CN105967719A - Preparation method of novel ultramicro drill bit composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of novel ultramicro drill bit composite material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105967719A CN105967719A CN201610300252.5A CN201610300252A CN105967719A CN 105967719 A CN105967719 A CN 105967719A CN 201610300252 A CN201610300252 A CN 201610300252A CN 105967719 A CN105967719 A CN 105967719A
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- China
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- tungsten
- mould
- strength steel
- inner core
- drill bit
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/021—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles in a direct manner, e.g. direct copper bonding [DCB]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
- C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
- C04B35/5607—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides
- C04B35/5626—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on refractory metal carbides based on tungsten carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a novel ultramicro drill bit composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) tungsten carbide powder whose particle size is 0.2-0.4[mu]m is prepared; 2) the tungsten carbide powder is filled into a mould; 3) a high-strength steel inner core is pressed into the mould; 4) the mould is placed in a vacuum hot-pressing furnace for carrying out vacuum-pumping operation; the tungsten carbide powder and the high-strength steel inner core in the mould are heated to 1000-1100 DEG C with a laser heater, and insulation is carried out for 2 hours or above; an equalized pressure is applied to the mould during heating, and in the effects of extruding and sintering, the tungsten carbide powder and the high-strength steel inner core are compounded into one body. The external part of the ultramicro drill bit composite material employs the tungsten carbide material with ultrafine crystal grains as a wearing layer, and the layer has superior hardness, wear resistance, and fracture strength; the internal part of the ultramicro drill bit employs the high-strength steel inner core, in order to guarantee integral strength and fracture toughness of the drill bit; the prior integral micro drill bit material can be replaced, usage of rare metals is reduced, production cost is reduced, and environment is protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of composite preparation, particularly relate to the preparation side of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite
Method.
Background technology
Along with science and technology develop rapidly, consumer electronics constantly to multifunction, miniaturization, lightweight, high density and
The direction of high reliability is developed, to the printed circuit board (PCB) (letter producing high density, highly integrated, encapsulation, miniaturization, multiple stratification
Claim PCB) requirement day by day increase, the research and development thus for printed board digital control hole drilling and microbit encounter increasing
Challenge: the number of plies of PCB gets more and more, and the diameter of PCB micropore is more and more less, and the radius-thickness ratio of corresponding micropore is the most increasingly
Greatly, wiring density is more and more closeer, and PCB aperture quality is proposed higher and tighter requirement, and difficulty of processing increases further.
The performance of drill bit material has very important impact to drilling quality, influences whether again plating or other follow-up works
Sequence, therefore determines the reliability of circuit board.By systematic analysis, the preferable material of PCB micro drill should possess " three high "
Characteristic, i.e. high-wearing feature, high tenacity and high heat conductance, now the high-ductility hard alloys using crystal grain miniaturizations more.
Micro drill is typically to be made up of cobalt steels or fine crystalline carbon tungsten, and tungsten carbide (WC) is the application ratio currently as micro drill
Wide material.In recent years, tungsten carbide industry obtain significant achievement, tungsten carbide micro drill crystallite dimension, hardness,
The aspects such as wearability, fracture strength and fracture toughness show the performance of excellence.Between 10 years of past, the valency of tungsten carbide
Very fast growth on raw material market, the Ge world, meanwhile, the yield of micro drill is also increasing substantially.Micro drill is main
Raw material tungsten be a kind of rare metal, reduce the consumption of rare metal not only to China, and for the world, be all one
Important challenge.In order to digest the amount of increase of the prices of raw materials and promote profit, new former material is being sought by the manufacturer of micro drill
Expect and be devoted to develop new manufacturing process.In consideration of it, on the basis of minimizing uses rare metal with efficent use of resources,
Exploitation has the compound micro drill important in inhibiting of the combination property of excellence.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the preparation method of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite, the outside tungsten carbide material using ultra-fine grain
Material, as wearing layer, has superior hardness, wearability and fracture strength；Internal employing high-strength steel high-strength steel inner core, it is ensured that
The intensity of drill bit entirety and fracture toughness；Composite of the present invention can substitute for existing integral type micro drill material, reduces
The use of rare metal, reduces production cost, protects environment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention realizes by the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite, comprises the steps:
1) being placed in carbide furnace by tungsten powder, the vanadium carbide adding tungsten powder weight 0.4%～0.6% is mixed homogeneously with tungsten powder；Logical
Enter with the CH of 4.0～4.5:1 volume ratio mixing4And H2Mixed gas, after being warmed up to 1000～1300 DEG C in stove, insulation
More than 1h, prepares the tungsten-carbide powder of phosphorus content 5.0%～6.0% by tungsten powder through gas carburization, and the particle diameter of tungsten-carbide powder is
0.2～0.4 μm；
2) tungsten-carbide powder prepared is inserted in mould, and mould is arranged on forcing press；
3) make cylindrical high-strength steel inner core, after the polishing of surface, smear plasticizer and lubricant, utilize high precision computation machine fixed
High-strength steel inner core is put into forcing press center by position system, and forcing press pressurization makes high-strength steel inner core enter in mould, and is in mould
Center；
4) mould that will be equipped with tungsten-carbide powder and high-strength steel inner core is put in vacuum hotpressing stove, evacuation, vacuum 0.8～
1.2×10-4Pa；Heating the tungsten-carbide powder in mould and high-strength steel inner core by laser heater, temperature is
1000～1100 DEG C, it is incubated more than 2h；While heating, mould is applied counterpressure, make under extruding, agglomeration
Tungsten-carbide powder is complex as a whole with high-strength steel inner core.
By the thermocouple measurement real time temperature being located on mould in described sintering process.
In described extrusion process, along with the increase of extrusion speed reduces heating-up temperature accordingly, extrusion speed often increases by 5%～10%,
Temperature reduces by 20 DEG C～40 DEG C.
Described plasticizer is machine oil or paraffin, and lubricant is mineral oil.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) use vapor phase method to prepare tungsten-carbide powder, use CH4It is raw material with tungsten (W) powder, at CH4And H2Mixing
Under atmosphere, by tungsten powder through gas carburization, prepare tungsten-carbide powder.By adding appropriate vanadium carbide (VC), stop carbonization
The uneven of tungsten grain grows up, it is thus achieved that even-grained fine grain tungsten carbide；Its flow process is simple, and raw material availability increases；
2) employing has the fine crystalline carbon tungsten of very good mechanical properties, good cutting performance, coordinates and has good strength and fracture
The high-strength steel inner core of toughness through high temperature sintering, be crushed to composite, there is superior hardness, wearability and fracture strength
It it is the preferred material for making novel micro drill；
3) composite of the present invention can substitute for existing integral type micro drill material, reduces the use of rare metal, fall
Low production cost, protects environment.
4) service life of micro drill can be improved, be suitable for industrialized production, improve production efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation after tungsten-carbide powder of the present invention is combined with high-strength steel inner core.
In figure: 1. tungsten-carbide powder 2. high-strength steel inner core
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described further:
The preparation method of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite, comprises the steps:
1) being placed in carbide furnace by tungsten powder, the vanadium carbide adding tungsten powder weight 0.4%～0.6% is mixed homogeneously with tungsten powder；Logical
Enter with the CH of 4.0～4.5:1 volume ratio mixing4And H2Mixed gas, after being warmed up to 1000～1300 DEG C in stove, insulation
More than 1h, prepares the tungsten-carbide powder of phosphorus content 5.0%～6.0% by tungsten powder through gas carburization, and the particle diameter of tungsten-carbide powder is
0.2～0.4 μm；
2) tungsten-carbide powder prepared is inserted in mould, and mould is arranged on forcing press；
3) make cylindrical high-strength steel inner core, after the polishing of surface, smear plasticizer and lubricant, utilize high precision computation machine fixed
High-strength steel inner core is put into forcing press center by position system, and forcing press pressurization makes high-strength steel inner core enter in mould, and is in mould
Center；
4) mould that will be equipped with tungsten-carbide powder and high-strength steel inner core is put in vacuum hotpressing stove, evacuation, vacuum 0.8～
1.2×10-4Pa；Heating the tungsten-carbide powder in mould and high-strength steel inner core by laser heater, temperature is
1000～1100 DEG C, it is incubated more than 2h；While heating, mould is applied counterpressure, make under extruding, agglomeration
Tungsten-carbide powder is complex as a whole with high-strength steel inner core.
By the thermocouple measurement real time temperature being located on mould in described sintering process.
In described extrusion process, along with the increase of extrusion speed reduces heating-up temperature accordingly, extrusion speed often increases by 5%～10%,
Temperature reduces by 20 DEG C～40 DEG C.
Described plasticizer is machine oil or paraffin, and lubricant is mineral oil.
Tungsten carbide is the basic constituent of hard alloy, when tungsten carbide powder is prepared by almost all of CEMENTED CARBIDE PRODUCTION producer, all
Be use solid powdered carbon be raw material, at H2In carbon shirt-circuiting furnace, after high temperature cabonization reacts, tungsten carbide powder is prepared under atmosphere protection.
The shortcoming using solid powdered carbon to produce tungsten carbide powder is that powdered carbon and tungsten powder can not be fully contacted, and causes carbonization incomplete, impact
Alloy mass；Additionally powdered carbon environmental pollution is more serious, and workman's labor condition is poor, and labor intensity is higher.
Raw-material processing is extremely important to the tungsten carbide obtaining small grains.When carbon content is low when, a kind of gold can be generated
Complex between genus, can make the intensity of product decline.On the contrary, when carbon content height, a kind of carbon being freely orientated can be generated,
Also product strength is made to decline.The present invention uses vapor phase method to prepare WC powder, uses CH4It is raw material with tungsten powder, at CH4With
H2Mixed atmosphere under, by tungsten powder through gas carburization, prepare tungsten-carbide powder.The effect adding a small amount of vanadium carbide is to hinder
The inhomogeneous growth of the tungsten carbide crystal grain only generated, thus obtain even-grained fine crystalline carbon tungsten powder.
Whole tungsten-carbide powder preparation process, all in inert gas environment, is possible to prevent the oxidation of tungsten-carbide powder, controls
The phosphorus content of tungsten-carbide powder, obtains the raw material of excellent properties.
Crystallite dimension is that the tungsten carbide of 0.2 μm has been found to and is actually applied on microbit, the carbon of ultra-fine grain
Change tungsten and be of value to hardness, wearability and the fracture strength that acquisition is good.To the general micro drill currently used, by refinement
Crystallite dimension, from 0.8 to 0.2 μm, can make fracture strength be brought up to 4.0GPa by 3.5GPa, and hardness is carried by 93.0HRa
High to 93.5HRa.
Prepare composite of the present invention and comprise two kinds of bonding mechanisms: be a kind of machine-processed for mechanism, by extruding force effect
Make tungsten carbide and high-strength steel that strong plastic deformation to occur, it is achieved tentatively to combine；The second bonding mechanism is flooding mechanism,
In high-temperature sintering process, it is more abundant that diffusion process is carried out.
In high-temperature sintering process, it will by advanced laser heater, tungsten-carbide powder and high-strength steel inner core are heated.
To guarantee the uniform of Temperature Distribution, if temperature distributing disproportionation is even in sintering process, it will cause carbon to be distributed in the alloy not
Uniformly, product properties is caused to be deteriorated.Raw material is heated to 1000～1100 DEG C of insulation more than 2h, is to make tungsten carbide powder
End and high-strength steel granule are combined with each other, thus change its performance.Sintering can make tungsten carbide particle send out with high-strength steel surface
Life is cohered, and makes sintered body intensity increase by intergranular connection.The increase of sintered body intensity is also embodied in pore volume and hole
The minimizing of sum, and in the change of pore shape, after high temperature sintering, raw material hole gradually tapers up into closed pore, then becomes round.
The extrusion cladding of composite is realized by hot extrusion, and the cooling procedure diffusion after extrusion cladding is inevitable,
Along with the rising of extrusion temperature, diffusion process is relatively more abundant, and the bond strength at interface have also been obtained raising in various degree.
Extrusion speed in extrusion process associates with heating-up temperature, along with the raising of extrusion speed must reduce heating temperature
Degree.Determine suitable extrusion speed, it is ensured that properties of product are excellent.Extrusion process needs to add a small amount of lubricant, lubrication
Agent can be the mineral oil adding some filler, improves metal flow rates, prevents the inhomogeneities of tissue, performance,
Reduce extruding force.
Carry out extruding, when sintering, it is necessary to carry out under vacuum conditions, owing to decarburization phenomenon can be there is the when that powder solidifying,
For anti-oxidation, all of course of processing all will be carried out under vacuum.Use the pressure of equilibrium to powder and interior simultaneously
Core extrudes, and eliminates the pore that can produce in extrusion process.
In sintering, extrusion process, tungsten carbide and high-strength steel initial surface in mould rupture；Extended surface causes unsalted surface
Appear；Tungsten carbide is clamp-oned in high-strength steel surface crack by normal direction extruding force；Two kinds of metals converge in gap and form true knot
Close.Bi-material pristine interfaces ruptures in extrusion process so that pure organization exposure, by the pressure that extruder is powerful
This clean surface is pressed into close to atomic distance scope and forms real combination.
Directly extruding, the tungsten carbide of sintering, high-strength steel compound bar any surface finish, and outer layer tungsten carbide thickness is uniform.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and appoints
What those familiar with the art is in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to technical scheme and send out
Bright design equivalent or change in addition, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation method of a novel ultra micro drill bit composite, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) being placed in carbide furnace by tungsten powder, the vanadium carbide adding tungsten powder weight 0.4%～0.6% is mixed homogeneously with tungsten powder；Logical
Enter with the CH of 4.0～4.5:1 volume ratio mixing4And H2Mixed gas, after being warmed up to 1000～1300 DEG C in stove, insulation
More than 1h, prepares the tungsten-carbide powder of phosphorus content 5.0%～6.0% by tungsten powder through gas carburization, and the particle diameter of tungsten-carbide powder is
0.2～0.4 μm；
2) tungsten-carbide powder prepared is inserted in mould, and mould is arranged on forcing press；
3) make cylindrical high-strength steel inner core, after the polishing of surface, smear plasticizer and lubricant, utilize high precision computation machine fixed
High-strength steel inner core is put into forcing press center by position system, and forcing press pressurization makes high-strength steel inner core enter in mould, and is in mould
Center；
4) mould that will be equipped with tungsten-carbide powder and high-strength steel inner core is put in vacuum hotpressing stove, evacuation, vacuum 0.8～
1.2×10-4Pa；Heating the tungsten-carbide powder in mould and high-strength steel inner core by laser heater, temperature is
1000～1100 DEG C, it is incubated more than 2h；While heating, mould is applied counterpressure, make under extruding, agglomeration
Tungsten-carbide powder is complex as a whole with high-strength steel inner core.
The preparation method of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State in sintering process by the thermocouple measurement real time temperature being located on mould.
The preparation method of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating in extrusion process, along with the increase of extrusion speed reduces heating-up temperature accordingly, extrusion speed often increases by 5%～10%, temperature
Reduce by 20 DEG C～40 DEG C.
The preparation method of a kind of novel ultra micro drill bit composite the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Stating plasticizer is machine oil or paraffin, and lubricant is mineral oil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610300252.5A CN105967719B (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | A kind of preparation method of ultra micro drill bit composite material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610300252.5A CN105967719B (en) | 2016-05-09 | 2016-05-09 | A kind of preparation method of ultra micro drill bit composite material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105967719A true CN105967719A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
| CN105967719B CN105967719B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108339986A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-31 | 辽宁科技大学 | The Nanometre grade tungsten carbide composite material and preparation method of micro drill addition nickel |
| CN112605412A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 杭州太普机械科技有限公司 | Lathe turret and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102350491A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-02-15 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide particle enhanced steel-base surface layer composite bar |
| CN105088044A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-11-25 | 株洲水箭硬质合金有限责任公司 | Preparation method of nanometer unbonded phase ultra-hard cemented carbide product |
-
2016
- 2016-05-09 CN CN201610300252.5A patent/CN105967719B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102350491A (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2012-02-15 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Preparation method of tungsten carbide particle enhanced steel-base surface layer composite bar |
| CN105088044A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-11-25 | 株洲水箭硬质合金有限责任公司 | Preparation method of nanometer unbonded phase ultra-hard cemented carbide product |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘沙等: "碳化钨粉制备新技术", 《稀有金属与硬质合金》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108339986A (en) * | 2018-02-27 | 2018-07-31 | 辽宁科技大学 | The Nanometre grade tungsten carbide composite material and preparation method of micro drill addition nickel |
| CN112605412A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-06 | 杭州太普机械科技有限公司 | Lathe turret and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105967719B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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Inventor after: Zhang Hongmei Inventor after: Jing Yi Inventor after: Wu Hao Inventor after: Peng Xingdong Inventor after: Li Na Inventor after: Zhao Dadong Inventor after: Liao Guibing Inventor after: Bian Di Inventor before: Zhang Hongmei Inventor before: Jing Yi Inventor before: Wu Hao Inventor before: Peng Xingdong Inventor before: Jiang Zhengyi Inventor before: Li Na Inventor before: Zhao Dadong Inventor before: Liao Guibing Inventor before: Bian Di |
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Granted publication date: 20180731 Termination date: 20210509 |