CN105957118B - A kind of shale hole imaging method and device - Google Patents
A kind of shale hole imaging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105957118B CN105957118B CN201610270879.0A CN201610270879A CN105957118B CN 105957118 B CN105957118 B CN 105957118B CN 201610270879 A CN201610270879 A CN 201610270879A CN 105957118 B CN105957118 B CN 105957118B
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- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T11/00—2D [Two Dimensional] image generation
- G06T11/003—Reconstruction from projections, e.g. tomography
- G06T11/008—Specific post-processing after tomographic reconstruction, e.g. voxelisation, metal artifact correction
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of shale hole imaging method and device, wherein, this method includes：X-ray scanning is carried out to shale samples, the data for projection of X-ray scanning is obtained；Denoising correction process is carried out to data for projection；Interference model of the phase for above-mentioned data for projection is constructed using the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE of X-ray；Sliding-model control based on spatial domain is carried out to the interference model, spatial domain discretization operator equation is obtained；Using the data for projection after denoising correction process as the input data of spatial domain discretization operator equation, phasing data for projection is drawn；Above-mentioned phasing data for projection is handled using filter back-projection algorithm, the image of shale samples is obtained.The method that the present invention is solved using spatial domain, reduces the interference of phase information, also shows the resistance effect to noise, and more fine portray can be carried out to the nanoscale pore throats of shale samples, millimeter micrometer grade hole crack.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geophysical probing technique field, in particular to a kind of shale hole imaging method and dress
Put.
Background technology
In recent years, the shale petroleum resources abundant due to preserving and receive extensive concern, shale oil gas reservoir hole knot
Structure complexity is various, based on nanoscale pore throat system, therefore if realize shale micro/nano-scale imaging, will to research oil gas assign
The geological problems such as state, Migration mark are deposited to be of great importance.Traditional method is difficult the lossless micro-nano hole crack for realizing shale
Research, even with X-ray scanning there is also resolution ratio not enough, signal to noise ratio is low, the difficulty such as weak absorbing object is difficult to be imaged, and
When object and detector have certain distance, there can be serious phase disruption problem.The introducing of third generation synchrotron radiation light will
The possibility on hardware is provided for raising resolution ratio in light source aspect, accompanying problem is that such as where after the diminution of sample yardstick
The information contained by phase is managed, conventional method has in-line phase contrast imaging (Lee, 2015), the phase contrast based on grating interference
Degree imaging (Nesterets, 2008), phase contrast imaging (Bravin, 2003) based on analyzer etc..
Investigate, found currently with phase information to shale hole x-ray projection number through patent retrieval and domestic and foreign literature
According to the filtering method that frequency domain is used the method handled, this method eliminates phase effect by filter function, existed into more
As limited resolution, and easily disturbed by local value, the problems such as causing unstable result, it is difficult to accurately realize the micro-nano of shale
Porous dehiscence gap research.
For above-mentioned by the way of the progress shale hole imaging of frequency filtering method, imaging resolution is limited, and holds
The problem of easily being caused unstable result by local value interference, effective solution is not yet proposed at present.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of shale hole imaging method and device, to improve
Imaging resolution, reduces the interference of phase information, and reduces relative error.
In a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of shale hole imaging method, this method includes：To shale samples
X-ray scanning is carried out, the data for projection of X-ray scanning is obtained；Denoising correction process is carried out to data for projection；Utilize X-ray
Light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE construct interference model of the phase for data for projection；The interference model is carried out to be based on space
The sliding-model control in domain, obtains spatial domain discretization operator equation；It regard the data for projection after denoising correction process as spatial domain
The input data of discretization operator equation, draws phasing data for projection, wherein, phasing data for projection is without phase
The data for projection of information；Phasing data for projection is handled using filter back-projection algorithm, shale samples are obtained
Image.
With reference in a first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the possible embodiment of the first of first aspect, wherein, profit
Included with light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE the construction phase of X-ray for the interference model of data for projection：According to X-ray
Light intensity and the prior information of shale samples select phase shift absorptance, wherein, the prior information include shale samples it is main into
The linear absorption coefficient and ABSORPTION EDGE information divided；Unicity is done it is assumed that obtaining interference model to phase shift absorptance, wherein,
The interference model is the TIE continuity equations using projection thickness as independent variable, is expressed as：
For remaining light intensity after X-ray transparent shale samples, wherein, the remaining light intensity detector recording, IinFor X-ray
Incident intensity, d is the distance between shale samples and detector, and δ is the phase factor of shale samples,Calculated for Laplce
Son, μ is the linear absorption coefficient of shale samples, and T (r) represents the projection thickness of shale samples.
With reference to the first possible embodiment of first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide second of first aspect
Possible embodiment, wherein, phase is constructed for the dry of data for projection using the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE of X-ray
Disturbing model also includes：
OrderF=e-μT(r),The interference model is in the noisy bar in laboratory
The observation data obtained under part by the remaining light intensity of the detector recording are expressed as：
Wherein error is the noise of laboratory.
With reference to second of possible embodiment of first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the third of first aspect
Possible embodiment, wherein, the sliding-model control based on spatial domain is carried out to the interference model, the calculation of spatial domain discretization is obtained
Sub- equation includes：
It is rightIn second-order differential operatorIn spatial domain weighting table is carried out around at 5 points
Reach, draw the spatial domain discretization expression-form of the second-order differential operator：
Wherein, i, j represent the mesh point of different directions；
By the second-order differential operator in interference modelIt is arranged to the spatial domain discretization expression shape of the second-order differential operator
Formula, draws the spatial domain discretization operator A of interference model.
With reference to second of possible embodiment of first aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the 4th of first aspect kind
Possible embodiment, wherein, using the data for projection after denoising correction process as spatial domain discretization operator equation input
Data, show that phasing data for projection includes：Using regularization method, Tikhonov regularization model is set up, using iteration
Method solves the spatial domain discretization operator equation, wherein, Tikhonov regularization model is expressed as：
Wherein, min represents to minimize,For object function, f is phasing data for projection, and u is represented containing phase
The data for projection of position information, mathematic sign：=definition is represented, A represents that the spatial domain discretization drawn according to the interference model is calculated
Son, α is regularization factors (α>0),Represent l2Norm.
Second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of shale space imaging device, and the device includes：Data for projection is obtained
Modulus block, for carrying out X-ray scanning to shale samples, obtains the data for projection of X-ray scanning；Denoising module, is used for
Denoising correction process is carried out to data for projection；Interference model builds module, for the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation using X-ray
TIE constructs interference model of the phase for the data for projection；Sliding-model control module, for carrying out interference model based on sky
Between domain sliding-model control, obtain spatial domain discretization operator equation；Equation solution module, for by after denoising correction process
Data for projection draws phasing data for projection as the input data of spatial domain discretization operator equation, wherein, the phase school
Orthographic projection data are the data for projection without phase information；Result display module, for utilizing filter back-projection algorithm to phase
Corrected projection data is handled, and obtains the image of shale samples.
With reference to second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the possible embodiment of the first of second aspect, wherein, do
Disturbing model construction module includes：Selected phase shift absorptance unit, for the light intensity and the priori of shale samples according to X-ray
Information selectes phase shift absorptance, wherein, the prior information includes linear absorption coefficient and the suction of shale samples main component
Receive side information；Interference model characterization unit, for doing unicity it is assumed that obtaining interference model to phase shift absorptance, wherein,
The interference model is the TIE continuity equations using projection thickness as independent variable, is expressed as：
Remaining light intensity after the shale samples described in X-ray transparent, wherein, the remaining light intensity detector recording, IinFor X
The incident intensity of ray, d is the distance between shale samples and detector, and δ is the phase factor of shale samples,For La Pula
This operator, μ is the linear absorption coefficient of shale samples, and T (r) represents the projection thickness of shale samples.
With reference to the first possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide second of second aspect
Possible embodiment, wherein, the interference model, which builds module, also to be included：Noise jamming model characterization unit, for characterizing reality
Testing room has interference model under noise situations, orderF=e-μT(r),The interference model
The observation data obtained under the conditions of laboratory is noisy by the remaining light intensity of detector recording are expressed as：
Wherein error is the noise of laboratory.
With reference to second of possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the third of second aspect
Possible embodiment, wherein, sliding-model control module includes：Second-order differential operator discretization unit, for second differnce
Operator carries out discretization, rightIn second-order differential operator5 points of progress around in spatial domain
Weighting table reaches, and draws the spatial domain discretization expression-form of second-order differential operator：
Wherein, i, j represent the mesh point of different directions；
With reference to second of possible embodiment of second aspect, the embodiments of the invention provide the 4th of second aspect kind
Possible embodiment, wherein, equation solution module includes：Regularization unit, for utilizing regularization method, sets up Ji Hongnuo
Husband's regularization model, using alternative manner solution room domain discretization operator equation, wherein the Tikhonov regularization model table
It is shown as：
Wherein, min represents to minimize,For object function, f is phasing data for projection, and u is represented containing phase
The data for projection of position information, mathematic sign：=definition is represented, A represents the spatial domain discretization drawn according to interference model
Operator, α is regularization factors (α>0),Represent l2Norm.
Shale samples are swept by the method and apparatus of shale hole imaging provided in an embodiment of the present invention using X-ray
Retouch, obtain the data for projection of X-ray scanning, construction phase carries out base for the interference model of data for projection to the interference model
In the sliding-model control of spatial domain, spatial domain discretization operator equation is obtained, is solved with regularization method, show that phasing is thrown
Shadow data, the image of the shale hole based on spatial domain is obtained using filter back-projection algorithm according to phasing data for projection.
The research that the method that this use spatial domain is solved is imaged to shale hole, while imaging resolution is improved, reduction
The interference of phase information, and reduce relative error, the resistance effect to noise is also shown, so as to be easier identification and shale
The relevant small pore dimension of gas reservoir spatial connectivity, can enter to nanoscale pore throat, the millimeter-micron order hole of shale samples
Row is more fine to be portrayed.
Further, shale hole imaging method and device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, set up the solution based on spatial domain
Model is solved using iteration Tikhonov regularization method, is relatively stablized, the imaging results under high-resolution.With it is general
Imaging method based on frequency domain is compared, and this method finds there is less relative error in numerical experiment, imaging knot
Fruit the advantage such as is not influenceed by neighboring pixel value in detail.Simultaneously compared with the straight solution of spatial domain, lucky flood promise husband's iteration canonical
Change method has resisted obvious advantage for noise, is effectively reduced multi-solution.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate
Appended accompanying drawing, is described in detail below.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be attached to what is used required in embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of flow chart for shale hole imaging method that the embodiment of the present invention is provided；
Fig. 2 shows a kind of structured flowchart for the hollow imaging device of shale that the embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
Middle accompanying drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
It is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.The present invention being generally described and illustrated herein in the accompanying drawings is real
Applying the component of example can be arranged and be designed with a variety of configurations.Therefore, it is of the invention to what is provided in the accompanying drawings below
The detailed description of embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected reality of the present invention
Apply example.Based on embodiments of the invention, the institute that those skilled in the art are obtained on the premise of creative work is not made
There is other embodiment, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The method for directly utilizing phase imaging by filter function in frequency domain in view of being focused mostly in correlation technique, imaging
Limited resolution, and easily disturbed by local value, the problem of causing unstable result, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of shale
Hole imaging method and device, are described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
The flow chart of shale hole imaging method shown in Figure 1, this method comprises the following steps：
Shale samples are carried out X-ray scanning, obtain the data for projection of X-ray scanning by step S102.
Above-mentioned that the process that shale samples carry out X-ray scanning is carried out in laboratory conditions, the X-ray source can be
Shale samples are scanned and obtain data for projection by source of parallel light, wherein, phase of the data for projection comprising shale samples is believed
Breath.
Step S104, denoising correction process is carried out to data for projection.
The data for projection of above-mentioned shale samples is that in laboratory conditions shale samples are carried out with the bag that X-ray scanning is obtained
Data for projection containing phase information, it is contemplated that noise and error can be produced under laboratory condition, including is brought by X-ray source
Bright details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues noise, setting position skew and some unforeseen noises, wherein, noise for bright details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues and due to dress
The error that seated position skew is brought can be corrected.Based on this, above-mentioned steps S104 can include：Data for projection is gone
Except bright details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues noise and setting position offset correction are handled.
Step S106, interference mould of the phase for data for projection is constructed using the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE of X-ray
Type.
It is various in view of the complex pore structure of shale samples, in concrete operations, first according to the light intensity and shale of X-ray
The prior information of sample selectes phase shift absorptance, wherein, prior information includes the linear absorption of shale samples main component
Coefficient and ABSORPTION EDGE information, and unicity is done to the phase shift absorptance it is assumed that light intensity and light intensity further according to X-ray are propagated
Equation TIE constructs phase for the interference model of data for projection, is expressed as：
It is above-mentionedFor X-ray transparent shale samples, the remaining light intensity after light intensity attenuation, the remaining light intensity can pass through detection
Device, which is recorded, to be known, IinFor the incident intensity of X-ray, d is the distance between shale samples and detector, and δ is the phase of shale samples
Location factor,For Laplace operator, μ is the linear absorption coefficient of shale samples, and T (r) represents the projection thickness of shale samples.
OrderF=e-μT(r),And in view of in laboratory conditions can not
The influence of noise of precognition, the interference model is expressed as：
Wherein, error is the noise of laboratory, and the noise includes unforeseen after step S104 denoising correction process
Noise, ueIt can be obtained by the remaining light intensity of X-ray of above-mentioned detector recording.Based on this, above-mentioned steps S106 can include：Root
Phase shift absorptance is selected according to the light intensity of X-ray and the prior information of shale samples, wherein, prior information includes shale samples
The linear absorption coefficient and ABSORPTION EDGE information of main component, do unicity it is assumed that and considering laboratory to phase shift absorptance
Under the conditions of influence of noise obtain interference model.
Step S108, carries out the sliding-model control based on spatial domain to interference model, obtains spatial domain discretization operator side
Journey.
The interference model that above-mentioned steps S106 is obtained is a continuous equation, includes second-order differential operatorThe operator
Represent to seek second dervative to function in continuity equation.Need computer to be solved in view of above-mentioned model, thus to this two
Order difference operator sliding-model control, in spatial domain, 5 points of progress weighting tables reach around, draw the sky of the second-order differential operator
Between domain discrete expression form：
Wherein, i, j represent the mesh point of different directions, willIn second-order differential operatorIf
Be set to above-mentioned spatial domain discretization expression-form, draw spatial domain discretization operator A, in the specific implementation, by the spatial domain from
Dispersion operator A is updated in two dimension or three dimensions domain discretization operator equation and calculated.It is above-mentioned to enter the interference model
The capable sliding-model control based on spatial domain, in imaging process, reaches the corresponding physical size of each pixel
50nm, and then realize the shale pore structure imaging of nanoscale.
Step S110, using the data for projection after denoising correction process as spatial domain discretization operator equation input number
According to drawing phasing data for projection.
Data for projection after above-mentioned denoising correction process is input to spatial domain discretization operator equation, computer pair is utilized
The spatial domain discretization operator equation is solved, it is contemplated that the ill-posedness of the solution procedure, is asked with regularization method
Solution, sets up Tikhonov regularization model, and calculating process is completed using iteration Tikhonov regularization method, wherein, Ji flood
Promise husband's regularization model is expressed as：
Wherein, min represents to minimize,For object function, f is phasing data for projection, and u is represented containing phase
The data for projection of position information, mathematic sign：=represent definition, A represent the spatial domain that is drawn according to the interference model from
Dispersion operator, α is regularization factors (α>0),Represent l2Norm.In specific implementation process, the solution procedure includes：
(1), input regularization parameter (α>0), record X-ray total number kmax, make k:=1, wherein, the regularization parameter
Chosen according to the prior information of the discretization degree of shale samples and main matter.
(2) if, k>kmax, skip to step (5)；Otherwise, i=0 is set, Represent in the case where there are noise situations
The result of 0th iteration.
(3), performed using Gaussian reduction I=i
+1；Wherein, I is unit matrix, A*For the transposition of matrix A,
Return to step (3), until,Wherein, ε0For terminal parameter, given by user, one
As set ε0=10-3。
(4), performK=k+1；WhereinRepresent by i iteration
Kth bar ray projection, by the phase recovery result using α as after regular parameter iteration.It is then back to step (2).
(5), output final data fα,e。
Wherein, above-mentioned final data fα,eFor phasing data for projection.Based on this, above-mentioned steps S110 can include：Will
Data for projection after denoising, using regularization method, sets up lucky as the input data of spatial domain discretization operator equation
Big vast promise husband regularization model, completes calculating process by iteration Tikhonov regularization method, draws phasing data for projection.
Step S112, is handled phasing data for projection using filter back-projection algorithm, obtains shale samples
Image.
Shale samples are scanned by the method in above-described embodiment 1 using X-ray, obtain the projection number of X-ray scanning
According to construction phase carries out the sliding-model control based on spatial domain to the interference model, obtained for the interference model of data for projection
Spatial domain discretization operator equation, is solved with regularization method, is drawn phasing data for projection, is utilized filter back-projection algorithm
The image of the shale hole based on spatial domain, the method pair that this use spatial domain is solved are obtained according to phasing data for projection
The research that shale hole is imaged, while imaging resolution is improved, reduces the interference of phase information, and reduce relative
Error, also shows the resistance effect to noise, so as to be easier to recognize the small chi relevant with shale gas reservoir space connectedness
Hole is spent, more fine portray can be carried out to the nanoscale pore throats of shale samples, millimeter-micron order hole.
Embodiment 2
The method provided corresponding to above-described embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of dress of shale space imaging
Put, referring to Fig. 2, the device is included with lower module：
Data for projection acquisition module 202, for carrying out X-ray scanning to shale samples, obtains the projection number of X-ray scanning
According to, wherein, the data for projection includes the phase information of shale samples.
Denoising module 204, for carrying out denoising correction process to data for projection, can remove bright details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues noise and right
The position skew of device is corrected in experiment.
Interference model build module 206, for using X-ray light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE construction phase for
The interference model of data for projection, wherein, the interference mould that the interference model obtains for the influence of noise under conditions of consideration laboratory
Type.
Sliding-model control module 208, for carrying out the sliding-model control based on spatial domain to above-mentioned interference model, obtains sky
Between domain discretization operator equation, in the specific implementation, it is contemplated that above-mentioned model needs computer to be solved, therefore to above-mentioned dry
The second-order differential operator sliding-model control in model is disturbed, 5 points of progress weighting tables reach around in spatial domain, draw the second order
The spatial domain discrete expression form of difference operator.
Equation solution module 210, for regarding the data for projection after denoising correction process as spatial domain discretization operator side
The input data of journey, draws phasing data for projection, wherein, the phasing data for projection is the projection without phase information
Data；The spatial domain discretization operator equation of the present embodiment, is solved using regularization method, when it is implemented, setting up Ji Hongnuo
Husband's regularization model, completes calculating process by iteration Tikhonov regularization method, draws phasing data for projection.
Result display module 212, for being handled using filter back-projection algorithm above-mentioned phasing data for projection,
Obtain the image of shale samples.
Shale samples are scanned by said apparatus using X-ray, obtain the data for projection of X-ray scanning, construct phase
For the interference model of data for projection, the sliding-model control based on spatial domain is carried out to the interference model, spatial domain is obtained discrete
Change operator equation, solved with regularization method, draw phasing data for projection, using filter back-projection algorithm according to phase school
Orthographic projection data obtain the image of the shale hole based on spatial domain, and the method that this use spatial domain is solved is entered to shale hole
The research of row imaging, while imaging resolution is improved, reduces the interference of phase information, and reduces relative error, also table
Reveal the resistance effect to noise, so as to be easier to recognize the small pore dimension relevant with shale gas reservoir space connectedness, energy
Enough nanoscale pore throats to shale samples, millimeter-micrometer grade hole crack carry out more fine portray.
When implementing, above-mentioned interference model, which builds module 206, also to be included with lower unit：
Selected phase shift absorptance unit, phase is selected for the light intensity and the prior information of shale samples according to X-ray
Absorptance is moved in displacement, wherein, prior information includes the linear absorption coefficient and ABSORPTION EDGE information of shale samples main component；
Interference model characterization unit, for doing unicity it is assumed that obtaining interference model to phase shift absorptance, wherein,
The interference model is the TIE continuity equations using projection thickness as independent variable, is expressed as：
For remaining light intensity after X-ray transparent shale samples, wherein, the remaining light intensity detector recording, IinFor X-ray
Incident intensity, d is the distance between shale samples and detector, and δ is the phase factor of shale samples,Calculated for Laplce
Son, μ is the linear absorption coefficient of shale samples, and T (r) represents the projection thickness of shale samples.
Noise jamming model characterization unit, has interference model under noise situations, order for characterizing laboratoryF=e-μT(r),The interference model passes through inspection under the conditions of laboratory is noisy
The observation data that the remaining light intensity of survey device record is obtained are expressed as：
Wherein error is the noise of laboratory.
When implementing, above-mentioned sliding-model control module 208 also includes with lower unit：
Second-order differential operator discretization unit, it is right for carrying out discretization to second-order differential operatorIn second-order differential operatorIn spatial domain, 5 points of progress weighting tables reach around, draw second order
The spatial domain discretization expression-form of difference operator：
Wherein, i, j represent the mesh point of different directions.
When implementing, above-mentioned equation solution module 210 also includes with lower unit：
Regularization unit, for utilizing regularization method, is set up Tikhonov regularization model, is solved using alternative manner
Spatial domain discretization operator equation, wherein, the Tikhonov regularization model is expressed as：
Wherein, min represents to minimize,For object function, f is phasing data for projection, and u is represented containing phase
The data for projection of position information, mathematic sign：=definition is represented, A represents the spatial domain discretization operator drawn according to interference model,
α is regularization factors (α>0),Represent l2Norm.
The technique effect and preceding method embodiment phase of the device that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, its realization principle and generation
Together, to briefly describe, device embodiment part does not refer to part, refers to corresponding contents in preceding method embodiment.
The device of the shale hole imaging provided in above-described embodiment 2, by setting up the solving model based on spatial domain, and
Solved using iteration Tikhonov regularization method, obtained the imaging results under relatively stable, high-resolution, can be to shale
The nanoscale pore throat of sample, millimeter-micron order hole carry out more fine portray.
Flow chart and structured flowchart in accompanying drawing show method, device and the calculating of multiple embodiments according to the present invention
Architectural framework in the cards, function and the operation of machine program product.At this point, each square frame in flow chart or block diagram can
To represent a module, program segment or a part for code, a part for the module, program segment or code includes one or many
The individual executable instruction for being used to realize defined logic function.It should also be noted that in some realizations as replacement, in square frame
The function of being marked can also be with different from the order marked in accompanying drawing generation.For example, two continuous square frames actually may be used
To perform substantially in parallel, they can also be performed in the opposite order sometimes, and this is depending on involved function.It is also noted that
, the combination of each square frame in block diagram and/or flow chart and the square frame in block diagram and/or flow chart can be with performing
Defined function or the special hardware based system of action realize, or can use specialized hardware and computer instruction
Combine to realize.
, can be by other in several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed method and apparatus
Mode realize.Device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, the division of the unit, only one
Kind of division of logic function, can there is other dividing mode when actually realizing, in another example, multiple units or component can combine or
Person is desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or does not perform.Another, shown or discussed is mutual
Between coupling or direct-coupling or communication connection can be the INDIRECT COUPLING or logical of device or unit by some communication interfaces
Letter connection, can be electrical, machinery or other forms.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the invention can be integrated in a processing unit, can also
That unit is individually physically present, can also two or more units it is integrated in a unit.
If the function is realized using in the form of SFU software functional unit and is used as independent production marketing or in use, can be with
It is stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Understood based on such, technical scheme is substantially in other words
The part contributed to prior art or the part of the technical scheme can be embodied in the form of software product, the meter
Calculation machine software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are to cause a computer equipment (can be individual
People's computer, server, or network equipment etc.) perform all or part of step of each of the invention embodiment methods described.
And foregoing storage medium includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only Memory), arbitrary access are deposited
Reservoir (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc. are various can be with the medium of store program codes.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all be contained
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of shale hole imaging method, it is characterised in that including：
X-ray scanning is carried out to shale samples, the data for projection of X-ray scanning is obtained；
Denoising correction process is carried out to the data for projection；
Interference model of the phase for the data for projection is constructed using the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE of the X-ray；
Sliding-model control based on spatial domain is carried out to the interference model, spatial domain discretization operator equation is obtained；
Using the data for projection after denoising correction process as the input data of the spatial domain discretization operator equation, phase is drawn
Corrected projection data, wherein, the phasing data for projection is the data for projection without phase information；
The phasing data for projection is handled using filter back-projection algorithm, the image of the shale samples is obtained.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that utilize the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE of the X-ray
Construction phase includes for the interference model of the data for projection：
Phase shift absorptance is selected according to the light intensity of the X-ray and the prior information of the shale samples, wherein, the elder generation
Test linear absorption coefficient and ABSORPTION EDGE information of the information including the shale samples main component；
Unicity is done it is assumed that obtaining the interference model to the phase shift absorptance, wherein, the interference model is with throwing
Shadow thickness is the TIE continuity equations of independent variable, is expressed as：
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>&delta;</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mo>&dtri;</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
<msup>
<mi>e</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>r</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msubsup>
<mi>I</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
</msubsup>
<msup>
<mi>I</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Remaining light intensity after the shale samples described in the X-ray transparent, wherein, the remaining light intensity detector recording, Iin
For the incident intensity of the X-ray, d is the distance between the shale samples and described detector, and δ is the shale samples
Phase factor,For Laplace operator, μ is the linear absorption coefficient of the shale samples, and T (r) represents the shale samples
Projection thickness.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that utilize the light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE of the X-ray
Construction phase also includes for the interference model of the data for projection：
OrderF=e-μT(r),The interference model is in the noisy condition in laboratory
The observation data obtained by the remaining light intensity of the detector recording down are expressed as：
Wherein error is the noise of laboratory.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the discretization based on spatial domain is carried out to the interference model
Processing, obtaining spatial domain discretization operator equation includes：
It is rightIn second-order differential operatorIn spatial domain, 5 points of progress weighting tables reach around, draw
The spatial domain discretization expression-form of the second-order differential operator：
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
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</mrow>
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<mi>a</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
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<mi>j</mi>
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</mrow>
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<msub>
<mi>a</mi>
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</msub>
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<mrow>
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</msub>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
Wherein, i, j represent the mesh point of different directions；
By the second-order differential operator in the interference modelIt is arranged to the spatial domain discretization expression of the second-order differential operator
Form, draws the spatial domain discretization operator A of the interference model.
5. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that regard the data for projection after denoising correction process as the sky
Between domain discretization operator equation input data, show that phasing data for projection includes：
Using regularization method, Tikhonov regularization model is set up, solving the spatial domain discretization using alternative manner calculates
Sub- equation, wherein, the Tikhonov regularization model is expressed as：
Wherein, min represents to minimize,For object function, f is phasing data for projection, and u represents to believe containing phase
The data for projection of breath, mathematic sign：=definition is represented, A represents the spatial domain discretization drawn according to the interference model
Operator, α is regularization factors (α ＞ 0),Represent l2Norm.
6. a kind of shale hole imaging device, it is characterised in that including：
Data for projection acquisition module, for carrying out X-ray scanning to shale samples, obtains the data for projection of X-ray scanning；
Denoising module, for carrying out denoising correction process to the data for projection；
Interference model builds module, and phase is constructed for described for light intensity and light intensity propagation equation TIE using the X-ray
The interference model of data for projection；
Sliding-model control module, for the interference model carry out the sliding-model control based on spatial domain, obtain spatial domain from
Dispersion operator equation；
Equation solution module, for regarding the data for projection after denoising correction process as the spatial domain discretization operator equation
Input data, draws phasing data for projection, wherein, the phasing data for projection is the projection number without phase information
According to；
Result display module, for being handled using filter back-projection algorithm the phasing data for projection, obtains institute
State the image of shale samples.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the interference model, which builds module, to be included：
Selected phase shift absorptance unit, is selected for the light intensity according to the X-ray and the prior information of the shale samples
Phase bit moves absorptance, wherein, the prior information includes linear absorption coefficient and the suction of the shale samples main component
Receive side information；
Interference model characterization unit, for doing unicity to the phase shift absorptance it is assumed that obtaining the interference model, its
In, the interference model is the TIE continuity equations using projection thickness as independent variable, is expressed as：
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>d</mi>
<mi>&delta;</mi>
</mrow>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
</mfrac>
<msup>
<mo>&dtri;</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
<msup>
<mi>e</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>&mu;</mi>
<mi>T</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>r</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</msup>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfrac>
<msubsup>
<mi>I</mi>
<mi>&theta;</mi>
<mi>d</mi>
</msubsup>
<msup>
<mi>I</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mi>n</mi>
</mrow>
</msup>
</mfrac>
</mrow>
Remaining light intensity after the shale samples described in the X-ray transparent, wherein, the remaining light intensity detector recording, Iin
For the incident intensity of the X-ray, d is the distance between the shale samples and described detector, and δ is the shale samples
Phase factor,For Laplace operator, μ is the linear absorption coefficient of the shale samples, and T (r) represents the shale samples
Projection thickness.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the interference model, which builds module, also to be included：
Noise jamming model characterization unit, has the interference model under noise situations, order for characterizing laboratoryF=e-μT(r),The interference model passes through under the conditions of laboratory is noisy
The observation data that the remaining light intensity of the detector recording is obtained are expressed as：
Wherein error is the noise of laboratory.
9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the sliding-model control module includes：
Second-order differential operator discretization unit, it is right for carrying out discretization to the second-order differential operator
In second-order differential operatorIn spatial domain, 5 points of progress weighting tables reach around, draw the sky of the second-order differential operator
Between domain discretization expression-form：
<mfenced open = "{" close = "">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<mrow>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<msup>
<mo>&part;</mo>
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<mi>j</mi>
</mrow>
</msub>
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<mi>x</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
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</mrow>
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<mo>&ap;</mo>
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<mi>&delta;</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msup>
<mi>f</mi>
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</msup>
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</mrow>
</msub>
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<msub>
<mi>a</mi>
<mn>4</mn>
</msub>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mrow>
<mi>i</mi>
<mo>,</mo>
<mi>j</mi>
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</mrow>
</msub>
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<msub>
<mi>a</mi>
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</msub>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mrow>
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<mi>j</mi>
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</mrow>
</msub>
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</mrow>
</mrow>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
Wherein, i, j represent the mesh point of different directions.
10. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the equation solution module includes：
Regularization unit, for utilizing regularization method, sets up Tikhonov regularization model, is solved using alternative manner described
Spatial domain discretization operator equation, wherein the Tikhonov regularization model is expressed as：
Wherein, min represents to minimize,For object function, f is phasing data for projection, and u represents to believe containing phase
The data for projection of breath, mathematic sign：=definition is represented, A represents the spatial domain discretization drawn according to the interference model
Operator, α is regularization factors (α ＞ 0),Represent l2Norm.
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| CN108230418B (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-03-19 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Shale CT image reconstructing method and device |
| CN116921269B (en) * | 2023-09-18 | 2024-01-23 | 无锡日联科技股份有限公司 | Semiconductor X-ray 3D automatic detection system and detection method |
| CN117827496B (en) * | 2024-03-04 | 2024-05-07 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Rock CT (computed tomography) scanning-side reconstruction method integrating filtering back projection and expert system |
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| CN104729904A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Complicated rock core preparation method based on CT scanning and 3D printing |
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| CN104729904A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-06-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Complicated rock core preparation method based on CT scanning and 3D printing |
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