CN105953960B - A kind of foundation of database for being used to evaluate train body safety and application method - Google Patents

A kind of foundation of database for being used to evaluate train body safety and application method Download PDF

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CN105953960B
CN105953960B CN201610246825.0A CN201610246825A CN105953960B CN 105953960 B CN105953960 B CN 105953960B CN 201610246825 A CN201610246825 A CN 201610246825A CN 105953960 B CN105953960 B CN 105953960B
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stress
welding position
welding
base material
optimum experiment
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CN105953960A (en
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朱其猛
苟国庆
陈佳
朱忠尹
刘艳
于金朋
覃超
安江丽
刘亚丽
祝鹏飞
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Southwest Jiaotong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses

Abstract

A kind of foundation of database for being used to evaluate train body safety and application method.The method for building up of the database is：First by preparing base material stress test sample corresponding with typical case welding position each on train body and connector stress test sample, the fatigue safety stress value, Stress corrosion threshold and compression limiting value of welding position joint area and base material region are determined.Then the residual stress test of typical welding position is measured, determines the safe class of each welding position, further according to the maintenance stage of train as a result, correcting the safe class of welding position, that is, establishes the database that can be used for evaluation train body safety.The database, which can optimize the stress state of car body, provides accurate instruction.During the use of database, the residual stress state that various schemes continue to optimize welding position can be passed through, improve the safe class of welding position, Instructing manufacture next column train makes its residual stress state tend to optimize, and improves train security performance.

Description

A kind of foundation of database for being used to evaluate train body safety and application method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for evaluating the foundation of the database of train body safety and application method, belongs at a high speed Train is evaluated safely and area of maintenance.
Background technology
With the rapid development of Chinese high-speed train track traffic, weld as a pass in rail traffic bullet train Key technology, for welding quality in the quality for also determining bullet train vehicle to a certain degree, welding residual stress level is evaluation welding The major criterion of quality, because the destruction that welding residual stress generates is the main reason for joint area is destroyed, welding is remaining should The destruction of power mainly includes reducing fatigue life, increases Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, causes welding structure buckling deformation, reduces structure Rigidity etc..Rail traffic high-speed train body is complicated, and weld seam number is more, and intersection welding line structure quantity is also larger, production system Fixture of higher-strength etc. can all bring higher residual stress during making.Complicated structure is to the stress state of each position It is required that also having more apparent difference, such as side wall of non-principal load bearing component, ceiling, floor has higher residual tension The security reliability of structure will not generally also be reduced, but due to side wall, ceiling, floor usually using thinner thickness aluminium alloy material Material, higher residual compressive stress would generally cause more apparent buckling deformation, reduce the dimensional accuracy of structure；And Undercarriage structure Belong to primary load bearing structure, it is complicated, and the material used is usually 7 higher line aluminium alloys of intensity, but 7 line aluminium alloys have There is stronger Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, higher residual tension easily generates serious harm to chassis framework, but if chassis In the presence of higher residual compressive stress, the security reliability of Undercarriage structure can be significantly improved.
Car body residual stress test, residual with previous car body is only resided within for the Study on Residual Stresses of bullet train at present For the simply comparison etc. of residue stress test result compared with shallow hierarchy, complicated car body causes residual stress test data volume huge, it is difficult to pass through Scientific and effective method is analyzed it and is applied, and when there is residual stress destruction, is just answered according to actual conditions Power processing fails to formulate prevention scheme.
Invention content
The goal of the invention of the present invention is to provide a kind of foundation side for the database for being used to evaluate train body safety Method.The database generalization utilizes residual stress test result, the feature according to test position material and joint area of car body, And the test result of Binding experiment room, evaluate the stress state of car body.
The present invention realizes that its goal of the invention is adopted the technical scheme that：A kind of number for being used to evaluate train body safety According to the method for building up in library, include the following steps：
A, stress safety value is measured
A1, stress test sample is prepared：Collect the material category of each typical welding position, welding point on train body Form and welding method remember the welding position knMaterial category be γn, welding point form be δn, welding method ηn, Wherein n is welding position k typical on train bodynNumber, n=1,2 ... ... N-1, N, N is typical on train body Welding position knNumber；
It chooses and each typical welding position k on train bodynIdentical material category γnBase material test plate (panel) two batches, to it Middle a batch base material test plate (panel) is taken and each welding position knIdentical welding point form δnWith welding method ηnIt is welded It connects, stress relief annealing process is carried out after welding, obtain and typical welding position k each on the train bodynJoint area Corresponding connector stress test sample snNamely with the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination Corresponding connector stress test sample sn；Each welding position knJoint area corresponds to multiple identical connector stress test samples sn；Another batch of base material test plate (panel) is without any processing, is denoted as and typical welding position k each on the train bodynBase material region Corresponding base material stress test sample mnNamely with the material category γnCorresponding base material stress test sample mn, each weld part Position knBase material region corresponds to multiple identical base material stress test sample mn；
A2, one group and each welding position k are chosennThe one-to-one connector stress test sample s of joint areanIt should with base material Power test specimens mn, fatigue test is carried out, determines connector stress test sample s respectivelynFatigue safety stress value σcnWith base material stress Test specimens mnFatigue safety stress value σdn；The connector stress test sample snFatigue safety stress value σcnAs connect with described Head stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacnNamely the material category γn、 Welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination fatigue safety stress value σcn；The base material stress test sample mnFatigue Safe stress value σdnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress in base material region Value σdnNamely the material category γnFatigue safety stress value σdn；
A3, one group of welding position k with each stress corrosion sensitive material is chosennOne-to-one connector stress test sample snWith base material stress test sample mn, Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion experiment is carried out, determines the connector stress test sample s respectivelynStress Corrode threshold value σanWith base material stress test sample mnStress corrosion threshold σbn；The connector stress test sample snStress it is rotten Lose threshold value σanAs with the connector stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold of joint area σanNamely the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination Stress corrosion threshold σan；Institute State base material stress test sample mnStress corrosion threshold σbnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position kn The Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbnNamely the material category γnStress corrosion threshold σbn；
A4, one group of welding position k with each thin-walled material is chosennOne-to-one connector stress test sample snAnd base material Stress test sample mn, compression sensitivity tests is carried out, determines the connector stress test sample s respectivelynCompression limiting value σenWith base material stress test sample mnCompression limiting value σfn；The connector stress test sample snCompression limiting value σenAs With the connector stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaenNamely the material kind Class γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination compression limiting value σen；The base material stress test sample mn's Compression limiting value σfnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limit in base material region Value σfnNamely the material category γnCompression limiting value σfn；
B, each welding position k of train body is determinednSafe class
B1, to typical welding position k each on train bodynJoint area and base material region carry out it is lossless it is remaining should Power is tested, and remembers welding position knThe residual stress of joint area is σin, remember welding position knThe residual stress in base material region is σjn；
B2, each welding position k is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith the welding position knJoint area Fatigue safety stress value σcn, each welding position knThe residual stress σ in base material regionjnWith the welding position knBase material region Fatigue safety stress value σdnIf σin＜ σcnAnd σjn＜ σdn, remember the welding position knFatigue safety grade to be excellent, otherwise, Remember the welding position knFatigue safety grade to be poor；
If B3, welding position knFor stress corrosion sensitive material, then the welding position k is compared successivelynJoint area it is residual Residue stress σinWith the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, the welding position knBase material region it is residual Residue stress σjnWith the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbnIf σin＜ σanAnd σjn＜ σbn, described in note Welding position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember the welding position knStress corrosion sensitive security etc. Grade is poor；If welding position knNot have the material of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, then the welding position k is rememberednStress corrosion it is quick It is excellent to feel safe class；
If B4, welding position knFor thin-walled material, then the welding position k is compared successivelynThe residual stress of joint area σinWith the welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaen, the welding position knThe residual stress σ in base material regionjn With the welding position knThe compression limiting value σ in base material regionfnIf σin＜ σenAnd σjn＜ σfn, remember the welding position kn's Compression safe class is excellent, otherwise, remembers the welding position knCompression safe class to be poor；If welding position knIt is non- Thin-walled material then remembers the welding position knCompression safe class to be excellent；
C, preliminary data library is established
Preliminary data library is established, the database includes：1. train essential information；2. each welding position on train body knPosition on the car body；3. welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηn； The welding position k that 4.A is walkednThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, fatigue safety stress value σcnAnd compression Limiting value σen, the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbn, fatigue safety stress value σdnWith compression pole Limit value σfn；To the welding position k in 5.B stepsnThe test position of progress residual stress test, test mode, test obtain The welding position knThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith the residual stress σ in base material regionjn, the welding position knFatigue Safe class, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class；
D, Database repairs
The maintenance stage during train military service is to each welding position knIt carries out remaining residual stress and destroys situation inspection It surveys, welding position k described in the database established according to testing result to C stepsnSafe class be modified:
If welding position knThere is fatigue rupture, but welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be excellent, Then correct welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be good；If welding position knDo not occur fatigue rupture, but Welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be poor, then correct welding position k described in databasenFatigue peace Congruent grade is good；
If the welding position k of stress corrosion sensitive materialnThere is stress corrosion to destroy, but weld part described in database Position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, then correct welding position k described in databasenStress corrosion sensitive security Grade is good；If the welding position k of stress corrosion sensitive materialnDo not occur stress corrosion destruction, but welded described in database Socket part position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be poor, then correct welding position k described in databasenStress corrosion it is sensitive Safe class is good；
If the welding position k of thin-walled materialnThere is compression unstability, but welding position k described in databasenPressure should Power safe class is excellent, then corrects welding position k described in databasenCompression safe class to be good；If thin-walled material Welding position knDo not occur compression unstability, but welding position k described in databasenCompression safe class to be poor, then repair Welding position k described in correction data librarynCompression safe class to be good；
Complete welding position k described in databasenThe amendment of safe class is completed to evaluate train body safety Database foundation.
The stress safety value that foregoing invention option A walks, i.e. welding position knJoint area and the stress in base material region Corrode that threshold value, fatigue safety stress value and compression limiting value be main and material category, welding point form and welding method It is related, so the welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith compression pole Limit value σenNamely the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination fatigue safety stress value σcn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith compression limiting value σen；The welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value in base material region σdn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfnNamely the material category γnFatigue safety stress value σdn, should Power corrosion threshold value σbnWith compression limiting value σfn。
Fatigue safety value in the present invention refers to that service load is overlapped mutually can occur that fatigue life is decreased obviously one Numerical value.Present train body welding position material mainly has to high 5,6,7 line aluminium alloy of iron material, when carrying out fatigue experiment, when (tensile strength is by being no less than three groups of parallel sample tension failure when institutes when residual tension value reaches the 80% of tensile strength Apply the average value of stress), fatigue life declines apparent.The fatigue safety stress value in 6 line aluminium alloy base material regions is 164MPa, The fatigue safety stress value in welding point region is 96MPa, and the fatigue safety stress value in 5 line aluminium alloy base material regions is 100MPa, the fatigue safety stress value in welding point region is 100MPa, and the fatigue safety in 7 tie-plate material aluminium alloy base material regions should Force value is 156MPa, and the fatigue safety stress value in welding point region is 140.8MPa, and 7 be the tired of section bar aluminium alloy base material region Labor safe stress value is 196MPa, and the fatigue safety stress value in welding point region is 164MPa.
The material that stress corrosion occurs in present train body material is only 7 line aluminium alloys used on chassis, should Power corrosion threshold value asks method reference《Bullet train A7N01S-T5 aluminum alloy stress corrosion behavioral studies》, material science and work Skill, 2012,20 (4), 134-139, the Stress corrosion threshold that 7 line aluminium alloys are obtained through experiment is 125MPa.
Thin-walled material has more apparent compression sensibility, and (thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm all in high ferro car body The thin-walled material being defined as in the present invention), when compression reaches certain numerical value, buckling deformation is easily caused, laboratory passes through Stress relief annealing process is carried out first to thin-walled material, then thin-walled material apply pressing by omnipotent mechanics machine and be answered Power when buckling deformation occurs for thin-walled material, determines the stress value that the compression applied at this time is buckling deformation, since high speed arranges Vehicle also suffers from own load effect during military service, so the value of compressive stress that experiment obtains is highest stress value, due to (i.e. extruding of the other components of car body to studied position stretches car body itself additional load, effect of contraction or service brake During the position studied is generated squeeze or stretch) it is relatively small, practical buckling deformation safety value will also slightly Less than test value.For example 5 systems and 6 line aluminium alloy thin plates have been carried out with buckling deformation experiment in laboratory, it is that Thin-walled Aluminum is closed to find 5 The compression limiting value in golden base material region is 100MPa, and the compression limiting value in welding point region is 100Mpa；6 be Thin-walled Aluminum The compression limiting value in alloy base material region is 164MPa, and the compression limiting value in welding point region is 96Mpa.
In step C, train essential information includes train model in the database tentatively established；Each weldering on train body Socket part position knPosition on the car body includes ceiling, side wall, headwall, Men Jiao, window angle, chassis, draw beam, pilot beam, side bar, pillow Beam, floor, crossbeam；Welding position knDimension information include material thickness；Material category γnIncluding 5 line aluminium alloys, 6 aluminium alloys With 7 line aluminium alloys；Welding point form δnIncluding banjo fixing butt jointing, lap joint, cruciform joint, T connector etc.；Welding method ηn Including arc-welding, manual welding, stirring welding, friction welding etc.；Test mode includes raw material state, big unit status, assembly shape State etc., welding condition include welding material model, welding material thickness, welding method, heat input, joint form, welding bead The number of plies, weldingvoltage, welding current, speed etc..
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of the present invention program is：
First, high-speed train body is complicated, and weld data is more, and each residual stress test data volume is huge.This hair Bright method is by preparing base material stress test sample corresponding with typical case welding position each on train body and connector stress test Sample determines the fatigue safety stress value, Stress corrosion threshold and the compression limit of welding position joint area and base material region Value.Then the practical residual stress test for measuring typical welding position on car body determines the peace of each welding position of train body Congruent grade, further according to train the maintenance stage maintenance as a result, the safe class to welding position is modified, foundation can be used for Evaluate the database of train body safety.The database unites the feature of numerous residual stress test data and test position It raises and establishes database, analysis train residual stress state can be become apparent from, and the stress state of car body is optimized, optimize structure Design, the security reliability for evaluating train provide accurate instruction.
2nd, the destruction of welding residual stress mainly includes reducing fatigue life, increases Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, causes welding Structural instability deforms, and the database that the method for the present invention is established has fully considered above three reason, evaluates the fatigue of welding position Safe class, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class.Train can be more objectively and accurately evaluated in this way The safety of each welding position of car body.
3rd, the method for the present invention pacifies the fatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression of welding position Congruent grade has carried out the division of excellent, good, poor three-level, has fully considered the stress safety value that laboratory obtains, the car body actually measured The in commission actual stress of residual-stress value and train of each welding position destroys situation, more objectively and accurately evaluates train The safe class of each welding position of car body.
4th, since welding position joint area box base material region microstructure and residual stress difference are all very big, the present invention Method establishes database, when carrying out safe class evaluation to welding position, has both considered the safe condition of welding position joint area, It is contemplated that the safe condition in joint area base material region, more objectively and accurately evaluates the safe class of welding position, improves The science of database.
5th, it is continuous can to pass through experiment for the safe class of each welding position in the database established according to the method for the present invention Optimize material, the welding condition of joint area of grade for difference etc., for instructing the manufacture of new train body, be continuously improved The security performance of train, and it is at low cost, the manpower and materials and financial resources for improving train security performance are greatly saved.
Further, the thin-walled material described in step A4, B4 and D of the present invention refers to that thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm. Thickness is apparent less than or equal to the material compression sensibility of 4mm.
Further, to typical welding position k each on train body in step B1 of the present inventionnJoint area and The lossless residual stress test that base material region carries out is x-ray method residual stress test or supercritical ultrasonics technology residual stress test.This Two kinds of non-destructive testing methods are residual stress test modes more mature, that measuring accuracy is higher.
Further, to typical case welding position k each on train body in step B1 of the present inventionnJoint area and mother When material region carries out lossless residual stress test, the arrangement of test point is：In the weld metal zone of joint area and heat affected area Test point is arranged perpendicular to the spacing of bead direction with 2-8mm, in base material region with 8-40mm perpendicular to the spacing of bead direction Arrange test point；Remember the welding position knMaximum residual stress value is the weld part in each test point that joint area measures Position knThe residual stress σ of joint areain, remember the welding position knMaximum residual stress in each test point that base material region measures It is worth for the welding position knThe residual stress in base material region is σjn。
In this way, nearby test zone spacing is smaller for weld seam, and it is larger far from position while welding test zone spacing, fully to characterize The stress gradient of welding point.
The invention also provides above-mentioned for evaluating the application method of the database of train body safety, including following step Suddenly：
A, the database established according to D steps, to fatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safety In grade there are safe class be good or poor welding position kn, the welding position k is recalled from databasenDimension information, Material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition；It chooses and the welding position knIdentical material Expect type γnWith the base material test plate (panel) of thickness, the welding position k recalled from database is adjustednWelding condition, press According to the welding position k recalled from databasenWelding point form δn, welding method ηnWith the welding procedure after adjustment Parameter welds the base material test plate (panel), obtains and the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn；
B, the Optimum Experiment sample T obtained in being walked to anCarry out residual stress test, note Optimum Experiment sample TnJoint area it is residual Residue stress is σxn, note Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress in base material region is σyn；
The Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areaxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnIt is corresponding Welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, the Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith With the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondnIf σxn＜ σcnAnd σyn＜ σdn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnFatigue safety grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnFatigue safety grade For difference；
If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor stress corrosion sensitive material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynJoint area Residual stress σxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, it is described Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knBase material region Stress corrosion threshold σbnIf σxn＜ σanAnd σyn＜ σbn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade be It is excellent, otherwise, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be poor；If Optimum Experiment sample TnIt should not have The material of power corrosion susceptibility then remembers the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent；
If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor thin-walled material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe residual stress of joint area σxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaen, the Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limit in base material region Value σfnIf σxn＜ σenAnd σyn＜ σfn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be excellent, otherwise, remember the optimization Test sample TnCompression safe class to be poor；If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor non-thin-walled material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is rememberedn's Compression safe class is excellent；
If c, the Optimum Experiment sample T judged in b stepsnFatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and Compression safe class is excellent, then with the Optimum Experiment sample TnWelding condition replacement data library in the optimization Test sample TnCorresponding welding position knInitial weld technological parameter；Otherwise, step d is carried out；
If d, the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade one of which It is difference for difference or two, compression safe class is excellent, carries out the optimization operation of step e；If the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade are excellent, and progress step f's is excellent Change operation；If the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue peace The one of which of congruent grade is difference for difference or two, carries out the optimization operation of step g；
E, to the Optimum Experiment sample TnUltrasonic impact or the optimization of shot-peening residual stress are carried out, it is excellent to obtain residual stress After change with the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn2；With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Instead of the optimization in step b Test sample Tn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn2Safe class；If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Stress corrosion Sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade are excellent, then by ultrasonic impact or shot-peening Optimal Parameters input database and institute State Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Corresponding welding position knWelding condition in；Otherwise, step g is carried out；
F, it is recalled from database and the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, to welding position knIt is redesigned, improves material Thickness, and accordingly adjust welding condition；Base material test plate (panel) is chosen according to the material thickness of redesign, according to from database The welding position k recallednWelding point form δn, welding method ηnWith the welding condition after adjustment to the mother Material test plate (panel) is welded, and is prepared and the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn3；
With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Instead of the Optimum Experiment sample T in step bn, then judge Optimum Experiment according to step b Sample Tn3Safe class；If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion it is sensitive Safe class be it is excellent, then by the material thickness of redesign and adjustment welding condition input database, instead of data In library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information and welding condition；Otherwise, it carries out Step g；
G, it is recalled from database and the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, by replacing material category, adjustment material thickness, again The means such as welding point form, change welding method, adjustment welding condition are designed to the Optimum Experiment sample TnIt is corresponding Welding position knIt is redesigned, base material test plate (panel) is chosen according to the material category of redesign and material thickness, according to again Welding point form δ after designn, welding method ηnThe base material test plate (panel) is welded with welding condition, preparation and institute State welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn4；
Remember institute Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Material category be γ 'n, welding point form be δ 'n, welding method η 'n, in step It is found and the material category γ ' in rapid An, welding point form δ 'nWith welding method η 'nThe identical material kind of combination The combination of class, welding point form and welding method, you can determine the material category γ 'n, welding point form δ 'nAnd welding Method η 'nCombination fatigue safety stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enIt is namely described Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'en； It finds out in step and the material category γ 'nIdentical material category, you can determine the material category γ 'nIt is tired Labor safe stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fn；Namely the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Base material The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fn；
With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Instead of the Optimum Experiment sample T in step bn, with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Connector area The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in domaincn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enInstead of in step b with it is described Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanIt should with pressure Power limiting value σen；With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith Compression limiting value σ 'fnInstead of in step b with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue in base material region Safe stress value σdn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn4 Safe class；
If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security grade It is excellent, then by the material category of redesign, material thickness, welding point form, welding method, welding condition typing Database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, and by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue of joint area Safe stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enInput database, update the data in library with institute State Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith Compression limiting value σen, by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ’bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fnInput database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfn；
If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security grade It is not excellent, carries out step h；
H, it redesigned, adjusted according to step g repeatedly, until the Optimum Experiment sample T can be maden4Fatigue safety Grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class are excellent, by the material category of redesign, material thickness Degree, welding point form, welding method, welding condition input database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd Welder Skill parameter, and by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anAnd pressure Limiting range of stress value σ 'enInput database, update and the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue of joint area Safe stress value σcn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith compression limiting value σen, by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Base material region it is tired Labor safe stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fnInput database, update and the optimization Test sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnAnd compression Limiting value σfn；
I, the database obtained according to the optimization operation of step a-h, carries out the manufacture of new train body in next step；It completes new After train body manufacture, each welding position k of new train body is determined according to step BnSafe class；And by the weld part Position knSafe class input database, update the data welding position k described in librarynSafe class；In new train military service process In the maintenance stage situation destroyed to its remaining residual stress be detected, correct database according to step D according to testing result Described in welding position knSafe class, if there is safe class to be good or poor, according to step a-h to weld part Position knResidual stress state optimize, database is improved, for instructing the manufacturing of the new train body of next column.
It can be obtained by the application method of database, the advantageous effect of the present invention program is：
First, during the database that the method for the present invention is used to establish, weld part can be continued to optimize by various schemes The residual stress state of position, improves the safe class of welding position, and Instructing manufacture next column bullet train makes its residual stress shape State tends to optimize, and improves the security performance of train entirety.
2nd, in the residual stress state for optimizing welding position, first according to step a, preferentially to welding condition into Row optimization design can reduce optimization cost to reduce residual stress, improve the benefit of Optimization Work；
3rd, according to step b, after optimizing welding condition, evaluation fatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security Grade and compression safe class, convenient for formulate next step process optimization scheme and determining adjusting and optimizing welding parameter this The feasibility of least cost prioritization scheme.
4th, the adjustment limit of welding condition has certain restrictions, when adjustment welding parameter is insufficient to allow fatigue safety When grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class are excellent, the present invention proposes further prioritization scheme：
After optimizing welding process parameter, when compression safe class is excellent, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue When the one of which of safe class is difference for difference or two, welding condition optimization is infeasible, and the two grades are The main reason for poor, is excessive for compression, and compressive stress layer can be generated by using ultrasonic impact or bead, and improving should Power corrosion-susceptible safe class and fatigue safety grade；
After optimizing welding process parameter, when compression safe class is poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue When safe class is excellent, main cause is larger for compression, and is thin-walled material, and common stress optimization scheme is production Raw higher pressure stress, it is clear that conventional stress optimization scheme, it is difficult to carry out effective stress optimization to it, and the material of thickness bigger Material can effectively solve compression problems of too；
After optimizing welding process parameter, when compression safe class is poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue The one of which potential difference of the safe class either material of two selection intensity highers when being difference or thickness bigger, sets again It is maximally efficient solution to count welding point form, change welding method, adjustment welding condition, needs to spend in a short time Take money, time cost is higher, but can effectively reduce stress optimization cost in the long term.
In the step A for evaluating the database of train body safety is established, each typical welding position is measured knThe Stress corrosion threshold in joint area and base material region, fatigue safety stress value and compression limiting value, these stress peace Total head is main related with welding method with material category, welding point form.So for evaluating train body safety Residual stress optimization hand in the welding condition optimization of Welded Joints kn, step e in the step a of the application method of database Increase material thickness to welding position k in section and step fnThe Stress corrosion threshold in joint area and base material region, fatigue Safe stress value and compression limiting value do not influence substantially, so in evaluation Optimum Experiment sample Tn, Optimum Experiment sample Tn2With Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Safe class when, directly with step A measure and the Optimum Experiment sample Tn, Optimum Experiment sample Tn2With it is excellent Change test sample Tn3Corresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold in joint area and base material region, fatigue safety stress value and Compression limiting value.
In the Optimization Steps of step g and step h, welding position k is redesignednMaterial category, welding point form And welding method, accordingly in evaluation Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Safe class when, it is impossible to directly with step A measure with it is described excellent Change test sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold in joint area and base material region, fatigue safety stress value and Compression limiting value, but material category, welding point form and welding method according to redesign are needed, in step The combination of identical material category, welding point form and welding method is found out, just can determine that Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Joint area Fatigue safety stress value, Stress corrosion threshold and compression limiting value；Identical material category is found out in step, It can determine that Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Fatigue safety stress value, Stress corrosion threshold and the compression limiting value in base material region；It goes forward side by side Row safe class is evaluated.
The combination of welding point form and welding method, safe class when Stress corrosion threshold, fatigue safety Stress value and compression limiting value.Each typical welding position k that step A is measurednJoint area and the stress in base material region Corrode threshold value, fatigue safety stress value and compression limiting value, almost include all materials that can be applied to train body The combination of type, welding point form and welding method, so in step step g and step h, without redeterminating optimization examination Test sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value in joint area and base material region, Stress corrosion threshold and compression limiting value, only need to be It is found out in step A identical；Identical material category and material category, welding point form and welding are found out in step The combination of method.
Further, thin-walled material described in step a of the present invention refers to that thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm.
Thickness is apparent less than or equal to the material compression sensibility of 4mm
Further, the welding position k recalled from database is adjusted in step a of the present inventionnWelding procedure The adjustment amplitude of parameter is within 10% of welding condition initial value in database.
Welding condition depends on the parameter of material, form of groove etc., and initial weld technological parameter is based on this side The pool in face is tested out, and 10% change will not be used for performance and cause to significantly affect, and is more than the variation of 10% unit parameter Allow to residual stress and reach requirement, but the mechanical property of other aspects may be generated and significantly affected.
Further, in step f of the present invention pair with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knAgain it is set Meter, the thickness amplitude for improving material thickness are welding position k described in databasenOriginal material thickness 30% within.
Based on the stability of car body initial configuration, using the original material of the excessive material substitution of thickness, may cause other Positional structure needs to redesign, and improves stress optimization cost, and 30%, as the adjustment upper limit, does not need to carry out other parts Big change, reduces stress optimization cost to a certain degree.
Specific embodiment
The present invention a kind of specific embodiment be：A kind of foundation side for the database for being used to evaluate train body safety Method includes the following steps：
A, stress safety value is measured
A1, stress test sample is prepared：Collect the material category of each typical welding position, welding point on train body Form and welding method remember the welding position knMaterial category be γn, welding point form be δn, welding method ηn, Wherein n is welding position k typical on train bodynNumber, n=1,2 ... ... N-1, N, N is typical on train body Welding position knNumber；
It chooses and each typical welding position k on train bodynIdentical material category γnBase material test plate (panel) two batches, to it Middle a batch base material test plate (panel) is taken and each welding position knIdentical welding point form δnWith welding method ηnIt is welded It connects, stress relief annealing process is carried out after welding, obtain and typical welding position k each on the train bodynJoint area Corresponding connector stress test sample snNamely with the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination Corresponding connector stress test sample sn；Each welding position knJoint area corresponds to multiple identical connector stress test samples sn；Another batch of base material test plate (panel) is without any processing, is denoted as and typical welding position k each on the train bodynBase material region Corresponding base material stress test sample mnNamely with the material category γnCorresponding base material stress test sample mn, each weld part Position knBase material region corresponds to multiple identical base material stress test sample mn；
A2, one group and each welding position k are chosennThe one-to-one connector stress test sample s of joint areanIt should with base material Power test specimens mn, fatigue test is carried out, determines connector stress test sample s respectivelynFatigue safety stress value σcnWith base material stress Test specimens mnFatigue safety stress value σdn；The connector stress test sample snFatigue safety stress value σcnAs connect with described Head stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacnNamely the material category γn、 Welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination fatigue safety stress value σcn；The base material stress test sample mnFatigue Safe stress value σdnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress in base material region Value σdnNamely the material category γnFatigue safety stress value σdn；
A3, one group of welding position k with each stress corrosion sensitive material is chosennOne-to-one connector stress test sample snWith base material stress test sample mn, Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion experiment is carried out, determines the connector stress test sample s respectivelynStress Corrode threshold value σanWith base material stress test sample mnStress corrosion threshold σbn；The connector stress test sample snStress it is rotten Lose threshold value σanAs with the connector stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold of joint area σanNamely the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination Stress corrosion threshold σan；Institute State base material stress test sample mnStress corrosion threshold σbnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position kn The Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbnNamely the material category γnStress corrosion threshold σbn；
A4, one group of welding position k with each thin-walled material is chosennOne-to-one connector stress test sample snAnd base material Stress test sample mn, compression sensitivity tests is carried out, determines the connector stress test sample s respectivelynCompression limiting value σenWith base material stress test sample mnCompression limiting value σfn；The connector stress test sample snCompression limiting value σenAs With the connector stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaenNamely the material kind Class γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination compression limiting value σen；The base material stress test sample mn's Compression limiting value σfnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limit in base material region Value σfnNamely the material category γnCompression limiting value σfn；
B, each welding position k of train body is determinednSafe class
B1, to typical welding position k each on train bodynJoint area and base material region carry out it is lossless it is remaining should Power is tested, and remembers welding position knThe residual stress of joint area is σin, remember welding position knThe residual stress in base material region is σjn；
B2, each welding position k is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith the welding position knJoint area Fatigue safety stress value σcn, each welding position knThe residual stress σ in base material regionjnWith the welding position knBase material region Fatigue safety stress value σdnIf σin＜ σcnAnd σjn＜ σdn, remember the welding position knFatigue safety grade to be excellent, otherwise, Remember the welding position knFatigue safety grade to be poor；
If B3, welding position knFor stress corrosion sensitive material, then the welding position k is compared successivelynJoint area it is residual Residue stress σinWith the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, the welding position knBase material region it is residual Residue stress σjnWith the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbnIf σin＜ σanAnd σjn＜ σbn, described in note Welding position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember the welding position knStress corrosion sensitive security etc. Grade is poor；If welding position knNot have the material of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, then the welding position k is rememberednStress corrosion it is quick It is excellent to feel safe class；
If B4, welding position knFor thin-walled material, then the welding position k is compared successivelynThe residual stress of joint area σinWith the welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaen, the welding position knThe residual stress σ in base material regionjn With the welding position knThe compression limiting value σ in base material regionfnIf σin＜ σenAnd σjn＜ σfn, remember the welding position kn's Compression safe class is excellent, otherwise, remembers the welding position knCompression safe class to be poor；If welding position knIt is non- Thin-walled material then remembers the welding position knCompression safe class to be excellent；
C, preliminary data library is established
Preliminary data library is established, the database includes：1. train essential information；2. each welding position on train body knPosition on the car body；3. welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηn； The welding position k that 4.A is walkednThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, fatigue safety stress value σcnAnd compression Limiting value σen, the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbn, fatigue safety stress value σdnWith compression pole Limit value σfn；To the welding position k in 5.B stepsnThe test position of progress residual stress test, test mode, test obtain The welding position knThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith the residual stress σ in base material regionjn, the welding position knFatigue Safe class, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class；
D, Database repairs
The maintenance stage during train military service is to each welding position knIt carries out remaining residual stress and destroys situation inspection It surveys, welding position k described in the database established according to testing result to C stepsnSafe class be modified:
If welding position knThere is fatigue rupture, but welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be excellent, Then correct welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be good；If welding position knDo not occur fatigue rupture, but Welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be poor, then correct welding position k described in databasenFatigue peace Congruent grade is good；
If the welding position k of stress corrosion sensitive materialnThere is stress corrosion to destroy, but weld part described in database Position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, then correct welding position k described in databasenStress corrosion sensitive security Grade is good；If the welding position k of stress corrosion sensitive materialnDo not occur stress corrosion destruction, but welded described in database Socket part position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be poor, then correct welding position k described in databasenStress corrosion it is sensitive Safe class is good；
If the welding position k of thin-walled materialnThere is compression unstability, but welding position k described in databasenPressure should Power safe class is excellent, then corrects welding position k described in databasenCompression safe class to be good；If thin-walled material Welding position knDo not occur compression unstability, but welding position k described in databasenCompression safe class to be poor, then repair Welding position k described in correction data librarynCompression safe class to be good；
Complete welding position k described in databasenThe amendment of safe class is completed to evaluate train body safety Database foundation.
Thin-walled material described in step A4, B4 and D described in this example refers to that thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm.
To typical welding position k each on train body in step B1 described in this examplenJoint area and base material area The lossless residual stress test that domain carries out is x-ray method residual stress test or supercritical ultrasonics technology residual stress test.
To typical case welding position k each on train body in step B1 described in this examplenJoint area and base material region When carrying out lossless residual stress test, the arrangement of test point is：In the weld metal zone of joint area and heat affected area with 2-8mm Spacing perpendicular to bead direction arranges test point, and test is arranged perpendicular to the spacing of bead direction with 8-40mm in base material region Point；Remember the welding position knMaximum residual stress value is the welding position k in each test point that joint area measuresnConnector The residual stress σ in regionin, remember the welding position knMaximum residual stress value is described in each test point that base material region measures Welding position knThe residual stress in base material region is σjn。
The application method for being used to evaluate the database of train body safety of above-mentioned foundation, includes the following steps：
A, the database established according to D steps, to fatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safety In grade there are safe class be good or poor welding position kn, the welding position k is recalled from databasenDimension information, Material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition；It chooses and the welding position knIdentical material Expect type γnWith the base material test plate (panel) of thickness, the welding position k recalled from database is adjustednWelding condition, press According to the welding position k recalled from databasenWelding point form δn, welding method ηnWith the welding procedure after adjustment Parameter welds the base material test plate (panel), obtains and the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn；
B, the Optimum Experiment sample T obtained in being walked to anCarry out residual stress test, note Optimum Experiment sample TnJoint area it is residual Residue stress is σxn, note Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress in base material region is σyn；
The Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areaxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnIt is corresponding Welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, the Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith With the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondnIf σxn＜ σcnAnd σyn＜ σdn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnFatigue safety grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnFatigue safety grade For difference；
If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor stress corrosion sensitive material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynJoint area Residual stress σxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, it is described Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knBase material region Stress corrosion threshold σbnIf σxn＜ σanAnd σyn＜ σbn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade be It is excellent, otherwise, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be poor；If Optimum Experiment sample TnIt should not have The material of power corrosion susceptibility then remembers the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent；
If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor thin-walled material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe residual stress of joint area σxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaen, the Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limit in base material region Value σfnIf σxn＜ σenAnd σyn＜ σfn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be excellent, otherwise, remember the optimization Test sample TnCompression safe class to be poor；If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor non-thin-walled material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is rememberedn's Compression safe class is excellent；
If c, the Optimum Experiment sample T judged in b stepsnFatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and Compression safe class is excellent, then with the Optimum Experiment sample TnWelding condition replacement data library in the optimization Test sample TnCorresponding welding position knInitial weld technological parameter；Otherwise, step d is carried out；
If d, the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade one of which It is difference for difference or two, compression safe class is excellent, carries out the optimization operation of step e；If the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade are excellent, and progress step f's is excellent Change operation；If the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue peace The one of which of congruent grade is difference for difference or two, carries out the optimization operation of step g；
E, to the Optimum Experiment sample TnUltrasonic impact or the optimization of shot-peening residual stress are carried out, it is excellent to obtain residual stress After change with the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn2；With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Instead of the optimization in step b Test sample Tn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn2Safe class；If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Stress corrosion Sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade are excellent, then by ultrasonic impact or shot-peening Optimal Parameters input database and institute State Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Corresponding welding position knWelding condition in；Otherwise, step g is carried out；
F, it is recalled from database and the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, to welding position knIt is redesigned, improves material Thickness, and accordingly adjust welding condition；Base material test plate (panel) is chosen according to the material thickness of redesign, according to from database The welding position k recallednWelding point form δn, welding method ηnWith the welding condition after adjustment to the mother Material test plate (panel) is welded, and is prepared and the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn3；
With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Instead of the Optimum Experiment sample T in step bn, then judge Optimum Experiment according to step b Sample Tn3Safe class；If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion it is sensitive Safe class be it is excellent, then by the material thickness of redesign and adjustment welding condition input database, instead of data In library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information and welding condition；Otherwise, it carries out Step g；
G, it is recalled from database and the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, by replacing material category, adjustment material thickness, again The means such as welding point form, change welding method, adjustment welding condition are designed to the Optimum Experiment sample TnIt is corresponding Welding position knIt is redesigned, base material test plate (panel) is chosen according to the material category of redesign and material thickness, according to again Welding point form δ after designn, welding method ηnThe base material test plate (panel) is welded with welding condition, preparation and institute State welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn4；
Remember institute Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Material category be γ 'n, welding point form be δ 'n, welding method η 'n, in step It is found and the material category γ ' in rapid An, welding point form δ 'nWith welding method η 'nThe identical material kind of combination The combination of class, welding point form and welding method, you can determine the material category γ 'n, welding point form δ 'nAnd welding Method η 'nCombination fatigue safety stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enIt is namely described Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'en； It finds out in step and the material category γ 'nIdentical material category, you can determine the material category γ 'nIt is tired Labor safe stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fn；Namely the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Base material The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fn；
With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Instead of the Optimum Experiment sample T in step bn, with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Connector area The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in domaincn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enInstead of in step b with it is described Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanIt should with pressure Power limiting value σen；With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith Compression limiting value σ 'fnInstead of in step b with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue in base material region Safe stress value σdn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn4 Safe class；
If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security grade It is excellent, then by the material category of redesign, material thickness, welding point form, welding method, welding condition typing Database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, and by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue of joint area Safe stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enInput database, update the data in library with institute State Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith Compression limiting value σen, by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ’bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fnInput database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfn；
If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security grade It is not excellent, carries out step h；
H, it redesigned, adjusted according to step g repeatedly, until the Optimum Experiment sample T can be maden4Fatigue safety Grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class are excellent, by the material category of redesign, material thickness Degree, welding point form, welding method, welding condition input database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd Welder Skill parameter, and by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anAnd pressure Limiting range of stress value σ 'enInput database, update and the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue of joint area Safe stress value σcn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith compression limiting value σen, by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Base material region it is tired Labor safe stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fnInput database, update and the optimization Test sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnAnd compression Limiting value σfn；
I, the database obtained according to the optimization operation of step a-h, carries out the manufacture of new train body in next step；It completes new After train body manufacture, each welding position k of new train body is determined according to step BnSafe class；And by the weld part Position knSafe class input database, update the data welding position k described in librarynSafe class；In new train military service process In the maintenance stage situation destroyed to its remaining residual stress be detected, correct database according to step D according to testing result Described in welding position knSafe class, if there is safe class to be good or poor, according to step a-h to weld part Position knResidual stress state optimize, database is improved, for instructing the manufacturing of the new train body of next column.
Thin-walled material described in step a described in this example refers to that thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm.
The welding position k recalled from database is adjusted in step a described in this examplenWelding condition tune Whole picture degree is welding position k described in databasenInitial weld technological parameter 10% within.
In step f described in this example pair with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knIt is redesigned, is improved The thickness amplitude of material thickness is welding position k described in databasenOriginal material thickness 30% within.

Claims (8)

1. it is a kind of for evaluating the method for building up of the database of train body safety, include the following steps：
A, stress safety value is measured
A1, stress test sample is prepared：Collect material category, the welding point form of each typical welding position on train body And welding method, remember the welding position knMaterial category be γn, welding point form be δn, welding method ηn, wherein n For welding position k typical on train bodynNumber, n=1,2 ... ... N-1, N, N is typical weld part on train body Position knNumber；
It chooses and each typical welding position k on train bodynIdentical material category γnBase material test plate (panel) two batches, to wherein one Base material test plate (panel) is criticized to take and each welding position knIdentical welding point form δnWith welding method ηnIt is welded, is welded Stress relief annealing process is carried out after connecing, is obtained and typical welding position k each on the train bodynJoint area is corresponding Connector stress test sample snNamely with the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination it is corresponding Connector stress test sample sn；Each welding position knJoint area corresponds to multiple identical connector stress test sample sn；It is another It is without any processing to criticize base material test plate (panel), is denoted as and typical welding position k each on the train bodynBase material region is corresponding Base material stress test sample mnNamely with the material category γnCorresponding base material stress test sample mn, each welding position knIt is female Material region corresponds to multiple identical base material stress test sample mn；
A2, one group and each welding position k are chosennThe one-to-one connector stress test sample s of joint areanIt is surveyed with base material stress Sample mn, fatigue test is carried out, determines connector stress test sample s respectivelynFatigue safety stress value σcnWith base material stress test Sample mnFatigue safety stress value σdn；The connector stress test sample snFatigue safety stress value σcnIt as should with the connector Power test specimens snCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacnNamely the material category γn, welding Joint form δnWith welding method ηnCombination fatigue safety stress value σcn；The base material stress test sample mnFatigue safety Stress value σdnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondn, Namely the material category γnFatigue safety stress value σdn；
A3, one group of welding position k with each stress corrosion sensitive material is chosennOne-to-one connector stress test sample snWith Base material stress test sample mn, Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion experiment is carried out, determines the connector stress test sample s respectivelynStress corrosion Threshold value σanWith base material stress test sample mnStress corrosion threshold σbn；The connector stress test sample snStress corrosion door Threshold value σanAs with the connector stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, I.e. described material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination Stress corrosion threshold σan；The base material Stress test sample mnStress corrosion threshold σbnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knBase material area The Stress corrosion threshold σ in domainbnNamely the material category γnStress corrosion threshold σbn；
A4, one group of welding position k with each thin-walled material is chosennOne-to-one connector stress test sample snWith base material stress Test specimens mn, compression sensitivity tests is carried out, determines the connector stress test sample s respectivelynCompression limiting value σenWith Base material stress test sample mnCompression limiting value σfn；The connector stress test sample snCompression limiting value σenAs with institute State connector stress test sample snCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaenNamely the material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηnCombination compression limiting value σen；The base material stress test sample mnPressure Limiting range of stress value σfnAs with the base material stress test sample mnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value in base material region σfnNamely the material category γnCompression limiting value σfn；
B, each welding position k of train body is determinednSafe class
B1, to typical welding position k each on train bodynJoint area and base material region carry out lossless residual stress survey Welding position k is remembered in examinationnThe residual stress of joint area is σin, remember welding position knThe residual stress in base material region is σjn；
B2, each welding position k is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith the welding position knJoint area it is tired Labor safe stress value σcn, each welding position knThe residual stress σ in base material regionjnWith the welding position knBase material region it is tired Labor safe stress value σdnIf σin＜ σcnAnd σjn＜ σdn, remember the welding position knFatigue safety grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember institute State welding position knFatigue safety grade to be poor；
If B3, welding position knFor stress corrosion sensitive material, then the welding position k is compared successivelynThe remnants of joint area should Power σinWith the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, the welding position knThe remnants in base material region should Power σjnWith the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbnIf σin＜ σanAnd σjn＜ σbn, remember the welding Position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember the welding position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade be Difference；If welding position knNot have the material of Sensitivity of Stress Corrosion, then the welding position k is rememberednStress corrosion sensitivity peace Congruent grade is excellent；
If B4, welding position knFor thin-walled material, then the welding position k is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith institute State welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaen, the welding position knThe residual stress σ in base material regionjnWith it is described Welding position knThe compression limiting value σ in base material regionfnIf σin＜ σenAnd σjn＜ σfn, remember the welding position knCompression Safe class is excellent, otherwise, remembers the welding position knCompression safe class to be poor；If welding position knFor non-thin-walled material Material, then remember the welding position knCompression safe class to be excellent；
C, preliminary data library is established
Preliminary data library is established, the database includes：1. train essential information；2. each welding position k on train bodyn Position on car body；3. welding position knDimension information, material category γn, welding point form δnWith welding method ηn；4.A Walk the obtained welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, fatigue safety stress value σcnWith the compression limit Value σen, the welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ in base material regionbn, fatigue safety stress value σdnWith compression limiting value σfn；To the welding position k in 5.B stepsnCarry out the test position of residual stress test, test mode, test obtain it is described Welding position knThe residual stress σ of joint areainWith the residual stress σ in base material regionjn, the welding position knFatigue safety Grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class；
D, Database repairs
The maintenance stage during train military service is to each welding position knIt carries out remaining residual stress and destroys situation detection, root Welding position k described in the database established according to testing result to C stepsnSafe class be modified:
If welding position knThere is fatigue rupture, but welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety grade to be excellent, then repair Welding position k described in correction data librarynFatigue safety grade to be good；If welding position knDo not occur fatigue rupture, but data Welding position k described in librarynFatigue safety grade to be poor, then correct welding position k described in databasenFatigue safety etc. Grade is good；
If the welding position k of stress corrosion sensitive materialnThere is stress corrosion to destroy, but welding position k described in databasen Stress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, then correct welding position k described in databasenStress corrosion sensitive security grade It is good；If the welding position k of stress corrosion sensitive materialnDo not occur stress corrosion destruction, but weld part described in database Position knStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be poor, then correct welding position k described in databasenStress corrosion sensitive security Grade is good；
If the welding position k of thin-walled materialnThere is compression unstability, but welding position k described in databasenCompression peace Congruent grade is excellent, then corrects welding position k described in databasenCompression safe class to be good；If the weldering of thin-walled material Socket part position knDo not occur compression unstability, but welding position k described in databasenCompression safe class to be poor, then correct number According to welding position k described in librarynCompression safe class to be good；
Complete welding position k described in databasenThe number for evaluating train body safety is completed in the amendment of safe class According to the foundation in library.
2. a kind of method for building up of database for being used to evaluate train body safety according to claim 1, feature It is：Thin-walled material described in described step A4, B4 and D refers to that thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm.
3. a kind of method for building up of database for being used to evaluate train body safety according to claim 1, feature It is：To typical welding position k each on train body in the step B1nJoint area and base material region carry out nothing It is x-ray method residual stress test or supercritical ultrasonics technology residual stress test to damage residual stress test.
4. a kind of method for building up of database for being used to evaluate train body safety according to claim 1, feature It is：To typical case welding position k each on train body in the step B1nJoint area and base material region carry out it is lossless residual When residue stress is tested, the arrangement of test point is：In the weld metal zone of joint area and heat affected area with 2-8mm perpendicular to weld seam The spacing arrangement test point in direction, test point is arranged in base material region with 8-40mm perpendicular to the spacing of bead direction；Described in note Welding position knMaximum residual stress value is the welding position k in each test point that joint area measuresnThe remnants of joint area Stress σin, remember the welding position knMaximum residual stress value is the welding position k in each test point that base material region measuresn The residual stress in base material region is σjn。
5. it is a kind of for evaluating the application method of the database of train body safety, include the following steps：
A, the database established according to D steps, to fatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class It is middle there are safe class be good or poor welding position kn, the welding position k is recalled from databasenDimension information, material Type γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition；It chooses and the welding position knIdentical material kind Class γnWith the base material test plate (panel) of thickness, the welding position k recalled from database is adjustednWelding condition, according to from The welding position k recalled in databasenWelding point form δn, welding method ηnWith the welding condition after adjustment The base material test plate (panel) is welded, is obtained and the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn；
B, the Optimum Experiment sample T obtained in being walked to anCarry out residual stress test, note Optimum Experiment sample TnThe remnants of joint area should Power is σxn, note Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress in base material region is σyn；
The Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areaxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding Position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, the Optimum Experiment sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith with it is described Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondnIf σxn＜ σcnAnd σyn＜ σdn, note institute State Optimum Experiment sample TnFatigue safety grade to be excellent, otherwise, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnFatigue safety grade to be poor；
If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor stress corrosion sensitive material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe remnants of joint area Stress σxnWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe Stress corrosion threshold σ of joint areaan, the optimization Test sample TnThe residual stress σ in base material regionynWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe stress in base material region Corrode threshold value σbnIf σxn＜ σanAnd σyn＜ σbn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent, Otherwise, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be poor；If Optimum Experiment sample TnNot have stress corruption The material of sensibility is lost, then remembers the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade to be excellent；
If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor thin-walled material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is compared successivelynThe residual stress σ of joint areaxnWith With the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value σ of joint areaen, the Optimum Experiment sample TnIt is female The residual stress σ in material regionynWith with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe compression limiting value in base material region σfnIf σxn＜ σenAnd σyn＜ σfn, remember the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class to be excellent, otherwise, remember the optimization examination Test sample TnCompression safe class to be poor；If Optimum Experiment sample TnFor non-thin-walled material, then the Optimum Experiment sample T is rememberednPressure Stress safe class is excellent；
If c, the Optimum Experiment sample T judged in b stepsnFatigue safety grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression Safe class is excellent, then with the Optimum Experiment sample TnWelding condition replacement data library in the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knInitial weld technological parameter；Otherwise, step d is carried out；
If d, the Optimum Experiment sample TnStress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade one of which for difference or Person two is difference, and compression safe class is excellent, carries out the optimization operation of step e；If the Optimum Experiment sample TnPressure Stress safe class is poor, and stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety grade are excellent, carries out the optimization behaviour of step f Make；If the Optimum Experiment sample TnCompression safe class be poor, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and fatigue safety etc. The one of which of grade is difference for difference or two, carries out the optimization operation of step g；
E, to the Optimum Experiment sample TnUltrasonic impact or the optimization of shot-peening residual stress are carried out, after obtaining residual stress optimization With the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn2；With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Instead of the Optimum Experiment in step b Sample Tn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn2Safe class；If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn2Stress corrosion it is sensitive Safe class and fatigue safety grade be it is excellent, then by ultrasonic impact or shot-peening Optimal Parameters input database with it is described excellent Change test sample Tn2Corresponding welding position knWelding condition in；Otherwise, step g is carried out；
F, it is recalled from database and the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knDimension information, material category γn、 Welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, to welding position knIt is redesigned, improves material thickness, And accordingly adjust welding condition；Base material test plate (panel) is chosen according to the material thickness of redesign, is recalled according to from database The welding position knWelding point form δn, welding method ηnThe base material is tried with the welding condition after adjustment Plate is welded, and is prepared and the welding position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn3；
With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Instead of the Optimum Experiment sample T in step bn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn3 Safe class；If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security Grade be it is excellent, then by the material thickness of redesign and adjustment welding condition input database, instead of in database With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn3Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information and welding condition；Otherwise, step is carried out g；
G, it is recalled from database and the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knDimension information, material category γn、 Welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, by replacing material category, adjustment material thickness, redesigning Welding point form, change welding method, adjustment welding condition means are to the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding weld part Position knIt is redesigned, base material test plate (panel) is chosen according to the material category of redesign and material thickness, after redesign Welding point form δn, welding method ηnThe base material test plate (panel) is welded with welding condition, is prepared and the welding Position knCorresponding Optimum Experiment sample Tn4；
Remember institute Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Material category be γ 'n, welding point form be δ 'n, welding method η 'n, in step It finds and the material category γ 'n, welding point form δ 'nWith welding method η 'nThe identical material category of combination, weldering Connect the combination of joint form and welding method, you can determine the material category γ 'n, welding point form δ 'nAnd welding method η’nCombination fatigue safety stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enNamely the optimization Test sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'en；In step It is found out and the material category γ ' in rapid AnIdentical material category, you can determine the material category γ 'nFatigue peace Resultant stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fn；Namely the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Base material region Fatigue safety stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fn；
With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Instead of the Optimum Experiment sample T in step bn, with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Joint area Fatigue safety stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enInstead of in step b with the optimization Test sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith compression pole Limit value σen；With the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnIt should with pressure Power limiting value σ 'fnInstead of in step b with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety in base material region Stress value σdn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfn, then according to step b judgement Optimum Experiment samples Tn4Peace Congruent grade；
If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security grade be It is excellent, then by the material category of redesign, material thickness, welding point form, welding method, welding condition logging data Library, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knOriginal dimension information, material category γn、 Welding point form δn, welding method ηnAnd welding condition, and by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue peace of joint area Resultant stress value σ 'cn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anWith compression limiting value σ 'enInput database, update the data in library with it is described Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σanAnd pressure Limiting range of stress value σen, by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bn With compression limiting value σ 'fnInput database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knIt is female The fatigue safety stress value σ in material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith compression limiting value σfn；
If the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Compression safe class, fatigue safety grade and stress corrosion sensitive security grade it is uneven It is excellent, carries out step h；
H, it redesigned, adjusted according to step g repeatedly, until the Optimum Experiment sample T can be maden4Fatigue safety etc. Grade, stress corrosion sensitive security grade and compression safe class be it is excellent, by the material category of redesign, material thickness, Welding point form, welding method, welding condition input database, update the data in library with the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4It is right The welding position k answerednOriginal dimension information, material category γn, welding point form δn, welding method ηnJoin with welding procedure Number, and by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue safety stress value σ ' of joint areacn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'anAnd compression Limiting value σ 'enInput database, update and the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety of joint area Stress value σcn, Stress corrosion threshold σanWith compression limiting value σen, by the Optimum Experiment sample Tn4The fatigue peace in base material region Resultant stress value σ 'dn, Stress corrosion threshold σ 'bnWith compression limiting value σ 'fnInput database, update and the Optimum Experiment Sample Tn4Corresponding welding position knThe fatigue safety stress value σ in base material regiondn, Stress corrosion threshold σbnWith the compression limit Value σfn；
I, the database obtained according to the optimization operation of step a-h, carries out the manufacture of new train body in next step；Complete new train After car body manufacture, each welding position k of new train body is determined according to step BnSafe class；And by the welding position kn Safe class input database, update the data welding position k described in librarynSafe class；During the military service of new train The maintenance stage situation destroyed to its remaining residual stress be detected, corrected in database according to step D according to testing result The welding position knSafe class, if there is safe class to be good or poor, according to step a-h to welding position knResidual stress state optimize, database is improved, for instructing the manufacturing of the new train body of next column.
6. a kind of application method of database for being used to evaluate train body safety according to claim 5, feature It is：Thin-walled material described in the step a refers to that thickness is less than or equal to the material of 4mm.
7. a kind of application method of database for being used to evaluate train body safety according to claim 5, feature It is：The welding position k recalled from database is adjusted in the step anThe adjustment amplitude of welding condition be Welding position k described in databasenInitial weld technological parameter 10% within.
8. a kind of application method of database for being used to evaluate train body safety according to claim 5, feature It is：In the step f pair with the Optimum Experiment sample TnCorresponding welding position knIt is redesigned, improves material thickness Thickness amplitude be welding position k described in databasenOriginal material thickness 30% within.
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