CN105965895A - Multi-gyring extruder for 3D printing and control system - Google Patents
Multi-gyring extruder for 3D printing and control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105965895A CN105965895A CN201610382598.4A CN201610382598A CN105965895A CN 105965895 A CN105965895 A CN 105965895A CN 201610382598 A CN201610382598 A CN 201610382598A CN 105965895 A CN105965895 A CN 105965895A
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- grades
- hot flow
- screw rod
- level
- extruder
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/22—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces for producing castings from a slip
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-gyring extruder for 3D printing. The multi-gyring extruder for 3D printing comprises a housing and a screw extruding system, wherein a driving system is arranged at one end of the housing; the screw extruding system is arranged in the housing and comprises at least two screws which are correspondingly embedded at the inside and outside; at least one screw is driven through the driving system. According to the multi-gyring extruder, the length is greatly reduced, so that the size of an industrial 3D printer can be further reduced. The multi-gyring extruder for the 3D printing is stable in flow output, high in accuracy, low in energy consumption, high in heat energy utilization rate, light in weight, small in size, high in heating efficiency, novel in design, high in practicability, easy to popularize and apply, and extremely high in economic value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique field, particularly relate to a kind of 3D and print with multiple convolution extruder.
Background technology
3D prints, and is according to designed 3D model, successively increases material by 3D printing device and manufacture
The technology of three-dimensional objects.This successively stack shaping technology is also referred to as increasing material manufacture.3D prints and combines number
The forward position skill of the numerous areas such as word modeling technique, Electromechanical Control technology, information technology, material science and chemistry
Art, is the one of rapid shaping technique, is described as the core technology of " industrial revolution for the third time ".With tradition
Manufacturing technology is compared, and 3D prints need not manufacture mould in advance, it is not necessary to remove substantial amounts of material in the fabrication process,
Also can be obtained by final products without going through complicated Forging Technology, therefore, knot can be realized on producing
Structure optimizes, saves material and save the energy.3D printing technique is suitable for new product development, quick-acting single and little
Part volume manufacture, the manufacture of complicated shape part, design and the manufacture etc. of mould, be also suitable for difficult processing
The manufacture of material, configuration design inspection, assembly test and Rapid reverse engineering etc..Therefore, 3D prints industry
Receive and pay close attention to the most widely both at home and abroad, will become next and have rising industry with broad prospects for development.
At present, 3D prints and has been applied to the fields such as product prototype, Making mold, art creation product, jewelry-making,
The conventional fine processing technique that these fields alternative are relied on.In addition, biological engineering and medical science,
The fields such as building, clothing, the introducing of 3D printing technique has also opened up broader development space for it.
3D prints needs to use extruder, but existing extruder also exists following problem: 1, extrude
Captain's degree is longer, make 3D printer bulky, deadweight bigger；2, existing extruder energy consumption is high；3、
Extruder output flow is unstable, and these problems demand solve.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art to provide a kind of 3D to print with returning more
Rotation extruder, has lightweight, miniaturization, energy consumption are low, area of dissipation reduces, the efficiency of heating surface is high, output
The advantages such as stability of flow.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of 3D multiple convolution extruder of printing, including:
Casing, one end of described casing is provided with drive system；
Screw Extrusion system, described Screw Extrusion system is located in described casing, described Screw Extrusion system by
The most double nested inside and outside point screw rod is constituted, and wherein, at least one screw rod is driven by described drive system.
Preferably, described Screw Extrusion system include the most successively one-level screw rod, two grades of screw rods, three
Level screw rod；It is respectively equipped with cavity in described one-level screw rod, two grades of screw rods；Between described casing and one-level screw rod
Form one-level hot flow path, between described two grades of screw rods and one-level screw rod, form two grades of hot flow paths, described three grades of spiral shells
Three grades of hot flow paths are formed between bar and described two grades of screw rods.
Preferably, the helical angle of described one-level screw rod is less than the helical angle of two grades of screw rods, described two grades of screw rods
Helical angle is less than the helical angle of three grades of screw rods.
Preferably, described one-level hot flow path is provided with the first micropore producing gas for discharging material.
Preferably, the intersection of described two grades of hot flow paths and three grades of hot flow paths is provided with and produces gas for discharging material
Second micropore of body.Second micropore can arrange one or several as required.
Preferably, the described material theoretical extrusion capacity in one-level hot flow path is more than material in two grades of hot flow paths
Theoretical extrusion capacity, the material theoretical extrusion capacity in two grades of hot flow paths more than material in three grades of hot flow paths
Theoretical extrusion capacity, wherein, the material theoretical extrusion capacity in three grades of hot flow paths is in the extrusion capacity that material is specified
Within threshold range.
Preferably, described one-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths are sequentially connected in series and communicate formation even
Continuous passage.
Preferably, one or more in described one-level screw rod, two grades of screw rods, three grades of screw rods is by drivetrain
System drives and rotates.
Preferably, described one-level screw rod is driven by drive system.
Preferably, described three grades of screw rods are fixing with described one-level screw rod connects and synchronize driving.
Preferably, described two grades of screw rods remain static with casing.Described two grades of screw rods are fixing with casing even
Connecing, two grades of screw rods do not rotate.
Preferably, the sectional area of described one-level hot flow path is gradually lowered from top to bottom.
Preferably, the sectional area of described two grades of hot flow paths is gradually lowered along fluid flow direction.
Preferably, the sectional area of described three grades of hot flow paths is gradually lowered from top to bottom.
That is, described one-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths sectional area along fluid flow direction
It is gradually lowered.
Preferably, the lower section of described 3rd screw rod is provided with a nozzle system, described nozzle system and three grades of hot-fluids
Road is in the conduction state.
Preferably, the both sides of described nozzle system further respectively have pressure transducer and flow transducer.
Preferably, the side of described casing is provided with charging aperture.
Preferably, described charging aperture is connected by pipeline with feeding system.
Preferably, described feeding system is pneumatic feeding system, and described pneumatic feeding system is by graininess or powder
The material of powder be transported to charging aperture and sequentially pass through one-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths,
Nozzle system, material has been completely melt close to material during one-level hot flow path end.
Preferably, material transport path in one-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths is in even
Continuous N font.
Preferably, described casing is additionally provided with one in order to discharge the air outlet of the imported gas of pneumatic feeding system.
Preferably, described air outlet is additionally provided with a drainage screen.
Preferably, the outside of described casing is additionally provided with heater.
Preferably, described heater is electric heater unit.
Preferably, described electric heater unit is also connected with a temperature control system, and described temperature control system controls described electricity
The caloric value of heater.
Preferably, described pneumatic feeding system also includes a pre-heating drying device, and described pre-heating drying device will
Solid material is preheated to the moisture in the temperature preset material drying.
Preferably, described drive system is reducing motor.
Preferably, described reducing motor is removably connected with one-level screw rod by ring flange.
Preferably, described nozzle system includes the most a set of 3D printing nozzle.
Preferably, described nozzle system includes 4 sets or 6 set 3D printing nozzles.
Preferably, the solid material that described feeding system is carried is thermoplastic solid material.The most extensive
, the present invention can input various industrial material, such as various injection materials.
Preferably, during described solid material is metal dust, ceramic particle, glass powder, plastic grains
One or more.
Preferably, described casing uses resistant material to make.Or, the inwall of casing is provided with corrosion-resistant
Coating.
Preferably, described casing inner wall is provided with charging cone mouth at described one-level hot flow path feed end.
The present invention also provides for a kind of control system, including:
Control circuit；
Temperature control system, described temperature control system electrically connects with control circuit；
Pressure transducer, described pressure transducer electrically connects with control circuit；
Flow transducer, described flow transducer electrically connects with control circuit；
Drive system, described drive system electrically connects with control circuit,
Wherein, the described temperature control system molten state by feedback regulation control solid material, described pressure passes
Sensor, the flow transducer monitoring pressure of three grades of hot flow path exit molten state materials, flow parameter also return
To control circuit, control circuit according to pressure, the power output parameter of flow parameter feedback regulation drive system,
In the range of making molten state material actual flow when nozzle flows out be in default flow threshold.
Preferably, described control circuit is located in an electric cabinet, and described electric cabinet is additionally provided with a display screen.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the extruder of the present invention significantly reduces length and diameter increases few, makes technical grade 3D print
The size of machine can reduce further, and the extruder of the present invention also reduces volume relative to existing extruder.
2, the present invention is by arranging multiple screw rod, and the diameter of outer layer screw rod becomes big, in same extrusion capacity situation
Under cause the helical angle of outer layer screw rod can flatten slow, make fluent material slippage on screw rod diminish, therefore
Bigger propulsive force can be produced, make the material in rear class screw rod runner reduce and slide, make the hot-fluid of rear class screw rod
Extrusion capacity in road is closer to theoretical value, and the level pressure finally realizing material through multistage approximation theory value is quantitative
Stable output.The diameter of one-level screw rod is more than two grades of screw rods, and the diameter of two grades of screw rods is straight more than three grades of screw rods
Footpath, the helical pitch of one-level screw rod is led less than three grades of screw rods less than the helical pitch of two grades of screw rods, the helical pitch of two grades of screw rods
Journey, the helical angle of one-level screw rod is gently in the helical angle of two grades of screw rods, and the helical angle of two grades of screw rods is gently in three
The helical angle of level screw rod is under the effect of front two-stage screw rod, and material can keep the speed matched with the 3rd screw rod
Advancing, this is that a single screw rod is difficult to.
3, helical angle is the most precipitous, and material (fluid or the multi-phase material comprising fluid) is got in extrusion
Easily skidding, and the helical angle of one-level screw rod is very mild, material is not easy to skid, so while two grades of screw rods,
Three grades of screw rods are in extrusion, and material easily skids, but owing to one-level screw rod is in outside, material cannot
Opposite direction is moved, and this just forces store list direction to travel forward.If single screw rod, although can also be real
Existing multistage change, but due to diameter very close to, in the case of identical extrusion capacity, the change model of helical angle
Enclose and be difficult to there is bigger difference, even if using different diameter linear array (subsection setup in the straight direction)
Also result in that area of dissipation is big, the thermal efficiency reduces and length increases, volume becomes big, is unfavorable for 3D printer
Lightweight and miniaturization, the hugest due to workbench on large-scale printer, typically all printhead move
Dynamic, the weight increased can affect the printing kinematic dexterity of printhead, thus reduces print speed, increases
Weight also make the load of movement support device of printer become big, dynamic rate reduces, and these are all unfavorable for
High efficiency, high-precision printing.
4, the present invention uses multiple convolution extruding technology, and 3D printing material is in the one-level of continuous print N font
In hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths through adding heat fusing, due to flow to repeatedly change, stirring
Effect clearly, makes each component mixing in material more uniform, and the particularly additive of the trace of some exists
Under this efficient stirring mechanism, the fully dispersed each several part to material, add each of final curing materials
To the same sex.
5, slightly become big due to multiple convolution contraction in length, diameter in the case of same extrusion capacity, but always
Volume and total surface area reduce, make area of dissipation reduce, therefore energy consumption is low.Heat utilization rate is high, more
Add low-carbon (LC), green, energy-saving and environmental protection.
6, the present invention also uses feed-back regulatory mechanism, improves the control accuracy to output flow further.
7, good stability of the present invention, of good reliability, easy for operation, novel in design, practical, easily
In popularization and application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of the control system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of the refinement further of Fig. 2；
Reference:
Drive system 10；Screw Extrusion system 20；One-level screw rod 201；Two grades of screw rods 202；Second
Micropore 2021；Three grades of screw rods 203；Heater 30；Nozzle system 40；Charging aperture 50；Air-out
Mouth 501；Feeding system 51；Pressure transducer 61；Flow transducer 62；Control circuit 70；Machine
Shell 80；Charging cone mouth 801.
The object of the invention realization, functional characteristics and advantage will in conjunction with the embodiments, are described further referring to the drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein certainly
Begin to same or similar label eventually represent same or similar element or there is the unit of same or like function
Part.The embodiment described below with reference to accompanying drawing is exemplary, it is intended to be used for explaining the present invention, and not
It is understood that as limitation of the present invention.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ",
" length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", " left ",
" right ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ",
Orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " counterclockwise " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, are only
Must have for the ease of describing the present invention and simplification description rather than instruction or the device of hint indication or element
Have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " install ", " being connected ", " even
Connect ", the term such as " fixing " should be interpreted broadly, connect for example, it may be fixing, it is also possible to be removable
Unload connection, or be integrally connected；Can be to be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection；Can be to be joined directly together,
Can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.General for this area
For logical technical staff, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
When large scale industry level 3D printer prints, existing printhead does not adapt to existing multiple industry
Material, such as injected plastics material, if it is desired that printhead adapts to multiple material then needs uses the charging of class injection machine
Mechanism, but the feeding mechanism of injection machine (extrusion mechanism) is the heaviest, and its deadweight is the biggest；Greatly
Type 3D printer needs to keep that workbench is motionless, printhead motion, and now, the deadweight of printhead is with regard to notable shadow
Ring the kinematic dexterity of printhead, acceleration of motion, and extrusion mechanism as printhead a part to its from
Ghost image rings relatively big, when the deadweight of printhead and volume are all in the urgent need to lightweight, miniaturization, and extrusion mechanism is also
Need lightweight, miniaturization therewith.And present invention achieves the extruder of a kind of lightweight, miniaturization, suitable
Answer multiple industrial material, greatly reduce the deadweight of printhead.Illustrate the most as follows.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of 3D to print with multiple convolution extruder, including casing 80, institute
The one end stating casing 80 is provided with drive system 10；Screw Extrusion system 20, described Screw Extrusion system 20 sets
In described casing 80, described Screw Extrusion system 20 is made up of point inside and outside the most double nested screw rod,
At least one screw rod is driven by described drive system 10.
In the above-described embodiments, by arranging the most double screw rod, multiple convolution extrusion mechanism is formed, it is achieved
In little spatial dimension, extend the length of material conveying, extend heat time heating time, mixing time, make material
Add heat fusing, mixing more thorough.In use, drive system 10 is positioned at the top of casing 80.This
Bright convolution extruded material, considerably reduces the length of screw rod, and then reduces the length of extruder, makes to squeeze
Go out machine to match with technical grade 3D printer, be conducive to reducing further the invalid portion of technical grade 3D printer
The size divided.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described Screw Extrusion system 20 includes one-level screw rod the most successively
201,202, three grades of screw rods 203 of two grades of screw rods；Set respectively in 201, two grades of screw rods 202 of described one-level screw rod
Having cavity, three grades of screw rods 203 are if afterbody screw rod then cavity is not necessary to setting；Described casing
One-level hot flow path, described two grades of screw rods 202 and one-level screw rod 201 is formed between 80 inwalls and one-level screw rod 201
Two grades of hot flow paths, shape between described three grades of screw rods 203 and described two grades of screw rod 202 inwalls is formed between inwall
Become three grades of hot flow paths.
In the above-described embodiments, being provided with triple screw rod, this is the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the helical angle of described one-level screw rod 201 is gently in two grades of screw rods 202
Helical angle, the helical angle of described two grades of screw rods 202 is gently in the helical angle of three grades of screw rods 203.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the intersection of described two grades of hot flow paths and three grades of hot flow paths is provided with for arranging
Putting material produces the second micropore 2021 of gas, it is to avoid gas residue affects print quality in material.Should
Second micropore 2021 is the least due to bore, and high viscosity melted material also will not be made to leak.Gas is from two grades of warm
Second micropore 2021 of the epimere of runner discharges, if there being the trace sprayed with gas from the second micropore 2021
Material can be brought in one-level hot flow path by one-level screw rod 201 again, it is to avoid material waste.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the described material theoretical extrusion capacity in one-level hot flow path exists more than material
Theoretical extrusion capacity in two grades of hot flow paths, the material theoretical extrusion capacity in two grades of hot flow paths is more than material three
Theoretical extrusion capacity in level hot flow path, wherein, the material theoretical extrusion capacity in three grades of hot flow paths is in material
Within specified extrusion capacity threshold range.Specifically making when, the theory that can arrange three grades of screw rods is squeezed
The ratio of output.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described one-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths are gone here and there successively
Connection communicates formation continuous passage.Specifically, the lower end of one-level hot flow path is led mutually with the lower end of two grades of hot flow paths
Logical, the upper end of two grades of hot flow paths is conducted with the upper end of three grades of hot flow paths.
One embodiment of the present of invention, in described one-level screw rod 202, three grades of screw rods 203 of 201, two grades of screw rods
One or more driven rotation by drive system 10.The most further saying, drive system 10 also may be used
Multiple to be provided with, as arranged drivetrain unification, drive system two, drive system three, so, each drive
Dynamic system 10 is all operated alone a screw rod.Make the ratio scalable of their extruded velocity, or, it is they it
Between combination in any and equivalent transformation.All can ensure the enforcement of the present invention.In addition it should be pointed out that, this
Invention can also arrange quadruple screw rod, five weight screw rods, sixfold screw rod or more multiple screw rod, enters one with this
The function of the enhancing present invention of step.Predictably, by increasing the quantity of screw rod, Ke Yijin further
One step reduces the length of extruder, but, also increasing along with difficulty of processing.If additionally, arranging more
Weight screw rod then there will be the situations such as the width increase of extruder.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described one-level screw rod 201 is driven by drive system 10, described three grades of spiral shells
Bar 203 is fixing with described one-level screw rod 201 to be connected and synchronize driving, described two grades of screw rods 202 and casing 80
Fixing connection, i.e. two grades screw rods 202 remain static with casing 80.
One embodiment of the present of invention, one-level screw rod 201 helicla flute sectional area gradually subtracts along fluid flow direction
Little, and then conveying material downwards when, play the effect of extruding.As required, described two grades of screw rods 202
Helicla flute sectional area also can be gradually reduced along fluid flow direction, to further enhance squeezing effect, or cuts
Area immobilizes to play submeter effect, also can make discrete helicla flute or straight trough and stir to strengthen
Mixing effect, afterbody hot flow path (such as three grades of hot flow paths) typically serves to metering effect, and its coil cross section is amassed
Can be not changed in along fluid flow direction.Sectional area is the physical quantity corresponding with volume.
Additionally, further, the spiral on described first screw rod can be divided into some sections, the spiral shell of each section
All can choose as required away from, spiral groove depth.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the lower section of described 3rd screw rod is provided with a nozzle system 40, described nozzle
System 40 is in the conduction state with three grades of hot flow paths.In the present invention, existing various nozzle system can be used
System 40 is in order to the material output extruded by extruder, within this broadly falls into protection scope of the present invention.Additionally,
If not using nozzle system 40, directly using the extruder of the present invention directly to export, belonging to the change of the present invention
Bad embodiment, but also can realize the function of material output, within this also falls into protection scope of the present invention.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the both sides of described nozzle system 40 further respectively have pressure transducer 61
With flow transducer 62.In the above-described embodiments, described pressure transducer 61 is said in order to measure three grades of hot-fluids
The pressure of material at Kou.Certainly, described pressure transducer 61 and flow transducer 62 are arranged on three grades of hot-fluids
The latter end in road, the position that arranges of the two can be in the same side.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the side of described casing 80 is provided with charging aperture 50.Described charging aperture 50
It is connected by pipeline with feeding system 51.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described feeding system 51 is pneumatic feeding system, described pneumatic feed system
The solid material of graininess or powder is transported to charging aperture 50 by system, and sequentially pass through one-level hot flow path, two
Level hot flow path, three grades of hot flow paths, nozzle systems 40.Expansion further to the present invention, and use pneumatic confession
During material system, can arrange multiple pipeline, each pipeline inputs one or more materials.Pneumatic feeding system
Also there is drying unit, in order to material to be preheated, dries, it is to avoid the material of hygrometric state is not easy by air-flow
Spray in extruder.Owing to material is through preheating, the length of extruder also can be reduced further.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described solid material is in one-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of warm
Transport path in runner is continuous print N font.
The present invention is made a kind of deformation, within this deformation falls within protection scope of the present invention: return three
Improvement is made in rotation, and one-level screw rod 201 retains, and forms one-level hot flow path between one-level screw rod 201 and casing 80,
And two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths are the smooth passages not having spiral, or, surface has enhancing stirring
The protruding features of effect, mainly realizes extruding by the first screw rod and provides supercharging, conveying dynamic
Power, and two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths realize extending heat time heating time, reinforcement stirring action, stablizing material
The effect of flowing.If two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths are that the convolution through hole in solid also can realize above-mentioned mesh
, now, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths do not use screw rod, but also achieve and use two grades
202, three grades of same or similar functions of screw rod 203 of screw rod, so, the present embodiment falls within the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of protecting.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described casing 80 is additionally provided with one and is led in order to discharge pneumatic feeding system
Enter the air outlet 501 of gas.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described air outlet 501 is additionally provided with a drainage screen.Described air outlet 501
Do not limit the installation form of drainage screen.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the outside of described casing 80 is additionally provided with heater 30.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described heater 30 is electric heater unit 30.In the above-described embodiments,
Do not limit the mounting means of electric heater unit 30.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described electric heater unit 30 is also connected with a temperature control system, described temperature control
System controls the caloric value of described electric heater unit 30.By controlling caloric value in order to by the material of different melting points
Fusing, due to the heat heterogeneity needed for different types of material phase transformation, if the material inputted is multiple,
Heat required for the most multiple material and different flow velocitys is also not quite similar, and therefore the present invention uses width
The temperature control system of scope.It is also possible to use other heater 30.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described pneumatic feeding system also includes a set of pre-heating drying device, described
Solid material is preheated to the temperature preset and unnecessary moisture and other volatile matters is arranged by pre-heating drying device
Remove.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described drive system 10 is reducing motor.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described reducing motor is detachably connected with one-level screw rod 201 by ring flange
Connect.Additionally, the connection members such as shaft coupling can also be used between described reducing motor and one-level screw rod 201 to enter
Row connects, and uses other connection members that reducing motor and one-level screw rod 201 carry out power transmission and broadly fall into
Within protection scope of the present invention.Specifically, described reducing motor includes motor and reduction gear box.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described nozzle system 40 includes the most a set of 3D printing nozzle.
It is preferably 4 sets or 6 sets.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described nozzle system 40 includes the 3D of multiple reasonable layout and prints use
Nozzle.The present invention can use more nozzle as required, these nozzles ringwise, linear type, star
Etc. topology.Additionally, highly preferred, the end of these nozzles is copline under non-print duty.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the bore of each nozzle all can select as required.For the ease of printing,
On an extruder, the nozzle of caliber series change can be installed, in order to export applicable bore as required
Material.
One embodiment of the present of invention, the solid material that described feeding system 51 is carried is thermoplastic solid
Material.Or photocuring and chemical reaction solidify or the material of air-setting.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described solid material be metal dust, ceramic particle, glass powder,
One or more in plastic grains.Further, described solid material can also mix liquid,
Creamy material.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described casing 80 uses resistant material to make.Of the present invention
Screw rod is also adopted by resistant material and makes.In the present invention further preferably exotic material, each screw rod or casing 80 also
Corrosion-resistant finishes or other process of surface treatment can be used, in order to promote the decay resistance of the present invention, resistance to
High-temperature behavior and anti-wear performance.
In order to solve when needs charging at a high speed, the technical problem that the above embodiments charging rate is not enough, this
One embodiment of invention: described casing 80 inwall is provided with charging cone at described one-level hot flow path feed end
Mouth 801.By arranging charging cone mouth 801, the material of the granule that is suitable for varying in size, one-level screw rod often rotates
Within one week, its inlet amount can increase, and then adapts to the high speed charging of extruder.
Refer to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, invention additionally discloses a kind of control system, including: control circuit 70；Temperature
Ore-controlling Role, described temperature control system electrically connects with control circuit 70；Pressure transducer 61, described pressure transducer
61 electrically connect with control circuit 70；Flow transducer 62, described flow transducer 62 and control circuit 70
Electrical connection；Drive system 10, described drive system 10 electrically connects with control circuit 70, wherein, described temperature
The Ore-controlling Role molten state by feedback regulation control solid material, described pressure transducer 61, flow sensing
Device 62 is monitored the pressure of three grades of hot flow path exit molten state materials, flow parameter and is back to control circuit 70,
Control circuit 70, according to pressure, the power output parameter of flow parameter feedback regulation drive system 10, makes to melt
Melt in the range of state material actual flow when nozzle flows out is in default flow threshold.
Further, described pressure transducer 61 can also be other pressure gauge, as measured injection
The pressure gauge of machine hot flow path can be used among the present invention.Additionally, what pressure transducer 61 was measured
Parameter can be input to control circuit by analog to digital conversion circuit.Additionally, flow transducer 62 can be electron stream
Quantity sensor, such as clamp-type effusion meter, naturally it is also possible to use other kinds of flow detector, and this
Within a little embodiments both fall within protection scope of the present invention.
One embodiment of the present of invention, described control circuit 70 is located in an electric cabinet, on described electric cabinet also
It is provided with a display screen.Additionally, be additionally provided with adjusting knob or button on described electric cabinet.
The operation principle (illustrating as a example by triple screw rods) of the present invention: solid material passes through air-actuated feeding
System advertises entrance charging aperture 50, and unnecessary gas is discharged through air outlet 501, and solid material then enters machine
In the cavity volume of shell 80, under the rotary action of one-level screw rod, solid material is pressed into one-level hot flow path, adds at electricity
Gradually melting under the heat effect of thermal 30, solid material is molten before marching to the end of one-level hot flow path
Changing complete, the gas in solid material gap is the most upwards discharged through air outlet 501 through one-level hot flow path again, Gu
Body material is squeezed in one-level hot flow path；Material after fusing enters two grades of hot flow paths, at one-level hot-fluid
Road, two grades of hot flow paths turn to and are further stirred at change, and material continues heated, if occur not by
The solid material of fusing, can also be allowed to melt in two grades of hot flow paths；Material flows out suitable from two grades of hot flow paths
Three grades of hot flow paths of secondary entrance, the intersection's material that turns at two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths is reinforced again
Stirring, in two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths, the gas of residual the most also can come together in this simultaneously
Place, and is expelled at the second micropore 2021 from there at the top charging of one-level hot flow path, and due to this
The least material revealed with gas of two micropore 2021 holes is the most considerably less, the material quilt gone out with gas leakage
The advancing material in one-level hot flow path top drives and reenters in one-level hot flow path, has so circulated aerofluxus
Process.Finally, material sprays from nozzle system 40 bottom afterbody screw rod.One-level screw rod 201, two
Level screw rod 202 all hollow is arranged, and afterbody pitch can not be hollow, and one-level screw rod 201
Diameter more than two grades of screw rods 202, the diameter of two grades of screw rods 202 is more than the diameter of three grades of screw rods 203, one-level
The helical pitch of screw rod 201 is led less than three grades of screw rods less than the helical pitch of two grades of screw rods 202, the helical pitch of two grades of screw rods
Journey, the helical angle of one-level screw rod 201 is more than the helical angle of two grades of screw rods 202, the spiral of two grades of screw rods 202
Angle is more than the helical angle of three grades of screw rods 203, and so, triple screw rod helical pitches are gradually increased, and helical angle is gradually put down
Slow, screw rod utilizes frictional force to drive material to advance, and helical pitch is the biggest, and the power of its conveying material is the poorest, material
The most easily lag behind the rotating speed of screw rod, so, by arranging three grades of helical pitches, although the helical pitch of the 3rd screw rod is relatively
Greatly, helical angle more precipitous, but under the effect of front two-stage screw rod, material can keep matching with the 3rd screw rod
Speed advance.And according to the existing extruder of a single screw rod, be just not easy to change it on a large scale
Helical pitch, even if single screw rod subsection setup helicla flute in the axial direction, it is also difficult to realize helical pitch three rank of the present invention
The effect that section is widely varied.And the present invention uses triple screw rod, owing to the diameter of triple screw rods is different, just
It is easier to the change helical pitch of several times in the case of theoretical extrusion capacity is close.Material in one-level hot flow path, its
Axially gait of march is relatively slow, and this also allows for heating it, melting.By arranging three grades of helical pitches, finally
Achieve the output that material is stable.
In sum, the extruder of the present invention significantly reduces length, makes the size of technical grade 3D printer
Can reduce further.The present invention uses multiple convolution extruding technology, and 3D printing material is at continuous print N word
Through adding heat fusing and experiencing three superchargings in the one-level hot flow path of shape, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths,
From its stability of flow of material of three grades of hot flow path outputs, using the most safe and reliable, precision is high.Thing
Material is process extruding, heating and melting, mixing in one-level hot flow path, further supercharging in two grades of hot flow paths,
Melt, mix, three grades of hot flow paths realize equipressure conveying.Energy consumption is low.Area of dissipation of the present invention is little, heat
Can utilization rate height.The present invention also uses feed-back regulatory mechanism, improves the essence of the control to output flow further
Degree.Good stability of the present invention, of good reliability, easy for operation, novel in design, practical, it is easy to
Popularization and application.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " show
Example ", the description of " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means to combine this embodiment or example describes
Specific features, structure, material or feature be contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.
In this manual, the schematic representation to above-mentioned term is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.
And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can be in any one or more embodiments
Or example combines in an appropriate manner.
Although above it has been shown and described that embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment
Being exemplary, it is impossible to be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art is without departing from this
Above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention in the case of the principle of invention and objective, repair
Change, replace and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a 3D prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that including:
Casing, one end of described casing is provided with drive system；
Screw Extrusion system, described Screw Extrusion system is located in described casing, described Screw Extrusion system by
The most double nested inside and outside point screw rod is constituted, and wherein, at least one screw rod is driven by described drive system.
3D the most according to claim 1 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
Screw Extrusion system includes one-level screw rod, two grades of screw rods, three grades of screw rods the most successively；Described one-level
It is respectively equipped with cavity in screw rod, two grades of screw rods；One-level hot flow path is formed between described casing and one-level screw rod,
Two grades of hot flow paths, described three grades of screw rods and described two grades of screw rods are formed between described two grades of screw rods and one-level screw rod
Between formed three grades of hot flow paths.
3D the most according to claim 2 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
The helical angle of one-level screw rod is less than three grades of spiral shells less than the helical angle of two grades of screw rods, the helical angle of described two grades of screw rods
The helical angle of bar.
3D the most according to claim 2 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
One-level hot flow path is provided with the first micropore producing gas for discharging material.
3D the most according to claim 2 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
The material theoretical extrusion capacity in one-level hot flow path is more than the material theoretical extrusion capacity in two grades of hot flow paths, thing
The material theoretical extrusion capacity in two grades of hot flow paths is more than the material theoretical extrusion capacity in three grades of hot flow paths, wherein,
Within the material theoretical extrusion capacity in three grades of hot flow paths is in the extrusion capacity threshold range that material is specified.
3D the most according to claim 2 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
One-level hot flow path, two grades of hot flow paths, three grades of hot flow paths are sequentially connected in series and communicate formation continuous passage.
3D the most according to claim 2 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
One or more in one-level screw rod, two grades of screw rods, three grades of screw rods is driven rotation by drive system.
3D the most according to claim 7 prints with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that described
One-level screw rod is driven by drive system.
3D the most according to claim 8 prints with multiple convolution extruder, described three grades of screw rods and institute
State the fixing connection of one-level screw rod and synchronize to drive.
The most according to claim 8 or claim 9,3D print with multiple convolution extruder, it is characterised in that
Described two grades of screw rods remain static with casing.
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| CN110678312A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2020-01-10 | 联结高性能3D技术有限公司 | Three-dimensional molding method and system |
| CN111636688A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-09-08 | 上海建工材料工程有限公司 | Intelligent control system and method for extrusion state of 3D printing nozzle of building |
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| CN105965895B (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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