CN105962408A - Multi-strategy composite control method for moisture of tobacco at outlet of tobacco redryer - Google Patents
Multi-strategy composite control method for moisture of tobacco at outlet of tobacco redryer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105962408A CN105962408A CN201610510633.6A CN201610510633A CN105962408A CN 105962408 A CN105962408 A CN 105962408A CN 201610510633 A CN201610510633 A CN 201610510633A CN 105962408 A CN105962408 A CN 105962408A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/04—Humidifying or drying tobacco bunches or cut tobacco
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/05—Programmable logic controllers, e.g. simulating logic interconnections of signals according to ladder diagrams or function charts
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Feedback Control In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-strategy composite control method for moisture of tobacco at an outlet of a tobacco redryer. According to the method, a multi-strategy composite control server and a PLC (programmable logic controller) system are used, multiple control strategies are automatically coordinated and used, and moisture of the tobacco redryer is controlled within a given range; according to the method, control tasks are decomposed into three layers, the first layer is mainly responsible for solving the problems about prediction, decoupling and multivariable coordination; the second layer has a main function that compensation is performed by means of a feedback function and the response speed is properly increased when the control effect is reduced because of model mismatch of the first layer and the like; the third layer has a main function that a manipulated variable is adjusted to be close to a target value in a shortest time by a substantial adjustment means when the deviation between the manipulated variable and the target value is relatively large. The moisture of the tobacco redryer is automatically controlled, the on-field process control capability is improved, and the tobacco redrying processing quality is integrally improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is open a kind of to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves many strategies composite control method and system, particularly
Relate to a kind of control method advanced to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves on threshing and redrying production line.Belong to Nicotiana tabacum L. processing neck
Territory,
Background technology
Tobacco redrying is that Nicotiana tabacum L. is converted to an arrangement of commercial production raw material and the preparatory course of processing from agricultural product,
It it is very important link in Nicotiana tabacum L. overall processing.The Tobacco Leaves after air exercise leaf separates that is mainly used for of tobacco redrying is carried out
Process, make the moisture of blade, temperature reach the technical indicator of regulation.Tobacco redryer is mainly divided dry by process characteristic
Section, cooling section and moisture regain section.Enter after Nicotiana tabacum L. economy-combat leaf operation between the moisture 15%～17% of redrying machine, and moisture of casing is wanted
It is strict controlled in 12% ± 0.5.According to the moisture-absorption characteristics of Nicotiana tabacum L., when its moisture reaches 1 boundary's point about 8%, Nicotiana tabacum L. is to moisture
There is the adjustment of good absorption characteristic, beneficially moisture.Therefore Nicotiana tabacum L. is first dried, cools down and make its moisture reach to face
Boundary's point, temperature is maintained at about 40 DEG C, possesses optimal moisture modulation condition, is then controlled by moisture regain, makes moisture content in leaves, temperature
Degree meets packing process requirement.Compared with other process industries, tobacco redrying technique has its obvious feature:
(1) disturb: moisture content of outlet is had very important by the moisture of entrance Nicotiana tabacum L., temperature, the place of production, kind, grade more
Impact；Add vapours and the moisture regain pressure of steam, temperature and degree of saturation directly affect moisture and the temperature exporting Nicotiana tabacum L.；Ring
The temperature of border air, humidity also have bigger remote-effects to moisture content in leaves and the temperature of cooling stage.
(2) multivariate, close coupling: in process of production, also exists all the time and has uniform temperature, humidity, pressure, flow velocity
In relative movement, there is heat exchange action in heat transfer medium (hot gas) and Nicotiana tabacum L., thus reach being dried of Nicotiana tabacum L., cool down,
The purposes such as moisture regain.Any zone temperature of various process, the change of humidity, all can have influence on the most each section parameter change and
The change of outlet moisture content in leaves content.
(3) large time delay: there is time delay, when Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content being detected with roasting machine moisture content of outlet instrument owing to moisture regain adds wetting system
The most dry or inclined time of tide, then regulate that to add discharge late, cause actuator can not follow the tracks of supplied materials moisture, flow in time
Change, there is relatively large time delay in control action.
(4) production process characteristic is changeable: being beaten leaf process by front portion is affected, Nicotiana tabacum L. feed rate, the speed of Nicotiana tabacum L. feeding machine
Spending sometimes for could be adjusted to meet the continuous of production, the characterisitic parameter which results in process changes；Meanwhile, cigarette
Leaf redrying works under the environment such as high temperature, high humidity and dust, and equipment also can occur exception, and in this case, operator need
To change technological operation at any time, make process characteristic have multiformity.
The most important technic index of tobacco export moisture redrying machine, requires the highest to redrying machine tobacco export moisture Control:
(1) span of control is narrow: redrying machine outlet moisture content in leaves is generally strictly controlled at 12% ± 0.5 (different brackets, product
The Nicotiana tabacum L. span of control on ground is variant), span of control only has 1 percentage point.
(2) governing speed is fast: when detecting that moisture content of outlet exceeds standard, it is desirable to each operational means quick acting, in the short time
Moisture content of outlet is adjusted in span of control, otherwise it is possible to cause many casees moisture content in leaves defective.
For the process characteristic of tobacco redrying and the strict demand to moisture content in leaves control thereof, PID controls to meet it
Requirement.One is because PID controls Large-lag System is controlled weak effect.Conventional PID controller is the feedback according to controlled device
Information carrys out action, for Large-lag System control, due to the time difference of feedback information Yu control action, it is difficult to acquirement makes us full
The control effect of meaning.Two are because PID controls to be to control one to one, it is difficult to meet the requirement of multivariate close coupling process.Conventional
PID controller is adjusted to basis with single loop, seldom considers the interaction between variable, it is difficult to realizes coordination optimization and controls.
For multivariate, the production process of close coupling, when working condition changes, need operator to regulate several simultaneously and control back
Road, and guarantee to be mutually matched between each regulated quantity, could control relatively good.
For tobacco redrying process characteristic and to moisture content in leaves control strict demand, patent CN101673087 and
Patent CN103054152 propose based on predictive PI algorithm controls system, and by the granted patent of the present inventor
The Model Predictive Control that CN102147613 is used can not fully meet requirement, essentially consists in:
(1) model predictive controller is predicted according to model, but the changeable of redrying production process characteristic makes its model be difficult to
Reach higher precision.Model is the basis of Model Predictive Control, controls effect and is heavily dependent on the precision of model.Multiple
Changeable and the many interference of roasting production process characteristic makes the model of umlti-variable finite elements be difficult to reach higher precision, and this is the most direct
Have impact on the control effect of model predictive controller.
(2) many interference of redrying production process make it be difficult to meet the requirement to rapidity.Model predictive controller responds
Time is longer, generally minute level.And affecting the factor of redrying machine moisture content in leaves a lot, model predictive controller is difficult to will be all
Factor all take into account, when the interference factor that model prediction Dynamic matrix control device does not considers causes operating mode larger fluctuation occur,
The response of model predictive controller just seems slower relative to from the point of view of actual demand, it is difficult to meets to produce and wants rapidity
Ask.
List of references:
CN101673087: a kind of control method being applied to threshing and redrying production line
CN103054152: a kind of tobacco redryer humidity control method based on prediction pi algorithm controls system
CN102147613: a kind of to tobacco redryer moisture, the model predictive control method of temperature and system
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of many strategy complex controll to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves
Method, it is that control task is decomposed into three layers, and ground floor is mainly responsible for solving the problem that prediction, decoupling and multivariate are coordinated；
The function of the second layer mainly when ground floor causes controlling effect decline because of reasons such as model mismatches, utilizes feedback function to carry out
Compensate, and properly increase response speed；The function of third layer, mainly when controlled variable and desired value deviation are bigger, uses big
The regulating measure of amplitude, adjusted back controlled variable near desired value within the shortest time.By the coordination of many key-courses, come
Meet the demand for control on different time scales.
Second goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound control of many strategies to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves
System processed, including: server, it is used for running many strategy composite controllers, many strategy composite controllers are in operation, can be according to cigarette
The change calculations operation of the requirement of the controlled index during leaf redrying and measured controlled variable feedback and feed forward variable
On variable, and the appointment pid loop being applied in PLC system；And PLC system, for redrying being set by pid loop
For being controlled.
The technical scheme realizing first goal of the invention of the present invention is:
1., to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves many strategies composite control method, the method uses many strategies compound
Control server and PLC system, in many tactful complex controll servers, wherein establish many strategy control centres and count in real time
According to storehouse, and wherein many strategy complex controll servers realize signal interconnection and this PLC system with the PLC system with pid loop
System and tobacco redrying equipment realize signal interconnection, said method comprising the steps of:
(A) preferably by data collecting system) real-time online measuring or to gather the tobacco redrying at tobacco redrying equipment raw
The process conditions data of each section during product, and the operational parameter data of tobacco redrying each section of equipment, and be stored in
In real-time data base；
(B) in many strategy control centres, carry out intelligent decision according to current working, automatically select one or more and control
Strategy, or carried out artificial judgment by operator, manually select one or more control strategies；
(C) control strategy selected by employing runs many tactful composite controllers in many strategy complex controll servers,
Set desired value X of the controlled variable according to each sectionn'sSetFluctuation range Xn±anWith quilt that is measured or that collect
The real time data (or value of feedback) of control variable and the change calculations performance variable of feed forward variable, and it is applied to PLC system
In pid loop on or the appointment pid loop that is applied in PLC system on；
(D) assigned, by PLC system, multiple performance variables that instruction adjusts each section of tobacco redrying equipment, thus will
Crucial one or more controlled variables (moisture of such as Nicotiana tabacum L. and two kinds of variablees of temperature) or all of controlled of each section
The Real-time Collection of variable or measurement data control to as close possible to desired value X set in advancen, it is preferably controlled at Xn±an
Scope；
Wherein XnIt it is desired value X of n controlled variablen, the fluctuation range of this controlled variable is Xn±an, anIt it is n
Controlled variable is with XnCentered by expectancy changes amplitude；
Wherein the control strategy in step (B) includes selected from following one or both or three kinds in these:
Ground floor forecast model control strategy: when n controlled variable the data measured in real time or gather with it in advance
Desired value fluctuation range X setn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation be smaller value (i.e. △ Xn (1)) time [such as, this △ Xn (1)Value is relative to an> 0% to≤50% (as from >=0.1% to≤50%, or from >=1% to≤50%, or from >=2%
To≤50%, or during from >=5% to≤50%, or from >=10% to≤50%], use forecast model, decoupling and multivariate association
The control strategy of tune mode finely tunes performance variable, thus by (the most real for (deviation such as occurs) real time data of controlled variable
Time measure or gather data) control to as close possible to desired value X set in advancen；
Second layer feedback control strategy: when the control effect of ground floor control strategy declines (such as due to model mismatch etc.
Reason causes controlling effect and declines) time or operating mode time larger fluctuation occurs, or, when the real-time measurement of the controlled variable of n
Or data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation range X gatheredn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation be higher value (i.e.
△Xn (2)) [such as, this △ Xn (2)Value is relative to an> 50% to≤90%] time, utilize feedback function to carry out compensation prediction model
The highest problem of precision, and properly increase response speed (i.e. so that the impact of controlled variable is become by the change of performance variable
Enough quickly with notable), coarse adjustment performance variable, thus real time data (arrive by control by (deviation such as occurs) of controlled variable
As close possible to desired value X set in advancen；
Third layer logic control strategy: when the data measured in real time or gather of the controlled variable of n set in advance with it
Fixed desired value fluctuation range Xn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation be significantly greater value (i.e. △ Xn (3)) [such as, this △ Xn (3)Value is relative to an> 90%] time, use significantly regulating measure to adjust performance variable, will be by within the shortest time
(deviation such as occurs) real time data (measure i.e. in real time or gather data) of control variable is readjusted as close possible in advance
Desired value X first setn；
Wherein △ Xn (3)>△Xn (2)>△Xn (1)。
Deviation described here is by absolute value, i.e. always take " positive number " value.
Wherein measure or data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation model of collection when the real-time of controlled variable of n
Enclose Xn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation △ Xn (1)Value is relative to an> 0% to≤50% (as from >=0.1% to≤
50%), time, ground floor forecast model control strategy is selected；
Data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation range X measured in real time or gather when the controlled variable of nn
±anDesired value Xn between deviation △ Xn (2)Value is relative to an> 50% to≤90% time, select second layer feedback control
Strategy；
Data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation range X measured in real time or gather when the controlled variable of nn
±anDesired value XnBetween deviation △ Xn (3)Value is relative to an> 90% (such as >=90.1% to≤200%, or
91.0% to≤150%), time, third layer logic control strategy is selected.
Wherein many strategy complex controll server via Ethernet realize signal interconnection with the PLC system with pid loop,
And/or this PLC system realizes signal by field control technology and tobacco redrying equipment and interconnects.
Wherein said method also includes that PLC bottom Configuration Design configures with logic, to realize logical between server and PLC
The monitoring of letter, to being applied to the performance variable of controller on each pid loop be controlled, and realize many strategy complex controll with
The switching undisturbed that routineer controls.
Wherein running many strategy composite controllers independent of PLC and on the above-mentioned server of plc communication.
Wherein run the server at place at controller or on PLC active station, operate many strategy composite controllers.
The process described above and the model of redrying machine, manufacturing firm are unrelated.
The technical scheme realizing second goal of the invention of the present invention is:
A kind of to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves many strategies multiplex control system, it includes:
Many strategy complex controll servers, are used for running many strategy composite controllers (at many strategy composite controllers in fortune
In row, requirement and measured controlled variable according to the controlled index during tobacco redrying are fed back and the change of feed forward variable
Change and calculate performance variable, and the pid loop that is applied in PLC system or specify on pid loop).In general, at these clothes
Business device is set up many strategy control centres, and real-time data base.
Data collecting system or real-time monitoring system, for real-time collecting procedural information, evaluate many strategy composite controllers
Performance, on-line tuning controls parameter；Or produced in the tobacco redrying of tobacco redrying equipment for real-time online measuring or collection
Process conditions data in journey, and tobacco redrying equipment operational parameter data；With
PLC system, for being controlled operation or the operation of redrying device by pid loop.
Wherein, described PLC system includes that PLC bottom Configuration Design configures with logic, for realizing control compound to many strategies
The monitoring communicated between device processed and PLC, is applied on each pid loop control to by the performance variable of many strategy composite controllers
System, and realize the switching undisturbed that many strategy complex controll control with routineer.
The most also include real-time data base, be used for collecting and store production process data and many strategies are multiple
The internal data of hop controller.
This system and the model of redrying machine, manufacturing firm are unrelated.
In the present invention, it is preferred to method include:
Ground floor prediction, decoupling, multivariable coordinated control method: utilize the control strategy that prediction, decoupling, multivariate are coordinated
Solve the multivariate of redrying technique, close coupling, large time delay problem.Relevant control strategy includes but not limited to following various:
Model Predictive Control, uneoupled control, Self Adaptive Control, soft-measuring technique and reasoning and decision, Based Intelligent Control (expert system control,
Fuzzy control, artificial neural-network control) etc..Applying Model Predictive Control the most widely the most in recent years, it is one
Plant based on model, roll enforcement and combine the system optimizing control of feedback compensation.It describes process with multivariate linear model
Dynamic characteristic, by model predictive process output trajectory and the distance wishing track, as controlling quality index, try to achieve optimum
Control strategy.Feedback compensation, online rolling optimization, to solve the multivariable process control problem of big time lag, close coupling.Changeable
In amount controller, by stable state LP/QP technology to, process can be pushed the limit of constraint.
Second layer feedback: utilize feedback function to carry out the problem that compensation prediction model accuracy is the highest.For redrying
The problem that technical process modeling difficulty is big, model accuracy is the highest, compensates with feedback control strategy.Relevant control strategy includes
But being not limited to following various: PID controls, robustness PID (RPID) controls, and estimates PID control.
This layer of key step included: choose crucial controlled variable；Choose major control variable, make the change of control variable
Impact on controlled variable is enough quick and notable；Determine control algolithm and regulating cycle.
Third layer logic control method: utilize logic control algorithm to asking of solving that redrying machine moisture requirement quickly regulates
Topic.Process characteristic according to redrying machine and working specification, determine suitable logic rule: logical condition and corresponding action thereof.
According to these logic rule, when operating mode meets certain logical condition, the most automatically perform corresponding action and (significantly regulate, even
Directly by some valve wide open or fully closed), to quickly redrying machine moisture being adjusted in span of control.
This layer of key step included: select control variable；Determine logic control principle.
The present invention, by setting up control centre, determines the principle of controlling tactic switch, it is possible to according to current working, automatically selects
Select the control strategy on different key-course, it is also possible to manually selected by operator.Meanwhile, right at many strategy composite controllers
Operating mode carries out intelligent decision, and automatic synchronization uses various control strategy, automatically according to requirement and the measured quilt of controlled index
Control on variable feedback and the change calculations performance variable of feed forward variable, and the appointment pid loop being applied in PLC, really
Protect the switching undisturbed between each control strategy.
The method have the advantages that: achieve precisely automatically controlling of tobacco redryer outlet Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content, improve site technique
Control ability, overall lifting tobacco redrying crudy.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Control system architecture figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The problem that the embodiment of the present invention is to be solved is to provide the control method of the tobacco redryer of a kind of shifty advanced person,
The operating experience of outstanding operator being combined with process mechanism, concrete way has: different control plans is taked in by stages
Slightly；According to the dynamic mathematical models of process, realize closed loop control with computer, to overcome feed rate, temperature, moisture etc. to multiple
The interference of roasted journey, to realize high accuracy, high-frequency regulation.The experience of operator drawn by many strategy composite controllers, with
Time there is the advantage of computer realtime control, make full use of feed-forward information and process measurements, high-frequency realization regulates.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention provides the compound control of many strategies of a kind of tobacco redryer
Method processed, said method comprising the steps of: (1) ground floor controls to select Model Predictive Control strategy, implements step: process is surveyed
Examination, process identification, controller designs, configurable controller, and PLC Lower level logical designs, and controller runs, controller monitoring and dimension
Protect.(2) second layer controls to select advanced PID control strategy, implements step: choose crucial controlled variable；Choose major control to become
Amount, the change making control variable is enough quick and notable on the impact of controlled variable；Determine control algolithm and regulating cycle.(3)
Third layer controls to select logic control strategy, implements step: select control variable；Determine logic control principle.(4) dispatching method
Enforcement: determine the principle of controlling tactic switch；Guarantee the undisturbed of controlling tactic switch.
(1) Model Predictive Control implementation of strategies
Model Predictive Control is for large time delay, multivariate, there is the interference effective control strategy with coupling process.This reality
Executing example utilizes Model Predictive Control to solve the multivariate of redrying moisture Control, close coupling, large time delay problem.
Model Predictive Control is referred to the present inventor's granted patent CN102147613 and implements.
Procedural test, sets up interface platform, collects process data.Embodiment needs device is made necessary step test,
Accomplish fully to encourage, to inspire the various dynamic characteristics of process.
Process identification, uses least squares identification or subspace method identification etc., carries out the test data obtained point
Analysis and calculating, to obtain the dynamic mathematical models of process.Model finite impulse response (FIR) represents.
Controller designs, and mainly according to technological principle and empirical parameter (operating habit), adjusts the process mould obtained
Type, determines the structure of controller, specifies each independent variable (performance variable, feed forward variable) to each dependent variable (controlled variable)
Mathematics affects relation.
Configurable controller, mainly determines a series of configuration parameters required for controller on-line operation, and according to production
Require to determine the priority of each controlled index, weight etc..
PLC Lower level logical designs, primarily to accomplish the excision safe undisturbed of energy that comes into operation of predictive controller, will not go out
The now uncertain situation of bottom control loop (PID) control, and monitoring and controlling forecast controller and the communication state of PLC.
Controller runs, and uses an independence for Taiwan to stand on the computer of PLC, moving model predictive controller, runs middle controller
Requirement according to controlled index and the timely action of the change of feed forward variable, to adapt to change and the benefit of controlled variable bound
Repay the interference that process is caused by feed forward variable.
Controller monitoring and maintenance, use real-time data base to collect process data and the various state of controller, to monitor control
Device running quality processed the timely correction model of change according to process state.
(2) advanced PID control implementation of strategies
The feedback function utilizing pid algorithm carrys out the highest problem with rapidity of compensation model predictive control model precision.
There is bigger difference with regulatory PID control in Model Predictive Control, response time is longer.When bigger ripple occurs in operating mode
Time dynamic, model predictive controller low-response, operator get used to former conventional control, it is common that some control variable changed
For conventional control, should come into operation after regulation is stable Model Predictive Control again.
The processing mode of the present embodiment copy operation personnel, using Model Predictive Control as fine tuning controller, additionally increases
One coarse tune control using advanced PID control algorithm.The major function of coarse tune control is to improve response speed, as early as possible will
Stable conditions gets off, and first ensures stable, considers further that quickly.When Model Predictive Control controls, if there is larger fluctuation in operating mode, certain
When the control effect of crucial controlled variable is poor, just automatically switch to coarse tune control control.The response ratio mould of coarse tune control
Type predictive controller is fast, and only considers certain crucial this target of controlled variable.After coarse tune control regulation steadily, the most certainly
Move and be switched to model predictive controller, carry out multivariate coordination and optimization.
Choose crucial controlled variable.The present embodiment chooses redrying machine moisture content of outlet for crucial controlled variable.
Choosing major control variable, the change making control variable is enough quick and notable on the impact of controlled variable.
It is major control variable that the present embodiment chooses atomized water pump frequency.
Determine control algolithm and regulating cycle.The present embodiment determines that coarse tune control selects the PID that estimates improved to control to calculate
Method.Determine that regulating cycle is 1 second.
(3) logic control implementation of strategies
Utilize logic control algorithm to solve the problem that redrying machine moisture content of outlet requirement quickly regulates.
Select control variable.It is control variable that the present embodiment chooses atomized water pump frequency.
Determine logic control principle.The present embodiment determines and exports by maximum allowable variable quantity when logical condition meets.
(4) enforcement of dispatching method
According to crucial controlled variable in the different intervals of span of control, take different control strategies.Each control is responsible in scheduling
The switching of system strategy.
Determine the principle of controlling tactic switch.When the present embodiment determines in span of control 50% is interval, use model pre-
Survey control strategy；When span of control 50～90% interval, use advanced PID control strategy；Outside span of control 90% interval
Time, use logic control strategy.
Guarantee the undisturbed of controlling tactic switch.The present embodiment is by means such as tracking, it is ensured that between each control strategy
Switching undisturbed.
Control method in the present invention is by a high-performance computer (the referred to as many compound controls of strategy independent of PLC system
Control server) realize, contribute to diversifying risks, on the premise of possessing excellent control performance, be unlikely to again to increase PLC calculate negative
Lotus.The Control system architecture figure of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1.It is multiple that many strategy complex controll servers of the superiors run many strategies
Close and control controller, it is possible to amendment configuration parameters；Many strategy complex controll server via Ethernet networks access and are positioned at PLC system
The OPC interface of system, it is achieved communication, can be controlled device regular job, and run security logic in PLC system；PLC system is passed through
Redrying device is controlled by field control technology；Production process data and how strategy are collected and stored to real-time dataBase system
Composite controller internal data, for monitoring industrial processes and many strategy composite controller performances.
It is compared to traditional single loop PID control and Model Predictive Control, the compound control of many strategies of the present invention
Device processed can carry out intelligent decision to operating mode, and automatic synchronization uses various control strategy, adjusts multiple performance variables in time, will be by
Control Variable Control, in given range, need not the intervention of operator under normal circumstances, alleviates the work of operator
Intensity.
The present invention realizes precisely automatically controlling of tobacco redryer outlet Nicotiana tabacum L. moisture content, improves site technique control ability,
Overall lifting tobacco redrying crudy.
Claims (10)
1. a tactful composite control method many to tobacco redryer outlet moisture content in leaves, it is characterised in that the method uses many
Strategy complex controll server and PLC system, automatic synchronization uses various control strategy, by the outlet Nicotiana tabacum L. water of tobacco redryer
Sub-control system is in given range；Control task is decomposed into three layers by described method, ground floor mainly be responsible for solve prediction, decoupling and
The problem that multivariate is coordinated；The function of the second layer mainly declines because the reasons such as model mismatch cause controlling effect at ground floor
Time, utilize feedback function to compensate, and properly increase response speed；The function of third layer is mainly when controlled variable and target
When value deviation is bigger, uses significantly regulating measure, within the shortest time, controlled variable is adjusted back near desired value, its
In in many strategy complex controll servers, establish many strategy control centres and real-time data base, the complex controll services of many strategies
Device and the PLC system with pid loop realize signal interconnection and this PLC system and realize signal interconnection with tobacco redrying equipment.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that said method comprising the steps of:
(A) real-time online measuring or collection process conditions of each section in the tobacco redrying production process of tobacco redrying equipment
Data, and the operational parameter data of tobacco redrying each section of equipment, and be stored in real-time data base；
(B) in many strategy control centres, carry out intelligent decision according to current working, automatically select one or more and control plan
Slightly, or carried out artificial judgment by operator, manually select one or more control strategies；
(C) control strategy selected by employing runs many tactful composite controllers in many strategy complex controll servers, according to
Set desired value X of the controlled variable of each sectionnSetting fluctuation range Xn±anWith controlled change that is measured or that collect
Amount real time data and the change calculations performance variable of feed forward variable, and be applied on the pid loop in PLC system or
On the appointment pid loop being applied in PLC system.
(D) assigned, by PLC system, multiple performance variables that instruction adjusts each section of tobacco redrying equipment, thus by each
One or more crucial controlled variables of section or all of controlled variable control to as close possible to target set in advance
Value XnOr target range, is preferably controlled at Xn±anScope；
Wherein XnBeing target's center's value of the controlled variable of n, the control target zone of this controlled variable is Xn±an, anIt is
N kind controlled variable n is with XnCentered by desired amplitude of variation.
Method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that wherein the control strategy in step (B) includes being selected from
Following one or both or three kinds in these:
Ground floor forecast model control strategy: when the data measured in real time or gather of the controlled variable of n set in advance with it
Fixed desired value fluctuation range Xn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation be smaller value i.e. △ Xn (1)Time, use forecast model, solution
The control strategy of coupling and multivariate coordination mode finely tunes performance variable, thus controls the real time data of controlled variable to the greatest extent may be used
Can be close to desired value X set in advancen；
Second layer feedback control strategy: when the data measured in real time or gather of the controlled variable of n are set in advance with it
Desired value fluctuation range Xn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation be higher value i.e. △ Xn (2)Time, utilize feedback function to compensate
The problem that the precision of forecast model is the highest, and properly increase response speed, coarse adjustment performance variable, thus real-time by controlled variable
Data Control is to as close possible to desired value X set in advancen；
Third layer logic control strategy: when the data measured in real time or gather of the controlled variable of n are set in advance with it
Desired value fluctuation range Xn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation be significantly greater value i.e. △ Xn (3)Time, use and significantly adjust
Joint means adjust performance variable, readjust the real time data of controlled variable as close possible in advance within the shortest time
Desired value X setn；
Wherein △ Xn (3)>△Xn (2)>△Xn (1)。
The most according to the method in claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that wherein when n controlled variable measure in real time or
Data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation range X gatheredn±anDesired value XnBetween deviation △ Xn (1)Value is relative
In an> 0% to≤50% time, select ground floor forecast model control strategy；
Data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation range X measured in real time or gather when the controlled variable of nn±an
Desired value XnBetween deviation △ Xn (2)Value is relative to an> 50% to≤90% time, select second layer feedback control plan
Slightly；
Data desired value set in advance with it fluctuation range X measured in real time or gather when the controlled variable of nn±an
Desired value XnBetween deviation △ Xn (3)Value is relative to an> 90% time, select third layer logic control strategy.
5. according to the method in any of the one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that wherein many strategy complex controll servers
By Ethernet and the PLC system with pid loop realize signal interconnect, and/or this PLC system by field control technology with
Tobacco redrying equipment realizes signal interconnection.
6. according to the method for any one in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that wherein said method also includes PLC bottom group
State and logic configuration step, to realize the monitoring communicated between server with PLC, be applied to by the performance variable of controller
It is controlled on each pid loop, and realizes the switching undisturbed that many strategy complex controll control with routineer.
7. according to the method for any one in claim 1-6, wherein independent of PLC and with the above-mentioned server of plc communication
Upper operation many strategies composite controller.
8., according to many strategy composite control methods of any one in claim 1-7, wherein run the clothes at place at controller
Business device or on PLC active station operation many strategies composite controller.
9. tobacco redryer exports many strategy multiplex control systems of moisture content in leaves, and it includes:
Many strategy complex controll servers, are used for running many strategy composite controllers；
Data collecting system or real-time monitoring system, for real-time collecting procedural information, evaluate many strategy composite controller performances,
On-line tuning controls parameter；Or be used for real-time online measuring or gather in the tobacco redrying production process of tobacco redrying equipment
Process conditions data, and tobacco redrying equipment operational parameter data；With
PLC system, for being controlled operation or the operation of redrying device by pid loop.
Many strategy multiplex control systems the most according to claim 9, wherein, described PLC system includes PLC bottom Configuration Design
Configure with logic, for realizing the monitoring communicated between many strategy composite controllers and PLC, to by many strategy composite controllers
Performance variable be applied on each pid loop be controlled, and realize the nothing that many strategy complex controll control with routineer
Disturbance switches；
The most also include real-time data base, be used for collecting and store production process data and the compound control of many strategies
The internal data of device processed.
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