Kn3=1, Kn4
=1.15, (n=1,2,3,4)
Similarly, the weighted average gray value in C areas is calculated；
Step 3：Connect database processing data：
The effective ROI region Iamge_ROI and corresponding reagent for being obtained the 2nd step in step 1 by Access databases
The association of weighted average gray value and preservation in the T areas, C areas of bar, and the master sample gray value of the storage in database,
Allot CRP contents reference value output the most rational
A kind of c reactive protein colourity automatic detection device of the correlation of the invention recited above that simply explains through diagrams and side
A kind of concrete application example of method, it is some due to being easy to carry out on this basis for the technical staff in constructed field
Modification, therefore this specification is not really wanted a kind of c reactive protein colourity automatic detection device of the present invention and method office
Limit is in shown or described concrete mechanism and the scope of application, therefore every corresponding modification that may be utilized and equivalent,
Belong to the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. c reactive protein colourity automatic testing method, it is characterised in that：The device used include colored industrial camera, Light source, special light source controller, fine setting displacement platform, L-shaped locating piece, industrial control all-in-one machine and platform to be measured；The colored industry is taken the photograph Camera is connected on position adjustments track by finely tuning displacement platform, and the camera lens of colored industrial camera is with placing CRP reagent strips Platform to be measured is vertical；4/5 of the length of the CRP reagent strips not less than the width of colored industrial camera collection picture；It is described Light source is fixed on the camera lens of colored industrial camera, and light source selects white diffusing reflection annular light source, and is provided with special light source Controller；The CRP reagent strips are fixed on platform to be measured by L-shaped locating piece；Mainly comprise the following steps：CRP reagent strips automatic identification and image procossing：1) colored industrial camera collects the RGB triple channel images of CRP reagent strips on platform to be measured, and is converted into three width single-passes Road image, extract the complementary color passage of reaction zone to be detected, i.e. G channel images Iamge_S；2) to improve system effectiveness, reducing the follow-up operator operation time, the effective of Iamge_S is selected by coordinate is preset ROI region Iamge_ROI, the image source with data base querying is calculated as gray value, and automatic storage is in database； Iamge_ROI should include complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area, and this processing can reduce the analysis taken in edge extraneous areas With the calculating time；3) Iamge_ROI equal proportions, reduction image quality are compressed to 70%, obtain compressing image Iamge_ROI_C, known as automatic The image source that area's Algorithm Analysis not to be detected and main interface are shown；Computing had so not only been reduced to be related to pixel sum but also reduce image Read repeatedly spent time, Iamge_ROI_C automatic releasing memory and is deleted after reagent strip detection is completed；4) average gray value of being done sums to minimum treat area Iamge_ROI_C calculates, and averaging of income gray value subtracts 10 as complete Office's gray threshold obtains bianry image to base area binary conversion treatment；5) bianry image of processing gained is corroded using 3x3 rectangles as structural element, delete target border extraneous areas, extraction Go out CRP reagent strips chromatography film image Iamge_ROI_D1 in relatively complete region to be detected；6) to remove caused noise in image transmitting process, gaussian filtering denoising is carried out to image Iamge_ROI_D1, will be every One pixel and Gaussian kernel convolution, by convolution and the output pixel value as the pixel, pixel neighborhood of a point takes difference Weights, and the maximum weight of the pixel position, this step handle to obtain image Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss；7) image Iamge_ROI_D_Gauss is subjected to continuation expansion process, is structural element to image Iamge_ using 3x3 rectangles ROI_D_Gauss is expanded, and coordinates the corrosion of above-mentioned 5th step will be caused discrete in global gray threshold or subsequent treatment Point, line or burr filter out, and export complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area image Iamge_ROI_D2；8) local auto-adaptive threshold binarization treatment is used to complete CRP reagent strips chromatographic film area image Iamge_ROI_D2, Obtain relatively complete two detections of Iamge_test and Iamge_control and estimate area's image；9) two detections of Iamge_test and Iamge_control are estimated with the corruption that area's image repeats the 5th step and the 7th step again Erosion, expansion process；10) area's image reference area feature is estimated to two detections after the processing of the 9th step, point intercept out Iamge_test with The maximum rectangular area of Iamge-control inner areas, is denoted as test and control, to be checked as actual test and control Area is surveyed, and is indicated in main interface；11) test and control are taken into common factor with Iamge_ROI respectively, obtains Iamge_ROI relative to test and control The source images that the image of two rectangles needs as chrominance distortion, it is denoted as T areas and C areas；Area colorimetric calculates：12) arithmetic average gray scale value-based algorithm：The source figure that the T areas and the image in C areas obtained using the 11st step needs as chrominance distortion Picture；With single pixel point (pixel) for unit, the width of traversal CRP reagent strips is M, highly the image-region T areas for N, each Pixel gray value g (m, n) ∈ [0,255]；With the effective pixel points number s in the pixel gray value sum G divided by T areas in T areas, Obtain the arithmetic average gray value in T areasIt is shown below：<mrow> <mover> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>N</mi> </mrow> </munderover> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>m</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>n</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> <mi>s</mi> </mfrac> </mrow>Wherein, s ∈ (0, m × n],Similarly, the arithmetic average gray value in C areas is calculated；13) weighted average gray scale value-based algorithm：The source figure that the T areas and the image in C areas obtained using the 11st step needs as chrominance distortion Picture；The T areas equal area partition of CRP reagent strips is arranged into totally 16 congruent matrixes into 4 rows 4, the arithmetic average gray value in T areas is multiplied by Averaged again after experience weight coefficient, you can obtain weighted average gray valueIt is shown below：<mrow> <mover> <mi>X</mi> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>16</mn> </mfrac> <munderover> <mi>&Sigma;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> <mn>4</mn> </munderover> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mover> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>&CenterDot;</mo> <msub> <mi>K</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>Wherein, KijFor weight coefficient and Kij∈ (0,2], K in CRP detectionsn1=1.3, Kn2=1, Kn3=1, Kn4=1.15, n= 1,2,3,4Similarly, the weighted average gray value in C areas is calculated；Connect database processing data：14) the effective ROI region Iamge_ROI and T areas, the C of corresponding reagent strip obtained the 2nd step by Access databases The association of weighted average gray value and preservation in area, and the master sample gray value of the storage in database, are matched the most Rational CRP contents reference value output.
- A kind of 2. c reactive protein colourity automatic testing method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The colored work Industry video camera uses 5,000,000 pixels, the colored industrial camera of exportable 2592x1944 resolution digital images；The colour Increment ring can be installed before the camera lens of industrial camera and reduce visual field.
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