CN105956504A - RFID network planning method by adopting curling simulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an RFID network planning method by adopting curling simulation. Firstly, a reader model is constructed by means of curling simulation, and reader movement and collision operations are designed; a reader is constructed; movement and collision operations of the reader in a work area are defined; the reader keeps on conducting movement and collision motion search in the work area, and a motion operation of the reader is completed until the number of times the reader has moved is greater than the preset maximum threshold number of movements; a new reader is constructed, the number of the readers is increased by one, and the coverage rate COV of marks by all the readers in the work area at the moment is calculated, until the coverage rate is greater than the preset minimum coverage threshold; RFID network optimization is completed, elimination operation is performed on the readers, and an RFID network optimization scheme is output. The RFID network planning method of the invention makes it possible to quickly and effectively obtain optimization results, combines with the reader eliminating operation, allows adaptive determination of the number of the readers, and is applicable to engineering RFID network optimization.

Description

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion

Technical field

The invention belongs to engineering optimization art field, particularly to RFID network optimization, specifically a kind of simulation ice The RFID network planing method fast and effectively of kettle motion, for the optimization of RFID network.

Background technology

Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is an important automatic identification technology.Unlimited REID has perhaps Many application, such as in supply chain problem, before production, install RFID label tag additional to each parts, when product goes out to ask During topic, can the quick and precisely source of tracing problem parts and obtain the letter of problem component by reading data in RFID label tag Breath.In stock control, each article in warehouse being added RFID label tag, the reader in warehouse reads in RFID label tag Data are also transferred to central computer, and the information that reader sends integrated by central computer, it is possible to adds up stock fast and accurately The information of article in quantity and acquisition stock.Owing to the detection range of reader is limited and the quantity of label is more, infinitely penetrates Frequently identification system generally comprises multiple reader.How to go the setting quantity of reader and the position of these readers of layout is one Individual highly important technical problem.The quantity of reader is very few, the coverage rate of label in network can be made too low, reader quantity Too much, then the waste of resource can be caused.When different readers detect a label simultaneously, can interfere between reader, Make data transmission unreliable.Increasing scholar devises various method to optimize RFID network, determines required reader Number and the position of layout reader.Therefore, design the most effective a kind of RFID network planing method and be still the weight of research Want direction, can not only cost-effective pay, moreover it is possible to strengthen the stability of RFID network.

Scheme one, " the RFID network topology design based on genetic that Botero etc. delivers algorithms”(《IEEE International Conference on RFID-technologies and Applications ", article is numbered: 300-305 (2011)), and the core of this article is to use genetic algorithm encoding to solution space Scanning for, concrete way is to encode position and the power of reader with the individual string in population, is covered by label Lid rate, the index such as jamming rate is as fitness function, and search each time is referred to as a generation, retains fitness in population in each generation The individuality that function is maximum, until meeting certain end condition.

Scheme two, " the Optimizing RFID network planning by using a that Y.Gong etc. delivers particle swarm optimization algorithm with redundant reader elimination” (" IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics ", article numbering: 900-912 (2012)), this article Core be use particle cluster algorithm solution space is scanned for, concrete way is to read problem with the particle in population Position and the power of reading device encode, and tag coverage, jamming rate, load balance and business efficiency is excellent as evaluating particle Bad function, optimizes each particle in colony with particle individual optimal solution and particle current population globally optimal solution, ties simultaneously Close the number of reader in unnecessary reader dispelling tactics change particle, constantly update the information of particle in population and retain function It is worth big particle, until meeting certain end condition.

During realizing the present invention, inventor finds that prior art at least there is problems in that

The search volume of scheme one takies relatively big, and needs first to define the concrete number of reader, reader before search Number be the most rationally largely fixed the result of RFID network planning, and in practical engineering application, estimate rationally Reader number be often a relatively difficult problem；Although and in scheme two can in search procedure self adaptation true Determine the number of reader, but amount of calculation is relatively big, is very difficult to apply in extensive problem.In engineering along with data processing amount not Disconnected increasing, mass data processing problem becomes more and more important, even if technical scheme can realize excellent results, but the data of magnanimity Place comprehends and causes cannot realizing of Practical Project.

Summary of the invention

Exist computationally intensive to solve genetic algorithm and particle cluster algorithm in prior art, it is impossible to self adaptation determines reading The technical problem of device number, the invention provides one self adaptation fast and effectively and determines reader number and rational mould Intend the RFID network planing method of curling.

The present invention is the RFID network planing method of a kind of simulated curling motion, it is characterised in that described simulated curling is transported Dynamic RFID network planing method, comprises the following steps that

Step one, simulated curling motion build reader model, the mobile operation of simulated curling motion design reader with Impact operations；

1.1 build reader model, and the RFID network working region that will optimize is defined as curling field, working region Smooth planar has border, and label to be capped in engineering is dispersed among working region, and reader passes through in working region Move into line search；

The mobile operation of 1.2 design readers, reader moves operation and has following feature, has the region surface of label to rub Wiping coefficient relatively big, the region surface coefficient of friction not having label is zero, and reader moves in working region when running into label and can be subject to To the effect of frictional force, each other without effect between reader；

The impact operations of 1.3 design readers, reader impact operations has following feature, and reader runs into working region Can be shot back during border, reader collisionless effect each other, also collisionless effect, collision time between reader and label Ignoring, collision frequency is ignored；

Step 2, according to one reader of reader model construction；

Step 3, the reader mobile operation in working region, reader is (x in the current location of working region₀, y₀), in a given traveling time Δ t, calculate the mobile end point position (x of reader₁,y₁), if (x₁,y₁) be positioned at Inside working region, then with mobile end point position (x₁,y₁) update reader current location (x₀,y₀), and this reader is moved Dynamic number of times adds 1, and reader continues search in working region；If in a given traveling time Δ t, reader moves End point position is not inside working region, then definition reader does not does mobile operation, need not (x₁,y₁) amendment reader current Position (x₀,y₀)；

Step 4, reader impact operations in working region, in a given traveling time Δ t, if reading Device mobile end point not inside working region, then assert that reader has carried out impact operations, and reader is on limit, working region The a certain position of edge collides, and this Position of collision point is (x`, y`), and the size of collision rift reader speed is constant, and direction occurs Change, calculate and obtain according to elastic collision under reader speed v ` collided and reader velocity attitude θ `, and correction Once moving a traveling time Δ t of operation, reader continues search in working region；

Step 5, repeated execution of steps three to step 4, reader carries out motion search in working region always, until The reader of this reader moves number of times more than when presetting the mobile frequency threshold value of maximum, completes the operation to this reader, now, At definition reading device position, the label in power radius is covered by this reader；

Step 6, repetition step 2, to step 5, builds new reader, and the number of reader adds 1, and by capped mark The ratio signed is as coverage rate COV, until coverage rate is more than presetting minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value；

Step 7, completes RFID network planning, the whole readers in described working region carries out reader and eliminates behaviour Make, complete the operation to readers all in working region, and export RFID network programme.

Compared with prior art, the technical advantage of the present invention:

(1) taxiing procedures of curling stone in being moved by simulated curling, is regarded reader as curling stone and slides in working region Scanning for optimizing, the label in working region provides resistance to hinder reader to slide and stops so that reader and cover label, Use kinematic method, optimize RFID network problem from a new angle.

(2) by using frictional force this physics law of inhibition to moving object in kinesiology, reader is seen Becoming to slide in working region, each label provides a part of frictional force, finally makes reader can effectively be parked in mark Sign a fairly large number of region.For the label covered by reader, reduce the frictional force that these labels provide so that coating The inhibition of other readers is reduced by the label of lid, it is to avoid reader repeats to cover same label.Above feature makes this Inventive method can optimize the position of reader effectively and simply.

(3) number of reader is increased successively in the starting stage due to the present invention, until the coverage rate of RFID network meets Engine request, and combine the operation that certain unnecessary reader eliminates so that the present invention can read in the distribution of efficient adaptive ground Read the quantity of device, simultaneously as single reader has been searched for and placed into second reader afterwards and scan for rather than just The substantial amounts of reader of beginningization scans for, and this feature makes amount of calculation of the present invention relatively small, it is possible to realize rapidly reading The layout of device.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic block diagram of the RFID network planing method of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the brief schematic flow sheet of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the simplified model schematic diagram of the reader that the present invention provides；

Fig. 4 is that reader of the present invention moves operation chart；

Fig. 5 is reader impact operations schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is the working region schematic diagram of the present invention；

The experimental result analogous diagram that Fig. 7 is invented, wherein,

Fig. 7 (a) is the result schematic diagram that data set C_30 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (b) is the result schematic diagram that data set C_50 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (c) is the result schematic diagram that data set C_100 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (d) is the result schematic diagram that data set R_30 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (e) is the result schematic diagram that data set R_50 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (f) is the result schematic diagram that data set R_100 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (g) is the result schematic diagram that data set C_500 is emulated by the present invention；

Fig. 7 (h) is the result schematic diagram that data set R_500 is emulated by the present invention；

The coverage rate that Fig. 8 is the present invention all to be emulated data set C_100 with genetic algorithm, particle cluster algorithm is in time Result of variations comparative graph；

The jamming rate that Fig. 9 is the present invention all to be emulated data set C_100 with genetic algorithm, particle cluster algorithm is in time Result of variations comparative graph.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.

Embodiment 1

The present invention is the RFID network planing method fast and effectively of a kind of simulated curling motion, sees Fig. 1,

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion, comprises the following steps that

Step one, simulated curling motion build reader model, the mobile operation of simulated curling motion design reader with Impact operations.Curling stone can slide on ice face, can be slowed down by the effect of frictional force in taxiing procedures, if curling field Surrounding has border, curling stone can be rebounded by border when sliding into border, given certain initial velocity by curling stone in curling field Sliding, after a period of time, curling stone can be parked among curling field, according to this motion artifacts, reader is regarded curling stone as, will RFID network working region regards curling field as, and label to be covered in engineering is dispersed among working region, in the present invention Whole optimization process is exactly the process covering label present in engineering, and coverage rate is the highest, and optimum results is the best.

Label can change the coefficient of friction in ice face, hinders sliding of reader, and reader slides into the meeting of border, working region Being shot back, thus design reader moves operation and impact operations, makes the motor process of reader simulated curling in working region In carry out motion search.

1.1 build reader model, and the RFID network working region that will optimize is defined as curling field, working region Smooth planar has border, and label to be capped in engineering is dispersed among working region, and reader passes through in working region Moving into line search, reader is moved in working region by the feature of this modeling curling stone.Reader has certain matter Amount, but the quality of reader can be divided out when calculating acceleration, the mobile nothing impact on reader of the quality of reader, therefore Need not the quality of special definition reader.

The mobile operation of 1.2 design readers, the movement of simulated curling moves, and reader moves operation and has as follows Feature, the region surface coefficient of friction having label is relatively big, and the region surface coefficient of friction not having label is zero, and reader is in working area Moving in territory when running into label and can be acted on by frictional force, each other without effect between reader, mobile operation makes reader Search can be moved in working region.

The impact operations of 1.3 design readers, simulated curling collides with the collision on border, and curling stone slides into sports ground Can be shot back during border, reader impact operations has following feature, can be shot back, read when reader runs into border, working region Reading device collisionless effect each other, also collisionless effect between reader and label, collision time is ignored, collision frequency Ignoring, impact operations changes the velocity attitude of reader, and border makes reader can enter in fixing working region Line search.

Step 2, according to one reader of reader model construction, initializes in the range of given parameter threshold and reads The parameter of device.

Step 3, the reader mobile operation in working region, reader is (x in the current location of working region₀, y₀), in a given traveling time Δ t, calculate the mobile end point position (x of reader₁,y₁), if (x₁,y₁) be positioned at Inside working region, then with mobile end point position (x₁,y₁) update reader current location (x₀,y₀), and this reader is moved Dynamic number of times adds 1, and reader continues search in working region；If in a given traveling time Δ t, reader moves End point position is not inside working region, then definition reader does not does mobile operation, need not (x₁,y₁) amendment reader current Position (x₀,y₀)。

Step 4, reader impact operations in working region, in a given traveling time Δ t, if reading Device mobile end point position not inside working region, then assert that reader has carried out impact operations, now it can be appreciated that Reader mobile end point position is positioned at outside working region, and substantially reader is to occur in a certain position, edge, working region Collision, this Position of collision point is (x`, y`), and the size of collision rift reader speed is constant, and direction changes, according to elastic collision Hit and calculate and obtain reader speed v ` and reader velocity attitude θ ` collided, and the one of operation is moved in correction next time Secondary traveling time Δ t, reader continues search in working region.

Step 5, repeated execution of steps three to step 4, reader carries out motion search in working region always, until The reader of this reader moves number of times more than when presetting the mobile frequency threshold value of maximum, completes the operation to this reader, now, At definition reading device position, the label in power radius is covered by this reader, reader once give traveling time Setting according to Practical Project problem complexity with default maximum mobile frequency threshold value, problem is the most complicated, and reader is once Given traveling time is the least, presets the mobile frequency threshold value of maximum the biggest.

Step 6, repetition step 2, to step 5, builds new reader, and the number of reader adds 1, and by capped mark Sign ratio as coverage rate COV, until coverage rate more than preset minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value, preset minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value according to The minimum coverage rate of engineering problem requires to determine.

Step 7, completes RFID network planning, the whole readers in described working region carries out reader and eliminates behaviour Make, complete the operation to readers all in working region, and export RFID network programme.

The present invention moved by simulated curling in the taxiing procedures of curling stone, reader is regarded curling stone as sliding in working region Dynamic, slip has movement, has collision；The present invention meets minimum vertex-covering rate need in the starting stage by the quantity increasing reader Ask, during it, gradually reader number is added 1, when meeting minimum vertex-covering rate demand, the reader in working region is entered Row is many and reader eliminates operation, effectively reduces data processing amount, and self adaptation can obtain rational reader number.This Bright being moved by simulated curling carries out motion search, and the label in working region provides resistance to hinder reader to slide so that reading Device stops and covers label, uses kinematic method, optimizes RFID network from a new angle.

Embodiment 2

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion, with embodiment 1, is wherein simulated curling and is built in step one Reader model, specifically includes:

Define reader model R (x, y, v, θ, R), including the position coordinates (x, y) of reader, the speed of reader Degree size v, the direction θ of reader speed, and the power radius R of reader.

Wherein according to one reader of reader model construction in step 2, specifically include:

According to this reader model and use random algorithm build reader, in working region random initializtion (x, y), As the position coordinates of reader, random initializtion v and θ in velocity interval, as the initial velocity magnitude and just of reader Beginning velocity attitude, random initializtion R in power radius, as the power radius of reader, R after initialization (x, y, V, θ, R) represent a reader, complete the structure of reader, parameter reader power radius therein is by reader originally The kind of body determines, the position coordinates scope of reader determines according to the regional extent of engineering problem, the direction θ of reader speed For [-π, π], the velocity interval of reader is determined by the complexity of engineering problem.

Embodiment 3

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion is with embodiment 1-2, and wherein, in step 3, reader is in working area Mobile operation in territory, comprises the following steps that

Label in 3.1 scanning current readers power radius, adds up the number of times that these labels are capped respectively, this Labels all can provide a part of frictional force to this reader respectively a bit, and it is secondary that the frictional force that each label provides and label are capped Number is relevant, frictional force summation f that the frictional force that reader is subject to provides for labels all in power radius；

The frictional force that 3.2 are subject to by reader calculates the acceleration a of reader, under the effect of this acceleration, it is stipulated that The frictional force size that in traveling time Δ t, reader is subject to is constant, according to kinesiology formula, by reader current location (x₀,y₀), the speed v that reader is current, the velocity attitude θ of reader, the acceleration a and Δ t of reader calculate reader and move Position (the x of dynamic end point₁,y₁), if this mobile end point is in working region, then complete a moving process, to reading Device moves number of times and adds one, with (x₁,y₁) update reading device position (x₀,y₀), complete the once mobile operation of reader.

Embodiment 4

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion is with embodiment 1-3, wherein, and each mark described in step 3.1 The number of times C signing frictional force f provided capped to label is relevant, and the frictional force that reader is subject to is all labels in power radius Frictional force summation f provided, specifically:

F=-μ × m × g

$f_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N_r}{\Σ}}{\left(\frac{1}{1+C\left(i\right)}\right)}^d$

$\mathrm{\μ}={\mathrm{\μ}}_{min}+({\mathrm{\μ}}_{max}-{\mathrm{\μ}}_{\min })\×\left(\frac{f_n}{N_r}\right)$

Wherein, f_nBeing coefficient of friction controlling elements, C (i) represents that i-th label is covered by reader in current operating region Number of times, N_rRepresenting the number for current readers r power radius interior label, m is the quality of reader, and g is that gravity accelerates Degree, μ is the coefficient of friction that reader is subject to, μ_minIt is coefficient of friction minima, μ_maxBeing coefficient of friction maximum, d is dimension.

Embodiment 5

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion is with embodiment 1-4, and described in step 4, reader is in working area Impact operations in territory, comprises the following steps that

4.1 read described mobile operation mobile end point position (x₁,y₁), by reader current location (x₀,y₀) and mobile End point position (x₁,y₁) determine the collision boundary of this reader and described working region, thus calculate reader from (x₀,y₀) To the time Δ t` of collision boundary, by kinesiology formula, by (x<sub>0</sub>,y<sub>0</sub>), Δ t`, v, θ, and a, calculate and obtain the point of impingement Speed v ` of position (x`, y`) and described reader collision rift and the direction θ ` of reader collision rift speed.

4.2 revise this reader next time moves operation, a described traveling time Δ t deduct reader to collision limit The time on boundary obtains the residue traveling time Δ t` of reader collision rift, reads described in residue traveling time Δ t` renewal next time Read device and move a traveling time Δ t of operation, update the position (x of reader with (x`, y`)₀,y₀), update reader with v` Speed v, the direction θ of speed updating reader with θ `, complete a reader impact operations.

Embodiment 6

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion, with embodiment 1-5, completes RFID network rule described in step 7 The process drawn, comprises the following steps that

The all readers built in 7.1 scanning work regions the quantity adding up each reader covering label, delete Covering number of tags in working region is the reader of 0；For reader remaining in working region, look for from working region every time To covering the reader that number of labels is minimum, will not reduce or reduce if deleting this described reader-tag coverage rate less than pre- If during threshold value, this threshold value can require to set according to concrete engineering, performs deletion action and deletes this described reader, repeats one The reader determining number of times eliminates operation until during coverage rate kept stable, by reader remaining in described working region Position coordinates and power radius are as RFID network programme the performance indications that calculate described RFID network programme.

The invention belongs to engineering optimization field.Including building reader；Reader carries out reader move operation and read Read device impact operations；Described reader unnecessary in working region is carried out unnecessary reader and eliminates operation, by described working area In territory, remaining reading device position and power radius are as RFID network programme the property that calculates RFID network programme Can index.The present invention, by the motion of curling stone in simulated curling project, devises one and plans based on kinematic RFID network Method, it is possible to obtain preferable optimum results fast and effectively, and combine the elimination operation of described unnecessary reader, it is possible to self adaptation Determination described in the quantity of reader.

Embodiment 7

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion, with embodiment 1-6, before processing, needs to set the present invention Parameter and the noun counted are defined, if R (x, y, v, θ, R) represents a reader, wherein (x y) is the position of reader Coordinate, v is the size of reader speed, θ be the direction of reader speed, i.e. θ be the angle of speed and x-axis forward, R for read The power radius of device；COV is the coverage rate of label in working region, and MC is minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value；It is secondary that t represents that reader moves Number, M represents that reader maximum moves frequency threshold value；0₀(x₀,y₀) it is the reader mobile starting point that moves operation, 0₁(x₁,y₁) Move the mobile end point of operation for reader, 0` (x`, y`) is the point of impingement of reader impact operations；TS is tally set, RS It is reader collection, N_tIt is the quantity of label, d_r,tBeing the reader r distance to label t, Radiusr is the power half of reader r Footpath；F is the frictional force that reader is subject to, and m is the quality of reader, and g is acceleration of gravity, and a is the acceleration of reader, and μ is Coefficient of friction, μ_minIt is the minima of coefficient of friction, μ_maxBeing the maximum of coefficient of friction, S is that reader is through a reader The distance of mobile operation movement, Δ t is once moving total time of reader, f_nBeing coefficient of friction controlling elements, d is dimension.

It is the most right to the invention provides in RFID network planing method, this example fast and effectively of a kind of simulated curling motion The RFID network test sample data collection that one comprises 100 labels carries out RFID network optimization, and this data set is according to warehouse The label position data that in management, the position of article generates, the RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion, such as Fig. 1 institute Show, comprise the following steps that

Step one, simulated curling builds reader model.

Step 2, according to one reader of reader model construction:

As it is shown on figure 3, define a reader model and set up a reader R (x, y, v, θ, R), produce one at random Number r ∈ [0,1], the width being multiplied by working region with this random number r obtains x₀, the length of working region it is multiplied by with this random number r Obtain y₀, it is multiplied by velocity magnitude scope with this random number r and obtains v₀, it is multiplied by velocity attitude scope with this random number r and obtains θ₀, use This random number r is multiplied by power radius and obtains R₀, R (x₀,y₀,v₀,θ₀,R₀) represent an initialized reader.Reader All the time there is location parameter, velocity magnitude parameter and velocity attitude parameter, and power radius parameter.

Step 3, the reader mobile operation in working region:

As shown in Figure 4, reader current location in working region is O₀(x₀,y₀), scanning current readers power half Label in footpath also adds up the degree of covering of label respectively, by below equation, is first calculated mark by the degree of covering of each label Sign coefficient of friction controlling elements f to reader_n, by f_n, coefficient of friction minima and coefficient of friction maximum value calculation label are to readding Reading the coefficientoffrictionμ of device, μ combines gravity acceleration g and calculates the acceleration a of reader, the equation of motion obtain and once moving In time Δ t, distance S that reader moves, and have the velocity attitude of this distance S and reader to obtain reader mobile end point O₁(x₁,y₁), reader is moved number of times t and adds 1, the mobile starting point position O of record₀(x₀,y₀) and described mobile end point position O₁(x₁,y₁), reader is from an O₀(x₀,y₀) it is moved to an O₁(x₁,y₁)；

F=-μ × m × g

A=-μ × m × g/m=-μ × g

S=v × Δ t+0.5 × a × Δ t²

x₁=x₀+S×cosθ

y₁=y₀+S×sinθ

$f_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N_r}{\&Sigma;}}{\left(\frac{1}{1+C\left(i\right)}\right)}^d$

$\mathrm{\&mu;}={\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{min}+({\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{max}-{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{min})\&times;\left(\frac{f_n}{N_r}\right)$

Wherein, C (i) represents the number of times that i-th label is covered by reader in current operating region, N_rRepresent for currently The number of reader r power radius interior label.

Step 4, reader impact operations in working region:

As it is shown in figure 5, reader is by current location O₀(x₀,y₀) collide during movement operation, as shown in Figure 6, Being divided into eight pieces of regions and four angles outside working region, concrete division methods is as follows: region I, x_low < x₁< x_up and y₁> y_up；Region II, x₁X_up and y₁≧y_up；Region III, x₁>x_up and y_low<y₁<y_up；Region IV, x₁X_up and y₁≦y_low；Region V, x_low < x₁< x_up and y₁<y_low；Region VI, x₁X_low and y₁≦y_low；Region VII, x₁< X_low and y_low < y₁<y_up；Region VIII, x₁X_low and y₁≧y_up。

According to reader current location O₀(x₀,y₀) and record position O₁(x₁,y₁) judge collision boundary, if O₁(x₁,y₁) position In region I, the most described collision boundary is coboundary；If O₁(x₁,y₁) it being positioned at region II, the most described collision boundary may be top The angle of boundary, right margin or region II, arrives described coboundary and the time of described right margin, when taking by calculating described reader Between be short to reach border be described collision boundary, if the described time is identical, then taking described angle is described collision boundary；Work as O₁(x₁, y₁) in like manner judge collision boundary by the method when being positioned at other region.

After determining described collision boundary, by arriving the time of described collision boundary, the acceleration a of reader, reads The speed v of device, the velocity attitude θ of reader, and reader current location O₀(x₀,y₀) calculate the point of impingement position O` (x`, y `) and reader is in the speed of the point of impingement, at point of impingement O` (x`, y`) place, according to the impact operations figure of Fig. 5, speed before and after collision Identical with the angle of collision boundary, the velocity magnitude of collision rift reader is constant, obtains the speed side of described reader collision rift To velocity magnitude v` of θ ` Yu collision rift reader, update the position O of reader with O` (x`, y`)₀(x₀,y₀)。

Revise this reader next time and move operation, by traveling time Δ t deduct reader to collision boundary time Between obtain the residue traveling time Δ t` of reader collision rift, update the most described reader with residue traveling time Δ t` and move Traveling time Δ t of dynamic operation, updates the position (x of reader with (x`, y`)₀,y₀), the speed of reader is updated with v` V, updates the direction θ of the speed of reader, completes a reader impact operations with θ `.

Step 5, repeated execution of steps three to step 4, reader carries out motion search in working region always, until The reader of this reader moves number of times more than when presetting the mobile frequency threshold value of maximum, completes the operation to this reader, now, At definition reading device position, the label in power radius is covered by this reader；

Step 6, repetition step 2, to step 5, builds new reader, and the number of reader adds 1, and by capped mark The ratio signed as coverage rate COV by coverage rate COV of label in the described working region of following formula calculating:

$COV=\underset{t\&Element;TS}{\&Sigma;}Cv\left(t\right)/N_t\&times;100\%$

$Cv\left(t\right)=\left\{\begin{array}{cc}1,& if\&Exists;r\&Element;RS,d_{r,t}<={\mathrm{Radius}}_r\\ 0,& else\end{array}\right.$

Wherein, for any one label t ∈ TS, d is made if there is a reader r ∈ RS_r,_t≤ Radiusr, that Label r is capped.If label t be capped, Cv (t)=1. otherwise, Cv (t)=0；

When COV is more than minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value MC, stop building reader.

Step 7, in scanning work region build all readers and add up each reader cover label quantity, Finding from described working region every time and cover the reader that number of labels is minimum, covering if deleting this described reader-tag When rate will not reduce or reduce less than predetermined threshold value, perform deletion action and delete this described reader；Perform readding of certain number of times Read device and eliminate operation until during coverage rate kept stable, by the position coordinates of reader remaining in described working region and Power radius, as RFID network programme the performance indications that calculate described RFID network programme, is simulated in the present invention It is a kind of optimization process that curling carries out RFID network planning essence, and the result obtained can be as the work of RFID network planning Journey implementation.

Embodiment 8

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion is come by emulation experiment with embodiment 1-7, the effect of the present invention Checking.

1. experiment running environment and condition setting:

The environment that experiment runs: processor is Intel Pentium B940 2.0GHz, inside saves as 4.00GB, and hard disk is 320GB, operating system is Microsoft windows 10, and programmed environment is Visual Studio Ultimate 2013.

Experiment condition is arranged: tests 8 RFID in experiment and tests sample.Label in C_30, C_50, and C_100 is full Foot is distributed the most very much.Label in R_30, R_50, and R_100 is random distribution.C_500 and R_500 is respectively by C_100 and R_100 Linear combination generates.C_30 and R_30 comprises 30 labels, C_50 and R_50 comprises 50 labels, C_100 and R_100 In comprise 100 labels, C_500 and R_500 comprises 500 labels.The working region of front 6 test samples is a 50m The rectangular area of × 50m, the span of the power radius of reader is 8m to 15m.The initial velocity magnitude v value of reader For 10m/s to 20m/s, the span of angle, θ is-π to π.Moving operator for reader, searching times M is set as 100 Secondary, each Δ t search time is set as 0.5s.The value of μm in is 0, and the value of μm ax is 0.5；C_500 and R_500 tests sample The rectangular area that working region is a 150m × 150m.

2. emulation experiment content and interpretation of result:

Emulation experiment uses the RFID network planing method of simulated curling of the present invention motion to carry out 8 RFID test samples Test has also carried out contrast test with existing method.Existing method includes genetic algorithm and particle cluster algorithm.

In order to the effectiveness of the inventive method is described, 8 RFID test samples are tested by the inventive method respectively, Result is as shown in Figure 7.

Fig. 7 (a) is the simulation result to data set C_30, and Fig. 7 (b) is the simulation result to data set C_50, Fig. 7 (c) Being the simulation result to data set C_100, Fig. 7 (d) is the simulation result to data set R_30, and Fig. 7 (e) is to data set R_50 Simulation result, Fig. 7 (f) is the simulation result to data set R_100, and Fig. 7 (g) is the simulation result to data set C_500, figure 7 (h) is the simulation result to data set R_500, it can be seen that for the test sample of different number of tags, and for not With the test sample of label distribution, the method (CA-RNP) of the present invention can effectively realize the requirement of RFID network planning, Reasonably distribution reader position in working region, set the size of reader power radius and adaptive determine required The number of reader, effectively achieves RFID network planning.

Embodiment 9

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion is with embodiment 1-8, in order to the quick of the method for the present invention is described Property, below by GA, PSO algorithm respectively in connection with TRE operator in the present invention and prior art, C_100 test sample is tried Test tries, statistics coverage rate and jamming rate change curve over time.The calculation of jamming rate ITF is as follows:

$ITF=\underset{t\&Element;TS}{\&Sigma;}In\left(t\right)/N_t$

Wherein, for label t belong to tally set TS, In (t) represent label by the degree of covering of reader in working region, N_tFor the number of label in working region, ITF is the number of times summation and total number of labels that in working region, all labels are capped Ratio.

Result of the comparison respectively by as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, Fig. 8 be data set C_100 is carried out three kinds of algorithm coverage rates with The simulation result of time change, Fig. 9 is that data set C_100 carries out three kinds of time dependent simulation results of algorithm jamming rate. It will be seen that the inventive method (CA-RNP) can quickly optimize RFID network, in the short period of time so that working region In the coverage rate of label raise rapidly within a short period of time, when coverage rate reaches requirement, jamming rate is relatively low.

Embodiment 10

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling motion is with embodiment 1-9, in order to make it easy to understand, provide below one originally The brief handling process of invention, with reference to Fig. 2, in order to the understanding to heretofore described scheme.

1, start to process.

2, initiating reader, and reader is put in working region.

3, calculate the coverage rate of label in current operating region, determine the pass of coverage rate and default minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value System.

The value that 4, reader moves number of times t is set to 1.

5, reader is carried out reader and move operation, the mobile starting point position of journal reader and the movement of reader End point position, moves number of times t and adds 1 reader.

6, determine whether to carry out impact operations.

7, reader is carried out impact operations, obtain Position of collision point and the speed of described reader collision rift, under correction The most described reader moves operation.

8, the content in 5 to 7 is repeated, until the mobile number of times t of reader moves secondary more than presetting reader maximum Number threshold value M.

9, the content in 2 to 8 is repeated, until the value of coverage rate COV is more than presetting minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value MC.

10, the reader in working region is carried out unnecessary reader and eliminates operation.

11, position and the power radius of the reader in working region are exported as result.

The present invention, by the motion of curling stone in simulated curling project, devises one and plans based on kinematic RFID network Method, by 2 initiating reader, calculates coverage rate COV that RFID network is current in 3, compares coverage rate and minimum vertex-covering rate The relation of threshold value MC, if reached, stops, and reader otherwise carries out the mobile operation of certain number of times, often completes once to move Operation adds 1 to t, judges whether collision occurs during moving, if collision occurs, performs impact operations, when reader moves Dynamic number of times reaches M when reader maximum moves frequency threshold value, stops the operation to this reader, repeats step 2 in 8 Operation, and calculate coverage rate COV of current RFID network, if fruit COV is more than minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value, then in current network All readers carry out unnecessary reader and eliminate operation, scan each reader in current RFID network and cover the quantity of label, Deleting and covering number of tags is the reader of 0, finally using the position of reader remaining in RFID network and power radius as Result exports.The present invention can obtain preferable optimum results fast and effectively, by constantly readding toward increasing in working region Read device, and carry out reader move operation scan for reader impact operations, to increase the coverage rate of RFID network, when covering When lid rate meets minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value, the reader in network is selected, and combine described unnecessary reader elimination behaviour Make, delete the reader of redundancy in network, above reader first accelerating meets coverage rate and operates and delete unnecessary reading Device operation allows the invention to the adaptive quantity determining described reader.

In brief, the RFID network planing method of a kind of simulated curling motion of the present invention, first simulated curling motion Build reader model, the movement of design reader and impact operations；Build a reader；Definition reader is in working region In mobile operation and impact operations；The motion search that reader moves in working region always and collides, until should Reader moves number of times and completes a motor performance of this reader more than the mobile frequency threshold value of default maximum；Build new reading Device, reader number adds 1, calculates now all readers coverage rate COV to label in working region, until coverage rate is more than Preset minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value；Complete RFID network planning, carry out readers whole in working region eliminating operation, and export RFID network programme.The present invention can obtain optimum results fast and effectively, and combines reader elimination operation, it is possible to from The quantity of the determination reader adapted to.Can apply to the RFID network optimization of through engineering approaches.

To sum up, by the present invention, RFID network is optimized, RFID network programme can be obtained fast and effectively.

It should be understood that the RFID network planing method of the simulated curling motion of above-mentioned offer carries out RFID network planning Embodiment, be only used as in this RFID network planing method test sample in explanation, it is also possible to according to actual needs and incite somebody to action Above-mentioned RFID network planing method uses in other application scenarios, and it implements process and is similar to above-described embodiment.

Each sequence number in above-described embodiment just to describe, do not represent each parts assemble or use during elder generation Rear order.

The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all in the spirit and principles in the present invention Within, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the RFID network planing method of a simulated curling motion, it is characterised in that the RFID net of described simulated curling motion Network planing method, comprises the following steps that

Step one, simulated curling motion builds reader model, the mobile operation of simulated curling motion design reader and collision Operation；

1.1 build reader model, and the RFID network working region that will optimize is defined as curling field, and working region is smooth Smooth have border, and label to be capped in engineering is dispersed among working region, and reader passes through mobile in working region Scan for；

The mobile operation of 1.2 design readers, reader moves operation and has following feature, has the region surface of label to rub and is Number is relatively big, and the region surface coefficient of friction not having label is zero, and reader moves in working region when running into label and can be rubbed The effect of wiping power, each other without effect between reader；

The impact operations of 1.3 design readers, reader impact operations has following feature, and reader runs into border, working region Time can be shot back, reader collisionless effect each other, also collisionless effect between reader and label, collision time is ignored Disregarding, collision frequency is ignored；

Step 2, according to one reader of reader model construction；

Step 3, the reader mobile operation in working region, reader is (x in the current location of working region₀,y₀), In a given traveling time Δ t, calculate the mobile end point position (x of reader₁,y₁), if (x₁,y₁) it is positioned at work Intra-zone, then with mobile end point position (x₁,y₁) update reader current location (x₀,y₀), and this reader is moved secondary Number adds 1, and reader continues search in working region；If in a given traveling time Δ t, reader mobile end Point position is not inside working region, then definition reader does not does mobile operation, need not (x₁,y₁) revise the position that reader is current Put (x₀,y₀)；

Step 4, reader impact operations in working region, in a given traveling time Δ t, if reader moves Dynamic end point not inside working region, then assert that reader has carried out impact operations, and reader is at edge, working region One position collides, and this Position of collision point is (x`, y`), and the size of collision rift reader speed is constant, and direction changes, Calculate and obtain reader speed v ` collided and reader velocity attitude θ ` according to elastic collision, and correction moves next time Traveling time Δ t of dynamic operation, reader continues search in working region；

Step 5, repeated execution of steps three to step 4, reader carries out motion search in working region always, until this is read When the reader of reading device moves number of times more than default maximum mobile frequency threshold value, complete the operation to this reader, now, define At reading device position, the label in power radius is covered by this reader；

Step 6, repetition step 2, to step 5, builds new reader, and the number of reader adds 1, and by capped label Ratio is as coverage rate COV, until coverage rate is more than presetting minimum vertex-covering rate threshold value；

Step 7, completes RFID network planning, the whole readers in described working region carries out reader and eliminates operation, complete The operation of all readers in working region in pairs, and export RFID network programme.

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling the most according to claim 1 motion, it is characterised in that institute in step one State simulated curling and build reader model, specifically include:

Defining reader model R (x, y, v, θ, R), including the position coordinates (x, y) of reader, the speed of reader is big Little v, the direction θ of reader speed, and the power radius R of reader；

According to one reader of reader model construction described in step 2, specifically include:

According to this reader model and use random algorithm build reader, in working region random initializtion (x, y), as The position coordinates of reader, random initializtion v and θ in velocity interval, as initial velocity magnitude and the initial speed of reader Degree direction, random initializtion R in power radius, as the power radius of reader, R after initialization (x, y, v, θ, R) represent a reader, complete the structure of reader.

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling the most according to claim 1 motion, it is characterised in that institute in step 3 State the reader mobile operation in working region, comprise the following steps that

Label in 3.1 scanning current readers power radius, adds up the number of times that these labels are capped respectively, these marks Sign and all can provide a part of frictional force to this reader respectively, the number of times phase that the frictional force that each label provides is capped with label Close, frictional force summation f that the frictional force that reader is subject to provides for labels all in power radius；

The frictional force that 3.2 are subject to by reader calculates the acceleration a of reader, it is stipulated that reader in a traveling time Δ t The frictional force size being subject to is constant, by reader current location (x₀,y₀), the speed v that reader is current, the speed side of reader Position (the x of reader mobile end point is calculated to θ, the acceleration a and Δ t of reader₁,y₁), if this mobile end point exists In working region, then complete a moving process.

The RFID network planing method fast and effectively of simulated curling the most according to claim 3 motion, it is characterised in that The number of times C that the frictional force that each label described in step 3.1 provides is capped to label is relevant, the frictional force that reader is subject to Frictional force summation f provided for all labels in power radius, specifically:

F=-μ × m × g

$f_n=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N_r}{\&Sigma;}}{\left(\frac{1}{1+C\left(i\right)}\right)}^d$

$\mathrm{\&mu;}={\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{min}+({\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{max}-{\mathrm{\&mu;}}_{min})\&times;\left(\frac{f_n}{N_r}\right)$

Wherein, f_nCoefficient of friction controlling elements, C (i) represent i-th label by current operating region reader cover time Number, N_rRepresenting the number for current readers r power radius interior label, m is the quality of reader, and g is acceleration of gravity, μ It is the coefficient of friction that is subject to of reader, μ_minIt is coefficient of friction minima, μ_maxBeing coefficient of friction maximum, d is dimension.

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling the most according to claim 1 motion, it is characterised in that institute in step 4 State reader impact operations in working region, comprise the following steps that

4.1 read described mobile operation mobile end point position (x₁,y₁), by reader current location (x₀,y₀) and mobile end Point position (x₁,y₁) determine the collision boundary of this reader and described working region, thus calculate reader from (x₀,y₀) to touching Hit the time Δ t` on border, by (x<sub>0</sub>,y<sub>0</sub>), Δ t`, v, θ, and a, calculate and obtain Position of collision point (x`, y`) and described in read Read speed v ` of device collision rift and the direction θ ` of reader collision rift speed；

4.2 revise this reader next time moves operation, a described traveling time Δ t deduct reader to collision boundary Time obtains the residue traveling time Δ t` of reader collision rift, updates the most described reader with residue traveling time Δ t` Traveling time Δ t of mobile operation, updates the position (x of reader with (x`, y`)₀,y₀), the speed of reader is updated with v` Degree v, updates the direction θ of the speed of reader, completes a reader impact operations with θ `.

The RFID network planing method of simulated curling the most according to claim 1 motion, it is characterised in that institute in step 7 State the process of RFID network planning, comprised the following steps that

The all readers built in 7.1 scanning work regions the quantity adding up each reader covering label, every time from institute Stating working region is found and cover the reader that number of labels is minimum, will not drop if deleting this described reader-tag coverage rate Low or reduce less than predetermined threshold value time, perform deletion action delete this described reader；The reader performing certain number of times eliminates When operation is until coverage rate kept stable, by position coordinates and the power radius of reader remaining in described working region As RFID network programme the performance indications that calculate described RFID network programme.