CN105973798B - A kind of Multifunctional adjustable high speed fragment flow friction test device and its test method - Google Patents
A kind of Multifunctional adjustable high speed fragment flow friction test device and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
A kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream movement crushing test device and its test method, the composition of device are：Vertical steel plate bottom is articulated with ground, the top of steel plate and the top of telescopic connecting rod are hinged, the working face of steel plate is fixed with motor, retarder, torque sensor and bearing successively from bottom to up, motor shaft is connected by retarder, torque sensor with the lower end of main shaft, the upper end of main shaft is connected by bearing with holder lower part, the top fixed disc of holder；Symmetrically placed two of disk top it is square, bottomless uncovered and transparent model casing；Four angles at the top of model casing are hinged with the lower end of upper connecting rod, and the upper end of upper connecting rod is upward through the lateral straight slot of portal frame crossbeam；And the inside of two model casings is embedded with pressure-bearing steel lid；Jack, the middle part of the mandril alignment pressure-bearing steel lid of jack are fixed on portal frame crossbeam；High-speed camera is installed on the side of model casing by video camera connecting rod.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Multifunctional adjustable high speed fragment flow friction test device and its test methods.
Background technology
High-speed shadowgraph technique clast stream (high speed clast stream) is a kind of research of abrupt geological hazard, usually has volume big, fast
Degree is fast, slippage is remote and destroys strong feature.Complexity due to high-speed remote clast stream motion process and existing observation technology
Limitation, therefore be difficult to observe practical clast stream interior change situation and to monitor sliding surface frictional force data.This makes
Physical model experiment is widely used in the movement mechanism research of high-speed remote clast stream.And existing experimental rig is mostly letter
The sliding slot of single variable-angle, particulate matter are only capable of the high-speed motion being not achieved from static downslide under actual conditions, can not observe
The broken variation and collision separation of clast stream particle caused by bottom friction in high-speed motion.In short, current experimental rig is only
The relationship between the movement velocity and accumulation form of clast stream can be disclosed, can not but disclose high-speed remote clast stream during the motion
The friction Fragmentation Phenomena that shows, particles collision segregation phenomenon, it is even more impossible to measure under different normal pressures and different motion speed
The sliding surface coefficient of kinetic friction variation；To which accurate, reliable test basis cannot be provided for the prevention of clast stream disaster.
Invention content
The first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of using above-mentioned Multifunctional adjustable clast stream movement crushing test device
The method for carrying out clast stream movement crushing test, this method can intuitively disclose what high speed clast stream was shown during the motion
Rub Fragmentation Phenomena, particles collision segregation phenomenon.
The present invention realizes that its first invention purpose, used technical solution are：A kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream movement
Crushing test device, it is characterised in that.
Vertical steel plate bottom is articulated with ground, and the top of steel plate and the top of telescopic connecting rod are hinged, the bottom of connecting rod
End is articulated with ground；The working face of steel plate is fixed with motor, retarder, torque sensor and bearing, motor successively from bottom to up
Axis is connected by retarder, torque sensor with the lower end of main shaft, and the upper end of main shaft is connected by bearing with holder lower part, holder
Top be fixed with hollow disk.
Symmetrically placed two of disk top it is square, bottomless uncovered and transparent model casing；Four at the top of model casing
Angle is hinged with the lower end of upper connecting rod, and the upper end of upper connecting rod is upward through the lateral straight slot of portal frame crossbeam；And two model casings
Be embedded with pressure-bearing steel lid；Jack, the middle part of the mandril alignment pressure-bearing steel lid of jack are fixed on portal frame crossbeam；At a high speed
Video camera is installed on the side of model casing by video camera connecting rod.
The second object of the present invention is to use above-mentioned Multifunctional adjustable clast stream friction of motion experimental rig, experiment dress
The variation of the sliding surface kinetic force of friction under different normal pressures and different motion speed can be measured by setting；To be clast stream disaster
Prevention provides more acurrate, reliable test basis.
The present invention realizes that its second goal of the invention, used technical solution are：Use above-mentioned Multifunctional adjustable clast
Stream movement crushing test device carries out sliding surface kinetic force of friction method for measuring, includes the following steps：
A, the link position for adjusting the length of connecting rod and the link position and upper connecting rod and crossbeam of upper connecting rod and crossbeam, will
The angle of inclination of steel plate and disk, model casing is adjusted to the angle needed for experiment；
B, the pressure-bearing steel lid inside model casing is taken out, then rock debris particle is positioned in model casing, cover again
Steel lid；Starting jack makes its mandril withstand steel lid, and is pressurized to required load to steel lid；
C, start motor, drive disk to be rotated by setting speed, the model casing being connected with portal frame crossbeam then cannot be therewith
With disk relative motion occurs for rotation, model casing, and with disk relative motion and friction occur for the rock debris particle in model casing,
Carry out the broken experiment of clast stream movement；
During experiment, the torque of the real-time recording disc of torque sensor is intergranular with rock debris to obtain disk
Kinetic force of friction；Meanwhile in high-speed camera real-time capture and record cast case the different rock debris particle of grain size dynamic row
For to observe its Fragmentation Phenomena that rubs, collision segregation phenomenon, until off-test.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
One, it can realize that steel plate and the angle of inclination of disk, model casing adjust by adjusting the length of connecting rod, adjust motor
The adjusting of velocity interpolation relative velocity between rock debris particle and disk, and then simulate the feelings of different slope inclination angle clast streams
Condition；So as to realize the broken simulation test of differing tilt angles, the movement of different motion speed high speed clast stream.
Two, during testing, the torque of the real-time recording disc of torque sensor can obtain disk and rock debris particle
Between kinetic force of friction；Meanwhile it high-speed camera function real-time capture on the outside of model casing and being recorded in transparent model casing different
The dynamic behaviour of the rock debris particle of grain size can intuitively observe in high-speed motion clast stream bottom caused by being rubbed the bottom of by
The power breaking of particle and vertical separation situation, and then its Fragmentation Phenomena that rubs, collision segregation phenomenon are disclosed, so as to be clast
The prevention for flowing disaster provides more acurrate, reliable test basis.
Three, change disc material, be packed into model casing in rock debris particle type and jack load value, you can grind
Study carefully slip surface roughness and friction coefficient, Rock Species, the influence to clast stream motion morphology such as vertical pressure loads change.
Further, telescopic connecting rod of the invention is three, and holder is A-frame.
In this way, the support to steel plate and disk is not only securely but also easy.
Further, model casing of the invention is the transparent bulletproof tempered glass model casing with steel skeleton, model casing tank wall
Bottom is provided with seal groove, and seal groove is embedded with sealing strip.
It is thrown away outward from model casing bottom in this way, can avoid or reduce rock debris particle.
Further, portal frame of the invention covers in the protective cover of implosion guard.
In this way, after the rock debris particle high speed rotation for spilling on disk is thrown away, people will not be damaged.
Further, disk upper surface of the invention is pasted with friction media material cushion.
Replace different friction media material cushions, you can change the friction coefficient of sliding surface, to which more easily research is slided
The dynamic influence of surface roughness and friction coefficient to clast stream motion morphology.
Further, hair-dryer of the invention is fixed on by wind turbine connecting rod on the crossbeam of portal frame, the air port pair of hair-dryer
Director circle disk.
In this way, the rock debris particle spilt on disk can be blown away in time, fine particle is prevented to be attached to sliding surface
On, influence the measurement of frictional force.
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is positive structure diagram when riser of the embodiment of the present invention is vertical.
Fig. 2 is front view when riser of the embodiment of the present invention tilts.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment
Fig. 2 shows one embodiment of the present invention is Fig. 1-：A kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream movement crushing test dress
It sets, it is characterised in that：
Vertical 2 bottom of steel plate is articulated with ground, and the top of steel plate 2 and the top of telescopic connecting rod 14 are hinged, connecting rod
14 bottom end is articulated with ground；The working face of steel plate 2 is fixed with motor 1, retarder 4,5 and of torque sensor successively from bottom to up
Bearing 6, the axis of motor 1 passes sequentially through retarder 4, torque sensor 5 is connected with the lower end of main shaft, and the upper end of main shaft passes through bearing
6 are connected with 7 lower part of holder, and the top of holder 7 is fixed with hollow disk 8；
Symmetrically placed two of 8 top of disk it is square, bottomless uncovered and transparent model casing 9；9 top of model casing
Four angles are hinged with the lower end of corresponding upper connecting rod 12, and the upper end of upper connecting rod 12 passes through the through-hole of 15 crossbeam of portal frame and passes through
Coupling nut 12a is fixed on crossbeam；And the top of two model casings 9 is embedded with pressure-bearing steel lid 10；It is fixed on 15 crossbeam of portal frame
There are jack 13, the middle part of the mandril alignment pressure-bearing steel lid 10 of jack 13；High-speed camera 11 is pacified by video camera connecting rod
Side loaded on model casing 9.
The telescopic connecting rod 14 of this example is three, and holder 7 is A-frame.
The model casing 9 of this example is the transparent bulletproof tempered glass model casing with steel skeleton, and 9 tank wall bottom of model casing is provided with
Seal groove, seal groove are embedded with sealing strip.
The portal frame 15 of this example covers in the protective cover of implosion guard.
8 upper surface of disk of this example is pasted with friction media material cushion 23.
The crossbeam of the portal frame 15 of this example is connected by wind turbine connecting rod with the hair-dryer 17 of below the crossbeam, the wind of hair-dryer 17
Mouth alignment disk 8.
The side that clast stream moves crushing test is carried out using the Multifunctional adjustable clast stream movement crushing test device of this example
Method includes the following steps：
A, the length and upper connecting rod 12 and the link position of crossbeam and the connection position of upper connecting rod 12 and crossbeam of adjusting connecting rod 14
It sets, the angle of inclination of steel plate 2 and disk 8, model casing 9 is adjusted to the angle needed for experiment；
B, the pressure-bearing steel lid 10 inside model casing 9 is taken out, then rock debris particle is positioned in model casing 9, again
Cover pressure-bearing steel lid 10；Starting jack 13 makes its mandril withstand pressure-bearing steel lid 10, and is pressurized to required lotus to pressure-bearing steel lid 10
It carries；
C, start motor 1, disk 8 is driven to be rotated by setting speed, the model casing 9 being connected with 15 crossbeam of portal frame then cannot
It rotates therewith, with disk 8 relative motion occurs for model casing 9, and with disk 8 opposite transport occurs for the rock debris particle in model casing 9
Dynamic and friction carries out the broken experiment of clast stream movement；
During experiment, the torque of 5 real-time recording disc 8 of torque sensor, to obtain disk 8 and the rock in model casing 9
Kinetic force of friction between stone detrital grain；Meanwhile the different rock of grain size in 11 real-time capture of high-speed camera and record cast case 9
The dynamic behaviour of detrital grain, to observe its Fragmentation Phenomena that rubs, collision segregation phenomenon, until off-test.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream moves crushing test device, it is characterised in that；
Vertical steel plate (2) bottom is articulated with ground, and the top of steel plate (2) is hinged with the top of telescopic connecting rod (14), even
The bottom end of bar (14) is articulated with ground；The working face of steel plate (2) is fixed with motor (1), retarder (4), turns round successively from bottom to up
Square sensor (5) and bearing (6), the axis of motor (1) pass sequentially through the lower end phase of retarder (4), torque sensor (5) and main shaft
Even, the upper end of main shaft is connected by bearing (6) with holder (7) lower part, and the top of holder (7) is fixed with hollow disk (8)；
Symmetrically placed two of disk (8) top it is square, bottomless uncovered and transparent model casing (9)；At the top of model casing (9)
Four angles it is hinged with the lower end of corresponding upper connecting rod (12), the upper end of upper connecting rod (12) passes through the logical of portal frame (15) crossbeam
Hole is simultaneously fixed on by coupling nut (12a) on crossbeam；And the top of two model casings (9) is embedded with pressure-bearing steel lid (10)；Gantry
Jack (13), the middle part of the mandril alignment pressure-bearing steel lid (10) of jack (13) are fixed on frame (15) crossbeam；High-speed camera
Machine (11) is installed on the side of model casing (9) by video camera connecting rod.
2. a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream according to claim 1 moves crushing test device, characterized in that described
Telescopic connecting rod (14) is three, and holder (7) is A-frame.
3. a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream according to claim 1 moves crushing test device, characterized in that described
Model casing (9) is the transparent bulletproof tempered glass model casing with steel skeleton, and model casing (9) tank wall bottom is provided with seal groove, close
Sealing groove is embedded with sealing strip.
4. a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream according to claim 1 moves crushing test device, characterized in that described
Portal frame (15) covers in the protective cover of implosion guard.
5. a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream according to claim 1 moves crushing test device, characterized in that described
Disk (8) upper surface is pasted with friction media material cushion (23).
6. a kind of Multifunctional adjustable clast stream according to claim 1 moves crushing test device, characterized in that described
The crossbeam of portal frame (15) is connected by wind turbine connecting rod with the hair-dryer (17) of below the crossbeam, and the air port of hair-dryer (17) is to director circle
Disk (8).
7. a kind of moved using Multifunctional adjustable clast stream movement crushing test device progress clast stream described in claim 1 is broken
The method of broken experiment, includes the following steps：
A, the length of connecting rod (14) and the link position of upper connecting rod (12) and crossbeam are adjusted, by steel plate (2) and disk (8), model
The angle of inclination of case (9) is adjusted to the angle needed for experiment；
B, the internal pressure-bearing steel lid (10) of model casing (9) is taken out, then rock debris particle is positioned in model casing (9), weight
Newly cover pressure-bearing steel lid (10)；Starting jack (13) makes its mandril withstand pressure-bearing steel lid (10), and adds to pressure-bearing steel lid (10)
It is pressed onto required load；
C, start motor (1), drive disk (8) to be rotated by setting speed, the model casing (9) being connected with portal frame (15) crossbeam is then
It cannot rotate therewith, with disk (8) relative motion, rock debris particle and disk in model casing (9) occur for model casing (9)
(8) relative motion and friction occurs, carries out the broken experiment of clast stream movement；
During experiment, the torque of the real-time recording disc (8) of torque sensor (5) is interior with model casing (9) to obtain disk (8)
The intergranular kinetic force of friction of rock debris；Meanwhile high-speed camera (11) real-time capture and record cast case (9) interior grain size are not
The dynamic behaviour of same rock debris particle, to observe its Fragmentation Phenomena that rubs, collision segregation phenomenon, until off-test.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610342026.3A CN105973798B (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | A kind of Multifunctional adjustable high speed fragment flow friction test device and its test method |
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| CN201610342026.3A CN105973798B (en) | 2016-05-20 | 2016-05-20 | A kind of Multifunctional adjustable high speed fragment flow friction test device and its test method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105973798A CN105973798A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN105973798B true CN105973798B (en) | 2018-08-17 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108267398B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2023-09-05 | 西南交通大学 | Rock high-speed sliding friction test device and test method thereof |
| CN110487714A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-11-22 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of debris flow gully bed coefficient of friction and abrasion coefficient testing device and test method |
| CN114486146B (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2023-05-09 | 同济大学 | Test device for ultra-high speed chip flow impact simulation under weak Coriolis effect |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102226751A (en) * | 2011-04-02 | 2011-10-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Friction tester for dense granules |
| CN103543098A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-29 | 西南交通大学 | Shear rheological device for air wrapped rheological property research in high-speed and long-range landslide |
| CN104390858A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-03-04 | 常州大学 | Simple device of shear rheometer |
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