CN105954357B - Method that is a kind of while measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step - Google Patents
Method that is a kind of while measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step Download PDFInfo
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- CN105954357B CN105954357B CN201610266128.1A CN201610266128A CN105954357B CN 105954357 B CN105954357 B CN 105954357B CN 201610266128 A CN201610266128 A CN 201610266128A CN 105954357 B CN105954357 B CN 105954357B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously, the method is using the explosive charge of test blasthole bottom as focus, with the vibration measurement instrument that different level bench face middle and lower part is arranged in, obtain the vibration of base rock signal that vibration measurement instrument corresponds to vibration measuring point, the relative time that range difference according to two corresponding vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location reaches vibration measuring point divided by acquired vibration signal is poor, the velocity of sound of corresponding region rock mass is calculated, thus measurement while realizing the multi-step horizontal rock mass velocity of sound.The method of the present invention is applicable on site while measuring the rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step level, calculate the rupture degree of detecting rock, foundation is provided for Analysis of Slope Stability, slope reinforcement scheme design and the design of side slope shaping blasting, it can be used in surface mine blasting engineering or ditch excavation project, the Impedance matching situation of explosive and rock in work progress is obtained, to provide foundation for preferred explosive kind, design explosive property, adjustment data of explosive filled.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of measurement method of velocity of sound, especially a kind of side for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously
Method, the prediction of rock mass globality and the lithology forecast etc. when ditch Excavation blasting, surface mine exploitation explosion for belonging to slope project
Technical field.
Background technique
In the large size earth and rock works such as slope project and mine engineering, it is often necessary to measure the velocity of sound of rock, lead to usual acoustic
The velocity of sound of wave survey meter testing standard rock sample, or use and be embedded in the intracorporal charge detonation of rock as focus test vibration wave in week
Spread speed in country rock body, i.e. the rock mass velocity of sound, although two methods are common rock acoustic measuring method, meaning
There is larger difference.The velocity of sound of rock is related with its level of breakage, and rupture is more serious, and the velocity of sound is lower.The former is by the anti-of sound wave
Penetrate test polishing rock sample with respect to the scope of freedom transmission time difference, then with polish rock sample relatively the scope of freedom distance divided by sound wave when
Difference, the surveyed velocity of sound are the velocities of sound through the complete rock sample polished, i.e., the whole sillar velocity of sound；The latter's measurement is having under actual condition
The velocity of sound of the rock mass of joint fissure is generally smaller than the former.
The research object for the engineerings such as the stability analysis of rock slope, slope rock mass are reinforced, mine bench blasting is constructed is equal
It is the rock mass for having certain level of breakage, has larger difference with the sillar completely without crack.In slope project, by visiting in advance
It is compared, with the two difference and rock by the rock mass velocity of sound for surveying different step levels with the velocity of sound of corresponding position sillar sample
The ratio of the block sample velocity of sound differentiates the level of breakage of rock mass, is slope stability analysis, reinforcement of a slope, side slope pre split explosion or light
Explosion design in face provides foundation；It, can also be by testing different step water in open mine project or ditch excavation project
The flat rock mass velocity of sound obtains the Impedance matching situation of explosive and rock in work progress, thus for preferred explosive kind, design
Explosive property, adjustment data of explosive filled provide foundation, realize fine explosion and environmentally friendly explosion.It can be seen that efficiently measuring more
The velocity of sound of the horizontal rock mass of rank is the urgent need of the engineerings such as slope project, mine engineering.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously, this method can pass through
The explosion of the base charge of blast working blasthole or independent test blasthole is used as focus, under being arranged in different level bench face
The vibration measurement instrument in portion obtains the vibration of base rock signal of corresponding vibration measuring point, according to two corresponding vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location
Range difference calculate the velocity of sound of corresponding region rock mass divided by the reaching time-difference for obtaining vibration signal, realize the horizontal rock of multi-step
It is measured while the body velocity of sound.
The purpose of the present invention can be reached by adopting the following technical scheme that:
Method that is a kind of while measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step, the method are quick-fried using the explosive of test blasthole bottom
It is fried to be used as focus, with the vibration measurement instrument that different level bench face middle and lower part is arranged in, obtains vibration measurement instrument and correspond to vibration measuring point
Vibration of base rock signal, the range difference according to two corresponding vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location are reached divided by acquired vibration signal
The relative time of vibration measuring point is poor, calculates the velocity of sound of corresponding region rock mass, thus while realizing the multi-step horizontal rock mass velocity of sound
Measurement.
As a preferred embodiment, it the described method comprises the following steps:
If 1) select the quick-fried blasthole of elder generation in quick-fried area as test blasthole, otherwise, selection is leaned on using the blasthole of normal blast working
A blasthole is bored in the position near side (ns) slope, as test blasthole；
2) depth of measurement test blasthole, determines the buried depth of fire point；
3) benchmark vibration measuring point, the cloth on the bench face of next step level are arranged on the bench face of this step level
Benchmark vibration measuring point is set, arranges benchmark vibration measuring point ..., each benchmark on the bench face of next step level under
Vibration measuring point is respectively positioned on by test blasthole and perpendicular on the vertical plane of bench face, i.e., each benchmark vibration measuring point and test blasthole
It is coplanar；Wherein, each benchmark vibration measuring point is arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part；
4) other vibration measuring points are arranged in the one or both sides of each benchmark vibration measuring point of same step level, other vibration measuring points
It with benchmark vibration measuring point in same elevation, and is arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part, each vibration measuring point has one
Vibration measurement instrument；
5) three-dimensional coordinate of fire point and each vibration measuring point is measured；
6) powder charge is carried out to test blasthole；
7) each vibration measurement instrument is connect with synchronous signal acquisition device, and starts synchronous signal acquisition device, into shape to be measured
State；
8) according to shotfiring safety regulatory requirements, blast warning is carried out, then assigns detonation order；
9) after detonating, according to fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point, the propagation path of vibration of base rock signal is calculated；
The time that vibration signal reaches each vibration measuring point is read from synchronous signal acquisition device respectively；
10) range difference according to related two vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location is reached divided by acquired vibration signal
The velocity of sound of time difference acquisition corresponding region rock mass.
As a preferred embodiment, the method also includes:
11) in slope project, by measuring the rock mass velocity of sound of different step levels, by the velocity of sound and corresponding position of measurement
The velocity of sound of sillar sample is compared, and the level of breakage of rock mass is differentiated with the ratio of the two difference and the sillar sample velocity of sound, is side slope
Stability analysis, reinforcement of a slope, side slope pre split explosion or design of smooth blasting provide foundation.
As a preferred embodiment, the method also includes:
11) in surface mine blasting engineering or ditch excavation project, by the rock mass sound for measuring different step levels
Speed, obtain work progress in explosive and rock Impedance matching situation, thus for preferred explosive kind, design explosive property,
It adjusts data of explosive filled and foundation is provided.
As a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the depth of the test blasthole is greater than or equal to a step height.
As a preferred embodiment, in step 2), the buried depth of the determining fire point, specifically:
When the blasthole using normal blast working is as test blasthole, the buried depth of fire point is the test blasthole
Depth；When selecting to bore a blasthole close to the position of side slope as test blasthole, the buried depth of fire point is test blasthole
Depth subtract 1/2 powder charge section depth.
As a preferred embodiment, in step 5), the three-dimensional coordinate of the measurement fire point and each vibration measuring point, specifically
Are as follows:
The three-dimensional coordinate of fire point measures acquisition, the i.e. azimuthal coordinates of fire point and blasthole aperture azimuthal coordinates phase indirectly
Together, the elevation coordinate of fire point is the buried depth that blasthole aperture elevation subtracts fire point；The three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point is straight
Measurement is connect to obtain.
As a preferred embodiment, in step 5), the three-dimensional coordinate of the fire point and each vibration measuring point utilizes total station
Or GPS measurement.
As a preferred embodiment, the vibration measurement instrument is vibrating sensor.
The present invention have compared with the existing technology it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the method for the present invention obtains vibration measurement instrument pair using the vibration measurement instrument that different level bench face middle and lower part is arranged in
The vibration of base rock signal for answering vibration measuring point, the range difference according to two corresponding vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location is divided by acquired vibration
The relative time that dynamic signal reaches vibration measuring point is poor, the velocity of sound of corresponding region rock mass is calculated, to realize the horizontal rock mass of multi-step
It is measured while the velocity of sound.
2, the method for the present invention carries out the laying of multiple vibration measuring points to the same hypocenter of the explosion simultaneously, and reasonable combination uses two
The data of vibration measuring point, the i.e. range difference with two vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location are divided by the arrival time for obtaining vibration signal
Difference obtains the velocity of sound of corresponding region rock mass, can such as be surveyed by two be arranged in the test horizontal slope surface of the same step of blasthole
Vibration point obtains the velocity of sound of this step rock mass, is obtained by two vibration measuring points being arranged in the test lower horizontal slope surface of a step of blasthole
The velocity of sound of next step rock mass passes through the two benchmark survey for being located at next step and being got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation in slope surface under on same vertical plane
The velocity of sound for rock mass of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under acquisition is put in vibration.
3, vibration measuring point is arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part by the method for the present invention, does not need to carry out mine work
Make to arrange vibration measuring point again after protolith is exposed in platform cleaning, the also interference without mine working face void slag blanket to measuring signal.
4, in the method for the present invention, vibration measuring point arrangement requires that benchmark vibration measuring point is arranged in the slope surface of each step, each
Benchmark vibration measuring point in the same plane, the plane be test blasthole bench face vertical plane, other vibration measuring points with it is same
The elevation of the benchmark vibration measuring point of step level is almost the same, is conducive to the processing and analysis of experimental data, it is ensured that calculate acquisition
The rock mass velocity of sound is matched with rock mass region division.
5, the method for the present invention is necessary to ensure that the line of each vibration measuring point and point initiation is rock, must not there is hanging section,
So the depth of test blasthole is to be slightly larger than or equal to one step height is advisable, it is preferable that fire point is located at blasthole bottom.
6, the method for the present invention is applicable on site while measuring the rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step level, calculates the rupture of detecting rock
Degree provides foundation for Analysis of Slope Stability, slope reinforcement scheme design and the design of side slope shaping blasting, can be used for studying
The explosive of the Impedance matching relationship and different performance parameter of explosive and rock when ditch Excavation blasting, surface mine exploitation explosion
Acting is crushed the total energy approach rate of specific rock mass after explosion, thus optimum blast design, raising blasting efficiency, reduction explosion
Cost.
Detailed description of the invention
The method schematic of the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step is measured while Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Wherein, 1- blasthole, 2- powder charge section, 3- block section, 4- priming device, the bench face of 5- this step level, under 6-
The bench face of one step level, horizontal bench face of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under 7-, 8- synchronous signal acquisition device.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but embodiments of the present invention are unlimited
In this.
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, it is necessary first to blasthole 1 is bored on upper step working face, the depth of blasthole 1 is to be slightly larger than or be equal to
One step height is advisable, and explosive is loaded as powder charge section 2 in blasthole bottom, and top is blocking section 3；When design explosive payload is more
When, priming device 4 is located at blasthole bottom O point；When explosive payload is less, when can regard pack as, priming device 4 is located in pack
Between；After 1 position of blasthole determines, benchmark vibration measuring point is set on the several bench faces in lower section；In the step of this step level
Benchmark vibration measuring point A is set in slope surface 5, benchmark vibration measuring point B is set on the bench face 6 of next step level, is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under
Benchmark vibration measuring point C is set on horizontal bench face 7；Benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C are respectively positioned on by blasthole 1 and perpendicular to step
On the vertical plane of slope surface, i.e. benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C is coplanar with vertical blasthole and vertical with bench face, other vibration measuring points
(vibration measuring point D and E) is arranged in the one or both sides of each benchmark vibration measuring point of same step level, and elevation and the step are horizontal
Benchmark vibration measuring point it is almost the same.
After vibration measuring point arranges, the depth and aperture coordinate of repetition measurement blasthole 1, to calculate the position for the interior fire point O that portals
It sets；The coordinate of each vibration measuring point of repetition measurement calculates separately each vibration measuring point at a distance from fire point O, before 1 powder charge of blasthole, in institute
If vibration measuring point location arrangements test equipment, and vibration signal is acquired using synchronous signal acquisition device 8；
After test equipment is ready, priming device 4, then powder charge, blocking, networking, warning first are filled in the bottom of blasthole 1,
Then start synchronous signal acquisition device 8, start while recording the vibration signal of each vibration measuring point, finally assign detonation order；It rises
After burst point O detonation, vibration wave is propagated and decayed to the stress wave direction peripheral rock for generation of exploding, and finally along fire point O and
The line of each vibration measuring point travels to each vibration measuring point, and the closer vibration measuring point of distance is more early to collect vibration signal.
After on-the-spot test, data processing and analysis are carried out, is calculated and is shaken according to the three-dimensional coordinate of fire point O and each vibration measuring point
The length of propagation path OA, OB, OC, OD, OE of dynamic wave, while vibration measurement instrument start recording data are read respectively to blasting vibration
The time t of wave arrival benchmark vibration measuring point A, B, C and other vibration measuring points D, EA、tB、tC、tDAnd tE；According to related two vibration measuring points away from
Range difference from initial hypocentral location obtains the velocity of sound of relevant range rock mass divided by the reaching time-difference for obtaining vibration signal, passes through
The two vibration measuring points of A and D being arranged in the test horizontal slope surface of the same step of blasthole obtain the velocity of sound of this step rock mass, pass through arrangement
Two vibration measuring points of B and E in the case where testing blasthole in the horizontal slope surface of one step obtain the velocity of sound of next step rock mass, by same perpendicular
That faces directly is located at the sound for rock mass of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under two benchmark vibration measuring the point B and C that next step is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under in slope surface are obtained
Speed.Therefore, the velocity of sound C of this step rock massOn=(OD-OA)/(tD–tA), the velocity of sound C of next step rock massIn=(OE-OB)/(tE–
tB), under get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the velocity of sound C of rock massUnder=(OC-OB)/(tC–tB)。
After measuring adjacent three steps rock mass velocity of sound, it can be compared with the velocity of sound of each step sillar sample,
Judge the level of breakage of each step rock mass；When rock mass completely without crack when, the differences of two velocities of sound is 0, level of breakage coefficient
It is 0；With the increase of rock masses fracturing degree, the level of breakage coefficient of surveyed rock mass will be gradually increased；So the present invention can make
For Analysis of Slope Stability, slope reinforcement scheme design and subsequent side slope molding control explosion design, (such as presplit blasting, smooth surface is quick-fried
It is broken) important evidence.
It is contemplated that the present invention may be use with research ditch explosion, surface mine bench blasting when explosive and rock matching relationship and
Acting is crushed the total energy approach rate of specific rock mass after the explosive charge of different performance parameter, to optimum blast design, mention
High blasting efficiency reduces blasting cost；Because when rock blasting, it is generally recognized that when the wave impedance of explosive and rock matches, fry
The energy that medicine passes to rock is most, and caused strain value is maximum in rock, can get preferable demolition effect；In order to obtain
The match condition of explosive and wave impedance of rock needs to measure explosive density, explosion velocity of explosive, rock density and rock acoustic four respectively
A physical quantity；The present invention can measure the velocity of sound of the horizontal rock mass of stope difference step, thus to be preferably fried during blast working
Drug kind, design explosive property, adjustment data of explosive filled provide foundation, and the energy discharged when giving full play to explosive charge carrys out kata-rocks
Body realizes fine explosion and environmentally friendly explosion.
Embodiment 2:
The method that the multi-step horizontal rock mass velocity of sound is measured while the present embodiment, using a test blasthole explosion as shake
Source is simutaneously arranged multiple vibration measuring point acquisition vibration signals, and reasonable combination uses the vibration signal arrival time of two vibration measuring points, i.e.,
Range difference with two vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location obtains relevant range divided by the reaching time-difference of obtained vibration signal
The velocity of sound of rock mass, main construction procedure are as follows:
1) test blasthole prepares: if selecting the quick-fried blasthole of elder generation in quick-fried area as test big gun using the blasthole of normal blast working
Hole, the explosion of explosive is as focus in the test blasthole, it is ensured that reaches the quick-fried big gun of elder generation in vibration signal from the quick-fried area of each vibration measuring point
The fire point in hole (detonation blasthole first) issues, and avoids interference of the subsequent detonation blasthole to test signal, or even the initial shake of erroneous judgement
Source position；Otherwise, it selects to bore a blasthole close to the position of side slope, as test blasthole, drilling depth requires to be more than that step is high
1~2 meter of degree is advisable；
2) measure blast hole depth: the depth of measurement test blasthole determines the buried depth of fire point O；When using normal quick-fried
, need to be in such a way that blasthole bottom to be detonated when the blasthole of broken construction is as test blasthole, the buried depth of fire point O is the test
The depth of blasthole；When select close to side slope position bore a blasthole as test blasthole when, that is, use independent test blasthole into
When row test, blasthole base charge approximation point pack, the buried depth of fire point O is that the depth of test blasthole subtracts 1/2 dress
Medicine section depth；
3) benchmark vibration measuring point is arranged: benchmark test point is laid on two neighboring bench face in this step and below,
Benchmark vibration measuring point A is arranged on the bench face of step level, and benchmark vibration measuring point is arranged on the bench face of next step level
B arranges that benchmark vibration measuring point C, benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C are respectively positioned on by test under on the bench face of next step level
Blasthole (blasthole that the test blasthole is vertically arranged) and perpendicular on the vertical plane of bench face, i.e. benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C
It is coplanar with test blasthole；Wherein, benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C are arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part；
4) other vibration measuring points are arranged: arranging other surveys in the one or both sides of each benchmark vibration measuring point of same step level
Shake point, other vibration measuring points and benchmark vibration measuring point are arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part substantially in same elevation,
Each vibration measuring point has a vibration measurement instrument；
5) it measures the three-dimensional coordinate of fire point and each vibration measuring point: utilizing total station or GPS measurement fire point O and each survey
The three-dimensional coordinate of vibration point, the three-dimensional coordinate of fire point O measure acquisition, the i.e. azimuthal coordinates of fire point O and blasthole aperture indirectly
Azimuthal coordinates are identical, and the elevation coordinate of fire point O is the buried depth that blasthole aperture elevation subtracts fire point；Each vibration measuring point
Three-dimensional coordinate directly measures acquisition；
6) powder charge: according to test experiments scheme, powder charge, blocking and networking are carried out, it is specifically intended that the detonation of instrument connection
Point buried depth will be determined according to testing scheme, minimize error；
7) synchronous signal acquisition device connects: each vibration measurement instrument being connect with synchronous signal acquisition device, and starts synchronous letter
Number collector, into state to be measured；
8) according to shotfiring safety regulatory requirements, blast warning is carried out, then assigns detonation order, carries out safe inspection after detonation
It looks into, confirmation is without can release warning after security risk；
9) test data is compiled: after detonation, according to fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point, calculating country rock vibration
The length of propagation path OA, OB, OC, OD, OE of dynamic signal；Remember reading vibration measurement instrument since synchronous signal acquisition device respectively
The time that data reach benchmark vibration measuring point A, B, C and other vibration measuring points D, E to vibration signal is recorded, t is denoted asA、tB、tC、tDAnd tE；
10) different step rock acoustics calculate: the range difference according to related two vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location removes
The velocity of sound that corresponding region rock mass is obtained with the time difference that acquired vibration signal reaches, by being arranged in the test same step of blasthole
Two vibration measuring points of A and D in horizontal slope surface obtain the velocity of sound of this step rock mass, horizontal by being arranged in the lower step of test blasthole
Two vibration measuring points of B and E in slope surface obtain the velocity of sound of next step rock mass, by same vertical plane be located at next step and
Under get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the velocity of sound of rock mass of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under two benchmark vibration measuring point B and C in slope surface are obtained.Therefore, the sound of this step rock mass
Fast COn=(OD-OA)/(tD–tA), the velocity of sound C of next step rock massIn=(OE-OB)/(tE–tB), under get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the velocity of sound of rock mass
CUnder=(OC-OB)/(tC–tB)；
11) in slope project, by measuring the rock mass velocity of sound of different step levels, by the velocity of sound and corresponding position of measurement
The velocity of sound of sillar sample is compared, and the level of breakage of rock mass is differentiated with the ratio of the two difference and the sillar sample velocity of sound, is side slope
Stability analysis, reinforcement of a slope, side slope pre split explosion or design of smooth blasting provide foundation；In surface mine blasting engineering or
In person's ditch excavation project, explosive and rock in work progress can be obtained by the rock mass velocity of sound of the different step levels of measurement
Impedance matching situation realize essence to provide foundation for preferred explosive kind, design explosive property, adjustment data of explosive filled
Thin explosion and environmentally friendly explosion.
The above, only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any ripe
Know those skilled in the art within the scope of the present disclosure, according to the technical scheme of the invention and its inventive conception
It is subject to equivalent substitution or change, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously, it is characterised in that: the described method comprises the following steps:
If 1) select the quick-fried blasthole of elder generation in quick-fried area as test blasthole, otherwise, near side (ns) is leaned in selection using the blasthole of normal blast working
A blasthole is bored in the position on slope, as test blasthole；
2) depth of measurement test blasthole, determines the buried depth of fire point O；Fire point O is located at test blasthole bottom, tests big gun
Hole depth is slightly larger than or is equal to a step height；Bore position is on the stair working face of this step level；
3) benchmark vibration measuring point A is set on the bench face of this step level, is arranged on the bench face of next step level
Benchmark vibration measuring point C is arranged on horizontal bench face of getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation under by benchmark vibration measuring point B；Benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C are respectively positioned on
By test blasthole and perpendicular on the vertical plane of bench face, i.e. benchmark vibration measuring point A, B and C is coplanar with vertical blasthole, and with
Bench face is vertical；Wherein, each benchmark vibration measuring point is arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part；
4) other vibration measurings point D and E, vibration measuring point D high are arranged in the one or both sides of each benchmark vibration measuring point of same step level
The benchmark vibration measuring point A of journey and step level is almost the same, and vibration measuring point E elevation and the benchmark vibration measuring point B of step level are basic
Unanimously；And other vibration measuring points are arranged on the exposed protolith of bench face middle and lower part, benchmark vibration measuring point is every with other vibration measuring points
A vibration measuring point has a vibration measurement instrument；
5) three-dimensional coordinate of fire point and each vibration measuring point is measured；
6) powder charge is carried out to test blasthole；
7) each vibration measurement instrument is connect with synchronous signal acquisition device, and starts synchronous signal acquisition device, into state to be measured；
8) according to shotfiring safety regulatory requirements, blast warning is carried out, then assigns detonation order；
9) after detonating, according to fire point and the three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point, calculate vibration of base rock signal propagation path OA,
The length of OB, OC, OD, OE；The time t that vibration signal reaches each vibration measuring point is read from synchronous signal acquisition device respectivelyA、tB、
tC、tDAnd tE；
10) time that the range difference according to related two vibration measuring points apart from initial hypocentral location is reached divided by acquired vibration signal
Difference obtains the velocity of sound of corresponding region rock mass；Pass through the two vibration measuring points of A and D being arranged in the test horizontal slope surface of the same step of blasthole
Obtain the velocity of sound of this step rock mass, the velocity of sound C of this step rock massOn=(OD-OA)/(tD–tA)；By being arranged under test blasthole
Two vibration measuring points of B and E in the horizontal slope surface of one step obtain the velocity of sound of next step rock mass, the velocity of sound C of next step rock massIn=
(OE–OB)/(tE–tB)；Pass through the two benchmark vibration measuring points for being located at next step and getting out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation in slope surface under on same vertical plane
B and C get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the velocity of sound of rock mass under obtaining, under get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the velocity of sound C of rock massUnder=(OC-OB)/(tC–tB)。
2. a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Method further include:
11) in slope project, by measuring the rock mass velocity of sound of different step levels, by the velocity of sound of measurement and corresponding position sillar
The velocity of sound of sample is compared, and the level of breakage of rock mass is differentiated with the ratio of the two difference and the sillar sample velocity of sound, is stability of slope
Analysis, reinforcement of a slope, side slope pre split explosion or design of smooth blasting provide foundation.
3. a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Method further include:
11) it in surface mine blasting engineering or ditch excavation project, by measuring the rock mass velocity of sound of different step levels, obtains
The Impedance matching situation of explosive and rock in work progress is obtained, thus for preferred explosive kind, design explosive property, adjustment dress
Medicine parameter provides foundation.
4. a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously according to claim 1-3, feature
It is: in step 2, the buried depth of the determining fire point, specifically:
When the blasthole using normal blast working is as test blasthole, the buried depth of fire point is the depth of the test blasthole
Degree；When selecting to bore a blasthole close to the position of side slope as test blasthole, explosive, big gun are loaded as powder charge section in blasthole bottom
Hole base charge approximation point pack, the buried depth of fire point are that the depth of test blasthole subtracts 1/2 powder charge section depth.
5. a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: step
5) in, the three-dimensional coordinate of the measurement fire point and each vibration measuring point, specifically:
The three-dimensional coordinate of fire point measures acquisition, i.e. azimuthal coordinates (X, Y) and the blasthole aperture azimuthal coordinates phase of fire point O indirectly
Together, the elevation coordinate Z of fire point O is the buried depth that blasthole aperture elevation subtracts fire point；The three-dimensional coordinate of each vibration measuring point
Directly measurement obtains.
6. a kind of method for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: step
5) in, the three-dimensional coordinate of the fire point and each vibration measuring point is measured using total station or GPS.
7. -3, a kind of described in any item methods for measuring the horizontal rock mass velocity of sound of multi-step simultaneously of 5-6 according to claim 1,
Be characterized in that: the vibration measurement instrument is vibrating sensor.
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| US10399707B2 (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2019-09-03 | The Boeing Company | Nano-energetic applications for aircraft |
| CN107152964B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-11-22 | 北京市市政三建设工程有限责任公司 | The Blast Vibration Monitoring method of buried underground water supply pipelines in a kind of construction of tunnel benching tunnelling method |
| CN110297039A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-10-01 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | The acoustic detection method of tunnel surrounding explosion lesion depths |
| CN109270243B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-11-30 | 重庆交通大学 | Frozen soil blasting model test system and test method thereof |
| CN109613607A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-04-12 | 保利新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | A kind of difference height difference attenuation of seismic waves propagation test method |
| CN110360907A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-22 | 中冶集团资源开发有限公司 | A kind of side slope step expansion side blasting method throughout broken jointed rock mass |
| CN111189534B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-12-25 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Method for improving accuracy of aligning blasting vibration meter sensor to blasting core |
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| CN105224742A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2016-01-06 | 鞍钢集团矿业公司 | A kind of blast action of analyzing is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation the method for slope stability |
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