CN105955312B - Vehicle-mounted sun tracker - Google Patents
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- CN105955312B CN105955312B CN201610319640.8A CN201610319640A CN105955312B CN 105955312 B CN105955312 B CN 105955312B CN 201610319640 A CN201610319640 A CN 201610319640A CN 105955312 B CN105955312 B CN 105955312B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted sun tracker, which comprises: the central controller and the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array which are respectively connected with the central controller, the first photosensitive element array is perpendicular to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, and the second photosensitive element array is parallel to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements. The central controller obtains a horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference of the solar illumination intensity output by each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array, obtains a vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction by comparing the difference of the solar illumination intensity output by each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array, and then searches the position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted solar tracker from the corresponding relationship of the prestored horizontal factor, vertical factor and sun position information.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sun tracking, in particular to a vehicle-mounted sun tracker.
Background
Along with the continuous development of automobile technology, novel vehicle-mounted optics and electronic equipment are continuously emerged, optical related products such as head-up display, intelligent adjusting vehicle windows, in-vehicle display, vehicle-mounted machine vision and the like appear in the market, and the optical products greatly meet the requirements of people on driving comfort and safety. Since these optical products are sensitive to solar rays in practical applications, their functions may be affected in some extreme cases. How to accurately identify the sun's position and illumination intensity is of great importance to such optical products.
In the prior art, a solar tracker is generally used for acquiring sun position information and illumination intensity. The current solar tracker mainly has three types: first type solar tracker: the method comprises the steps of determining local longitude and latitude and time by adopting a positioning technology, and tracking the sun by combining with a known earth sun-surrounding rule. The solar tracker has the disadvantages that local astronomical data needs to be obtained in advance, relative changes of the vehicle running direction and the sun azimuth cannot be sensed, and the solar tracker is not suitable for vehicle-mounted application. Second type solar tracker: the electric signals of the four quadrant units are collected by the four quadrant detector, the difference between the signals is compared, the detector is driven to rotate by the driving motor, and the rotation angle of the motor is calculated until the electric signals of the four quadrant units are equal in size, so that the tracking of the sun is completed. The solar tracker has large volume, needs a motor to drive the detector to rotate for detection, and has slow response speed. Since the direction of the automobile is changed all the time in the actual running process, the sun tracker cannot track the sun in the vehicle-mounted state. A third type of solar tracker: the method comprises the steps of firstly determining local latitude and longitude and time by using a positioning technology to obtain a local sun-winding rule, then adjusting a tracker to turn to perform initial tracking, and finally calibrating by using a photosensitive sensor. The solar tracker has complex control and high cost, and the tracking process needs steering adjustment, so the feasibility of being applied to vehicles is not high.
In summary, how to provide a vehicle-mounted solar tracker is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention discloses a vehicle-mounted solar tracker to realize the application of the solar tracker in an automobile.
An on-board solar tracker comprising:
the first photosensitive element array is vertical to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, wherein each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the sun and outputting the illumination intensity;
the second photosensitive element array is parallel to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, wherein each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the sun and outputting the illumination intensity;
the central controller is respectively connected with the first photosensitive element array, the second photosensitive element array and the vehicle-mounted terminal and is used for acquiring each sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element array and obtaining a horizontal factor of the sunlight in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference of each sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element array; acquiring the intensity of each solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element array, and comparing the difference of each solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element array to obtain a vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction; then, finding corresponding sun position information from a corresponding relation among pre-stored horizontal factors, vertical factors and sun position information by using the horizontal factors and the vertical factors, and outputting the sun position information to the vehicle-mounted terminal, wherein the sun position information is position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted sun tracker, and includes: a vertical elevation angle and a horizontal azimuth angle.
Preferably, when the first photosensitive element array includes a first photosensitive element and a second photosensitive element, the obtaining the horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference of the respective solar illumination intensities output by the first photosensitive element array includes:
substituting the sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element and the sunlight intensity output by the second photosensitive element into a formula (1) to calculate a horizontal factor of the sunlight in the horizontal direction, wherein the formula (1) is as follows:
in the formula, ηhIs the level factor, Is1Intensity of solar illumination outputted for the first photosensitive element, Is2The intensity of the solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element.
Preferably, when the second photosensitive element array includes the first photosensitive element and a third photosensitive element, the obtaining of the vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction by comparing the difference of the respective solar illumination intensities output by the second photosensitive element array includes:
substituting the sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element and the sunlight intensity output by the third photosensitive element into a formula (2) to calculate a vertical factor of the sunlight in the vertical direction, wherein the formula (2) is as follows:
in the formula, ηvIs the vertical factor, Is1Intensity of solar illumination outputted for the first photosensitive element, Is3The intensity of the solar illumination output by the third photosensitive element.
Preferably, each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array is used for detecting the intensity of solar illumination and outputting the detected intensity of solar illumination, and the method comprises the following steps:
each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array is used for detecting the intensity of solar illumination, converting the detected intensity of solar illumination into a corresponding electrical signal, and outputting the electrical signal from a corresponding signal channel.
Preferably, each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array is used for detecting the intensity of solar illumination and outputting the detected intensity of solar illumination, and the method comprises the following steps:
each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array is used for detecting the intensity of solar illumination, converting the respective detected intensity of solar illumination into corresponding electrical signals, and outputting the electrical signals from the respective corresponding signal channels.
Preferably, the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array are both photodiode arrays.
Preferably, the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array are both phototriode arrays.
Preferably, the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array are distributed in an L shape.
From the above technical solution, the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted solar tracker, including: the central controller and the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array which are respectively connected with the central controller, the first photosensitive element array is perpendicular to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, and the second photosensitive element array is parallel to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements. The central controller obtains a horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference of the solar illumination intensity output by each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array, obtains a vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction by comparing the difference of the solar illumination intensity output by each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array, and then searches corresponding solar position information from the corresponding relationship among the pre-stored horizontal factor, vertical factor and solar position information. The found sun position information is position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted sun tracker, and the position information of the vehicle-mounted sun tracker relative to the vehicle body can be obtained after the vehicle-mounted sun tracker is installed, so that the vehicle-mounted terminal can obtain the position information of the sun relative to the vehicle body according to the sun position information output by the central controller and the position information of the vehicle-mounted sun tracker relative to the vehicle. Compared with the traditional solar tracker, the solar tracking system adopts the photosensitive element array as the illumination intensity detection element, and has the advantages of quick response and high detection precision; meanwhile, as no mechanical rotating device is adopted, the whole device has small volume and simple structure; in the whole calculation process, local astronomical data does not need to be acquired, and the relative change of the running direction of the vehicle and the sun azimuth can be sensed in real time, so that the use requirement of the solar tracker in an automobile is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the disclosed drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted solar tracker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a distribution of sun positions according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an installation position of a vehicle-mounted solar tracker relative to a vehicle body according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic distribution diagram of photodiodes in a vehicle-mounted solar tracker according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a vehicle-mounted solar tracker, which is used for realizing the application of the solar tracker in an automobile.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle-mounted solar tracker disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first photosensitive element array 11, a second photosensitive element array 12, and a central controller 13;
wherein:
the first photosensitive element array 11 is perpendicular to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, and each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array 11 is used for detecting and outputting the sunlight intensity;
the second photosensitive element array 12 is parallel to the central axis of the vehicle body and includes a plurality of photosensitive elements, and each photosensitive element of the second photosensitive element array 12 is used for detecting and outputting the intensity of sunlight;
the central controller 13 is respectively connected to the first photosensitive element array 11, the second photosensitive element array 12 and the vehicle-mounted terminal 14, and is configured to acquire each solar illumination intensity output by the first photosensitive element array 11, and obtain a horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction by comparing differences of each solar illumination intensity output by the first photosensitive element array 11; acquiring the intensity of each solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element array 12, and comparing the difference of each solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element array 12 to obtain the vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction; then, the corresponding sun position information is found from the corresponding relationship among the pre-stored horizontal factor, vertical factor and sun position information by using the horizontal factor and the vertical factor, and is output to the vehicle-mounted terminal 14.
Wherein, the sun position information searched from the corresponding relation is the position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted sun tracker, and comprises the following steps: a vertical elevation angle and a horizontal azimuth angle.
It should be noted that the corresponding relationship between the horizontal factor, the vertical factor and the sun position information pre-stored in the central controller 13 can be obtained by a calibration method, and the calibration process is specifically as follows:
referring to fig. 2, in the sun position distribution diagram disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, the abscissa is the horizontal azimuth angle, the ordinate is the vertical elevation angle, each square in fig. 2 represents a position of the sun, and the sun position distribution is the horizontal factor ηhAnd vertical factor ηvAs a function of variables, i.e. the sun position function Possolar＝f(ηh,ηv) Thus, each set of orientation factors (including horizontal and vertical) is calibrated to obtain a set of orientation factors corresponding to the position of the sun, if all of the positions of the sun in FIG. 2 (horizontally-90 to 90, vertically 0 to 180) are calibrated, then the horizontal factor η corresponding to the position of the sun is obtainedhAnd vertical factor ηvDistribution diagram of (c). The denser the points are calibrated, the more accurate the position data of the sun is obtained.
Therefore, in practical application, the vehicle-mounted solar tracker obtains a horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction and a vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction according to the sunlight intensity output by the two sets of photosensitive element arrays, and then searches and obtains the position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted solar tracker from the corresponding relationship of the pre-stored horizontal factor, vertical factor and sun position information by using the horizontal factor and vertical factor.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when the solar tracker is mounted on the vehicle body, the position of the solar tracker relative to the vehicle body is known. Therefore, when the in-vehicle terminal 14 acquires the sun position information output from the central controller 13, the position information of the sun with respect to the vehicle body can be calculated from the sun position information and the position information of the in-vehicle sun tracker with respect to the vehicle body.
It should be noted that the installation direction of the vehicle-mounted solar tracker in the vehicle body and the vehicle body direction must be fixed, so that the relative position of the sun and the vehicle body can be accurately identified.
In summary, the vehicle-mounted solar tracker disclosed in the present invention obtains the horizontal factor of the solar light by comparing the difference of the solar illumination intensity in the first photosensitive element array 11 including the plurality of photosensitive elements in real time, obtains the vertical factor of the solar light by comparing the difference of the solar illumination intensity in the second photosensitive element array 12 including the plurality of photosensitive elements in real time, and then finds the position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted solar tracker from the corresponding relationship among the pre-stored horizontal factor, vertical factor, and sun position information. In this way, the in-vehicle terminal can obtain the position information of the sun with respect to the vehicle body based on the position information of the in-vehicle sun tracker with respect to the vehicle and the position information of the sun with respect to the in-vehicle sun tracker. Compared with the traditional solar tracker, the solar tracking system adopts the photosensitive element array as the illumination intensity detection element, and has the advantages of quick response and high detection precision; meanwhile, as no mechanical rotating device is adopted, the whole device has small volume and simple structure; in the whole calculation process, local astronomical data does not need to be acquired, and the relative change of the running direction of the vehicle and the sun azimuth can be sensed in real time, so that the use requirement of the solar tracker in an automobile is met.
In addition, compared with the traditional solar tracker, the invention can simultaneously obtain the horizontal azimuth angle and the vertical azimuth angle of the sun.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic diagram of an installation position of a vehicle-mounted solar tracker relative to a vehicle body according to an embodiment of the present invention is assumed that a first photosensitive element array 11 in the vehicle-mounted solar tracker includes: a first photosensitive element S1 and a second photosensitive element S2, the second photosensitive element array 12 including: the first photosensitive element S1 and the third photosensitive element S3, the installation position of the vehicle-mounted solar tracker in the vehicle body may be: mounting position 1: the upper part of the inner side of the front windshield; mounting position 2: the inner side of a roof skylight; mounting position 3: the upper part of the inner side of the rear windshield.
The mounting position of the vehicle-mounted solar tracker relative to the vehicle body can depend on actual needs, and includes but is not limited to the three mounting positions shown in the invention.
It should be noted that, in order to enhance the range and accuracy of tracking the sun position, a plurality of vehicle-mounted sun trackers may be arranged on one vehicle body, and each vehicle-mounted sun tracker is relatively independent and controlled by an additional vehicle-mounted device.
In the above embodiment, when the first photosensitive element array 11 includes the first photosensitive element and the second photosensitive element, the process of the central controller 13 obtaining the horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference between the sunlight intensities output by the first photosensitive element array 11 includes:
substituting the sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element and the sunlight intensity output by the second photosensitive element into a formula (1) to calculate a horizontal factor of the sunlight in the horizontal direction, wherein the formula (1) is as follows:
in the formula, ηhIs a horizontal factor, Is1Intensity of solar illumination outputted for the first photosensitive element, Is2The intensity of the solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element.
When the second photosensitive element array 12 includes the first photosensitive element and the third photosensitive element, the process of the central controller 13 obtaining the vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction by comparing the difference of the respective solar illumination intensities output by the second photosensitive element array includes:
substituting the solar illumination intensity output by the first photosensitive element and the solar illumination intensity output by the third photosensitive element into a formula (2) to calculate a vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction, wherein the formula (2) is as follows:
in the formula, ηvIs a vertical factor, Is1Intensity of solar illumination outputted for the first photosensitive element, Is3The intensity of the solar illumination output by the third photosensitive element.
It should be noted that the process of detecting and outputting the intensity of solar illumination by each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array 11 specifically includes:
each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array 11 is configured to detect the intensity of solar illumination, convert each detected intensity of solar illumination into a corresponding electrical signal, and output the electrical signal from a corresponding signal channel.
Similarly, the process of using each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array 12 to detect and output the solar illumination intensity specifically includes:
each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array 12 is configured to detect the intensity of solar illumination, convert the respective detected intensity of solar illumination into a corresponding electrical signal, and output the electrical signal from a corresponding signal channel.
Preferably, the first photosensitive element array 11 and the second photosensitive element array 12 are both photodiode arrays or are both phototriode arrays.
Of course, the first photosensitive element array 11 and the second photosensitive element array 12 may also be other electronic components having a light intensity sensing function.
It should be noted that the first photosensitive element array 11 and the second photosensitive element array 12 may be distributed in an L shape.
For example, it is assumed that the first photosensitive element array 11 includes: a first photodiode L1 and a second photodiode L2, the second photosensitive element array 12 including: the first photodiode L1 and the third photodiode L3 are shown in fig. 4, and the distribution of the photodiodes in the vehicle-mounted solar tracker is shown in fig. 4.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the vehicle-mounted solar tracker includes 3 photodiodes distributed in an L shape, but of course, the vehicle-mounted solar tracker may also include 5 photodiodes distributed in an L shape, in which case, the first photosensitive element array 11 includes 3 photodiodes, and the second photosensitive element array 12 includes 3 photodiodes.
It should be noted that the number of the on-vehicle solar tracker including the photodiodes distributed in the L shape includes, but is not limited to, 3 or 5 in the above embodiments, and may be more, for example, 7, which is determined according to the actual needs, and the present invention is not limited herein.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the light-sensing elements included in the vehicle-mounted solar tracker may also be 4 light-sensing elements distributed in a rectangular shape, or 4 light-sensing elements distributed in a diamond shape, etc.
It should be noted that the number of the photosensitive elements in the vehicle-mounted solar tracker, which are distributed in a rectangular shape, includes but is not limited to 4, and similarly, the number of the photosensitive elements in the vehicle-mounted solar tracker, which are distributed in a diamond shape, includes but is not limited to 4, which depends on the actual needs, and the present invention is not limited herein.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. An on-vehicle solar tracker, comprising:
the first photosensitive element array is vertical to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, wherein each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the sun and outputting the illumination intensity;
the second photosensitive element array is parallel to the central axis of the vehicle body and comprises a plurality of photosensitive elements, wherein each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the sun and outputting the illumination intensity;
the central controller is respectively connected with the first photosensitive element array, the second photosensitive element array and the vehicle-mounted terminal and is used for acquiring each sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element array and obtaining a horizontal factor of the sunlight in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference of each sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element array; acquiring the intensity of each solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element array, and comparing the difference of each solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element array to obtain a vertical factor of the solar ray in the vertical direction; then, finding corresponding sun position information from a corresponding relation among pre-stored horizontal factors, vertical factors and sun position information by using the horizontal factors and the vertical factors, and outputting the sun position information to the vehicle-mounted terminal, wherein the sun position information is position information of the sun relative to the vehicle-mounted sun tracker, and includes: a vertical elevation angle and a horizontal azimuth angle;
when the first photosensitive element array comprises a first photosensitive element and a second photosensitive element, the obtaining of the horizontal factor of the solar ray in the horizontal direction by comparing the difference of the sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element array comprises:
substituting the sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element and the sunlight intensity output by the second photosensitive element into a formula (1) to calculate a horizontal factor of the sunlight in the horizontal direction, wherein the formula (1) is as follows:
in the formula, ηhIs the level factor, Is1Intensity of solar illumination outputted for the first photosensitive element, Is2The intensity of the solar illumination output by the second photosensitive element.
2. The on-vehicle solar tracker according to claim 1, wherein when said second photosensitive element array includes said first photosensitive element and a third photosensitive element, said obtaining a vertical factor of the solar ray in a vertical direction by comparing differences in respective solar illumination intensities output from said second photosensitive element array comprises:
substituting the sunlight intensity output by the first photosensitive element and the sunlight intensity output by the third photosensitive element into a formula (2) to calculate a vertical factor of the sunlight in the vertical direction, wherein the formula (2) is as follows:
in the formula, ηvIs the vertical factor, Is1Intensity of solar illumination outputted for the first photosensitive element, Is3The intensity of the solar illumination output by the third photosensitive element.
3. The vehicular solar tracker according to claim 1, wherein each of the photosensitive elements of the first photosensitive element array for detecting solar illumination intensity and outputting comprises:
each photosensitive element in the first photosensitive element array is used for detecting the intensity of solar illumination, converting the detected intensity of solar illumination into a corresponding electrical signal, and outputting the electrical signal from a corresponding signal channel.
4. The vehicular solar tracker according to claim 1, wherein each of the photosensitive elements in the second photosensitive element array for detecting solar illumination intensity and outputting comprises:
each photosensitive element in the second photosensitive element array is used for detecting the intensity of solar illumination, converting the respective detected intensity of solar illumination into corresponding electrical signals, and outputting the electrical signals from the respective corresponding signal channels.
5. The vehicular solar tracker according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second photosensitive element arrays is a photodiode array.
6. The vehicular solar tracker according to claim 1, wherein the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array are both phototriode arrays.
7. The vehicular solar tracker according to claim 1, wherein the first photosensitive element array and the second photosensitive element array are distributed in an L-shape.
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