CN105971569B - A kind of indoor experimental apparatus of simulation herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well - Google Patents

A kind of indoor experimental apparatus of simulation herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well Download PDF

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CN105971569B
CN105971569B CN201610326086.6A CN201610326086A CN105971569B CN 105971569 B CN105971569 B CN 105971569B CN 201610326086 A CN201610326086 A CN 201610326086A CN 105971569 B CN105971569 B CN 105971569B
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hollow
pressure
feed liquor
outlet end
seal plate
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CN105971569A (en
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张继成
匡力
陈新宇
郑灵芸
杨昕谅
张军
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Northeast Petroleum University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of experimental provision of simulation herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well.Mainly for oil displacement process of the simulation herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well in thick oil pay.It is characterized in that:It is made of back-up sand babinet, arrival end squeeze board, outlet end seal plate, hollow supervisor and several hollow branched pipes;Arrival end squeeze board and outlet end seal plate are sealedly attached to the both ends of back-up sand babinet respectively, and arrival end squeeze board upper edge central axes are uniformly distributed that there are three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube threaded connection holes, and the center for exporting end seal plate is provided with threaded connection hole;There is screw thread outside the outlet end of hollow supervisor, the other end of hollow supervisor is sealed end, is built-in with differential pressure pickup;Several hollow branched pipes, the top sealing of hollow branched pipe are uniformly connected on hollow supervisor, the even tube wall of hollow branched pipe is provided with seepage flow hole, pressure-bearing film is glued on tube wall;It exports to be connected in the centre bore of end seal plate and detachable goes out liquid plug;Connect three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes on arrival end squeeze board respectively.

Description

A kind of indoor experimental apparatus of simulation herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well
Technical field
The present invention be it is a kind of in oil development experimental technique field can to the displacement of reservoir oil of herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well into The experimental provision of row physical analogy.
Background technology
Since current conventional indoor oil displacement experiment is all the strip consolidated core used in core holding unit, or It is directly to carry out oil displacement experiment with strip glue casting back-up sand block, is limited by its size, shape and preparation method, they are all only When energy simulation is developed with straight well, the seepage flow situation of small interval, can not simulate the development situation of other class well type in stratum, Cannot simulate thick oil pay exploitation when, due to gravitational differentiation, and caused by heterogeneous development situation.Although carrying out herring-bone form The exploitation laboratory experiment of multi-branched horizontal well can solve the above problems, but due to the structure of herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well compared with It is complicated, it is impossible to which that the wellbore space that the type horizontal well is inside reserved when preparing chunk shape rock core just has and also can not at last It can be packed into reserved space.
Invention content
In order to which solve to mention in background technology is difficult to reserve complicated fishbone horizontal well when preparing simulation core Wellbore space and fishbone horizontal well wellbore model are difficult to be placed in the problem in sandpack column.The present invention provides a kind of realities Experiment device can configure the model of herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well pit shaft using the back-up sand case in the experimental provision, then again will Back-up sand case is added in sand and cementing agent, is pressurizeed by back-up sand case one end, experiment rock core is prepared in situ, then carry out saturated water, Oil, then carry out oil displacement experiment.
The technical scheme is that:This kind simulates the indoor experimental apparatus of herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well, uniqueness Be in:Described device is by rectangular back-up sand babinet, arrival end squeeze board, outlet end seal plate, hollow supervisor and several skies Heart branched pipe is constituted;
Wherein, arrival end squeeze board and outlet end seal plate are sealedly attached to the both ends of back-up sand babinet, entrance side pressure respectively Sealing space is constituted between the inner wall of solid plate, outlet end seal plate and back-up sand babinet;Arrival end squeeze board upper edge central axes are equal There are three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube threaded connection holes for even distribution, and the center for exporting end seal plate is provided with threaded connection hole;
There is screw thread outside the outlet end of hollow supervisor, the other end of hollow supervisor is sealed end, built in the sealed end There is differential pressure pickup;Several hollow branched pipes, the top sealing of hollow branched pipe, hollow branched pipe are uniformly connected on hollow supervisor Even tube wall be provided with seepage flow hole, pressure-bearing film is glued on tube wall;
Export be connected in the centre bore of end seal plate it is detachable go out liquid plug, go out connection greatly hollow ten hole of liquid plug in Word knob;Wherein, the lower part of big hollow cross knob is embedded in the centre bore of the outlet end seal plate, big hollow cross knob Inner wall and the outlet end of hollow supervisor be connected through a screw thread;
Three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube threaded connection holes connect three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes, bolt respectively on arrival end squeeze board The other end of formula feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube is then realized by screw thread to be connected with three small hollow cross knob;In small hollow cross knob In space between arrival end squeeze board, being fastened with setting-up piece, bottom device pressure sensor and top has liquid inlet The pressurization at end and voltage stabilizing feed liquor block;
The door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube has the cylindrical cavity being radially embedded in pipe in pipe, in the cylindrical cavity Internal lower part connecting spring, on the top of spring, connection cutting plane is elliptical cylinder;In the door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube It is embedded with movable fluid flow tube, the central axis phase of the central axis of fluid flow tube and the door latch type feed liquor voltage stabilizing tube inlet in an axial direction It overlaps.
It is improved on the basis of above scheme, obtains improvement project one, that is, increasing by one, there is pressure difference input control to fill The pressure difference pump and the first current divider and pressure gauge set;Wherein, pressure difference input control device is connected with differential pressure pickup, pressure difference First pumping hole of pump is connected with outlet end, and the second pumping hole is connected with the first current divider, three, first current divider top Eyelet is connected to valve, is then connected to fluid inlet end;Pressure sensor is connected to the pressure incoming end on pressure gauge, thus may be used It is connected with completing a device for compacting process
It is improved on the basis of above scheme, obtains improvement project two, increase an electronic balance, sink, intermediate appearance Device, the second current divider and constant speed pump;Meanwhile it combining as follows:Back-up sand babinet is perpendicular to be stood upright on electronic balance;Sealing The big hollow cross knob of plate is connected by hose with sink;The bottom of constant speed pump connection intermediate receptacle, the top of intermediate receptacle Portion is connected with the second current divider, and three, second current divider top fluid hole eye is connected to three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes Entrance, the connection for the experimental provision that can be used for saturated water/oil this completes one.
In addition, if being further added by a metering device, it is connected with the hollow supervisor as steel pit shaft outlet end;Constant speed It is connected with current divider at the top of pump connection intermediate receptacle bottom, intermediate receptacle, the outlet of three, current divider top is connected to three bolts The inlet of formula feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube;Constant pressure pump is connect with current divider, and three outlets of current divider are connected to hydraulic device inlet, in Between be connected to valve.This completes the connections of oil displacement experiment device.
The present invention has the advantages that:Device provided by the present invention can be completed containing simulation herring-bone form multiple-limb The back-up sand of the back-up sand case of horizontal well pit shaft, cementing compacting process;Complete the process of saturated water, oil;Complete the process of water drive oil. It in the above process, is arranged in pairs or groups by the reasonable cooperation of various devices, realizes that the leakproofness and internal pressure in holding meanss are stablized In the case of complete experiment.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the internal structure sectional view of scheme described in the claims in the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the right view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the hollow branched pipe in scheme described in the claims in the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the cross-sectional view of door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube in scheme described in the claims in the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is the composed structure schematic diagram of scheme described in the claims in the present invention 2.
Fig. 7 is the composed structure schematic diagram of scheme described in the claims in the present invention 3.
Fig. 8 is the oil displacement experiment schematic device constructed using the present invention.
Specific implementation mode:
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, this kind simulates the indoor experimental apparatus of herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well, and unique distinction exists In:Described device is by rectangular back-up sand babinet 1, arrival end squeeze board 2, outlet end seal plate 3, hollow supervisor 7 and several skies Heart branched pipe 8 is constituted.
Wherein, arrival end squeeze board 2 and outlet end seal plate 3 are sealedly attached to the both ends of back-up sand babinet 1, arrival end respectively Sealing space 4 is constituted between the inner wall of squeeze board 2, outlet end seal plate 3 and back-up sand babinet 1;In 2 upper edge of arrival end squeeze board Axis is uniformly distributed there are three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube threaded connection hole, and the center of outlet end seal plate 3 is provided with threaded connection hole.
There is screw thread outside the outlet end 5 of hollow supervisor 7, the other end of hollow supervisor 7 is sealed end, in the sealed end It is equipped with differential pressure pickup 6;Several hollow branched pipes 8 are uniformly connected on hollow supervisor 7, the top sealing of hollow branched pipe 8 is hollow The even tube wall of branched pipe 8 is provided with seepage flow hole 23, and pressure-bearing film 24 is glued on tube wall.
Export be connected in the centre bore of end seal plate 3 it is detachable go out liquid plug 25, go out connection greatly in the hole of liquid plug 25 in Hollow cross knob 10;Wherein, the lower part of big hollow cross knob 10 is embedded in the centre bore of the outlet end seal plate, big empty The inner wall of crux of heart knob 10 and the outlet end 5 of hollow supervisor 7 are connected through a screw thread.
Three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube threaded connection holes connect three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes 11 respectively on arrival end squeeze board 2, The other end of door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube 11 is then realized by screw thread to be connected with three small hollow cross knob 12;Small hollow In space between cross knob 12 and arrival end squeeze board 2, it is fastened with setting-up piece 13,14 and of bottom device pressure sensor Pressurization and the voltage stabilizing feed liquor block 16 of fluid inlet end 15 are arranged at top.
The door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube has the cylindrical cavity 17 being radially embedded in pipe in pipe, in the cylinder Lower part connecting spring 19 in cavity, on the top of spring 19, connection cutting plane is elliptical cylinder 18;The door latch type feed liquor Movable fluid flow tube 20, the central axis of fluid flow tube 20 and the door latch type feed liquor voltage stabilizing tube inlet are embedded in voltage-stabiliser tube in an axial direction Central axis coincide.
It is improved on the basis of above scheme, obtains improvement project one, i.e., as shown in fig. 6, increasing by one has pressure difference The pressure difference pump 22 of input control device 21 and the first current divider 28 and pressure gauge 31;Wherein, pressure difference input control device 21 with Differential pressure pickup 6 is connected, and the first pumping hole 26 of pressure difference pump 22 is connected with outlet end 5, the second pumping hole 27 and the first current divider 28 are connected, and three, first current divider top eyelet 29 is connected to valve 30, is then connected to fluid inlet end 15;Pressure sensing Device 14 is connected to the pressure incoming end on pressure gauge 31.
It is improved on the basis of improvement project one, i.e., as shown in fig. 7, described device further includes electronic balance 32, a water Slot 34, intermediate receptacle 36, the second current divider 37 and constant speed pump 35.
Wherein, back-up sand babinet 1 is perpendicular stands upright on electronic balance 32;The big hollow cross knob 10 of sealing plate passes through hose 33 It is connected with sink 34;Constant speed pump 35 connects the bottom of intermediate receptacle 36, the top of intermediate receptacle 36 is connected with the second current divider 37, three, second current divider top fluid hole eye 38 is connected to the entrance of three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes 11.Thus Complete the connection for the experimental provision that one can be used for saturated water/oil.
In addition, if a metering device 39 is further added by, as shown in figure 8, metering device is connected with steel pit shaft outlet end It connects;It is connected with current divider at the top of constant speed pump connection intermediate receptacle bottom, intermediate receptacle, the outlet of three, current divider top is connected to three The inlet of a door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube;Constant pressure pump is connect with current divider, the outlet of current divider three be connected to hydraulic device into Liquid mouth, centre are connected to valve.This completes the connections of oil displacement experiment device.
It is tested using aforementioned device, it should be noted that the following contents:
Differential pressure pickup at the top of steel herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well horizontal segment at sealed end can monitor fish-bone in real time The difference of the pressure of shape Model of Horizontal Well inside cavity and the pressure of the sand body outside it, inside back-up sand case, its value is passed to The pressure difference receiving module of pressure difference pump realizes that the pressure difference inside wellbore model minimizes by its internal control circuit.It is tightly attached to steel Pressure-bearing film inside simulation wellbore hole processed and the high-pressure fluid collective effect being pumped into pit shaft, prevent the back-up sand caused by pressure difference Sand body to during the migration of branch well shaft tapping and saturated water, oil, to tapping migrate by fluid in case.
The embedding threaded cross knob in inside at outlet end, the metal closures of the embedded outlet end seal plate of its underpart connection, It is connected through a screw thread, can realize the installing of the metal closures, disassembling function, it is real to prepare experiment rock core, water drive oil in back-up sand It is loaded into outlet end seal plate when testing, realizes that the sealing of experimental situation keeps pressure;It is removed during saturated water, oil, Realize the function of extra fluid discharge back-up sand case.
The pressurization of three screw thread aperture apparatus of arrival end squeeze board and voltage stabilizing feeding device group, can pass through its hydraulic device By the agglutination sand compacting in back-up sand case;By door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube, sealing is played during being compacted agglutination sand and is kept The function of pressure provides the liquid flow inlet of injection fluid during saturated water, oil and oil displacement experiment.
Used electronic balance during saturated water can play the function of the quality to metering back-up sand case in real time, when After saturated water, back-up sand bottom portion there are flowing out a period of time back-up sand case constant mass it is constant after, of poor quality can be calculated with front and back Go out to calculate porosity.
Steps are as follows for this experimental provision specifically used:
a)It is compacted cementing back-up sand case:The set of device of arrival end squeeze board is removed from back-up sand case, toward inside back-up sand case Add simulation core sand and cementing agent, cover arrival end squeeze board after filling, envelope is encrypted between squeeze board and back-up sand babinet Liquid;The pressure difference input unit that pressure difference pumps is connect with the differential pressure pickup in horizontal well pit shaft, pumping hole goes out liquid with horizontal well pit shaft End is connected, and pumping hole is connected with current divider, and three eyelets are connected to hydraulic device fluid inlet end, and intervening vaive is opened, opened Pressure difference pump is opened, fluid is pumped into simultaneously in horizontal well pit shaft and hydraulic device, so that pit shaft and hydraulic pressure is filled by pressure difference input unit It sets when being pumped into fluid, the pressure difference of generation as possible small, 0 or so, to ensure the pressure at the pressure-bearing film both ends of son field inner close fitting Difference is 0 or so, to prevent the high pressure sand body in back-up sand case from penetrating into the seepage flow hole of son field;According to the pressure of hydraulic device bottom Pressure ensures that its numerical value in confining pressure value or so, passes through valve by the switch pumped by pressure difference in sensor real time monitoring back-up sand case Pressure caused by three hydraulic devices is identical, and compacting a period of time, the experimentation of compaction simulation rock core terminates.
b)Back-up sand case saturated water/oil:It removes in outlet end seal plate and goes out liquid plug, hose is connected to out the sky that liquid plug is conceded Between on, after receiving saturated water, back-up sand case outflow liquid;Pressure difference is pumped is pumped into stream into hydraulic device and horizontal well pit shaft Body so that horizontal well pit shaft inside and outside differential pressure is 0, prevents cementing sand body and the water of saturation from going deep into well by the seepage flow hole on son field In cylinder;Constant speed pump connects intermediate receptacle bottom, and water/oil is housed in intermediate receptacle;It is connected to current divider at the top of intermediate receptacle, is shunted Three eyelets of device are connected to the inlet of door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube;The pipeline that current divider picks out and door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube Movable cylindric hollow fluid flow tube docking, withstand the former and withstand the latter to moving along a straight line in voltage-stabiliser tube, liquid stream bottom of the tube top The firmly triangulo column in rectangle cavity makes it due to the outer force effect by fluid flow tube, and it is downward that component makes it press against spring Movement, to which triangulo column is headed into cuboid cavity lower part, it is logical with back-up sand case Inner Constitution liquid stream that fluid flow tube ejects voltage-stabiliser tube Road;Intermediate receptacle starts to inject water/oil into back-up sand case, starts the process of saturation;Electronic balance positioned at back-up sand lower box part is When read back-up sand case system quality, with before water record a mass figures, when outlet end seal plate at outlet end outflow Fluid, electronic balance stable reading after, record a mass figures, can calculate back-up sand case gap body with the difference of the two Product, the saturation degree of simulation core;The process of saturated oils is carried out later;Turn off constant speed pump, the experimentation knot of saturated water/oil later Beam.
c)Oil displacement experiment:Pressure difference pump and compressive film are removed, horizontal well outlet end is connected to metering device, for measuring production Go out liquid;Constant speed pump connects intermediate receptacle bottom, the displacing fluid in intermediate receptacle is pumped into current divider, current divider injects displacing fluid Door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube starts the experimentation of displacement hence into back-up sand case;Constant pressure pump connects current divider, by fluid It is pumped into hydraulic device, the confining pressure of simulation core is maintained in conjunction with the pressure sensor of hydraulic device bottom;After completing oil displacement experiment, close Constant speed pump and constant pressure pump are closed, arrival end squeeze board is removed, takes out simulation core, observes remaining oil distribution.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of indoor experimental apparatus of simulation herring-bone form multi-branched horizontal well, it is characterised in that:Described device is filled out by rectangular Sandbox body (1), arrival end squeeze board (2), outlet end seal plate (3), hollow supervisor (7) and several hollow branched pipes (8) structure At;
Wherein, arrival end squeeze board (2) and outlet end seal plate (3) are sealedly attached to the both ends of back-up sand babinet (1), entrance respectively Sealing space (4) is constituted between the inner wall of side pressure solid plate (2), outlet end seal plate (3) and back-up sand babinet (1);Entrance side pressure Solid plate (2) upper edge central axes are uniformly distributed there are three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube threaded connection hole, and the center of outlet end seal plate (3) is provided with Threaded centre bore;
There is screw thread outside the outlet end (5) of hollow supervisor (7), the other end of hollow supervisor (7) is sealed end, in the sealed end It is built-in with differential pressure pickup (6);Uniformly connect several hollow branched pipes (8) on hollow supervisor (7), on hollow branched pipe (8) with The port sealing of the opposite end of hollow supervisor (7) connecting pin, the even tube wall of hollow branched pipe (8) are provided with seepage flow hole (23), Pressure-bearing film (24) is glued on tube wall;
Be connected in the centre bore of outlet end seal plate (3) it is detachable go out liquid plug (25), go out the connection hole of liquid plug (25) in Big hollow cross knob (10);Wherein, the miner diameter end of big hollow cross knob (10) is located at the center of the outlet end seal plate Kong Zhong, the miner diameter end inner wall of big hollow cross knob (10) and the outlet end (5) of hollow supervisor (7) are connected through a screw thread;
The upper three feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes threaded connection hole of arrival end squeeze board (2) connects three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes (11) respectively, The other end of door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube (11) is then realized by screw thread to be connected with three small hollow cross knob (12);Small In space between hollow cross knob (12) and arrival end squeeze board (2), it is fastened with setting-up piece (13), bottom device pressure Pressurization and the voltage stabilizing feed liquor block (16) of fluid inlet end (15) are arranged at sensor (14) and top;
The door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube has the cylindrical cavity (17) being radially embedded in pipe in pipe, in the cylindrical cavity Internal lower part connecting spring (19), on the top of spring (19), connection cutting plane is elliptical cylinder (18);The door latch type Movable fluid flow tube (20) is embedded in feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tube in an axial direction, the central axis of fluid flow tube (20) and the door latch type feed liquor are steady The central axis of pressure pipe entrance coincides;
Described device further include one with pressure difference input control device (21) pressure difference pump (22) and the first current divider (28) with And pressure gauge (31);Wherein, pressure difference input control device (21) is connected with differential pressure pickup (6), and pressure difference pumps the first of (22) Pumping hole (26) is connected with outlet end (5), and the second pumping hole (27) is connected with the first current divider (28), first current divider top Three eyelets (29) in end are connected to valve (30), are then connected to fluid inlet end (15);Pressure sensor (14) is connected to pressure gauge (31) the pressure incoming end on;
Described device further includes an electronic balance (32), sink (34), intermediate receptacle (36), the second current divider (37) and perseverance Speed pump (35);
Wherein, back-up sand babinet (1) is perpendicular stands upright on electronic balance (32);The big hollow cross knob (10) of sealing plate passes through hose (33) it is connected with sink (34);Constant speed pump (35) connects the top connection of the bottom of intermediate receptacle (36), intermediate receptacle (36) There are the second current divider (37), three, second current divider top fluid hole eye (38) to be connected to three door latch type feed liquor voltage-stabiliser tubes (11) entrance.
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