CN105955926B - A kind of compressor selection method being suitable for being pressurized hydrogen internal combustion engine - Google Patents
A kind of compressor selection method being suitable for being pressurized hydrogen internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN105955926B CN105955926B CN201610304991.1A CN201610304991A CN105955926B CN 105955926 B CN105955926 B CN 105955926B CN 201610304991 A CN201610304991 A CN 201610304991A CN 105955926 B CN105955926 B CN 105955926B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compressor selection methods being suitable for being pressurized hydrogen internal combustion engine, pass through the basic parameter of given desired value and engine, in view of the fuel that conventional engine enters cylinder is liquid, partial pressure is not generated, and hydrogen internal combustion engine is using hydrogen as fuel, into after cylinder, gaseous fuel will produce partial pressure, consider the influence that the partial pressure that gaseous fuel generates calculates compressor pressure ratio, thus, the present invention calculates the partial pressure of hydrogen and air in the cylinder, as the stagnation pressure in cylinder, and then calculates the pressure ratio of compressor；In addition, according to the empirical value of the temperature at blower outlet, several compressor delivery temperatures are selected in the reasonable scope, after obtaining pressure ratio, the theoretical value of compressor delivery temperature is obtained by thermodynamical equilibrium equation again, the pressure ratio obtained when the empirical value that compressor delivery temperature is selected is approximately equal to theoretical value so realizes the amendment to temperature after supercharging, obtains more accurate result as final result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pressurized hydrogen technical field of internal combustion engines, and in particular to a kind of type selecting of the compressor of supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine
Method.
Background technology
The baneful influence of the increasingly harsh and greenhouse effects of emission regulation so that clean, sustainable regenerated replacement combustion
Material increasingly attracts attention.In particular, with the reduction increasingly of fossil fuel, energy problem is even more widely to be paid close attention to.Hydrogen is made
Product for the clean energy resource of 21 century, completely burned is water, without CO, HC caused by conventional petroleum fuels and soot etc.
Pollutant, unique emission are nitrogen oxides caused by oxygen under combustion high temperature and nitrogen.This makes new as combining
The hydrogen internal combustion engine of the energy and traditional combustion engine technical advantage is paid close attention to by more and more people.
The fuel supply of hydrogen internal combustion engine using fuel gas, into in-cylinder combustion be hydrogen and air mixing
Gas, this air inflow for allowing for hydrogen internal combustion engine reduces, and then the effective power exported is lower than the gasoline engine of same discharge capacity.Meanwhile
The ignition temperature of hydrogen and air Mixture will be far above gasoline engine, and the discharged nitrous oxides that this allows for hydrogen internal combustion engine are remote high
In gasoline engine.In order to solve this contradiction, the research work of hydrogen internal combustion engine develops to both direction：Direct-injection and supercharging.Direct injection
Its cost of hydrogen internal combustion engine and complexity so that its application is by being limited.This allows for the supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine of air inlet flue type
Research become more urgent and important.
For the booster type selecting of supercharging gasoline engine, it is only necessary to according to the conditions such as target power and given discharge capacity
The required flow of compressor and pressure ratio are estimated, and then suitable booster model is obtained by type selecting, or according to flow
And pressure ratio, the compressor and turbine that design is wanted.But for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine, due to entering the mixing of cylinder
Gas bag contains gaseous hydrogen, this air capacity for allowing for entering cylinder is reduced.So for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine, phase
With under operating mode, the flow of compressor is less than same discharge capacity, with the compressor flow of gasoline engine under operating mode.So for supercharging
The booster of hydrogen internal combustion engine will re-start type selecting or design.
Invention content
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection method of the compressor of pressurized hydrogen engine, pass through
The hydrogen and air partial pressure in pressurized hydrogen IC engine cylinder are calculated, in conjunction with the target power of setting, obtains the pressure ratio and stream of compressor
Amount is embodied as being pressurized the accurate type selecting compressor of hydrogen internal combustion engine.
A kind of selection method of the compressor of supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine, includes the following steps：
Step 1, the associated technical parameters using hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine calculate the hydrogen of compressor needed for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine
Flow MH：
In formula, HμFor the calorific value of hydrogen；ηetFor effective thermal efficiency；PeFor target power；
The given concentration λ of step 2, basis, is calculated required air mass flow MC：
In formula, L0For every kilogram of hydrogen completely burned when, theoretically needed for air capacity；λ is when reaching target power
Mixture strength；
Step 3 calculates the partial pressure p of hydrogen in the cylinder using the equation of gas state and mass equationH, by formula [3]
It is obtained with formula [4]：
In formula, τ is stroke coefficient；ηVFor volumetric efficiency；VhFor the volume of cylinder；N is the rated speed of engine；ρH、
pH、TH, RHRespectively density, partial pressure, temperature and the hydrogen gas constant of hydrogen in the cylinder；
Similarly, the partial pressure p of air in cylinder is calculated by formula [5]C：
In formula, RCAnd pCAir gas constant respectively in cylinder and partial pressure；TCFor the temperature at blower outlet；
Step 4 calculates stagnation pressure p in cylinderAlways：
pAlways=pH+pC [6]
Step 5, according in cylinder stagnation pressure and linear loss calculate the pressure p of blower outletC1：
pC1=pAlways+Δp [7]
In formula, Δ p is gas by blower outlet to the linear loss entered in cylinder process；
Step 6, the definition using compressor calculate the pressure ratio π of compressorC：
pa=p1-Δp1 [8]
paFor the air pressure after filter at compressor inlet；
Step 7 substitutes into formula [1] to [8] in formula [9], and arrangement obtains：
It enablesSimplification obtains formula
[11]：
πC=K2TC+K1 [11]
Using thermodynamical equilibrium equation, the theoretical value T of compressor delivery temperature is calculatedO：
TO=πC (κ-1)/κ [12]
In formula, κ is the average polytropic exponent of compressor；
Step 8, rule of thumb, the temperature T at blower outletCReasonable value within the scope of arbitrarily choose a temperature
TCValue, is updated in formula [11], after obtaining pressure ratio, then is updated in formula [12], obtains the temperature at blower outlet
Theoretical value TO, compare the calculated value T of the temperature at blower outletCWith TO, when the difference of the two is within the scope of allowable error, this
When temperature TCTemperature as at selected blower outlet substitutes into the pressure that the pressure ratio obtained in formula [11] is finally selected
The pressure ratio of mechanism of qi realizes compressor type selecting.
The present invention has the advantages that：
The invention aims to propose a kind of compressor selection method being suitable for being pressurized hydrogen internal combustion engine, pass through what is given
The basic parameter of desired value and engine, it is contemplated that the fuel that conventional engine enters cylinder is liquid, does not generate partial pressure, and hydrogen
Internal combustion engine is using hydrogen as fuel, and into after cylinder, gaseous fuel will produce partial pressure, considers the partial pressure of gaseous fuel generation to pressure
The influence that mechanism of qi pressure ratio calculates, as a result, the present invention calculate hydrogen and air partial pressure in the cylinder, as the stagnation pressure in cylinder,
And then calculate the pressure ratio of compressor；In addition, according to the empirical value of the temperature at blower outlet, select in the reasonable scope several
Compressor delivery temperature after obtaining pressure ratio, then by thermodynamical equilibrium equation obtains the theoretical value of compressor delivery temperature, by compressor
The selected empirical value of outlet temperature is approximately equal to the pressure ratio obtained when theoretical value as final result, after so realizing to supercharging
The amendment of temperature obtains more accurate result.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the compressor type selecting flow chart of the supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 be the present invention under different target power, it is assumed that supercharging after intake air temperature TCWith the pressure being calculated
Mechanism of qi outlet temperature TORelational graph.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The type selecting of compressor, most important two indices are exactly the flow and pressure ratio of compressor.For being pressurized hydrogen internal combustion engine
For, fuel and air are present in cylinder with the state of gas, when calculating the air mass flow of compressor, to consider hydrogen
The partial pressure of gas in the cylinder influences.Meanwhile to consider influence of the air themperature for charge flow rate after supercharging, and to gas
The influence of in-cylinder pressure, this just needs to introduce modification method.So when for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine type selecting, on the one hand want
Consider that the partial pressure of hydrogen influences, while to introduce the modification method of enough accuracy, the flow and pressure of the compressor ensured
It is more accurate than as far as possible.
Present invention kind is suitable for being pressurized the compressor selection method of hydrogen internal combustion engine, as shown in Figure 1, its main step packet
It includes：(1) the air mass flow M of compressor needed for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine is calculatedCWith hydrogen flowing quantity MH；(2) according to hydrogen and the stream of air
Intake air temperature T after amount and a series of superchargings assumedC, calculate the partial pressure of hydrogen and air in the cylinder, respectively pHWith
pC；(3) the pressure ratio π of compressor is calculated according to the stagnation pressure in cylinderC；(4) counter to push away in air through overvoltage according to obtained pressure ratio
Temperature T after mechanism of qi compressionO, as the air themperature T of this temperature and entrance cylinderCWhen identical, obtained pressure ratio matches pressure
Than specifically comprising the following steps：
Step 1, the hydrogen flowing quantity M for calculating compressor needed for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engineH, utilize the related skill of hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine
Art parameter is calculated by formula [1]：
In formula, MHFor hydrogen flowing quantity, kg/s；HμFor the calorific value of hydrogen, J/kg；ηetFor effective thermal efficiency；PeFor target work(
Rate.
The given concentration λ of step 2, basis, can be calculated required air mass flow M by formula [2]C：
In formula, MCFor air mass flow, kg/s；L0For every kilogram of hydrogen completely burned when, theoretically needed for air capacity；λ is
Reach mixture strength when target power.
Step 3 can calculate the partial pressure p of hydrogen in the cylinder using the equation of gas state and mass equationH, by formula
[3] it is obtained with formula [4]：
In formula, τ is stroke coefficient, for four-stroke engine, τ=2；ηVFor volumetric efficiency；VhFor the volume of cylinder, L；n
For the rated speed of engine, r/min；ρH、pH、TH, RHRespectively density, partial pressure, temperature and the hydrogen gas of hydrogen in the cylinder
Body constant, unit are respectively kg/m3, Pa, K and J/ (kgK).
Similarly, the partial pressure p of air in cylinder can be calculated by [5]C：
In formula, RCAnd pCAir gas constant respectively in cylinder and partial pressure, kg/m3, J/ (kgK) and Pa；TCFor pressure
The temperature in mechanism of qi exit, K.
Step 4 can be calculated stagnation pressure p in cylinder by formula [6]Always：
pAlways=pH+pC [6]
In formula, pAlwaysFor the hydrogen and the sum of air pressure in cylinder, Pa.
Step 5, according in cylinder stagnation pressure and linear loss can calculate the pressure p of blower outletC1, by formula
[7] it calculates：
pC1=pAlways+Δp [7]
In formula, pC1For the outlet pressure of compressor, Pa；Δ p is gas by blower outlet to entrance cylinder process
Linear loss, Pa.
Step 6, the definition using compressor can be calculated the pressure ratio π of compressor by formula [8] and [9]C：
pa=p1-Δp1 [8]
πCFor the pressure ratio of compressor；paFor after filter, the air pressure at compressor inlet, it and environmental pressure p1
There is Δ p1Difference, characterization is linear loss from air cleaner to from compressor inlet.
Step 7 brings formula [1] to [8] in formula [9] into, and arrangement obtains：
It enablesIt can simplify to obtain public affairs
Formula [11]：
πC=K2TC+K1 [11]
Using thermodynamical equilibrium equation, the theoretical value of compressor delivery temperature is calculated, is calculated by formula [12]：
TO=πC (κ-1)/κ [12]
In formula, κ is the average polytropic exponent of compressor；TOFor compressor delivery temperature theoretical value, K.
Step 8, rule of thumb, the temperature T at blower outletCReasonable value within the scope of arbitrarily choose a temperature
TCValue, is updated in formula [11], after obtaining pressure ratio, then is updated in formula [12], obtains the temperature at blower outlet
Theoretical value TO, compare the calculated value T of the temperature at blower outletCWith TO, when the difference of the two is within the scope of allowable error, this
When temperature TCTemperature as at selected blower outlet substitutes into the pressure that the pressure ratio obtained in formula [11] is finally selected
The pressure ratio of mechanism of qi realizes compressor type selecting.As shown in Fig. 2, solid line pe1To pe4At the blower outlet under different target power
Temperature TC, the temperature theoretical value T at the blower outlet that dotted line isO, solid line and dotted line point of intersection are temperature TCAs
Temperature at selected blower outlet.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of selection method of the compressor of supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, the associated technical parameters using hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine calculate the hydrogen flowing quantity of compressor needed for supercharging hydrogen internal combustion engine
MH：
In formula, HμFor the calorific value of hydrogen；ηetFor effective thermal efficiency；PeFor target power；
The given concentration λ of step 2, basis, is calculated required air mass flow MC：
In formula, L0For every kilogram of hydrogen completely burned when, theoretically needed for air capacity；λ is gaseous mixture when reaching target power
Concentration；
Step 3 calculates the partial pressure p of hydrogen in the cylinder using the equation of gas state and mass equationH, by formula [3] and formula
[4]：
In formula, τ is stroke coefficient；ηVFor volumetric efficiency；VhFor the volume of cylinder；N is the rated speed of engine；ρH、pH、TH,
RHRespectively density, partial pressure, temperature and the hydrogen gas constant of hydrogen in the cylinder；
Similarly, the partial pressure p of air in cylinder is calculated by formula [5]C：
In formula, RCAnd pCAir gas constant respectively in cylinder and partial pressure；TCFor the temperature at blower outlet；
Step 4 calculates stagnation pressure p in cylinderAlways：
pAlways=pH+pC [6]
Step 5, according in cylinder stagnation pressure and linear loss calculate the pressure p of blower outletC1：
pC1=pAlways+Δp [7]
In formula, Δ p is gas by blower outlet to the linear loss entered in cylinder process；
Step 6, the definition using compressor calculate the pressure ratio π of compressorC：
pa=p1-Δp1 [8]
paFor the air pressure after filter at compressor inlet；p1Indicate environmental pressure, Δ p1It indicates at compressor inlet
Air pressure and environmental pressure p1Difference；
Step 7 substitutes into formula [1] to [8] in formula [9], and arrangement obtains：
It enablesSimplification obtains formula [11]：
πC=K2TC+K1 [11]
Using thermodynamical equilibrium equation, the theoretical value T of compressor delivery temperature is calculatedO：
TO=πC (κ-1)/κ [12]
In formula, κ is the average polytropic exponent of compressor；
Step 8, rule of thumb, the temperature T at blower outletCReasonable value within the scope of arbitrarily choose a temperature TCValue,
It is updated in formula [11], after obtaining pressure ratio, then is updated in formula [12], obtains the theoretical value of the temperature at blower outlet
TO, compare the calculated value T of the temperature at blower outletCWith TO, when the difference of the two is within the scope of allowable error, temperature at this time
Spend TCTemperature as at selected blower outlet, it is finally selected compressor to substitute into the pressure ratio obtained in formula [11]
Pressure ratio realizes compressor type selecting.
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008030277A2 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2008-03-13 | California Institute Of Technology | Method and system for storing and generating hydrogen |
| CN102160010A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2011-08-17 | 欧陆汽车有限责任公司 | Method for determining adapted measuring values and/or model parameters for controlling the air flow path of internal combustion engines |
| CN104747293A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 中航商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | A type selecting method of a starter used for a turbofan engine |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008030277A2 (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2008-03-13 | California Institute Of Technology | Method and system for storing and generating hydrogen |
| CN102160010A (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2011-08-17 | 欧陆汽车有限责任公司 | Method for determining adapted measuring values and/or model parameters for controlling the air flow path of internal combustion engines |
| CN104747293A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2015-07-01 | 中航商用航空发动机有限责任公司 | A type selecting method of a starter used for a turbofan engine |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 氢内燃机涡轮增压匹配特性研究;孙柏刚等;《第五届中国智能交通年会暨第六届国际节能与新能源汽车创新发展论坛优秀论文集（下册）》;20091211;第344-350页 * |
| 车用柴油机涡轮增压系统选型与匹配的研究;邓大伟;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》;20100201;全文 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20221031 Address after: Room 302, Building 10, No. 26, Liushui Road, East Yanshan, Fangshan District, Beijing 102502 Patentee after: Beijing Hydrogen Fuel Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100081 No. 5 South Main Street, Haidian District, Beijing, Zhongguancun Patentee before: BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY |