CN105968128B - 一种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明一种含meso‑螺旋的荧光材料,化学式为[Cd(bmb)(tba)] n ,其中n大于一,bmb为1,4‑二苄(2‑甲基苯并咪唑),tba为5‑叔丁基间苯二甲酸阴离子。包括以下制备步骤:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb、H2tba溶于蒸馏水中,加入碱,得到混合物A;然后将混合物A转移至带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,在100‑160℃恒温五天,然后以每小时10℃的速度缓慢地降至室温,即可得到晶体,将该晶体分离出来,依次经过洗涤、干燥处理。本发明制备方法操作简单方便,产率高和重现性好等优点,所制备出的含meso‑螺旋的荧光材料,具有优良的发光性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种荧光材料,具体的说是一种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
螺旋是广泛存在于自然界的一种宏观现象,当其作为一种微观现象出现在金属有机框架中,常表现出一些特殊的性能。如在发光材料、非线性光学材料、磁性材料、超导材料以及催化材料等诸多方面都有广阔的应用前景。到目前为止,报道的螺旋多为单重、双重、三重和多重螺旋。关于meso-螺旋,即一根螺旋线缠绕在两根螺旋柱上的报道却很少。1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑)是一种重要的半刚性桥联配体,它含有两个2-甲基苯并咪唑臂膀经可自由旋转的亚甲基链接到同一个苯环上。这种结构特征使其构象自由,容易形成反式构象,朝向两个不同的方向弯曲,从而形成meso-螺旋。d10过渡金属镉离子的引入使金属有机框架具有良好的荧光性能。这种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料有优良的潜在应用价值。
发明内容
本发明目的是为解决上述技术问题的不足,提供一种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料及其制备方法,制备方法具有操作简单方便,产率高和重现性好等优点,所制备出的材料含meso-螺旋结构,具有优良的发光性能。
一种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料,即含meso-螺旋的基于半刚性配体1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑)的镉金属有机框架,化学式为[Cd(bmb)(tba)] n ,其中n大于一, bmb为1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑),tba为5-叔丁基间苯二甲酸阴离子。
bmb tba
所述的1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑) 镉金属有机框架属于单斜晶系,空间群为Pc,晶胞参数为a = 9.4395(19) Å,b = 12.069(2) Å,c = 14.792(3) Å,α= 90°,β= 101.49(3)°,γ= 90°,V = 1651.4(6) Å3。
所述配合物的基本结构是每个不对称单元中含有一个Cd(II)离子,一个tba2-阴离子,一个不对称的bmb配体。中心金属Cd(II)处于扭曲的八面体配位环境中,与两个tba2-的两个不同的羧基以及两个bmb的两个不同N原子形成六配位。Cd–O键长为2.586(11)和2.247(9) Å,Cd–N键长为2.228(9) 和2.328(10) Å,均处于正常的键长范围之内。bmb配体采取不对称的反式构象,Ndonor···N–Csp3···Csp3扭转角为80.977°和89.835°。bmb与金属配位形成meso-螺旋,螺距为14.792 Å,对应于c-轴的长度。tba2-阴离子的两个羧基都采取双齿螯合的配位模式与金属配位,以μ 2-桥连的形式将Cd/bmb meso-螺旋链形连成2D结构,相邻的螺旋链间形成正方形通道。
所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb、H2tba溶于蒸馏水中,加入碱,得到混合物A;然后将混合物A转移至带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,在100-160℃恒温五天,然后以每小时10℃的速度缓慢地降至室温,即可得到晶体,将该晶体分离出来,依次经过洗涤、干燥处理,得到含meso-螺旋的荧光材料。
所述混合物A中Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb和H2tba的摩尔浓度优选为20-80 mol/L。
所述碱为NaOH,其加入量优选为在混合物A中的浓度为Cd(NO3)·4H2O摩尔浓度的两倍。
所述反应釜中的反应温度优选为150℃。
有益效果是:
本发明含meso-螺旋的荧光材料及其制备方法,合成方法简单,操作方便,产率高和重现性好等优点;所制备含meso-螺旋的荧光材料的荧光光谱表明目标金属有机框架具有稳定的荧光性能,可以作为荧光功能材料应用于发光材料科学领域。热重分析表明目标螺旋荧光材料405℃框架才坍塌,说明其具有很好的热稳定性,为其作为荧光材料的进一步应用提供了保障。
附图说明
图1为实施例1制备的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的单元图;
图2为实施例1制备的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的螺旋图;
图3为实施例1制备的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的二维图;
图4为实施例1制备的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的粉末衍射图;
图5为实施例1制备的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的热重曲线图;
图6为实施例1制备的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的固态荧光光谱图。
具体实施方式
一种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料,即含meso-螺旋的基于半刚性配体1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑)的镉金属有机框架,化学式为[Cd(bmb)(tba)] n ,其中n大于一, bmb为1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑),tba为5-叔丁基间苯二甲酸阴离子。
bmb tba
所述的1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑) 镉金属有机框架属于单斜晶系,空间群为Pc,晶胞参数为a = 9.4395(19) Å,b = 12.069(2) Å,c = 14.792(3) Å,α= 90°,β= 101.49(3)°,γ= 90°,V = 1651.4(6) Å3。
所述配合物的基本结构是每个不对称单元中含有一个Cd(II)离子,一个tba2-阴离子,一个不对称的bmb配体。中心金属Cd(II)处于扭曲的八面体配位环境中,与两个tba2-的两个不同的羧基以及两个bmb的两个不同N原子形成六配位。Cd–O键长为2.586(11)和2.247(9) Å,Cd–N键长为2.228(9) 和2.328(10) Å,均处于正常的键长范围之内。bmb配体采取不对称的反式构象,Ndonor···N–Csp3···Csp3扭转角为80.977°和89.835°。bmb与金属配位形成meso-螺旋,螺距为14.792 Å,对应于c-轴的长度。tba2-阴离子的两个羧基都采取双齿螯合的配位模式与金属配位,以μ 2-桥连的形式将Cd/bmb meso-螺旋链形连成2D结构,相邻的螺旋链间形成正方形通道。
所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb、tba溶于蒸馏水中,加入碱,得到混合物A;然后将混合物A转移至带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,在100-160℃恒温五天,然后以每小时10℃的速度缓慢地降至室温,即可得到晶体,将该晶体分离出来,依次经过洗涤、干燥处理,得到含meso-螺旋的荧光材料。
所述混合物A中Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb和H2tba的摩尔浓度为20-80 mol/L。
所述碱为NaOH,其加入量为在混合物A中的浓度为Cd(NO3)·4H2O摩尔浓度的两倍。
所述反应釜中的反应温度优选为150℃。
以下实施例对本发明进一步的说明:
实施例1:
将Cd(NO3)·4H2O (61.7 mg, 0.2 mmol), bmb (36.6 mg, 0.1 mmol), H2tba(44.4 mg, 0.2 mmol) 和 NaOH (16.0 mg, 0.4 mmol)以及10 mL蒸馏水混合,然后转移至25 mL带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,在150℃恒温五天,然后以每小时10 ℃的速度缓慢地降至室温,得到无色棱柱形晶体,即为meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,最终产物产率约为:53%。
取实施例1所得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料进一步表征如下:
(1)meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料晶体结构的确定
晶体是在Bruker Apex II X-射线单晶衍射仪收集衍射数据,在293 K温度下,采用石墨单色器单色化的Mo Ka 射线(λ=0.071073nm),扫描方式为φ–ω扫描。晶体衍射数据使用TEXSAN程序还原,晶体结构分析工作是在PC机上用SHELX- 97程序系统进行解析。衍射强度数据经Lp因子和经验吸收校正,采用直接法解析得到初结构。经数轮差值Fourie合成,找到全部非氢原子。所有非氢原子的坐标及各向异性温度因子用全矩阵最小二乘法进行精修。水分子上的氢原子由差值Fourier合成法得到并将其固定在母原子上精修,碳原子上的氢采用几何加氢法得到。详细的晶体测定数据见表1;重要的键长和键角数据见表2。晶体结构见图1和图2。
(2)表1 meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的主要晶体学数据a
a R 1 = ∑׀׀F o׀-׀F c׀׀/∑׀F o׀. b wR 2 = [∑w(F o 2 -F c 2)2/∑w(F o 2)2]1/2。
(3)表2 meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的主要键长(Å)和键角(º)
备注: #1 x,-y+2,z+1/2 #2 x,-y+2,z-1/2 #3 x-1,y,z #4 x+1,y,z。
(4)meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的PXRD相纯度表征
meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的PXRD表征显示其具有较高的相纯度,为其作为荧光材料的应用提供了纯度保证,见图4。(仪器型号:Bruker/D8 Advance)。
(5)meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的热稳定性表征
meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的热重曲线显示其骨架在405℃左右仍能稳定存在,具有一定的热稳定性,为其作为荧光材料进一步开发应用提供了热稳定性保障,见图5。(仪器型号:Bruker/D8 Advance)
(6)meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的固体荧光性能研究
富集处理后的meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料的样品进行固体荧光的测试:通过荧光图谱分析得知meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料受292 nm处光激发,在301 nm光波处有强的荧光吸收峰。配合物荧光发射峰,与配体bmb (em = 309 nm, ex = 293 nm)发射峰的位置很接近,故可归结于基于配体bmb内部的电荷转移。微弱的红移是由于配体与金属配位受金属配位环境的影响,配体间的π-π堆积作用有所改变。应此,meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料可作为荧光材料得到进一步的应用,见图6。(仪器型号:HITACHI/F-4500)。
实施例2:
如实施例1所述,在其它条件完全相同的情况下,仅将反应温度调整为160℃,即可得到无色长条形晶体。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,可得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料,产率约为48%。
实施例3:
如实施例1所述,在其它条件完全相同的情况下,仅将反应温度调整为130 ℃,即可得到无色长条形晶体。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,可得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料,产率约为38%。
实施例4:
如实施例1所述,在其它条件完全相同的情况下,仅将反应温度调整为100 ℃,即可得到无色长条形晶体。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,可得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料,产率约为30%。
实施例5:
如实施例1所述,在其它条件相同情况下,改变原料的用量及比例,具体操作如下:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O (92.6 mg, 0.3 mmol), bmb (36.6 mg, 0.1 mmol), H2tba (44.4 mg,0.2 mmol) 和 NaOH (16.0 mg, 0.4mmol)以及10 mL蒸馏水混合,后期操作与实施例1相同,即可得到无色长条形晶体。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,即得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料,产率约为51%。
实施例6:
如实施例1所述,在其它条件相同情况下,改变原料的用量及比例,具体操作如下:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O (154.3 mg, 0.5 mmol), bmb (36.6 mg, 0.1 mmol), H2tba (22.2 mg,0.1 mmol) 和 NaOH (8.0 mg, 0.2 mmol)以及10 mL蒸馏水混合,后期操作与实施例1相同,即可得到无色无色长条形晶体。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,即得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料,产率约为58%。
实施例7:
如实施例1所述,在其它条件相同情况下,改变原料的用量及比例,具体操作如下:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O (246.9 mg, 0.8 mmol), bmb (36.6 mg, 0.1 mmol), H2tba (22.2 mg,0.1 mmol) 和 NaOH (8.0 mg, 0.1 mmol)以及10 mL蒸馏水混合,后期操作与实施例1相同,即可得到无色无色长条形晶体。晶体经洗涤、过滤、干燥,即得meso-螺旋的镉荧光材料,产率约为54%。
Claims (4)
1.一种含meso-螺旋的荧光材料,其特征在于:所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料,用芳香双羧酸和氮杂环配体与镉金属配位共筑了一个荧光金属有机框架,其结构含有meso-螺旋,结构式为:[Cd(bmb)(tba)]∞,其中bmb=1,4-二苄(2-甲基苯并咪唑),tba=5-叔丁基间苯二甲酸阴离子;配体的结构简式如下:
所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料为单斜晶系,空间群为Pc,晶胞参数为 α=90°,β=101.49(3)°,γ=90°,中心金属Cd(II)处于扭曲的八面体配位环境中,与两个tba2-的两个不同的羧基以及两个bmb的两个不同N原子形成六配位bmb配体采取不对称的反式构象,Ndonor···N–Csp3···Csp3扭转角为80.977°和89.835°;bmb与金属配位形成meso-螺旋,螺距为对应于c-轴的长度;tba2-阴离子的两个羧基都采取双齿螯合的配位模式与金属配位,以μ2-桥连的形式将Cd/bmb meso-螺旋链形连成2D结构,相邻的螺旋链间形成正方形通道;
上述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料的制备方法,包括以下制备步骤:将Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb和H2tba溶于蒸馏水中,加入碱,得到混合物A;然后将混合物A转移至带有聚四氟内衬的不锈钢反应釜中,于100-160℃恒温五天,之后以每小时10℃的速度缓慢地降至室温,即可得到晶体,将该晶体分离出来,依次经过洗涤、干燥处理,得到含meso-螺旋的荧光材料。
2.如权利要求1所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料,其特征在于:所述混合物A中Cd(NO3)·4H2O、bmb和H2tba的摩尔浓度为20-80mol/L。
3.如权利要求1所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料,其特征在于:所述碱为NaOH,其加入量为其在混合物A中的浓度为H2tba摩尔浓度的两倍。
4.如权利要求1所述含meso-螺旋的荧光材料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述反应釜中的反应温度为100-160℃。
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