CN105959221A - Method for updating flow table and optimizing flow table consistency of software defined satellite network - Google Patents
Method for updating flow table and optimizing flow table consistency of software defined satellite network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for updating a flow table and optimizing flow table consistency of a software defined satellite network, and relates to the field of the software defined satellite network. The method for optimizing the flow table consistency comprises the steps of firstly monitoring a global state of a satellite network in real time through network awareness, maintaining topological graphs at different moments in the satellite network and updating a topological state and events of the network in time; then combining a transmission time delay based routing decision with a path similarity based routing decision, wherein as the needed transmission time delay and the needed write-in time delay are relatively small, the total time delay of the flow table updating process is reduced; and finally, reducing influences from the time delay which is from a switch to a controller to the inconsistency of the flow table through adjusting the transmission sequence of the switch, reducing the number of transmitted flow table items through classifying new and old flow tables so as to reduce the write-in time of the flow table items and accordingly reduce the total time delay for the updating of the flow table. The invention improves the inconsistency problem of the flow table updating of the software defined satellite network in a better way.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Software Defined Satellite Networks (SDSN), in particular to a method for improving the inconsistency of flow table updating of a Software Defined satellite network.
Background
In recent years, Software Defined Networking (SDN) has received increasing attention as a new technical concept. The management function in the network is separated from the traditional network equipment such as a switch or a router, so that the complete independence of a control plane and a data plane is realized. The control plane in the SDN can monitor and collect network information in real time and feed back network states including the working state of network equipment and the link connection state in time. The centralized control function is applied to a satellite network, and the problems of poor control information distribution and convergence timeliness and the like of the satellite network due to topology time-varying property can be well solved. In the SDN control mechanism, the concept of a flow table is proposed. The flow table is an abstraction of a two-layer forwarding table and a three-layer routing table in a traditional network, and network configuration information of a link layer, a network layer and a transmission layer in the network is integrated. The mechanism weakens the concept of the protocol in the satellite network, achieves the aim of simultaneously processing and responding the protocols of all layers coexisting in the satellite network, and further can solve the problem of protocol heterogeneity existing in the satellite network. Based on the analysis, the SDN provides a new direction for solving the protocol heterogeneity and topological time-varying property of the satellite network.
In the SDN technology, the separation of the control plane and the data plane, the network state distribution mechanism, and the impact of time delay all present challenges to the requirement of consistency of SDN flow tables. The SDN data plane does not run any protocol, and the controller issues a control instruction to process data. Due to the distributed structure of the data plane and the existence of network delay, flow tables in different network devices cannot arrive at the same time when the flow tables are issued. In this case, there may be two new and old flow tables in the network device at the same time, which may cause inconsistency of the flow tables. Inconsistency of the flow tables may cause different processing of the same service by the data plane, affect network performance, and cause phenomena such as network disconnection, packet loss, and loop. Particularly in a satellite network, the dynamic topology causes the network state to change frequently, and the controller needs to collect the network state continuously, change the routing strategy frequently and issue the routing table. Frequent changes in these states make the problem of flow table inconsistency in software defined satellite networks more pronounced. In order to improve the stability and reliability of the satellite network, the method has important significance for researching the SDN flow table consistency of the satellite network.
The updating delay of the flow table is a main factor influencing the consistency of the flow table, and the delay of the flow table in the updating process comprises two parts: issue delay and flow table write delay. The issue delay is the issue delay required for the controller to send the flow table to the switch, and is affected by the delay of the control link between the controller and the switch, which is also referred to as control delay. The write latency refers to the latency of installing the flow table on the switch in the SDN. The update delay is the sum of the flow table issuing delay and the flow table writing delay. When the controller updates the flow tables of the switches in the network, the sequence of updating the switches also affects the consistency of the flow tables. Meanwhile, the updating strategies of the flow table are different, and the writing time of the flow table is also different.
At present, most of the research on the consistency of the flow table focuses on the issuing rule of the flow table, because the number of nodes of the network is large and the traffic is large for the ground network, and when the network control rule changes, a large amount of flow tables need to be updated. In addition, because of the special network environment of the satellite network, the relative distance between the satellite nodes is larger, so that the satellite network has larger network delay compared with the ground network. Such as GEO (high earth orbit satellite network) nodes in a satellite network, can delay the ground for as much as one hundred and more milliseconds, and the poor spatial environment of the satellite network exacerbates the latency problem in the network. Meanwhile, due to the dynamic topology of the satellite network, the network environment is unstable, and the switching of the links between the satellites and the earth causes frequent switching of the paths in the service transmission process, which causes frequent changes of the network control rules, and the controller needs to continuously collect the network state, formulate the routing strategy and update the flow table rules.
The inconsistent time delay is used for judging whether logic inconsistency exists in each switch node in the calculated path, and if the time delay c from the switch m to the controller existsmGreater than the delay c from the source switch node to the controller in the path1If the sum of the link delays of the first m nodes in the path is regarded as the inconsistent delay of the switch m, the inconsistent delay △ t is cm-c1The sum of the previous m node links, when the network updates the flow table for the path, the time required for the flow table of switch m to take effect is long, which may happen when the flow table of switch m still does not take effect when the packet arrives at switch m, and if there is no inconsistency delay, △ t is 0.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the characteristics of large network delay and dynamic topology of the satellite network, the invention considers the flow table consistency optimization problem in the satellite network from control time delay, flow table writing time delay and switching respectively, thereby further optimizing the flow table consistency and improving the reliability and stability of the satellite network.
The invention is realized by the following technical proposal:
a flow table updating method based on a software defined satellite network comprises the following steps:
(101) the controller calculates the inconsistent time delay of each switch in the new path, and if the inconsistent time delay exists in the new path, the controller adjusts the sequence of issuing the flow table to the switches according to the descending order of the inconsistent time delay; if the switches in the new path do not have inconsistent time delay, the controller sequentially issues flow tables to the switches according to the sequence of the switches in the new path;
(102) dividing the flow table items of each switch into four categories of new flow adding table items, flow table item deletion, flow table item change and common flow table items;
(103) and comparing and analyzing the new path and the original path, judging which type the flow table item of the switch belongs to and executing a corresponding flow table issuing strategy.
In step (101), the controller adjusts the sequence of issuing the flow table to the switch according to the descending order of the inconsistent time delay, specifically: and the controller issues the flow table to the switches in the new path according to the sequence from large to small of the inconsistent time delay.
A flow table consistency optimization method based on a software-defined satellite network comprises a routing decision method and a flow table updating method based on the software-defined satellite network; and taking the optimal path obtained by the route decision method as a new path of the flow table updating method.
The route decision method specifically comprises the following steps:
(201) combining the minimum issuing delay path with the maximum similarity path to construct a double-objective function;
the dual objective function is min (∑)m∈Pcm+Δtmax) And maxRiWherein c ismFor the control delay from the switch m to the controller, P is the reachable set of paths from the source node to the destination node in the software defined satellite network, Δ tmaxFor the maximum value of the inconsistent time delay of each switch in the reachable path, RiThe path similarity of the path i and the original path is obtained;
(202) converting the double-objective function into a single-objective function, and taking a path meeting the single-objective function as an optimal path;
the single objective function is min α (∑)m∈Pcm+Δtmax)+ββ′(1-Ri)]Where β' is a normalization factor, α and β are weight coefficients of the two targets, respectively, representing the relative importance of the two targets, and α + β is 1.
The obtaining of the minimum issuing delay path comprises the following steps:
(301) a controller in the software defined satellite network calculates all reachable paths from a source node to a destination node according to the current network topology and current network parameters, and generates a reachable path set from all reachable paths; the network parameters comprise information of each node and delay information, and the network topology comprises link connection relation, link delay and control delay between a switch and a controller in the network;
(302) respectively calculating the inconsistent time delay of each switch in each reachable path;
(303) find all satisfied objective function min in reachable path (∑)m∈Pcm+Δtmax) A path of (a); wherein, cmFor the control delay from the switch m to the controller, P is the reachable set of paths from the source node to the destination node in the software defined satellite network, Δ tmaxThe maximum value of the inconsistent time delay of each exchanger in the reachable path is obtained;
(304) and (4) judging whether the propagation delay of the path obtained in the step (303) is less than or equal to the path delay index, and taking the path less than or equal to the path delay index as the minimum issuing delay path.
The obtaining of the maximum similarity path specifically comprises the following steps:
(401) a controller in the software defined satellite network calculates all reachable paths from a source node to a destination node according to the current network topology and current network parameters, and generates a reachable path set from all reachable paths;
(402) respectively calculating node state matrixes which represent the state of each switch in the original path and each reachable path; the node state matrix is as follows: the corresponding element of the switch passing through the path in the node state matrix is 1; the corresponding element of the node state matrix of the switch which does not pass through the path is 0;
(403) respectively calculating a similar matrix between each reachable path and the original path; the similarity matrix is as follows: the reachable path and the original path both pass through the same switch or do not pass through the same switch, and the corresponding element of the similar matrix is 1; otherwise, the corresponding element in the similarity matrix is 0;
(404) and calculating the path similarity between each reachable path and the original path according to the similarity matrix, and taking the path with the maximum path similarity as the path with the maximum similarity.
Wherein the path similarity calculation in step (404) specifically includes:wherein R isiFor the path similarity of path i to the original path,the similarity matrix of path i to the original path, n is the number of switches in the software defined satellite network.
The invention has the following innovation points:
(1) combining a flow table consistency optimization method based on issuing delay and a flow table consistency optimization method based on path similarity, solving a path with shortest issuing delay from a source switch node to a target switch node on the basis of judging consistency, and simultaneously, when a satellite network is switched, the similarity of an old path and a new path is higher, so that when the switches in the path update the flow table, the required issuing delay and writing delay are smaller, and the total delay of the flow table updating process is reduced;
(2) the influence of time delay from the switch to the controller on inconsistency of the flow tables is reduced by adjusting the issuing sequence of the switch, and the writing time of the flow table items is reduced by reducing the number of the issued flow table items by classifying the new and old flow tables, so that the total time delay of updating the flow tables is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of optimal path selection according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of flow table update of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a network physical topology diagram in the routing decision based on the shortest delivery delay of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating path differences before and after network handover in routing decision based on path similarity according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of flow table update according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples for the purpose of facilitating an understanding and practicing of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, it being understood that the described examples are only a subset of the examples and are not all examples of the invention.
The routing decision method based on issuing delay in the software defined satellite network specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: the controller calculates a network link delay matrix and a delay set from each switch to the controller according to the network physical topology, and identifies the link delay on a link, wherein the node is identified by a node number and the delay from the node to the switch;
example (b): as shown in FIG. 3, there are 7 nodes and 9 links (e) in the satellite network12,e14,e23,e25,e36,e37,e46,e57,e67) The delay of each link, and the switch-to-controller delay, are given in fig. 3.
Step 2: a controller in the software defined satellite network calculates all reachable paths from a source node to a destination node according to current network parameters, and generates a reachable path set from all reachable paths;
the network parameters comprise information of each node and delay information, and the network topology comprises the connection relation of links, the link delay and the control delay between the switch nodes and the controller in the network.
Example (b): assuming that the source node and the destination node are node 1 and node 7, respectively, all reachable paths between node 1 and node 7 are calculated by using a depth traversal algorithm according to the current network parameters, including (1,2,5,7,0,0,0), (1,2,3,7,0, 0), (1,2,3,6,7,0,0), (1,4,6,3,2,5, 7).
And step 3: calculating whether each switch in all reachable paths has inconsistent time delay delta t or not;
example (b): only the path (1,2,5,7,0,0,0) in all the reachable paths has inconsistent time delay, and the maximum value delta t of the inconsistent time delaymaxValue 4, Δ t of other reachable pathsmaxIs 0.
And 4, step 4: calculating the sum of the control time delays from all the nodes to the controller in each reachable path;
example (b): the sum of the control delays for all reachable paths is 25,21,27,21,29,43, respectively.
Step 5, combining step 3 and step 4 to calculate that min is satisfied (∑)m∈Pcm+Δtmax) A path of (a);
example (b): the selection results are paths (1,2,3,7,0,0,0) and (1,4,6,7,0,0, 0).
Step 6: and (5) judging whether the propagation delay of the path obtained in the step (5) is less than or equal to the path delay index, and taking the path less than or equal to the path delay index as the minimum issuing delay path.
II, a route decision method based on path similarity in a software defined satellite network comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: the controller calculates all reachable paths from the source node to the destination node according to the current network topology and the current network parameters, and generates a reachable path set from all reachable paths;
the network parameters comprise information of each node and delay information, and the network topology comprises the connection relation of links, the link delay and the control delay between the switch nodes and the controller in the network.
Step 2: respectively calculating node state matrixes which represent the state of each switch in the original path and each reachable path;
assuming that there are n nodes in the network, thenIndicating the state of each switch in the original path before the network switch,(i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to q) represents the state of each switch in the reachable path i after network switching, and q is the number of reachable paths; if the path passes through the switch k (k is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n), thenOtherwise, if the path does not pass through switch k, then
Example (b): as shown in fig. 4, assume that the slave node S1To node S14The original path before switching is (S)1，S3，S4，S5，S6，S10，S11，S12，S13，S14) Then the node state matrix X of the original pathA＝(1,0,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1)。
When S is1And S3After disconnection, the controller calculates S according to the service source and destination IP in the received data packet and the network topology structure1Node and S14There are two new sets of all reachable paths between nodes, one (S) path1，S5，S6，S10，S11，S12，S13，S14) And path two (S)1，S2，S7，S8，S9，S10，S11，S12，S13，S14) Then, the state matrix of each reachable path node is: x1＝(1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1)、X2＝(1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)。
And step 3: respectively calculating a similar matrix between each reachable path and the original path;
similarity matrix S ═ S1,S2,…,Sq]，When in useI.e. when both the reachable path and the original path pass through switch k or do not pass through switch k,otherwise
Example (b): comparing the similar matrixes of the path one and the path two in the original path respectively to obtain S1＝(1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1)、S2＝(1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1)。
And 4, step 4: and calculating the path similarity between each reachable path and the original path according to the similarity matrix, and taking the path with the maximum path similarity as the path with the maximum similarity.
Path similarityWherein,the similarity matrix of path i to the original path, n is the number of switches in the software defined satellite network.
Example (b): calculating the similarity of the path I and the path II as R respectively1＝6/7、R23/7, path one is selected as the most similar path.
III, a routing decision method based on a software defined satellite network specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: combining the minimum issuing delay path obtained by the step I with the maximum similarity path obtained by the step II to construct a double-objective function;
the dual objective function is min (∑)m∈Pcm+Δtmax) And maxRiWherein c ismFor the control delay from the switch m to the controller, P is the reachable path set from the source node to the destination node in the software-defined satellite network, Δ tmaxFor the maximum value of the inconsistent time delay of each switch in the reachable path, RiIs the path similarity of path i to the original path.
The minimum delivery delay path obtaining method may also adopt an SDN control logic consistency solution (CLCBAD) based on average delay in the prior art. The CLCBAD method has the central idea that network time delay among network nodes and between the nodes and an SDN controller is firstly measured averagely, and then the SDN network reaches logic control consistency by changing the sequence and time of issuing control rules. Considering the influence of delay on the consistency of flow tables, establishing a route optimization model according to the inconsistent delay of the switches, and obtaining the minimum delay routing path with consistent SDN network logic by selecting the switches without the inconsistent problem.
Step 2: converting the double-objective function into a single-objective function, and taking a path meeting the single-objective function as an optimal path;
the single objective function is min α (∑)m∈Pcm+Δtmax)+ββ′(1-Ri)]Where β' is a normalization factor, α and β are weight coefficients of the two targets, respectively, representing the relative importance of the two targets, and α + β is 1.
IV, a flow table updating method based on a software defined satellite network comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining an optimal path by I, II, III or a conventional method;
example (b): as shown in fig. 5, the network path switches from the original path S1 → S2 → S3 → S5 → S6 to the optimal path S1 → S2 → S4 → S6.
Step 2: the controller checks whether the optimal path has the problem of inconsistent time delay, if so, the controller needs to adjust the sequence of issuing the flow table by the switch and issues the flow table according to the adjusted sequence; if not, the flow tables are sequentially issued according to the sequence of the path nodes;
the controller needs to adjust the sequence of issuing the flow table by the switch, and issues the flow table according to the adjusted sequence, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(201) the inconsistent time delay delta t of all the switches in the optimal pathkSequentially putting the queue L into a queue L from big to small;
(202) setting a timer T, initializing T ═ Deltatkmax；
(203) The timer T starts working, whether the value of the timer T is 0 or not is judged, and if the value of the timer T is 0, the step 3 is switched to; otherwise if T is Δ TkGo to step (204), otherwise go to step (205);
(204) issuing a flow table to a switch k, and deleting a first element in a queue L;
(205) the timer is decremented by one clock cycle and a transition is made to step (203).
And step 3: dividing the flow table items of each switch into four categories of new flow adding table items, flow table item deletion, flow table item change and common flow table items;
example (b): the switch S4 needs to add a flow entry to forward the packet to S6, the switches S3 and S5 need to delete the old routing flow entry, and the switch S2 needs to change the original operation to forward the packet to S4.
And 4, step 4: and comparing and analyzing the optimal path with the original path, judging which type the flow table item of the switch belongs to and executing a corresponding flow table issuing strategy.
The flow table items of the switch can be divided into four types of new flow table items, deletion, modification and common flow table items, and by judging which type the flow table items of the switch belong to and executing the corresponding flow table issuing strategy, if the flow table items belong to the new added flow table items, new addition operation is executed, similarly, the flow table items can be deleted and modified, and if the flow table items belong to the common flow table items, the flow table items of the switch are not updated.
Example (b): when the switch occurs, the data packet arrives at the switch S2, S2 uploads the data to the controller, the controller increases the flow table entry in S4 according to the issuing sequence, then waits for a delay from S2 to S6, deletes the flow table entries of S3 and S5, then changes the flow table operation of S2, and finally the controller sends the data packet originally received from S2 back to S2, and the data packet is forwarded according to the new flow table.
And V, a flow table consistency optimization method for a software defined satellite network, which comprises three parts of network perception, routing decision and flow table updating.
The network perception comprises link discovery and topology management, the global state of the satellite network is monitored in real time, topological graphs at different moments in the satellite network are maintained, and the topological state and events of the network are updated in time.
Two methods are proposed for route decision, namely a route decision method based on issuing delay and a route decision method based on path similarity.
Flow table consistency optimization based on the issue delay calculates all reachable path sets between a source node and a destination node according to network parameters, and the path with the shortest issue delay from the source switch node to the destination switch node is solved on the basis of judging consistency, so that the required issue delay is minimum when a switch in the path updates the flow table; the flow table consistency optimization based on the path similarity is to recalculate all reachable paths between the source node and the destination node after the network is switched, and select the path with the maximum path similarity as the optimal path, so that the number of nodes needing to be updated is the minimum when the network switches and updates the flow table, and the required writing time delay is also the minimum.
The flow table updating reduces updating time delay from two aspects of adjusting the issuing sequence of the switches in the path and classifying the new and old flow tables.
In the flow table updating strategy, firstly, the issuing sequence of the switches in the path is adjusted, the issuing sequence of the flow table is related to the size of the inconsistent time delay of each switch in the path, and the flow table is issued to the switch with the largest inconsistent time delay in the path; and secondly, classifying the new and old flow tables, and dividing the flow table entries into four categories of new flow adding table entries, flow table entry deletion, flow table entry modification and common flow table entries.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A flow table updating method based on a software defined satellite network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(101) the controller calculates the inconsistent time delay of each switch in the new path, and if the inconsistent time delay exists in the new path, the controller adjusts the sequence of issuing the flow table to the switches according to the descending order of the inconsistent time delay; if the switches in the new path do not have inconsistent time delay, the controller sequentially issues flow tables to the switches according to the sequence of the switches in the new path;
(102) dividing the flow table items of each switch into four categories of new flow adding table items, flow table item deletion, flow table item change and common flow table items;
(103) and comparing and analyzing the new path and the original path, judging which type the flow table item of the switch belongs to and executing a corresponding flow table issuing strategy.
2. The flow table updating method based on the software-defined satellite network according to claim 1, wherein the controller in step (101) adjusts an order of issuing the flow table to the switch according to a descending order of the inconsistent time delays, specifically: and the controller issues the flow table to the switches in the new path according to the sequence from large to small of the inconsistent time delay.
3. A flow table consistency optimization method based on a software-defined satellite network, which is characterized by comprising a routing decision method and the flow table updating method based on the software-defined satellite network as claimed in claim 1; and taking the optimal path obtained by the route decision method as a new path of the flow table updating method.
4. The flow table consistency optimization method based on the software-defined satellite network according to claim 3, wherein the routing decision method specifically comprises the steps of:
(201) combining the minimum issuing delay path with the maximum similarity path to construct a double-objective function;
the dual objective function is min (∑)m∈Pcm+△tmax) And maxRiWherein c ismFor the control delay from the switch m to the controller, P is the reachable path set from the source node to the destination node in the software defined satellite network, △ tmaxFor the maximum value of the inconsistent time delay of each switch in the reachable path, RiThe path similarity of the path i and the original path is obtained;
(202) converting the double-objective function into a single-objective function, and taking a path meeting the single-objective function as an optimal path;
the single objective function is min α(∑m∈Pcm+△tmax)+ββ′(1-Ri)]Where β' is a normalization factor, α and β are weight coefficients of the two targets, respectively, representing the relative importance of the two targets, and α + β is 1.
5. The flow table consistency optimization method based on the software-defined satellite network according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining of the minimum delivery delay path comprises the following steps:
(301) a controller in the software defined satellite network calculates all reachable paths from a source node to a destination node according to the current network topology and current network parameters, and generates a reachable path set from all reachable paths; the network parameters comprise information of each node and delay information, and the network topology comprises link connection relation, link delay and control delay between a switch and a controller in the network;
(302) respectively calculating the inconsistent time delay of each switch in each reachable path;
(303) find all satisfied objective function min in reachable path (∑)m∈Pcm+△tmax) A path of (a); wherein, cmFor the control delay from the switch m to the controller, P is the reachable path set from the source node to the destination node in the software defined satellite network, △ tmaxThe maximum value of the inconsistent time delay of each exchanger in the reachable path is obtained;
(304) and (4) judging whether the propagation delay of the path obtained in the step (303) is less than or equal to the path delay index, and taking the path less than or equal to the path delay index as the minimum issuing delay path.
6. The flow table consistency optimization method based on the software-defined satellite network according to claim 4, wherein the obtaining of the maximum similarity path specifically includes the following steps:
(401) a controller in the software defined satellite network calculates all reachable paths from a source node to a destination node according to the current network topology and current network parameters, and generates a reachable path set from all reachable paths;
(402) respectively calculating node state matrixes which represent the state of each switch in the original path and each reachable path; the node state matrix is as follows: the corresponding element of the switch passing through the path in the node state matrix is 1; the corresponding element of the node state matrix of the switch which does not pass through the path is 0;
(403) respectively calculating a similar matrix between each reachable path and the original path; the similarity matrix is as follows: the reachable path and the original path both pass through the same switch or do not pass through the same switch, and the corresponding element of the similar matrix is 1; otherwise, the corresponding element in the similarity matrix is 0;
(404) and calculating the path similarity between each reachable path and the original path according to the similarity matrix, and taking the path with the maximum path similarity as the path with the maximum similarity.
7. The flow table consistency optimization method based on the software-defined satellite network according to claim 6, wherein the path similarity calculation in the step (404) is specifically as follows:wherein R isiFor the path similarity of path i to the original path,the similarity matrix of path i to the original path, n is the number of switches in the software defined satellite network.
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