CN105965032A - Electrochemical method for preparing Ag-Pd nano-alloy in quaternary ionic liquid microemulsion - Google Patents
Electrochemical method for preparing Ag-Pd nano-alloy in quaternary ionic liquid microemulsion Download PDFInfo
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- CN105965032A CN105965032A CN201610595950.2A CN201610595950A CN105965032A CN 105965032 A CN105965032 A CN 105965032A CN 201610595950 A CN201610595950 A CN 201610595950A CN 105965032 A CN105965032 A CN 105965032A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C1/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions
- C25C1/24—Alloys obtained by cathodic reduction of all their ions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/24—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from liquid metal compounds, e.g. solutions
- B22F2009/245—Reduction reaction in an Ionic Liquid [IL]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses an electrochemical method for preparing Ag-Pd nano-alloy in quaternary ionic liquid microemulsion. According to the method, in a high-conductivity quaternary ionic liquid microemulsion system formed by thermometal saline solution, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid, n-butyl alcohol and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, the Ag-Pd nano-alloy with a particle size of 2-13 nm is directly prepared in the electrochemical way. The method has the advantages that equipment is low in price, operation is easy, and the size and distribution of the obtained Ag-Pd nano-alloy can be controlled through different electrochemical preparation conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of with quaternary ion liquid microemulsion as electrolyte solution in, directly existed by electrochemical reduction
The method preparing Ag-Pd Nanoalloy in electrolyte solution.
Background technology
Nano metal material is new material the most of concern, and therefore, the preparation of nano metal material is also
It it is a very active research field.Nano metal material because its particle diameter is little, specific surface area is big and has unusual, excellent
Physics more and chemical characteristic.Nano metal material has illustrated good application prospect in each field, such as: electro-catalysis,
Bio-sensing microelectronic component and photocatalysis etc..At present, the method being used for preparing nano metal material has a lot, wherein, micro-
Emulsion method is one of method of the most promising synthesis nano metal material.
Microemulsion is the liquid immiscible by two or more, under the effect of surfactant molecule interfacial film, and shape
A kind of Thermodynamically stable become and isotropic dispersed system.The liquid-drop diameter of microemulsion dispersion phase be usually 1～
100nm, is a kind of solution system with special construction and performance.In this individual system, by " the nanometer that surfactant is stable
Pond " can be as microreactor, it can limit the nucleation of granule, grows and reunite.Therefore, in this medium, pass through
Regulation and control synthesis condition can obtain granular size and composition is controlled, the well-distributed nano material of particle diameter.Currently, substantial amounts of receive
Rice size material has passed through chemical method and has prepared in microemulsion, usually through adding reducing agent or oxidant in microemulsion
Utilize electronation or chemical oxidation to obtain corresponding nano material.Due to the electric conductivity extreme difference of general microemulsion system, difficult
For electrochemical research, so, the method preparing nano metal material currently with electrochemical method in microemulsion obtains
Extensive concern.
Ionic liquid is due to its Heat stability is good, conductivity height, vapour pressure polarity extremely low, nonflammable, suitable, wide electricity
Chemistry window and the cyclicity excellent properties such as well, thus receive researcher and pay attention to widely.Additionally, ionic liquid can also lead to
Cross and change the structure and composition of zwitterion to regulate its physics, chemical property.Ionic liquid is because of the structures shape of its uniqueness
The physical and chemical performance of its uniqueness, this also becomes a kind of novel solvent or material and is widely used.At present, ionic liquid
Body, as a kind of novel medium and material, also plays an important role in the preparation of nano material.Ionic liquid due to
Its wide electrochemical window and of a relatively high electrical conductivity, be widely used in electrochemical research.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is providing a kind of simple to operate, molten with ion liquid microemulsion for electrolyte
Liquid, the method directly preparing the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of size tunable in ion liquid microemulsion.
Solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem used to be made up of following step:
1, preparation quaternary ion liquid microemulsion
The raw material of following percent mass proportioning is mixed, forms quaternary ion liquid microemulsion；
2, using glass-carbon electrode as negative electrode, platinum plate electrode as anode, is placed in the quaternary ionic liquid that step (1) obtains micro-
In emulsion, it is 0.5～4.5mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 10～25 minutes, centrifugation, it is washed with deionized water
Wash, obtain Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.
In above-mentioned steps 1, preferably the raw material of following percent mass proportioning is mixed, formation quaternary ion liquid microemulsion:
In the above-mentioned aqueous solution containing palladium salt and silver salt, the concentration of palladium salt and silver salt is 0.005～0.05mol/L, and
The mol ratio of palladium salt and silver salt is 3:7～7:3, and described silver salt is silver nitrate, and described palladium salt is potassium chloropalladite.
In above-mentioned steps 2, it is preferably 2～3mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes.
The present invention use chlorination 1-butyl-3-Methylimidazole. ionic liquid, n-butyl alcohol, cetyl trimethylammonium bromide with
The quaternary ion liquid microemulsion with high electrical conductivity that the aqueous solution of Ag-Pd bimetal salt is constituted as electrolyte solution,
Itself and glass-carbon electrode are built into three-electrode system, coupled ion liquid microemulsion and the respective advantage of electrochemical reduction, utilize
" nanometer pond " in ion liquid microemulsion, as microreactor, is realized at electrolyte solution by the method for electrochemical reduction
In directly obtain that granular size is consistent, particle diameter Ag-Pd Nanoalloy between 2～13nm.Wherein chlorination 1-butyl-3-methyl miaow
Oxazolinium ion liquid acts not only as soft template and the cosurfactant of micro-reaction formation, but also it is molten to improve electrolyte
Electric transmission between conductivity and the promotion drop of liquid.The size of Ag-Pd Nanoalloy and distribution can be by different electricity
Sedimentary condition regulates and controls, and finally difference according to demand can obtain the Ag-Pd of various pattern and function in electrolyte solution and receive
Meter He Jin.
The present invention uses quaternary ion liquid microemulsion system, and utilizing three-electrode system to pass through electrochemical reduction can be direct
In microemulsion electrolyte, obtain can not or being difficult in a large number in substrate media the metal of deposition, and the method be not required to by
Any medium can be obtained by size tunable, be evenly distributed metal simple-substance or Nanoalloy granule, operational approach is simple, can profit
High by rate, cost is little.Ag-Pd Nanoalloy prepared by the present invention is a kind of good catalyst of effect, in alcohol oxidation with oxygen also
Former two catalyst system and catalyzings all embody high catalytic activity and stability, there is potential using value.
The inventive method has the advantage that (1) ionic liquid and water are all green solvents；(2) ionic liquid and water-soluble
Liquid all has electric conductivity so that microemulsion has more preferable conductive capability；(3) ion liquid microemulsion has the most molten compared with ionic liquid
Xie Xing；(4) in ion liquid microemulsion system, carry out electrochemical reduction prepare as one that size is controlled and particle diameter distribution one
The effective ways of nano metal material caused, the method without special installation and special process flow process, not only economy but also facilitate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XPS figure of Ag in Ag-Pd Nanoalloy prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the XPS figure of Pd in Ag-Pd Nanoalloy prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of embodiment 1 preparation.
Fig. 4 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of embodiment 2 preparation.
Fig. 5 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of embodiment 3 preparation.
Fig. 6 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of embodiment 4 preparation.
Fig. 7 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of embodiment 5 preparation.
Fig. 8 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the Ag-Pd Nanoalloy of embodiment 6 preparation.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in more detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited only to
These embodiments.
Embodiment 1
1,0.4g 0.02mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution and 0.4g 0.02mol/L Palladous chloride. acid aqueous solutions of potassium are mixed all
Even, it is subsequently adding 6.8g n-butyl alcohol, 1.3g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, 1.1g chlorination 1-butyl-3-Methylimidazole. ion
Liquid, makes it be mixed thoroughly by fully concussion, obtains ion liquid microemulsion.
2, it is 0.07cm by surface area2Glass-carbon electrode distilled water by after clean for surface clean, be sequentially placed into anhydrous second
In alcohol and distilled water each ultrasonic 5 minutes, it is dried, obtains the glass-carbon electrode cleaned up.Using the glass-carbon electrode that cleans up as
Working electrode connects power cathode, reference electrode and electrode is platinum plate electrode, and electrode is connect positive source, micro-with ionic liquid
Emulsion is electrolyte, is 2.5mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes, centrifugation, lower sediment distilled water
After washing, recentrifuge separates, and obtains Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.
Products therefrom uses AXIS ULTRAX type Multifunctional imaging photoelectron spectrograph, JEM-2100 type transmitted electron to show
Micro mirror characterizes respectively, and result is shown in Fig. 1～3.From Fig. 1 and 2, products therefrom is nanometer Ag-Pd alloy.As seen from Figure 3,
The even particle distribution of gained Ag-Pd Nanoalloy and particle diameter are 3.5～6.5nm.
Embodiment 2
In the step 2 of embodiment 1, it is 1.0mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes, other steps and reality
Execute example 1 identical, obtain Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.From fig. 4, it can be seen that the particle diameter of gained Ag-Pd Nanoalloy is 2.0～4.0nm.
Embodiment 3
In the step 2 of embodiment 1, it is 4.0mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes, other steps and reality
Execute example 1 identical, obtain Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.As seen from Figure 5, the particle diameter of gained Ag-Pd Nanoalloy is 6.0～13.0nm.
Embodiment 4
In the step 1 of the present embodiment, by 0.45g 0.02mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution and 0.45g 0.02mol/L chlorination
Palladium acid aqueous solutions of potassium mix homogeneously, is subsequently adding 6.8g n-butyl alcohol, 1.6g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, 0.8g chlorination 1-fourth
Base-3-Methylimidazole. ionic liquid, makes it be mixed thoroughly by fully concussion, obtains ion liquid microemulsion.This enforcement
In the step 2 of example, it is 3.0mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes, other steps are same as in Example 1, obtain
Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.As seen from Figure 6, the particle diameter of gained Ag-Pd Nanoalloy is 5.5～11.5nm.
Embodiment 5
In the step 1 of the present embodiment, by 0.45g 0.02mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution and 0.45g 0.02mol/L chlorination
Palladium acid aqueous solutions of potassium mix homogeneously, is subsequently adding 6.4g n-butyl alcohol, 1.6g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, 1.1g chlorination 1-fourth
Base-3-Methylimidazole. ionic liquid, makes it be mixed thoroughly by fully concussion, obtains ion liquid microemulsion.This enforcement
In the step 2 of example, it is 3.0mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes, other steps are same as in Example 1, obtain
Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.As seen from Figure 7, the particle diameter of gained Ag-Pd Nanoalloy is 3.5～6.5nm.
Embodiment 6
In the step 1 of the present embodiment, by 0.45g 0.02mol/L silver nitrate aqueous solution and 0.45g 0.02mol/L chlorination
Palladium acid aqueous solutions of potassium mix homogeneously, is subsequently adding 5.8g n-butyl alcohol, 1.6g cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, 1.7g chlorination 1-fourth
Base-3-Methylimidazole. ionic liquid, makes it be mixed thoroughly by fully concussion, obtains ion liquid microemulsion.This enforcement
In the step 2 of example, it is 3.0mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes, other steps are same as in Example 1, obtain
Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.As seen from Figure 8, the particle diameter of gained Ag-Pd Nanoalloy is 2.0～4.5nm.
Claims (5)
1. the method that in a quaternary ion liquid microemulsion, electrochemistry prepares Ag-Pd Nanoalloy, it is characterised in that it by under
State step to form:
(1) preparation quaternary ion liquid microemulsion
The raw material of following percent mass proportioning is mixed, forms quaternary ion liquid microemulsion；
(2) glass-carbon electrode as anode, is placed in the quaternary ionic liquid microemulsion that step (1) obtains as negative electrode, platinum plate electrode
In liquid, it is 0.5～4.5mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 10～25 minutes, centrifugation, it is washed with deionized,
Obtain Ag-Pd Nanoalloy.
The method that in quaternary ion liquid microemulsion the most according to claim 1, electrochemistry prepares Ag-Pd Nanoalloy, its
It is characterised by: in step (1), the raw material of following percent mass proportioning is mixed, form quaternary ion liquid microemulsion；
In quaternary ion liquid microemulsion the most according to claim 1 and 2, electrochemistry prepares the side of Ag-Pd Nanoalloy
Method, it is characterised in that: in the described aqueous solution containing palladium salt and silver salt, the concentration of palladium salt and silver salt be 0.005～
0.05mol/L, and the mol ratio of palladium salt and silver salt is 3:7～7:3.
The method that in quaternary ion liquid microemulsion the most according to claim 3, electrochemistry prepares Ag-Pd Nanoalloy, its
Being characterised by: described silver salt is silver nitrate, described palladium salt is potassium chloropalladite.
The method that in quaternary ion liquid microemulsion the most according to claim 1, electrochemistry prepares Ag-Pd Nanoalloy, its
It is characterised by: in described step (2), is 2～3mA/cm in electric current density2Lower room temperature reaction 15 minutes.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111203545A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation method of chrysanthemum-shaped Pd nanoparticles regulated and controlled by ionic liquid |
| CN111618311A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Silver nanoparticle dispersion liquid and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN101555608A (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2009-10-14 | 湖南理工学院 | Method for preparing nano materials by direct electrodeposit in ionic liquid microemulsion |
| WO2012177115A1 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-27 | Mimos Berhad | Method for production of nanomaterials |
| CN103022486A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method for anode material of lithium ion battery |
| CN104308172A (en) * | 2014-08-11 | 2015-01-28 | 常州大学 | Method for preparing hollow cubic micro-nano metal |
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Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101555608A (en) * | 2009-05-11 | 2009-10-14 | 湖南理工学院 | Method for preparing nano materials by direct electrodeposit in ionic liquid microemulsion |
| WO2012177115A1 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-27 | Mimos Berhad | Method for production of nanomaterials |
| CN103022486A (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Preparation method for anode material of lithium ion battery |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| YUHAN LI ET AL.: "Controllable electrochemical synthesis of Ag nanoparticles in ionic liquid microemulsicms", 《ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111618311A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 中国科学院化学研究所 | Silver nanoparticle dispersion liquid and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111203545A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 河南科技大学 | Preparation method of chrysanthemum-shaped Pd nanoparticles regulated and controlled by ionic liquid |
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