CN105958189B - A kind of minimized wide-band antenna - Google Patents
A kind of minimized wide-band antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN105958189B CN105958189B CN201610377083.5A CN201610377083A CN105958189B CN 105958189 B CN105958189 B CN 105958189B CN 201610377083 A CN201610377083 A CN 201610377083A CN 105958189 B CN105958189 B CN 105958189B
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- radiator
- inductance
- dielectric substrate
- antenna
- band antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of minimized wide-band antenna, and chamber is carried on the back including radiator, dielectric substrate and metal;The U-shaped chamber that metal back of the body chamber is made of 1 bottom surface and 2 or so opposite side walls;Dielectric substrate is covered in the upper top surface opening of metal back of the body chamber;Radiator is in the planar upper surface for being printed on dielectric substrate;Radiator is made of 2 sector elements and 2 microstrip lines;The vertex of 2 sector elements forms the distributing point of radiator;2 sector elements are symmetrically distributed in the left and right sides of dielectric substrate, and the distributing point of 2 sector elements is opposite, and spaced apart;Every microstrip line is the linear of bending extension;The both ends of microstrip line are connected on respectively on the homonymy bottom end point of 2 sector elements;2 microstrip lines are symmetrically distributed in the front and rear sides of dielectric substrate.The present invention can reduce the size of antenna, meet detection requirement of the system to target.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical fields, and in particular to a kind of minimized wide-band antenna.
Background technology
In recent years, since Cyberspace technology rapidly develops, lead to apply antenna system in equipment and form increasingly
Increase, and the requirement to its electrical property is also being continuously improved.The antenna of early stage, such as blade antenna, single (idol) pole sub-antenna, warp
Telescopic antenna of loading etc. there are narrow bandwidth, size is big the problem of, have been unable to meet requirement instantly.Promote the small of antenna
Type, broadband important technology become research hotspot and trend, particularly evident in terms of ultrashort wave antenna.
As unmanned plane each side surface technology reaches its maturity, use occasion is more and more extensive, and fighting efficiency is also increasingly prominent
Go out.And the part that antenna is indispensable as wireless telecommunications, the quality of performance will directly determine unmanned plane whole system
Efficiency.And for existing ultrashort wave antenna, gain is relatively low, frequency band is relatively narrow, is unfavorable for answering for target acquisition technology
With.In order to make its broadband, miniaturization, the method for generally use has:Resistor loaded or parasitic loading, but day is also resulted in this way
Tape carrys out the problem of whole system aspect of performance, as efficiency is low.So ensureing the same of other aspect of performance superiority of antenna
When, take into account the minimizing of antenna, it is broadband be new direction that we study.
Invention content
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that existing antenna can not take into account the problem of minimizing and is broadband, provide one
Kind minimized wide-band antenna, to reduce the size of antenna, meets detection requirement of the system to target.
To solve the above problems, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of minimized wide-band antenna carries on the back chamber including radiator, dielectric substrate and metal;Metal back of the body chamber is under 1
The U-shaped chamber that bottom surface and 2 or so opposite side walls are formed;Dielectric substrate is covered in the upper top surface opening of metal back of the body chamber
Place;Radiator is in the planar upper surface for being printed on dielectric substrate;Radiator is by 2 sector elements and 2 microstrip line groups
Into;The vertex of 2 sector elements forms the distributing point of radiator;2 sector elements are symmetrically distributed in a left side for dielectric substrate
Right both sides, the distributing point of 2 sector elements is opposite, and spaced apart;Every microstrip line is the linear of bending extension;
The both ends of microstrip line are connected on respectively on the homonymy bottom end point of 2 sector elements;2 microstrip lines are symmetrically distributed in dielectric substrate
Front and rear sides.
As an improvement, above-mentioned minimized wide-band antenna further comprises adaptation, input terminal and the outside of adaptation
Power supply connects, and the output terminal of adaptation and the distributing point of radiator connect.
In said program, adaptation is made of dielectric-slab and the match circuit being arranged on dielectric-slab and ground plane;
Above-mentioned match circuit 4-2 includes line transformer, the first inductance, the second inductance, the first capacitance and third inductance;External power supply
Ground wire connect with ground plane, the feeder line of external power supply is connect with one end of third inductance;The other end of third inductance connects simultaneously
Connect one end of the first capacitance and one end of the second inductance;The other end of first capacitance is connect with ground plane;Second inductance it is another
One end of the first inductance of end connection and one end of line transformer input side;The other end and line transformer of first inductance
The other end of input side is connect simultaneously with ground plane;One end of line transformer outlet side and ground plane and radiator are wherein
The distributing point of one sector element is connected, the other end of the outlet side of line transformer and another sector element of radiator
Distributing point be connected.
In said program, adaptation is arranged between the bottom surface of metal back of the body chamber and the back side of insulation medium board.
In said program, at least one is offered on each sector element along the left and right directions extension of dielectric substrate
Perpendicular cell.
In said program, when the perpendicular cell opened up on each sector element is 2 or more, these perpendicular cells are mutual
It is parallel, and the length of perpendicular cell gradually shortens from the symmetrical centre of each sector element to both sides.
In said program, the well width for erecting cell is less than 0.01 λ, and wherein λ is free corresponding to antenna maximum operating frequency
Space wavelength.
In said program, every microstrip line is bent towards the inside of radiator.
In said program, the fluting of perforation is offered on metal back of the body chamber.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following features:
1st, the radiator of antenna being combined using the sector element and microstrip line of perpendicular cell so that the electricity on antenna
It being distributed in adfluxion on the straight flange and microstrip line of antenna sector element, antenna radiator is equivalent to the parallel connection of two loop antennas, from
And the input impedance of antenna is made to tend towards stability in working band, be conducive to expand bandwidth, reduce size;
2nd, the addition of three faces back of the body chamber can effectively shield backward radiation and external interference, enhance antenna direction radiation directivity
Requirement;Slot on metal back of the body chamber, under the premise of ensureing that backward radiation will not be generated, reduces antenna weights;
3rd, antenna is whole without there is consumption to load, and achievees the purpose that miniaturization, opposite band while antenna radiation efficiency is ensured
It is wide to reach more than 31%;
4th, the present invention is also applied to other fields, is not limited in unmanned plane target field of detecting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of main view dimensional structure diagram of minimized wide-band antenna;
Fig. 2 is a kind of radiator schematic diagram of minimized wide-band antenna;
Fig. 3 is a kind of adaptation structure chart of minimized wide-band antenna;
Fig. 4 is the VSWR test curve figures of antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure label 1, radiator;1-1, sector element;1-2, microstrip line;2nd, dielectric substrate;3rd, metal back of the body chamber;4、
Adaptation;4-1, dielectric-slab;4-2, match circuit;4-3, ground plane.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and reference
Attached drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be noted that the direction term mentioned in embodiment, such as " on ",
" under ", "left", "right", "front", "rear" etc., be only refer to the attached drawing direction.Therefore, the direction used is intended merely to explanation
For limiting the scope of the invention.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that a kind of minimized wide-band antenna, as shown in Figure 1, by spoke
Beam 1, dielectric substrate 2, metal back of the body chamber 3 and adaptation 4 form.
Radiator 1 is made of metal material, in the planar upper surface for being printed on dielectric substrate 2.The material of radiator 1
Material can be the metal materials such as gold, silver, tin, but consider performance and cost, which is prepared using copper product.Radiation
Body 1 is made of 2 sector element 1-1 and 2 microstrip line 1-2.Distributing point of the vertex of 2 sector element 1-1 for the antenna, 2
The vertex of a sector element 1-1, that is, left antenna sector element and right antenna sector element is opposite and spaced apart formed supplies
The power feed hole that adaptation 4 passes through.2 sector element 1-1 be about centre coordinate axis Y-axis it is symmetrical, and form a pair of of dipole.
It is selected as between 1-10mm on the distance between vertex of left sector element and right sector element.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, should
Distance is 4mm, in order to feed.In addition, it is contemplated that antenna should be reduced as possible to unmanned plane effect of aerodynamic performance, in sector element
Upper design gradual change erects cell, and well width is less than 0.01 of free space wavelength corresponding to antenna maximum operating frequency, in not shadow
Mitigate the weight of antenna under the premise of ringing antenna performance.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, groove width 10mm.Every microstrip line 1-
2 are made of bending part and straight line portion.Bending part extends curved, and positioned at the middle part of microstrip line 1-2.Straight line portion is linear
Shape extends, and positioned at the both sides of microstrip line 1-2 namely bending part.Bending part can be that multistage folding line and/or linear form,
The bending part has multiple inflection points at this time, and these inflection points can be that right angle inflection point, obtuse angle inflection point and/or acute angle are curved
Break.And every 2 linears formed inflection point that connects is acute angle inflection point.In practical engineering application, according to antenna
Working frequency range it is different, the bending shape of the bending part of microstrip line 1-2, bending number and bend length and needed by the design of antenna
The minimum working frequency range of i.e. antenna is asked to determine.In addition, the bending part of microstrip line 1-2 can be bent towards the outside of radiator 1, but
In order to effectively reduce the size of antenna, the bending part of the microstrip line 1-2 is preferably towards the inside bending of radiator 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bending part of microstrip line 1-2 is connect for 4 times through bending with straight line portion, the both ends of every microstrip line 1-2
It is connected on respectively on the homonymy bottom end point of 2 sector element 1-1.Referring to Fig. 2.
Dielectric substrate 2 is made of insulating dielectric materials, and is covered in top surface opening on metal back of the body chamber 3.Insulation is situated between
Scutum 2 is fixedly connected with metal back of the body chamber 3 by threaded hole.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, plane residing for dielectric substrate 2
Plane residing for carrying on the back the bottom surface of chamber 3 with metal is parallel.Carrier of 2 one side of insulation medium board as radiator 1, on the other hand
Influence the size of radiator 1, i.e., when 2 thickness of insulation medium board or dielectric constant change, the spoke on 2 surface of insulation medium board
Size (size of line width and sector element 1-1 including the microstrip line 1-2 etc.) needs of beam 1 are finely adjusted.It is excellent in the present invention
It selects in embodiment, the material of insulation medium board 2 is epoxy resin fiberglass dielectric-slab, and dielectric constant is about 4.4, and thickness is situated between
In 0.5mm between 3mm.
The U-shaped cavity that metal back of the body chamber 3 is made of by one left side, right side and bottom surface.2 of metal back of the body chamber 3
Side wall is the plane being mutually parallel with the H faces of antenna, and the bottom surface of metal back of the body chamber 3 is plane or cambered surface.Metal back of the body chamber 3 can have
Effect shielding backward radiation and external interference, and enhance Antenna gain pattern, while as the carrier of insulation medium board 2.Metal
Back of the body chamber 3 only retains three face of bottom surface, left side and right side of hollow, rectangular chamber, and leading flank and trailing flank are then omitted,
Reason is the front side wall of metal back of the body chamber 3 and rear wall is the orthogonal face in H faces with antenna, and the radiation of radiator 1 can be
Roundtrip on the leading flank of metal back of the body chamber 3 and trailing flank, influences radiance, therefore the two sides are removed.It is excellent in the present invention
It selects in embodiment, metal back of the body chamber 3 is that the aluminium alloy of material thickness about 1.5mm is bent into, and preparation is very easy, greatly saves
Cost.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height H of metal back of the body chamber 3 corresponds to free space wave for Antenna Operation centre frequency
Long 1/8 or so.In addition, it is contemplated that should reduce metal as possible carries on the back chamber 3 to unmanned plane effect of aerodynamic performance, slot on it
Processing, groove width 15mm, spacing between slot and slot are 7mm, and the considerations of to its intensity, separation is designed at 1/3 and 2/3 at it
For 19.5mm.There are for 4 fixed hole of adaptation position at the middle part of the bottom surface of metal back of the body chamber 3.
In order to which the input impedance for ensureing antenna obtains matched well, the present invention is that one is inserted between antenna and feeder line
Orchestration 4.The adaptation selects the network topology structure being made of lumped parameter inductance, capacitance to solve in the range of working band
Resistance matching problem, good wide-band impedance is realized by simulation optimization and is matched, so as to effectively increase aerial radiation
Efficiency, improves antenna gain, and antenna meets national defence requirement.Adaptation 4 is by dielectric-slab 4-1, match circuit 4-2 and ground connection
Face 4-3 is formed.Wherein match circuit 4-2 is printed on the upper surface of dielectric-slab 4-1, and ground plane 4-3 is printed under dielectric-slab 4-1
Surface, upper surface grounded part and ground plane 4-3 are connected by via.Above-mentioned match circuit 4-2 include line transformer,
First inductance, the second inductance, the first capacitance and third inductance.Coaxial line accesses adaptation 4, i.e. adaptation by SMA connectors
Weld together with sub-miniature A connector, wherein the core wire of SMA connectors is connect with the input terminal of the adaptation 4, the ground of SMA and institute
The ground plane 4-3 for stating adaptation 4 is connected.One end of third inductance forms the input terminal of match circuit 4-2.Third inductance it is another
One end connects one end of the first capacitance and one end of the second inductance simultaneously.The other end of first capacitance is connect with ground plane 4-3.The
The other end of two inductance connects one end of the first inductance and one end of line transformer input side.The other end of first inductance and
The other end of line transformer input side is connect simultaneously with ground plane 4-3.One end formation of line transformer outlet side
Output terminal with circuit 4-2.The other end of line transformer outlet side is connect with ground plane 4-3.The match circuit of adaptation 4
The output terminal of 4-2 is connected with 1 sector element 1-1 of radiator 1, the ground plane 4-3 of adaptation 4 and another 1 fan of radiator 1
Shape unit 1-1 is connected.In actual use, above-mentioned adaptation 4 can be made to the convex shape of a strip, the adaptation 4
It is fixed between the bottom surface of metal back of the body chamber 3 and the back side of insulation medium board 2, the upraised portion of the adaptation 4 passes through left day
Power feed hole between the vertex of line sector element and right antenna sector element so that a raised side surface is fan-shaped single with left antenna
The vertex of member is affixed so that raised another side surface and the vertex of right antenna sector element is affixed, and feed is formed with this.This
Outside, the edge of match circuit 4-2 is set as being grounded, which is connected by through-hole with back-side ground plane 4-3.Referring to Fig. 3.
This antenna do not carry out it is any have consumption load, gain is higher, can meet requirement of the system to detection range and precision.Figure
4 be the VSWR test curve figures of antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 4, in frequency range, VSWR is respectively less than 2, antenna
Relative bandwidth reaches 31%.
In conclusion a kind of minimized wide-band antenna of the present invention have broadband, high-gain, light-weight, good orientation spoke
It penetrates, the features such as feeding classification is simple, port Impedance matching is good, unmanned plane target detection requirement can be met, while also meet just
Take formula design requirement.
Above-described embodiment, the specific case that only purpose of the present invention, technical solution and feature are further described,
Present invention is not limited to this.All any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done within the scope of disclosure of the invention,
It is all contained within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna, it is characterised in that:Chamber is carried on the back including radiator (1), dielectric substrate (2) and metal
(3);
The U-shaped chamber that metal back of the body chamber (3) is made of 1 bottom surface and 2 or so opposite side walls;
Dielectric substrate (2) is covered in the upper top surface opening of metal back of the body chamber (3);
Radiator (1) is in the planar upper surface for being printed on dielectric substrate (2);Radiator (1) is by 2 sector element (1-
1) it is formed with 2 microstrip lines (1-2);Offered on each sector element (1-1) at least one along dielectric substrate (2) a left side
The perpendicular cell of right direction extension;The vertex of 2 sector elements (1-1) forms the distributing point of radiator (1);2 sector element (1-
1) left and right sides of dielectric substrate (2) is symmetrically distributed in, the distributing point of 2 sector elements (1-1) is opposite, and separates certain
Distance;Every microstrip line (1-2) is the linear of bending extension;The both ends of microstrip line (1-2) are connected on 2 sector elements respectively
On the homonymy bottom end point of (1-1);2 microstrip lines (1-2) are symmetrically distributed in the front and rear sides of dielectric substrate (2).
2. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Further comprise adaptation
(4), the input terminal of adaptation (4) is connect with external power supply, and the output terminal of adaptation (4) is connect with the distributing point of radiator (1).
3. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Adaptation (4) is by dielectric-slab (4-
1) and the match circuit (4-2) and ground plane (4-3) that are arranged on dielectric-slab (4-1) are formed;Above-mentioned match circuit 4-2
Including line transformer, the first inductance, the second inductance, the first capacitance and third inductance;The ground wire and ground plane of external power supply
(4-3) is connected, and the feeder line of external power supply is connect with one end of third inductance;The other end of third inductance connects the first capacitance simultaneously
One end and the second inductance one end;The other end of first capacitance is connect with ground plane (4-3);The other end connection of second inductance
One end of first inductance and one end of line transformer input side;The other end of first inductance and line transformer input side
The other end simultaneously and ground plane
(4-3) is connected;One end of line transformer outlet side and one of sector of ground plane (4-3) and radiator (1)
The distributing point of unit (1-1) is connected, the other end of the outlet side of line transformer and another sector element of radiator (1)
The distributing point of (1-1) is connected.
4. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:Adaptation (4) is arranged on metal
It carries on the back between the bottom surface of chamber (3) and the back side of insulation medium board (2).
5. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:When on each sector element (1-1)
When the perpendicular cell opened up is 2 or more, these perpendicular cells are parallel between each other, and the length of perpendicular cell is by each sector element
The symmetrical centre of (1-1) gradually shortens to both sides.
6. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that:The well width of perpendicular cell is less than
0.01 λ, wherein λ are free space wavelength corresponding to antenna maximum operating frequency.
7. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Every microstrip line (1-2) is towards spoke
The inside bending of beam (1).
8. a kind of minimized wide-band antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It offers and passes through on metal back of the body chamber (3)
Logical fluting.
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Families Citing this family (4)
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CN107196050B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2023-05-30 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Miniaturized dual-band circularly polarized antenna loaded with electromagnetic metamaterial |
CN107359420B (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2023-08-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Miniaturized high-gain dual-band circularly polarized antenna |
CN115642395B (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-01-02 | 湖南迈克森伟电子科技有限公司 | Antenna unit, antenna array and electronic equipment |
CN116190995B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2024-02-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十研究所 | Ultra-short wave broadband omnidirectional antenna capable of being flush-mounted |
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Application publication date: 20160921 Assignee: GUILIN FEIYU TECHNOLOGY Corp.,Ltd. Assignor: GUILIN University OF ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Contract record no.: X2022450000309 Denomination of invention: A compact broadband antenna Granted publication date: 20180626 License type: Common License Record date: 20221212 |