CN105958097B - A kind of two-way Ion transfer microbiological fuel cell - Google Patents
A kind of two-way Ion transfer microbiological fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN105958097B CN105958097B CN201610526294.0A CN201610526294A CN105958097B CN 105958097 B CN105958097 B CN 105958097B CN 201610526294 A CN201610526294 A CN 201610526294A CN 105958097 B CN105958097 B CN 105958097B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0241—Composites
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two-way Ion transfer microbiological fuel cell, including anode chamber, cathode chamber, allow two pole room negative ions simultaneously bi-directionally by multiple spaced-apart film, connect with anode chamber anode and cathode room cathode external circuit, reinforcing OH‑Attachment, the reinforcing H being fully utilized in anode reaction+The attachment being fully utilized in cathode reaction.The present invention, while effectively realizing the separation of two pole room solution, allowing MFC continuous feeding and dischargings, continuous electricity production, two pole room negative ions two-ways are allowed to cross separation membrane, make negative ions shared electricity transmission tasks, the ion mobility needed under similarity condition is low, resistance is small, internal energy consumption is low；H+、OH‑Can cathode chamber, anode chamber be entered by separation membrane respectively by anode chamber, cathode chamber, participate in cathode, anode electrode reaction respectively, and be used effectively；It can avoid some salts, hydroxide species the phenomenon that separating film surface accumulation, separation membrane blocks, usage time is long.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to microorganism electrochemical fields, and in particular to it is a kind of allow positive and negative ion simultaneously bi-directionally by point
Diaphragm, richness OH-Solution and richness H+Solution flows back into corresponding feed inlet, OH-With H+It is lost in few two-way Ion transfer microorganism combustion
Expect battery.
Background technology
Microbiological fuel cell（MFC）Not only the pollution reduction of organic wastewater can have been realized, but also can be by organic matter chemistry in waste water
It can be converted to electric energy, be one of the hot spot direction of this century environment and energy field research.
Dual chamber MFC is mainly made of anode chamber, cathode chamber and separation membrane three parts.AnodeIt is organic in the anaerobic environment of room
Object existsMicroorganismDecomposed under effect and release electronics andProton, electronics is by certainElectron transmissionMediator is in biological components and sun
It is effectively transmitted between pole, and is transmitted to by external circuitCathodeIt is formedElectric current, and proton is transmitted to cathode by separation membrane,
Oxidant obtains electronics and is reduced to be combined into water with proton in cathode.
The separation membrane that MFC is used at present has relatively high power density, includes compared with the main of high coulomb efficiency：Proton
The permeable materials such as exchange membrane, cation-exchange membrane, anion-exchange membrane（Logan, Microbial Fuel Cells,
2007；Kim, Environ. Sci. Technol., 2007:41）.But these films have some in the application inherently to be lacked
It falls into, affects MFC production capacities.
Firstly, since separation membrane allows through the electrical unicity of ion, it originally can be with positive and negative ion shared in solution
Electricity transmit, can only be undertaken by single conductance ion.In this way, single in the solution to match with external circuit electron transmission electricity
Conductance ion migration rate just needs faster, ion migrate in the electric field needed for energy and migration rate it is square directly proportional, with
Mass of ion is directly proportional, because anode chamber's cation generally includes Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+Deng the possible anion of cathode chamber is usual
For Cl-、OH-、H2PO4 -、HPO4 2-Deng single conductance ion migration rate will be faster, it is intended that the energy that is consumed will in solution
Than the bigger that consumes energy when positive and negative ion co-migrate；And ion moves in the solution, by by the resistance directly proportional to rate,
The ion mobility needed also implies that the energy for overcoming resistance to consume is bigger sooner, to keep MFC production capacities lower.
Secondly, when external circuit transmit electronics cathode gather to a certain extent, due to separation membrane allow it is electrical by ion
Unicity, the speed that effects of ion transports charge may not caught up with, then under electric field action by power consumption, water will be by
Dissociate into H+、OH-, the carrier for transporting charge is provided.Consumption of the hydrolytic dissociation to energy will also make the reduction of MFC production capacities.
For proton exchange membrane, due to only proton being allowed to pass through, anion leans on cathode side by cathodic migration to separation membrane
Surface when, due to that can not pass through, will be built up in film surface region.When positively charged proton comes from the other side of separation membrane,
The negatively charged anion that part is built up combines, and keeps a certain number of protons in solution anti-from reaching cathode participation electrode
It answers, so that cathode reaction efficiency is reduced, make the reduction of MFC production capacities.
For cation-exchange membrane, due to only cation being allowed to pass through, anion leans on cathode by cathodic migration to separation membrane
When the surface of side, due to that can not pass through, it will be built up in film surface near zone.When positively charged cation is from separation membrane
The other side comes, and the negatively charged anion that part is built up is combined into salt or hydroxide.Meanwhile when the salt or hydrogen of generation
Oxide is insoluble matter or indissoluble object, or when running to a certain extent, the salt or hydroxide concentration of generation are more than its solubility,
The salt and hydroxide then generated will separate film surface deposition, and the outlet of obstruction cationic channel makes MFC internal resistances increase, and also makes
Production capacity reduces（Wang Bo, Chinese water supply and drainage, 2013:29）.
The formation of the ideal alkaline environment of MFC anodes, has production capacity important influence（Zhuang L, Biores
Technol, 2010,101: 3514-3519；Puig S,Biores Technol, 2010, 101(24): 9594−9599；
YUAN Yong,Biores Technol, 2010, 101(24): 9594−9599.）.However, either proton exchange membrane is also
It is cation-exchange membrane, due to not allowing OH-It is transmitted to anode from cathode chamber by separation membrane, hampers anode needed for electricity production
The formation of ideal alkaline environment restricts the increase of MFC production capacities.
For anion-exchange membrane, due to only anion being allowed to pass through, H+It cannot be transmitted to from anode chamber by separation membrane
Cathode makes the reduction of cathode reaction efficiency, makes the reduction of MFC production capacities.Meanwhile cation is moved to by anode and separates film surface and nothing
Method by when, will film by anode-side surface region build up.When negatively charged anion comes from the other side of separation membrane, part
The positively charged cation built up combines, and makes a certain number of OH in solution-Anode cannot be reached, to anode needed for electricity production
The formation of ideal alkaline environment also adversely affect, reduced so as to cause MFC production capacities.
So either proton exchange membrane, cation-exchange membrane or anion-exchange membrane, using only allowing single electricity
Property ion by separation membrane, will will all have an adverse effect to the power density of MFC, coulombic efficiency.Although being ground about MFC
Study carefully very much, develop also quickly, but its power density, coulombic efficiency are still universal relatively low at present, it is generally single using only allowing with MFC
Conductance ion by separation membrane have much relations.
Invention content
For deficiencies of the prior art, a kind of permission negative ions of present invention offer simultaneously bi-directionally pass through separation
Film, OH-It is lost in few MFC with H+, makes to undertake that ion mobility needed for electricity transmission tasks is low, resistance is small, energy consumption is low, and
Make OH-With H+The two-way Ion transfer microbiological fuel cell MFC being fully utilized in corresponding electrode reaction.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that achieve the goals above：A kind of two-way Ion transfer Microbial fuel electricity
Pond, including battery body, it is characterised in that：It is provided with anode and cathode in the battery body, is set between anode and cathode
It is equipped with two-way Ion transfer separation membrane, battery body is divided into anode chamber and cathode chamber by two-way Ion transfer separation membrane, two-way
Ion transfer separation membrane has infinite multiple micropores, makes H in solution+、OH-Two-way migration, is passed through respectively；The anode and cathode
It is separately positioned in anode chamber and cathode chamber；It is additionally provided with anode chamber feed pipe and anode chamber's outlet tube in anode chamber, in cathode
Room is additionally provided with cathode chamber feed pipe and cathode chamber outlet tube；Anode and cathode is connect with electrode connecting line respectively, is connected through electrode
Wiring is connected to external circuit load disengaging line end, forms closed circuit, outside circuit load power supply.
Further feature is：The two-way Ion transfer separation membrane is composite membrane, by cation-exchange membrane and anion
Exchange membrane is alternately mutually embedding to be formed.
Mutually embedding cation-exchange membrane uses a tape alternation mutually embedding with anion-exchange membrane, bandwidth 1.5-5.0mm；Or
Person, using mutually embedding, the area of a polygon 3-25mm of small polygon mat alternating2。
Cation-exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane equivalent are mutually embedding；Or the inequality phase of anion-exchange membrane large percentage
Embedding, the area of passage of anion-exchange membrane accounts for total area of passage 1/2-3/5 when inequality is mutually embedding.
The anode is high conductivity, chemical property is stable, is suitble to the material of microorganism parent's apposition growth, including：Activity
Charcoal, carbon fiber, carbon paper, carbon cloth, graphite fibre, graphite felt, black lead brush.
The cathode is high conductivity, the carbon-supported metal that chemical property is stable, catalytic reduction activity is good or carbon-supported metal oxygen
Compound material, including：Pallium-on-carbon, carbon carry MnO2。
Between anode and two-way Ion transfer separation membrane, it is provided with selection enrichment OH-Rich OH-Solution refluxing opening, it is rich
OH-Solution refluxing opening is through rich OH-Solution backflow pipe is connected to anode chamber feed pipe, by what is come from two-way Ion transfer separation membrane
Rich OH-Solution is transported to anode chamber feed pipe, reenters in anode chamber, increases richness OH-Solution is in anolyte reaction chamber region
Residence time reduces OH-It is lost in.
Between cathode and two-way Ion transfer separation membrane, it is provided with selection enrichment H+Rich H+Solution refluxing opening, rich H+It is molten
Liquid refluxing opening is through rich H+Solution backflow pipe is connected to cathode chamber feed pipe, the rich H that will come from two-way Ion transfer separation membrane+It is molten
Liquid is transported to cathode chamber feed pipe, reenters in cathode chamber, increases richness H+Solution in the residence time of cathode chamber conversion zone,
Reduce H+It is lost in.
The anolyte is the good aqueous organopolysiloxane of biodegradability, including the aqueous organopolysiloxane of preparation, sanitary sewage, poultry
Fowl breeding wastewater, food processing wastewater.
The catholyte is containing the oxidant participated in needed for cathode reaction, meets pH needed for cathode reaction, with good
The aqueous solution of conductivity.
A kind of two-way Ion transfer MFC of the present invention, has following technical characterstic：
1, separation membrane allow negative ions simultaneously bi-directionally by MFC, so that the ion undertaken needed for electricity transmission tasks is moved
Shifting rate is low, resistance is small, energy consumption is low；
2、OH-、H+It can be flowed back by selective enrichment；Rich OH-Solution flows back into anode feed pipe, OH-It is lost in less, is easy
It is formed with conducive to bacterium electricity production, ideal anode alkaline environment；Rich H+Solution flows back into cathode feed pipe, H+It is lost in less, in the moon
Pole reaction process is using fully.
3, can avoid only allowing single conductance ion by separation film surface present in that salt, hydroxide
The accumulation of substance and then the phenomenon that cause separation membrane to block, keeps MFC capacity efficiencies high, service life is long.
4, separation membrane is composite membrane, replaced with anion-exchange membrane by cation-exchange membrane it is mutually embedding form, and list can be prevented
One film band is wide（Or area of a polygon is excessive）, after counter ion to surface, arrived because distance is not easy the lateral transfer along surface greatly
Allow its by adjacent membrane, the problem of passing through so as to cause single conductance ion；Also single film band can be prevented narrow（Or it is more
Side shape area is too small）, per membrane area opposite sex film seam area proportion is larger, and per membrane area Ion transfer crosses film energy
Power is smaller, the problem of influencing the transmission of electricity in solution.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the two-way Ion transfer MFC structural schematic diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the mutually embedding round multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram of the parallel alternating of counter ions exchange membrane vertical bar band of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the mutually embedding round multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram of counter ions exchange membrane song helical strips of the present invention alternating；
Fig. 4 is that counter ions exchange membrane circle band of the present invention replaces mutually embedding round multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram with one heart；
Fig. 5 is the mutually embedding rectangle multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram of the parallel alternating of counter ions exchange membrane vertical bar band of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the mutually embedding rectangle multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram of counter ions exchange membrane side of the present invention helical strips alternating；
Fig. 7 is that counter ions exchange membrane shape of rectangular ribbon of the present invention replaces mutually embedding rectangle multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram with one heart；
Fig. 8 is the mutually embedding rectangle multiple spaced-apart film schematic diagram of the small square block alternating of counter ions exchange membrane of the present invention；
1-anode chamber feed pipe；2-anode chambers feed water sprayer；The preposition mixing chamber in 3-anode chambers；4-anode chambers every
It is disconnected；5-anode chambers；6-anodes；7-two-way Ion transfer separation membranes；8-richness OH-Solution refluxing opening；9-anode chambers go out liquid
Pipe；11-cathode chamber feed pipes；12-cathode chambers feed water sprayer；The preposition mixing chamber of 13-cathode chambers；14-cathode chambers separate；
15-cathode chambers；16-cathodes；18-richness H+Solution refluxing opening；19-cathode chamber outlet tubes；20-richness H+Solution backflow pipe；
21-richness OH-Solution backflow pipe；22-electrode connecting lines；23-external circuit load；24-anode chamber's blow-down pipes；25-cathode chambers
Blow-down pipe.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of two-way Ion transfer MFC of the present invention, example structure is as shown in Figure 1, include battery body, in the battery
It is provided with anode 6 and cathode 16 in ontology, two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7, two-way ion are provided between anode 6 and cathode 16
Battery body is divided into anode chamber 5 and cathode chamber 15 by migration separation membrane 7, and anode 6 and cathode 16 are separately positioned on 5 He of anode chamber
In cathode chamber 15.As a complete fuel cell, fed configured with the preposition mixing chamber 3 in anode chamber, anode chamber in anode chamber 5
Pipe 1, anode chamber's partition 4, anode chamber's partition 4 separate 4 underpunches in the side far from anode 6, by anode chamber, make anode chamber
Preposition mixing chamber 3 is communicated with anode chamber 5, and anode chamber feed pipe 1 is through the preposition mixing chamber in anode chamber charging water sprayer 2 and anode chamber 3
Connection, is passed through the preposition mixing chamber 3 in anode chamber, subsequently into anode chamber 5 by feeding liquid and phegma.In cathode chamber 15 configured with the moon
The preposition mixing chamber 13 of pole room, cathode chamber feed pipe 11, cathode chamber partition 14, cathode chamber partition 14 in the side far from cathode 16,
Separate 4 underpunches by cathode chamber, so that the preposition mixing chamber 13 of cathode chamber is communicated with cathode chamber 15, cathode chamber feed pipe 11 is through the moon
Pole room feeds the preposition mixing chamber of water sprayer 12 and cathode chamber 13 and is connected to, and feeding liquid and phegma are passed through the preposition mixing chamber of cathode chamber
13, subsequently into cathode chamber 15.
Anode 6 and cathode 16 are connect with electrode connecting line 22 respectively, and external circuit load 23 is connected to through electrode connecting line 22
Line end is passed in and out, closed circuit is formed, outside circuit load 23 is powered.
Between anode 6 and two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7, it is provided with selection enrichment OH-Rich OH-Solution refluxing opening 8,
Rich OH-Solution refluxing opening 8 is by richness OH-Solution backflow pipe 21 is connected to anode chamber feed pipe 1, will be separated by two-way Ion transfer
Film 7 migrates the OH to come-Selection enrichment and by the rich OH of formation-Solution is transported to anode chamber feed pipe 1, with anode chamber's feeding liquid
It is mixed together through the preposition mixing chamber 3 in anode chamber, into anode chamber 5, increases richness OH-Solution is in the stop in anolyte reaction chamber region
Between, reduce OH-It is lost in.Rich OH-Solution refluxing opening 8 is set as horn mouth, is convenient for richness OH-Solution enters rich OH-Solution backflow pipe 21
It is interior, while stopping that the counter ion at the back side enters.Between cathode 16 and two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7, it is provided with selection enrichment H+Rich H+Solution refluxing opening 18, rich H+Solution refluxing opening 18 is by richness H+Solution backflow pipe 20 is connected to cathode chamber feed inlet 11,
The H to come will be migrated by two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7+Selection enrichment and by the rich H of formation+Solution is transported to cathode chamber charging
Pipe 11 mixes together with cathode chamber feeding liquid through the preposition mixing chamber 13 of cathode chamber, into cathode chamber 15, increases richness H+Solution is in sun
The residence time of pole room conversion zone reduces H+It is lost in.Rich H+Solution refluxing opening 18 is set as horn mouth, is convenient for richness H+Solution into
Enter rich H+Solution backflow pipe 20, while stopping that the counter ion at the back side enters.
In anode chamber 5 and cathode chamber 15, it is respectively arranged with anode chamber's outlet tube 9, cathode chamber outlet tube 19, anode chamber are put
Blank pipe 24, cathode chamber blow-down pipe 25.In normal operation anode chamber feed pipe 1, cathode chamber feed pipe 11, anode chamber's outlet tube 9,
Cathode chamber outlet tube 19 is opened；Anode chamber's blow-down pipe 24, cathode chamber blow-down pipe 25 are opened respectively in emptying and cleaning, by anode
Room, cathode indoor liquid are all discharged.
The two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7 of the present invention is composite membrane, by proton exchange membrane（Or cation-exchange membrane）With the moon
Amberplex is alternately mutually embedding to be formed, and mutually embedding mode is as shown in Fig. 2-8；A tape alternation phase can be used in mutually embedding amberplex
It is embedding, bandwidth 1.5-5.0mm；Small polygon mat alternately mutually embedding, area of a polygon 3-25mm can also be used2；Can equivalent it is mutually embedding,
The inequality that anion-exchange membrane large percentage can also be used is mutually embedding, and the area of passage of anion-exchange membrane accounts for when inequality is mutually embedding
Total area of passage 1/2-3//5.Two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7 has infinite multiple micropores, makes in solution negative ions simultaneously
It is two-way to migrate across, H+、OH-Two-way migration respectively, passes through two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7 respectively.Two-way Ion transfer separates
Battery body is divided into anode chamber 5 and cathode chamber 15 by film 7, passes through infinite multiple micropore phases between anode chamber 5 and cathode chamber 15
It is logical.
The anode 6 of the present invention is high conductivity, chemical property is stable, is suitble to the material of attached growth of microorganisms, optimization choosing
Select including：Activated carbon, carbon fiber, carbon paper, carbon cloth, graphite fibre, graphite felt, black lead brush etc..Rich OH-The liquid of solution backflow pipe 21
Flow velocity degree is 1-1.3m/s, a diameter of reflux 2.0-2.5 times of pipe diameter of return duct water inlet end horn mouth；Anode 6 with it is two-way from
The distance of son migration separation membrane 7 is 2.0-2.5 times of horn mouth depth.
The cathode 16 of the present invention is that high conductivity, the carbon-supported metal that chemical property is stable, catalytic reduction activity is good or carbon carry
Metal oxide materials, optimum choice include：Pallium-on-carbon, carbon carry MnO2.Rich H+The flow stream velocity of solution backflow pipe 20 is 1-
1.3m/s, 2.0-2.5 times of a diameter of reflux pipe diameter of return duct water inlet end horn mouth；Cathode 16 and the migration point of two-way electron ion
The distance of diaphragm 7 is 2.0-2.5 times of horn mouth depth.
Anode chamber's dischargeable capacity VA[m3], cathode chamber dischargeable capacity VC[m3] the ratio between size is：
VA/VC=(QAV/QCV)×(CA0/CC0)×(xA/xC)×(-rC/-rA)
Wherein, QAV、QCVRespectively anode chamber, cathode chamber feed volume flow, [m3/s]；CA0、CC0Respectively anode chamber,
Cathode chamber feeds key component initial concentration, [mol/m3]；xA、xCRespectively anode chamber, cathode chamber key component conversion ratio；-
rA、-rCRespectively anode chamber, cathode chamber key component reaction rate, [mol/ (m3×s)]。
The present invention realize to by separation membrane migrate Lai OH-It is enriched with and by rich OH-Solution flows back into anode chamber feed pipe
Structure, including bell-mouthed richness OH-Solution refluxing opening 8, the rich OH as connecting pipeline-Solution backflow pipe 21, anode chamber's feed water
Emitter 2；Rich OH-The horn mouth of solution refluxing opening 8 is located in anode chamber 5, it is close and against two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7, in
The heart is aligned with the anion channel center of two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7.The present invention realize to by separation membrane migrate Lai H+It is rich
Collect and by rich H+Solution flows back into the structure of cathode chamber feed inlet, including bell-mouthed richness H+Solution refluxing opening 18, as connection
The rich H of pipeline+Solution backflow pipe 20, cathode chamber feed water sprayer 12；Rich H+The horn mouth of solution refluxing opening 18 is located at cathode chamber 15
In, it is close and against two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7, center and two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7 cationic channel center pair
It is accurate.
The anolyte of the present invention is the good aqueous organopolysiloxane of biodegradability, including the aqueous organopolysiloxane of configuration, life dirt
Water, livestock breeding wastewater, food processing wastewater.Catholyte be containing the oxidant participated in needed for cathode reaction, to meet cathode anti-
Answer required pH, the aqueous solution with excellent electrical conductivity.
Anode chamber feeds water sprayer 2, cathode chamber charging water sprayer 12 is all existing structure, will not be discussed further herein.
The technology of the present invention effect analysis：
1, separation membrane of the present invention（Two-way Ion transfer separation membrane 7）For composite membrane, by proton exchange membrane（Or cation exchanges
Film）Replace with anion-exchange membrane it is mutually embedding form, it is mutually embedding that mutually embedding amberplex can be used a tape alternation, or using small more
The mutually embedding structure of side shape block alternating.Allow solution in negative ions simultaneously bi-directionally migrate across, the transmission tasks of shared electricity,
It completes that ion mobility needed for same electricity transmission tasks is small, and resistance is small, energy consumption is low, and single film band can be prevented wide
（Or area of a polygon is excessive）, after counter ion to surface, because distance be not easy greatly along surface lateral transfer to permission its by
Adjacent membrane, the problem of passing through so as to cause single conductance ion；Also single film band can be prevented narrow（Or area of a polygon mistake
It is small）, per membrane area opposite sex film seam area proportion is larger, and it is smaller that per membrane area Ion transfer crosses film ability, shadow
The problem of ringing the transmission of electricity in solution.
2, by additional structure, realize to by separation membrane migrate Lai OH-It is enriched with and by rich OH-Solution flows back into anode chamber
Feed pipe；To by separation membrane migrate Lai H+It is enriched with and by rich H+Solution flows back into cathode chamber feed pipe.
The reaction of anode microorganism electricity generation needs suitable alkaline environment.The OH of anode chamber is moved to from film-It may be because in sun
The pole room residence time is shorter and is lost in, and OH-It is also possible to the H generated with anode reaction+In conjunction with making OH-To anode reaction, H+
To the positive effect some lost of cathode reaction, and directly flow back that there are OH-、H+It is refluxed simultaneously.Utilize OH-With H+Migration side
To opposite feature, the present invention sets 1 in anode chamber（Or it is multiple）Horn mouth towards separation membrane, horn mouth center with compound point
The anion channel center of diaphragm is aligned, and makes to migrate the OH to come from anion channel central area-Effectively receive for horn mouth.
And the H generated from anode+After moving to the horn mouth back side, because being blocked, is migrated to horn mouth edge along the horn mouth back side, is last
Horn mouth is left in parabola direction corresponding to the horn mouth back side, then H under the action of two electric field between electrodes+It is moved to cathode
It moves, and then makes rich OH-Solution flows back into anode chamber feed pipe, increases richness OH-Solution in the residence time in anolyte reaction chamber region,
Reduce OH-It is lost in, reaches the appropriate alkaline environment needed for more effectively structure anode microorganism electricity generation reaction.Horn mouth is by connecing
Pipe is connected with the water sprayer on anode chamber feed pipe, and richness OH is realized using the hydrodynamism of charging-Solution flows back, while making richness
OH-Solution is sufficiently mixed with charging in the duct.
The reduction reaction of cathode needs suitable acidic environment.The H of cathode chamber is moved to from film+It may be because stopping in cathode chamber
It stays the time shorter and is lost in, and H+It is also possible to the OH generated with cathode reaction-（1/2O2+H2O+2e=2OH-, j0=0.401V）Knot
It closes, makes OH-To anode reaction, H+The positive effect of cathode reaction is weakened, and directly flows back that there are H+、OH-It is refluxed simultaneously.
Utilize OH-With H+The opposite feature of migratory direction, the present invention set 1 in cathode chamber（Or it is multiple）Horn mouth towards separation membrane, loudspeaker
Mouth center is aligned with the cationic channel center of multiple spaced-apart film, makes to migrate the H to come from cationic channel central area+For
Horn mouth effectively receives.And the OH generated from cathode-After moving to the horn mouth back side, because being blocked, along the horn mouth back side to loudspeaker
Horn mouth is left in the migration of mouth edge, the parabola direction finally corresponding to the horn mouth back side, then in two electric field between electrodes
Under the action of OH-It is migrated to anode, and then makes rich H+Solution can flow back into cathode chamber feed pipe, increase richness H+Solution is in cathode
The residence time of room conversion zone reduces H+It is lost in, reaches the appropriate acid ring needed for more effectively structure cathodic reduction reaction
Border.Horn mouth is connected by taking over the water sprayer on cathode chamber feed pipe, and richness H is realized using the hydrodynamism of charging+It is molten
Liquid flows back, while making rich H+Solution is sufficiently mixed with charging in the duct.
Finally, it should be noted that examples detailed above of the invention is only example to illustrate the invention, and it is not
It is the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.It is right although applicant describes the invention in detail with reference to preferred embodiment
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description other it is various forms of variation and
It changes.Here all embodiments can not be exhaustive.Every belong to that technical scheme of the present invention amplifies out aobvious and
Row of the variation or variation being clear to still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of two-way Ion transfer microbiological fuel cell, including battery body, it is characterised in that：In the battery body
It is provided with anode（6）And cathode（16）, anode（6）And cathode（16）Between be provided with two-way Ion transfer separation membrane（7）, two-way
Ion transfer separation membrane（7）Battery body is divided into anode chamber（5）And cathode chamber（15）, two-way Ion transfer separation membrane（7）
With infinite multiple micropores, make H in solution+、OH-Two-way migration, is passed through respectively；Two-way Ion transfer separation membrane（7）It is compound
Film replaces mutually embedding form with anion-exchange membrane by cation-exchange membrane；The anode（6）And cathode（16）It is separately positioned on sun
Pole room（5）And cathode chamber（15）It is interior；In anode chamber（5）It is additionally provided with anode chamber feed pipe（1）With anode chamber's outlet tube（9）,
Cathode chamber（15）It is additionally provided with cathode chamber feed pipe（11）With cathode chamber outlet tube（19）；
Anode（6）And cathode（16）Respectively with electrode connecting line（22）Connection, through electrode connecting line（22）It is negative to be connected to external circuit
It carries（23）Line end is passed in and out, closed circuit, outside circuit load are formed（23）Power supply.
2. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Mutually embedding cation-exchange membrane and anion
Exchange membrane is mutually embedding using tape alternation, bandwidth 1.5-5.0mm；Alternatively, using mutually embedding, the polygon facet of small polygon mat alternating
Product 3-25mm2。
3. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Cation-exchange membrane and anion-exchange membrane
Equivalent is mutually embedding；Or the inequality of anion-exchange membrane large percentage is mutually embedding, the overcurrent of anion-exchange membrane when inequality is mutually embedding
Area accounts for total area of passage 1/2-3/5.
4. according to any microbiological fuel cell of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The anode be high conductivity,
Chemical property is stable, is suitble to the material of attached growth of microorganisms, including：Activated carbon or carbon fiber or carbon paper or carbon cloth or graphite are fine
Dimension or graphite felt or black lead brush.
5. according to any microbiological fuel cell of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：The cathode be high conductivity,
The carbon-supported metal or carbon-supported metal oxide material that chemical property is stable, catalytic reduction activity is good, including：Pallium-on-carbon or carbon carry
MnO2。
6. according to any microbiological fuel cell of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：In anode（6）With two-way ion
Migrate separation membrane（7）Between, it is provided with selection enrichment OH-Rich OH-Solution refluxing opening（8）, rich OH-Solution refluxing opening（8）Through richness
OH-Solution backflow pipe（21）, with anode chamber feed pipe（1）Connection, will be from two-way Ion transfer separation membrane（7）The rich OH to come over-It is molten
Liquid is transported to anode chamber feed pipe（1）, reenter anode chamber（5）It is interior, increase richness OH-Solution is in anolyte reaction chamber region
Residence time reduces OH-It is lost in.
7. according to any microbiological fuel cell of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：In cathode（16）With it is two-way from
Son migration separation membrane（7）Between, it is provided with selection enrichment H+Rich H+Solution refluxing opening（18）, rich H+Solution refluxing opening（18）Through
Rich H+Solution backflow pipe（20）, with cathode chamber feed pipe（11）Connection, will be from two-way Ion transfer separation membrane（7）The rich H to come over+
Solution is transported to cathode chamber feed pipe（11）, reenter cathode chamber（15）It is interior, increase richness H+Solution is in cathode chamber conversion zone
Residence time, reduce H+It is lost in.
8. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The anolyte is that biodegradability is good
Aqueous organopolysiloxane, including the aqueous organopolysiloxane of preparation, sanitary sewage, livestock breeding wastewater, food processing wastewater.
9. microbiological fuel cell according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The catholyte is anti-containing cathode is participated in
It answers required oxidant, meet pH needed for cathode reaction, the aqueous solution with excellent electrical conductivity.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101267045A (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2008-09-17 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | A microbe fuel battery and its application |
| CN201340872Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-11-04 | 重庆大学 | Microbial fuel cell |
| CN101667651A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-10 | 南开大学 | Column-shaped microbial fuel cell without ion exchange membrane or mediator |
| CN104040773A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-09-10 | 科罗拉多大学校务委员会,一个法人团体 | Modular bioelectrochemical systems and methods |
| CN105489919A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-13 | 重庆大学 | Air-cathode microbial fuel cell without buffer operation and performance improvement method |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101267045A (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2008-09-17 | 广东省生态环境与土壤研究所 | A microbe fuel battery and its application |
| CN201340872Y (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2009-11-04 | 重庆大学 | Microbial fuel cell |
| CN101667651A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-10 | 南开大学 | Column-shaped microbial fuel cell without ion exchange membrane or mediator |
| CN104040773A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2014-09-10 | 科罗拉多大学校务委员会,一个法人团体 | Modular bioelectrochemical systems and methods |
| CN105489919A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2016-04-13 | 重庆大学 | Air-cathode microbial fuel cell without buffer operation and performance improvement method |
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