CN105967384A - Method for controlling generation of iodo-trihalomethanes in drinking water - Google Patents
Method for controlling generation of iodo-trihalomethanes in drinking water Download PDFInfo
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- CN105967384A CN105967384A CN201610349046.3A CN201610349046A CN105967384A CN 105967384 A CN105967384 A CN 105967384A CN 201610349046 A CN201610349046 A CN 201610349046A CN 105967384 A CN105967384 A CN 105967384A
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- drinking water
- iodo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling generation of iodo-trihalomethanes in drinking water. The method comprises the following steps: (1) regulating the pH value of to-be-treated water to be less than or equal to 9, adding potassium ferrate into the to-be-treated water, stirring for uniformly mixing and reacting; (2) filtering the reacted solution by adopting a natural settling and micro-filtration membrane to obtain iodine-free water; and (3) adding disinfectant into the iodine-free water for disinfecting to obtain drinking water. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the risk of generating I-THMs in drinking water can be controlled, a complex and long operation process is not required, generation of I-THMs can be avoided under acidic and neutral pH value, I-THMs generated in subsequent chlorination/chloramine can be respectively reduced by 94.5 percent and 84.1 percent when the pH value is 9, and the carcinogenic risk of byproducts caused by disinfection with chlorine and chloramine can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of drinking water treatment, be specifically related to iodo haloform in a kind of control drinking water
The method generated.
Background technology
Drinking water disinfection is a huge advance of twentieth century publilc health cause, has data to show, uses chlorine
The 90% of cholera is reduced after sterilization, the 80% of typhoid fever sickness rate, and amebic dysentery sickness rate
50%.But Rook and Bella in 1974 et al. can produce haloform during finding drinking water chlorination
(THMs), after 2 years, American Cancer Society (NCI) announces that chloroform has carcinogenecity so that drinking water disinfection
By-product (DBPs) becomes focus of concern.Iodo haloform (I-THMs) is novel halo by-product
Thing, represent drinking water through sterilization after produce the toxic organics containing I, with similar chloro and
Bromo disinfection byproduct (DBP) is compared, and I-THMs has higher toxicity.It is reported, the cytotoxicity of iodoform is remote
Higher than other haloform, it it is 146 times of chloroform, 60 times of bromoform.In water factory of the U.S. one
In investigation, detect the I-THMs of up to 7.8 μ g/L, disclose the risk that drinking water is carcinogenic.I-THMs is
By the propiodal in water under the effect of the disinfectant such as chlorine or chloramines, react with natural organic matter (NOM) and produce.
In water, propiodal is typically derived from ocean.In marine environment, by marine organisms metabolism produce organic containing iodine
Thing finally can be transferred in air by various reactive modes so that the iodide ion concentration one in seawater surface gas phase
As up to 45～65 μ g/L；Meanwhile, the Hypoiodous acid (HIO) that the ozone oxidation iodide ion in atmospheric environment generates can be with NOM
React, generate volatile compound and transfer in atmospheric environment.Part in final atmospheric environment is organic containing iodine
Compound can be transferred in inland water environment by rainfall approach so that the iodide ion concentration liter in Inland Water
High.For the surface water and groundwater of coastal area, seawater invasion also results in iodide ion concentration more than 50 μ g/L.
Richardson et al. investigates the existence of iodide ion in the water factory in 23 cities of America & Canada, and result detects
104.2 μ g/L have been reached to the highest iodide ion concentration.
Under free chlorine effect, iodate (IO3 -) and the formation of I-THMs there is Competition.Iodide ion is first
First being become Hypoiodous acid (HIO) (HOI) by oxychloride, HOI reacts with the NOM in water, can generate I-THMs.HOI
Dismutation reaction can occur in this course, result in reduzate I–With oxidation product IO3 -But, this reaction
Being impossible in actual water treatment procedure, because its reaction is fairly slow, the half-life of HOI was at 4 days
(50 μ g/L HOI, pH9,5mM carbonate buffer solution) to 3.5 years (1 μ g/L HOI, pH6 delays without carbonate
Rush liquid) between.By comparison, chlorine can continue reaction generate IO with rapid oxidation HOI3 -, by the most freely
Chlorine and chloramines produce the ability of I-THMs under the conditions of iodide ion, it is believed that chloramines is for the generation risk of I-THMs
Maximum.Because the HOI that chloramines iodine oxide ion produces and the further response speed of chloramines are very slow, at 2mg/L chlorine
Under amine environment, the half-life of HOI was close to 1 year, and be beneficial to HOI Yu NOM produces poisonous iodo by-product.
Ferrate, as a kind of green, efficiently, multi-functional chemistry in water treatment medicament, due to its operation fortune
Row is simple economical, has significant advantage in water processes.Meanwhile, ferrate can also control the generation of by-product,
Water is processed and has direct realistic meaning in sewage disposal.In the range of all pH, ferrate is all one
Planting strong oxidizer, the reduction potential under the conditions of acid condition and alkalescence is respectively 2.2V and 0.7V.At acid bar
Under part, the oxidisability of potassium ferrate is only second to hydroxyl radical free radical, is better than far away during water processes other oxidants used.
Ferrate the most just can reach the purpose of sterilization in the range of all pH, adopts from the whole world
The former water experiment of sample shows, it is higher than 99.9% to the killing rate of coliform bacteria.Result also shows relative to secondary chlorine
Acid sodium, potassium ferrate can be in lower dosage or inactivation Escherichia (E.coli) in less time of contact.
The spore bacteria cannot killed for a lot of chlorine, ferrate has also shown extraordinary killing effect.Ferric acid
Salt is for a lot of emerging toxin in water body, it is also possible to effectively remove.But, ferrate is difficult to stable in water
Exist, will react complete in the shortest time, not possess persistence disinfecting power.Therefore rarely have ferrate
It is applied to the precedent of drinking water disinfection, utilizes ferrate to be used in combination with chlorine (amine), drinking water is carried out
While sterilization, the most someone did not related to the method for control I-THMs generation risk.
Summary of the invention
Defect that the purpose of the present invention is contemplated to overcome above-mentioned prior art to exist and a kind of simple and safe, energy is provided
Effectively reduce and use chlorine and chloramines disinfection to bring the side that in the control drinking water of carcinogenic risk, iodo haloform generates
Method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: iodo haloform in a kind of control drinking water
The method generated, the method includes following step:
(1) regulate the pH value of pending water to pH≤9, in pending water, then add potassium ferrate,
Under this pH, potassium ferrate is relatively stable, be not easy to hydrolysis, can fully react with iodide ion, and be oxidized into
Inert iodate, stirring makes it mix and reacts；
(2) reacted solution uses mode associated with natural subsidence and micro-filtration membrane to filter, and obtains without iodine water；
(3) in step (2) gained is without iodine water, add disinfectant to carry out disinfection, obtain drinking water.
Containing iodide ion in described pending water, the concentration of described iodide ion is≤10 μMs.
The addition of described potassium ferrate is more than or equal to 2mg/L, and under this dosage, the iodide ion in water is permissible
It is fully oxidized as iodate, thoroughly stops the generation risk of iodo haloform.
Mixing time described in step (1) is 2min, and the response time is 30min.
Step (2) described filtration first uses natural subsidence, then uses micro-filtration membrane to filter, described naturally heavy
The time of fall is 5～10min, and described micro-filtration membrane includes the one in cellulose acetate film or poly (ether sulfone) film.Filter process
Middle major part insoluble matter natural subsidence, small part material settling efficiency is low, is filtered by micro-filtration membrane and increases removal
Rate, two ways is used in combination the consumption not only reducing micro-filtration membrane, also improves the clearance of particle.
Step (3) described disinfectant includes the one in chlorine or chloramines.
The addition of described chlorine or chloramines is 3mg/L, and described disinfecting time is 2～72h.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in following several respects:
(1) control the generation risk of I-THMs in drinking water, I-THMs can be avoided acid under neutral pH
Generation, the I-THMs that follow-up chlorination/chloramination can be made when pH≤9 respectively to produce reduces 94.5% and 84.1%,
Can effectively reduce the by-product carcinogenic risk using chlorine and chloramines disinfection to bring.
(2) present invention is simple to operate, easy control of reaction conditions, and the chemical reagent and the material that are used are water
Process conventional products, is not introduced into other poisonous and harmful substance, and its safety is especially prominent.
(3) in the present invention, reaction need not carry out under airtight oxygen-free environment, also can lead under uncovered room temperature environment
Cross the effect of potassium ferrate, effectively reduce the growing amount of I-THMs.
(4) one of dominant response product of the potassium ferrate used in the present invention is trivalent iron salt, is therefore subtracting
Few I-THMs can improve water body flocculating effect while generating.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that different potassium ferrate dosage changes the effect of I-THMs growing amount in disinfecting process to controlling chlorine (amine)
Fruit figure；
Fig. 2 is that different pH controls the design sketch of I-THMs growing amount in chlorination process to potassium ferrate pre-oxidation；
Fig. 3 is that different pH controls the effect of I-THMs growing amount during chlorine (amine) is changed to potassium ferrate pre-oxidation
Fruit figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborating embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment enters under premised on technical solution of the present invention
Row is implemented, and gives detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but under protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
The embodiment stated.
Embodiment 1
Adding 10 μMs of iodide ions in Huangpu River Water, controlling temperature is 25 DEG C, and pH is 7, in reactant liquor
Add potassium ferrate and carry out pre-oxidation test, after 30min, reactant liquor is carried out quiet heavy and membrane filtration, after filter in water respectively
Add 3mg/L chlorine and chloramines.Calculate by material concentration in water, potassium ferrate dosage be respectively 0mg/L, 1mg/L,
Under conditions of 2mg/L, 3mg/L, the growing amount of I-THMs is as shown in Figure 1.
As can be seen from Figure 1 under the conditions of different high ferro dosages, the growing amount of I-THMs is widely different.Do not add
In the reactant liquor of potassium ferrate, chlorination and chloramination process I-THMs growing amount, all close to 200 μ g/L, work as high ferro
When acid potassium dosage reaches 1mg/L, chlorination process I-THMs growing amount reduces by more than 50%, chloramination process
I-THMs slightly reduces, and when potassium ferrate dosage is more than or equal to 2mg/L, I-THMs is almost without generation.
It follows that enough potassium ferrates can avoid the generation risk of I-THMs completely.
Embodiment 2
Adding 10 μMs of iodide ions in Huangpu River Water, controlling temperature is 25 DEG C, and the pH of regulation reactant liquor is high
Potassium ferrite dosage 2mg/L, carries out quiet heavy and membrane filtration to reactant liquor after 30min, add 3mg/L chlorine after filter in water.
When pH is respectively 5,6,7,8,9, the growing amount of I-THMs is as shown in Figure 2.
Potassium ferrate oxidisability in acid condition is extremely strong, and iodide ion can be oxidized to iodate rapidly, simultaneously can
To remove substantial amounts of natural organic matter, both act on simultaneously, cause the growing amount of I-THMs drastically to reduce.
Embodiment 3
Adding 10 μMs of iodide ions in Huangpu River Water, controlling temperature is 25 DEG C, and the pH of regulation reactant liquor is high
Potassium ferrite dosage 2mg/L, carries out quiet heavy and membrane filtration to reactant liquor after 30min, add 3mg/L chlorine after filter in water
Amine.When pH is respectively 5,6,7,8,9, the growing amount of I-THMs is as shown in Figure 3.
The oxidisability of chloramines is not as good as free chlorine, and chloramines is only capable of iodide ion is oxidized to active iodine class material, and can not enter
Oxidation step is iodate, and therefore during chloramines disinfection, the growing amount of I-THMs is much larger than cholorination process.
But, add potassium ferrate under acid condition, the generation of I-THMs during chloramines disinfection can be avoided completely,
Though it can not being avoided completely to generate under the conditions of alkalescence, but growing amount being very little.
Embodiment 4
A kind of control the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, including following step:
(1) adding 10 μMs of iodide ions in Huangpu River Water, controlling temperature is 25 DEG C, the pH of regulation reactant liquor
Being 9 to pH, being subsequently adding potassium ferrate to concentration is 2mg/L, and stirring 2min makes it mix, and reacts 30min
Obtain solution a；
(2) reacted solution a uses mode associated with natural subsidence and micro-filtration membrane to filter, natural subsidence
Time be 10min, micro-filtration membrane use cellulose acetate film, obtain without iodine water；
(3) adding chloramines in without iodine water to carry out disinfection, the chloramines amount of addition is for making without chlorine ammonia density in iodine water
For 3mg/L, disinfecting time is 72h, obtains drinking water.
(4) drinking water is carried out the detection of I-THMs, it appeared that the growing amount of I-THMs is almost 0.
Embodiment 5
A kind of control the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, including following step:
(1) adding 8 μMs of iodide ions in Huangpu River Water, controlling temperature is 25 DEG C, the pH of regulation reactant liquor
Being 7 to pH, being subsequently adding potassium ferrate to concentration is 3mg/L, and stirring 2min makes it mix, and reacts 30min
Obtain solution a；
(2) reacted solution a uses mode associated with natural subsidence and micro-filtration membrane to filter, natural subsidence
Time be 5min, micro-filtration membrane use cellulose acetate film, obtain without iodine water；
(3) adding chloramines in without iodine water to carry out disinfection, the chloramines amount of addition is for making without chlorine ammonia density in iodine water
For 3mg/L, disinfecting time is 2h, obtains drinking water.
(4) drinking water is carried out the detection of I-THMs, it appeared that the growing amount of I-THMs is almost 0.
Claims (7)
1. one kind controls the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is characterised in that the method include with
Under several steps:
(1) regulate the pH value of pending water to pH≤9, in pending water, then add potassium ferrate, stir
Mix and make it mix and react；
(2) reacted solution uses mode associated with natural subsidence and micro-filtration membrane to filter, and obtains without iodine water；
(3) in step (2) gained is without iodine water, add disinfectant to carry out disinfection, obtain drinking water.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of controlling the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is special
Levying and be, containing iodide ion in described pending water, the concentration of described iodide ion is≤10 μMs.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of controlling the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is special
Levying and be, the addition of described potassium ferrate is more than or equal to 2mg/L.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of controlling the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is special
Levying and be, the mixing time described in step (1) is 2min, and the response time is 30min.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of controlling the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is special
Levying and be, step (2) described filtration first uses natural subsidence, then uses micro-filtration membrane to filter, described from
So the time of sedimentation is 5～10min, and described micro-filtration membrane includes the one in cellulose acetate film or poly (ether sulfone) film.
The most according to claim 1 a kind of controlling the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is special
Levying and be, step (3) described disinfectant includes the one in chlorine or chloramines.
The most according to claim 6 a kind of controlling the method that iodo haloform in drinking water generates, it is special
Levying and be, the addition of described chlorine or chloramines is 3mg/L, and described disinfecting time is 2～72h.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610349046.3A CN105967384A (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | Method for controlling generation of iodo-trihalomethanes in drinking water |
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| CN201610349046.3A CN105967384A (en) | 2016-05-24 | 2016-05-24 | Method for controlling generation of iodo-trihalomethanes in drinking water |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105906097A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-31 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Method and system for controlling iodo-disinfection byproduct in water |
| CN109293081A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of method of iodo contrast agent in degradation drinking water |
| CN110436667A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | The processing method of iodo haloform in a kind of water body |
| CN110745937A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for oxidizing iodide ions into iodate by using ferrate and controlling generation of iodo-disinfection byproducts in water |
| CN113371901A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-09-10 | 同济大学 | Method for controlling bromate and brominated disinfection byproducts in drinking water |
| US11530137B2 (en) * | 2017-10-02 | 2022-12-20 | Phosphorus Free Water Solutions, Llc | Acidic ferrate composition and methods of making ferrate |
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| WO2008045951A2 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Spicer Randolph Llc | Methods and compositions for reducing chlorine demand, decreasing disinfection by-products and controlling deposits in drinking water distribution systems |
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| WO2008045951A2 (en) * | 2006-10-10 | 2008-04-17 | Spicer Randolph Llc | Methods and compositions for reducing chlorine demand, decreasing disinfection by-products and controlling deposits in drinking water distribution systems |
| CN104370390A (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-02-25 | 华侨大学 | Method for reducing disinfection by-products generated from water treatment |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105906097A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-31 | 深圳职业技术学院 | Method and system for controlling iodo-disinfection byproduct in water |
| CN105906097B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2019-01-22 | 深圳职业技术学院 | The method and system of iodo disinfection by-products in a kind of control water |
| US11530137B2 (en) * | 2017-10-02 | 2022-12-20 | Phosphorus Free Water Solutions, Llc | Acidic ferrate composition and methods of making ferrate |
| CN109293081A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 上海电力学院 | A kind of method of iodo contrast agent in degradation drinking water |
| CN110436667A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-12 | 中国科学技术大学 | The processing method of iodo haloform in a kind of water body |
| CN110745937A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for oxidizing iodide ions into iodate by using ferrate and controlling generation of iodo-disinfection byproducts in water |
| CN113371901A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-09-10 | 同济大学 | Method for controlling bromate and brominated disinfection byproducts in drinking water |
| CN113371901B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-07-26 | 同济大学 | Method for controlling bromate and brominated disinfection byproducts in drinking water |
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Application publication date: 20160928 |