CN105950221A - Gasification agent strong-rotation pulverized coal gasifier and gasification method - Google Patents
Gasification agent strong-rotation pulverized coal gasifier and gasification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105950221A CN105950221A CN201610555061.3A CN201610555061A CN105950221A CN 105950221 A CN105950221 A CN 105950221A CN 201610555061 A CN201610555061 A CN 201610555061A CN 105950221 A CN105950221 A CN 105950221A
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- gasifying agent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
- C10J3/76—Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
- C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
- C10J2300/1603—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with gas treatment
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal gasification, and relates to a gasifier and a gasification method, in particular to a gasification agent strong-rotation pulverized coal gasifier and a gasification method. The problems that the inner wall face of an existing gasifier is likely to be abraded, a center recirculation zone of the gasifier is not stable, and partial burning is caused, so that the gasifier halts, and economic losses are caused to enterprises are solved. The gasification agent strong-rotation pulverized coal gasifier comprises a pulverized coal nozzle, a gasifier body, a water wall, a synthesis gas channel pipe and gasification agent nozzles. The gasifier body is composed of a hemispheroid and a cylinder. The water wall is installed inside the gasifier. The water wall is composed of a plurality of vertical circular pipes side by side. A gasification hearth is a revolution solid formed by the water wall. A slag basin is located at the bottom of the gasifier body. The synthesis gas channel pipe is inserted at the lower portion of the gasifier body. The gasification agent nozzles are sequentially and uniformly distributed from top to bottom and arranged on the side wall of the upper portion of the gasifier body side by side. The pulverized coal nozzle is installed on the top of the gasifier body.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gasification furnace and gasification process, be specifically related to a kind of gasifying agent and rotate by force powder coal gasification furnace and gasification side
Method, belongs to coal gasification field.
Background technology
Coal Gasification Technology is the clean coal technology of high-efficiency cleaning.It is a kind of novel dry powder that gasifying agent rotates by force bed pulverized coal gasification technology
Coal Gasification Technology, has the advantages such as the intensity of gasification is high, production capacity is big, efficiency of carbon con version is high, Suitability of Coals is strong, at coal gas
Change field has begun to show up prominently.In order to solve, the burner life-span present in existing bed pulverized coal gasification technology is short, gasification stove internal wall
The problems such as face dross is uneven, the applicant's early stage application is a series of, and rotate by force coal gasification agent technology to gasifying agent relevant
Chinese invention patent such as CN201510578780.2, CN105087073A, CN201510579029.4,
CN201510578779.X, CN201510579028.X, CN201510579030.7, CN201510579057.6 and
CN201510578724.9.Although above patent of invention solves the problems such as gasification stove internal wall face dross is uneven, but still
So there is the hidden danger that following possibility affect gasification furnace safety, economic stability is run: 1 gasification stove internal wall face is easy to wear；2
Gasification furnace Central backflow area is unstable, easily causes the problems such as inclined burning.Problem above causes gasification furnace often to stop, and gasifies
Stove, as the beginning of production of chemical enterprise, once stops, and causes whole production line all to be stopped transport, and whole production line is stopped transport once
Great economic loss is caused to enterprise.Such as: a set of gas making amount 80000Nm3The coal gasification production line stoppage in transit of/h is once economical to be damaged
Mistake reaches more than 40,000,000 yuan.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is easy to wear in order to solve gasification stove internal wall face in prior art, and gasification furnace Central backflow area is unstable, holds
Easily cause the problem partially burnt, cause gasification furnace to stop, the problem causing economic loss to enterprise, and then a kind of gasifying agent is provided
Strong rotation powder coal gasification furnace and gasification process.
The present invention solves that the problems referred to above adopt the technical scheme that: it includes fine coal burner, gasification body of heater, water-cooling wall, conjunction
Becoming gas channel and gasifying agent spout, gasification body of heater to be made up of hemisphere and cylinder, water-cooling wall is arranged in gasification furnace body,
Water-cooling wall is arranged side by side by many Vertically tube and forms, and gasification hearth is the revolving body surrounded by water-cooling wall, gasification hearth interior
Footpath is D, and slag bath is positioned at the bottom of gasification body of heater, and synthesis gas passage is inserted into the bottom of gasification body of heater, and gasifying agent spout is by upper
Under on the most uniform sidewall being disposed side by side on gasification upper of furnace body, and each gasifying agent spout is along the tangent line side of gasification hearth
In inserting gasification hearth, and the spout central line of each gasifying agent spout is all horizontally disposed with, and fine coal burner is arranged on gasification furnace
The top of body, and the dead in line of the axis of fine coal burner and gasification hearth, gasifying agent spout above is to fine coal burner
The distance of the port of export be the value of L, L be 0.2D-0.45D.
Specifically comprising the following steps that of described gasification process
Step one, setting gasification hearth internal pressure as 0.1～4MPa, the running temperature of gasification hearth is 1250～1600 DEG C；
Step 2, temperature are that the dried coal powder of 25～100 DEG C is carried with cyclone mode through fine coal burning by nitrogen or carbon dioxide
Mouth is sent into inside gasification hearth；Account for the gasifying agent that temperature is 20～400 DEG C of total amount 10%～40% in the way of eddy flow through fine coal
Burner sprays into inside gasification hearth, and gasifying agent flows at furnace roof region rotating Vortex downmix with fine coal；
After step 3, fine coal and gasifying agent mixed airflow touch the high-temperature synthesis gas that Central backflow area volume sucks back, by its point
Combustion, forms slag at gasification hearth top combustion；
Step 4, residue account for the gasifying agent that temperature is 20～400 DEG C of total amount 60%～90% by described gasifying agent spout with
The speed of 100～200m/s tangentially sprays into gasification hearth along stove high stratification, and gasifying agent air-flow at a high speed is formed strong after pouring burner hearth
Strong swirling eddy, under the influence of centrifugal force, the slag of about 80% is got rid of forms thicker slag blanket in face, furnace wall, and slag blanket is equal
Even, swirling eddy constantly washes away the slag blanket on burner hearth wall, and strong gasification reaction occurs with it；
The raw gas that step 5, gasification generate flows out gasification hearth by described synthesis gas passage, and the liquid slag of generation is along wall
Flow into slag bath, discharged by bottom slag discharge after cooling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
One, the gasification furnace of the present invention can form stable, moderate Central backflow area, and fine coal catches fire stable.Such as the applicant
Early stage application, rotate by force to gasifying agent the relevant Chinese invention patent CN201510578780.2 of powder coal gasification furnace technology,
CN105087073A、CN201510579029.4、CN201510578779.X、CN201510579028.X、
Described in CN201510579030.7, CN201510579057.6 and CN201510578724.9, gasifying agent rotates by force fine coal
Top of gasification furnace also exists the adherent strong swirling eddy of three strands of air-flows, respectively outer layer, the high temperature reflux at center, and is sandwiched in two
Sprayed into the coal gasification agent mixed airflow in stove by burner between person.In optimal conditions, the central backflow of high temperature can reflux
To fine coal burner root, mix with fine coal air-flow, light fine coal, it is ensured that fine coal stable ignition.But these China above-mentioned
Patent of invention does not limit the ratio of burner and furnace diameter, it may appear that these problems below: 1 when layout in fine coal burner
When the central diameter of annular fine coal passage and ring-shaped gasification agent passage is less than 0.3 times of gasification furnace furnace diameter, from the powder of burner ejection
Coal gas agent mixed airflow can collide with central backflow air-flow, is pressed down against recirculating zone, causes Central backflow area to reduce,
Central backflow cannot back up fine coal burner root, it is impossible to mixes with fine coal air-flow, it is impossible to lights fine coal in time, burning
Unstable；2 is straight more than gasification furnace body of heater when the annular fine coal passage arranged in fine coal burner and the central diameter of ring-shaped gasification agent passage
During 0.65 times of footpath, now fine coal air-flow is close to gasification furnace wall: be easily caused that not live through the solid pulverized coal particle of burning straight
Connect and wash away gasification furnace wall, gasification stove internal wall surface wear, ultimately result in parking accident.The ring arranged in fine coal burner of the present invention
Shape fine coal passage takes 0.3-0.65 with the external diameter of ring-shaped gasification agent passage with the ratio of furnace diameter, and burner diameter is moderate: can
Avoiding fine coal and gasifying agent to collide with Central backflow area after burner sprays, central backflow can be back to fine coal burner root,
Fine coal can stable ignition.
Two, the gasification furnace of the present invention eliminates the hidden danger that body of heater gasifying agent nozzle area gasification stove internal wall face is easy to wear.This
In bright, the vertical dimension between gasifying agent spout 7 and burner 1 that the body of heater the superiors arrange is gasification furnace furnace diameter
0.2～0.45 times, when this distance can make fine coal meet with the gasifying agent sprayed at a high speed by body of heater gasifying agent spout 7 not yet with stove
Wall contacts, and eliminates fine coal owing to not softening the hidden danger forming liquid slag and wear and tear the generation of furnace wall flame retardant coating.Such as the applicant
Early stage application, rotate by force to gasifying agent the relevant Chinese invention patent CN201510578780.2 of powder coal gasification furnace technology,
CN105087073A、CN201510579029.4、CN201510578779.X、CN201510579028.X、
Described in CN201510579030.7, CN201510579057.6 and CN201510578724.9, gasifying agent gasifies through body of heater
After agent spout sprays in stove at a high speed, forming strong rotary pneumatic flow field in making stove, fine coal is adherent under powerful centrifugal action
Motion, occurs strong combustion gasification to react.In optimal conditions, at strong rotational flow field after in fine coal air-flow enters stove
Got rid of under effect before wall, be subjected to combustion reaction so that it is temperature reaches ash fusion point liquid slag formed above, otherwise solid
Body pulverized coal particle then can produce strong friction to gasification stove internal wall face, and abrasion water screen tube ultimately results in blowing out accident.But
Chinese invention patent as mentioned above, do not limit between gasifying agent spout and the burner that the body of heater the superiors arrange vertical away from
From relation: vertical dimension between gasifying agent spout and burner that the body of heater the superiors arrange is less than gasification furnace furnace diameter
When 0.2 times, the high speed rotating flow field existed due to body of heater gasifying agent nozzle area, fine coal does not the most live through fully heating
Softening formation liquid slag i.e. to be captured by high speed rotating air-flow, under strong centrifugal action, the fine coal of solid granular is in gasification furnace
Wall high-speed motion, with the refractory material carborundum generation strong friction in gasification stove internal wall face, grinds refractory masses soon
Damage and cause water screen tube scaling loss generation blowing out accident, bring massive losses to enterprise；When the gasifying agent that the body of heater the superiors arrange
When vertical dimension between spout and burner is more than 0.45 times of gasification furnace furnace diameter, now body of heater gasifying agent spout and burning
Distant between mouth, fine coal sprays into after in stove because the gasification that cannot spray into the body of heater accounting for total amount 80% for a long time
Agent contact mixing, defines longer unreacted section, wastes furnace inner space in causing stove, and in the space of this section longer
In, unreacted solid-state pulverized coal particle is easily got rid of under the effect of rotational flow field to gasification stove internal wall surface wear gasification furnace in stove
The water screen tube of flame retardant coating even its flame retardant coating parcel, ultimately results in parking accident.In the present invention, the grafting of gasification furnace body of heater is many
In individual gasifying agent spout, the vertical dimension between gasifying agent spout and burner that the superiors arrange is gasification furnace furnace diameter
0.2～0.45 times, on the one hand apart from moderate: it can be avoided that fine coal air-flow does not experiences after burner sprays and overcharges a point softening and i.e. got rid of
To gasification stove internal wall face, gasification stove internal wall face of wearing and tearing；On the other hand it can be avoided that because of between body of heater gasifying agent spout and burner
Vertical dimension excessive, cause being formed in stove unreacted section, waste furnace inner space, it can be ensured that fine coal air flow contacts is to gasification
During stove internal face, have been changed to molten slag, gasification stove internal wall face will not be produced abrasion, and then reduce stop frequency, joint
Save time, save maintenance cost, improve the economic benefit of enterprise.
Three, the present invention can make gasifying agent and fine coal spray in stove along larger-diameter circle.From effect one, in order to increase
Big recirculating zone, it should suitably increase fine coal and gasifying agent outside diameter of passage, owing to the sectional area of each passage is constant, can only reduce logical
The thickness in road.Owing to narrower passage is difficult to process, and easily make the impurity blocking channel that fine coal carries, cause gasification furnace
Interior burning, scaling loss gasifier water-cooling wall partially.These factors limit the increase of fine coal and the external diameter of gasifying agent passage, limit burner
The increase of diameter.In prior art, its burner diameter is generally 0.1 to 0.2 with the ratio of furnace diameter.Fine coal burner is straight
Footpath is less, and fine coal and the gasifying agent mixed airflow of burner ejection collide with central backflow, and extruding center recirculating zone causes gasification
Furnace roof portion Central backflow area is less, and even without backflow, at burner, temperature is relatively low, is unfavorable for stable ignition.Fine coal of the present invention with
Gasifying agent fine coal passage 19 in too much root spiral fine coal pipe 20 sprays in stove with gasifying agent passage 20, many spiral vermicellis
It is d that coal pipe 20 surrounds the external diameter at round place, a diameter of D of gasification hearth 3, and the value of d is 0.3D-0.65D, fine coal burner
Being relatively large in diameter, fine coal and gasifying agent rotate after burner sprays and flow downward, under the influence of centrifugal force to external diffusion, it is to avoid
Colliding with Central backflow area, it is to avoid extruding center recirculating zone, top of gasification furnace Central backflow area is more stable, and temperature is higher,
Be conducive to stable ignition.
Four, the pulverized coal particle time of staying of the present invention is long.In prior art, spiral fine coal tube hub place diameter of a circle is straight with burner hearth
When the ratio in footpath is less, fine coal burner diameter is less, from coal gasification agent mixed airflow and the central backflow air-flow of burner ejection
Collision, can lose more momentum, cause flow rotation intensity to reduce, and pulverized coal particle residing time in furnace is short.Fine coal of the present invention
Spray in stove with gasifying agent fine coal passage 19 in too much root spiral fine coal pipe 20 with gasifying agent passage 20, many spirals
It is d that fine coal pipe 20 surrounds the external diameter at round place, and gasification hearth 3 is become a diameter of D, and the value of d is 0.3D-0.65D, powder
Coal burner is relatively large in diameter, and fine coal and gasifying agent rotate after burner sprays and flow downward, under the influence of centrifugal force to external diffusion,
Avoiding colliding with Central backflow area, spin intensity is big, and pulverized coal particle is long at residing time in furnace.
Five, the present invention is conducive to the mixing of fine coal and gasifying agent, is conducive to gasification.Prior art uses the cold chuck of tertiary effluent
Protection burner, has water-cooling jacket between fine coal passage and gasifying agent passage, water-cooling jacket is by outer wall, intake tunnel, middle folder
Layer, exhalant canal, outer wall form, and therefore water-cooling jacket is thicker, and thickness is about 75mm.Fine coal ring cavity passage and gasifying agent
Ring cavity path clearance is little, about 10mm.Distance between burner exit fine coal air-flow and gasifying agent air-flow is fine coal air-flow
7.5 times of thickness, are unfavorable for that fine coal mixes with the rapid of gasifying agent, are unfavorable for gasification reaction.Each spiral vermicelli in the present invention
Being equipped with gasifying agent passage and fine coal passage in coal pipe, gasifying agent passage is wrapped in the middle of fine coal passage, and two interchannels are only separated by
One layer of wall thickness, about 3mm.Gasifying agent is wrapped in the middle of fine coal and sprays into burner hearth in the way of eddy flow, and both mix rapidly, have
It is beneficial to the carrying out of gasification reaction.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the integrally-built front view of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is the A-A direction view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is fine coal burner of the present invention
Being provided with the overall structure front view of four spiral fine coal pipes 20 in 1, Fig. 4 is that Fig. 3 opens C-C direction view, and Fig. 5 is Fig. 4
Open enlarged drawing at B.
Detailed description of the invention
Detailed description of the invention one: combine the bright present embodiment of Fig. 1-Fig. 5, described in present embodiment, a kind of gasifying agent rotates by force
Powder coal gasification furnace and gasification process, it includes fine coal burner 1, gasification body of heater 2, water-cooling wall 4, synthesis gas channel 5 and
Gasifying agent spout 7, gasification body of heater 2 is made up of hemisphere and cylinder, and water-cooling wall 4 is arranged in gasification body of heater 2, water
Cold wall 4 is arranged side by side by many Vertically tube and forms, and gasification hearth 3 is the revolving body surrounded by water-cooling wall 4, gasification hearth
The internal diameter of 3 is D, and slag bath 6 is positioned at the bottom of gasification body of heater 2, and synthesis gas passage 5 is inserted into the bottom of gasification body of heater 2,
On the most uniform sidewall being disposed side by side on gasification body of heater 2 top of gasifying agent spout 7, and each gasifying agent spout
7 along the tangential direction insertion gasification hearth 3 of gasification hearth 3, and the equal level of spout central line of each gasifying agent spout 7
Arranging, fine coal burner 1 is arranged on the top of gasification body of heater 2, and the axis weight of the axis of fine coal burner 1 and gasification hearth 3
Closing, the value that distance is L, L of gasifying agent spout 7 to fine coal burner 1 port of export above is 0.2D-0.45D.
Detailed description of the invention two: combine Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and present embodiment is described, described in present embodiment, a kind of gasifying agent revolves by force
Turn powder coal gasification furnace and gasification process, in fine coal burner 1, be provided with swirl vane the 9, first fine coal passage 10 and the first gasification
Agent passage 11, the first fine coal passage 10 is set on the first gasifying agent passage 11, the value of the first fine coal passage 10 external diameter
Scope is 0.3D-0.65D, and the span of the first gasifying agent passage 11 external diameter is 0.3D-0.65D, with detailed description of the invention
One is identical.
Detailed description of the invention three: combine Fig. 2-Fig. 4 and present embodiment is described, described in present embodiment, a kind of gasifying agent revolves by force
Turn powder coal gasification furnace and gasification process, be uniformly distributed along the circumference in fine coal burner 1 and be provided with many spiral fine coal pipes 20, every spiral
Fine coal pipe all rotates on the cylinder being wound around fine coal burner 1 center, and the external diameter that many spiral fine coal pipes 20 surround round place is d,
The span of d is 0.3D-0.65D.Other composition and annexation are identical with detailed description of the invention one.
Detailed description of the invention four: combine Fig. 3-Fig. 5 and present embodiment is described, described in present embodiment, a kind of gasifying agent revolves by force
Turning powder coal gasification furnace and gasification process, be provided with two-layer passage in spiral fine coal pipe 2, central circular passage is that the second gasifying agent leads to
Road 18, outer annular channel is the second fine coal passage 19.Other composition and annexation are identical with detailed description of the invention three.
Detailed description of the invention five: combine Fig. 1-Fig. 5 and present embodiment is described, described in present embodiment, a kind of gasifying agent revolves by force
Turn powder coal gasification furnace and gasification process, specifically comprising the following steps that of described gasification process
Step one, setting gasification hearth 3 internal pressure as 0.1～4MPa, the running temperature of gasification hearth 3 is
1250～1600 DEG C；
Step 2, temperature are that the dried coal powder of 25～100 DEG C is carried with cyclone mode through fine coal burning by nitrogen or carbon dioxide
The first fine coal passage 10 or the second fine coal passage 19 on mouth 1 send into gasification hearth 3 inside；Account for total amount 10%～40%
Temperature is the gasifying agent of 20～400 DEG C the first gasifying agent passage 11 or the second gasification in the way of eddy flow on fine coal burner 1
It is internal that agent passage 18 sprays into gasification hearth 3, and gasifying agent flows at furnace roof region rotating Vortex downmix with fine coal；
After step 3, fine coal and gasifying agent mixed airflow touch the high-temperature synthesis gas that Central backflow area volume sucks back, by its point
Combustion, forms slag at gasification hearth 3 top combustion；
Step 4, residue account for the gasifying agent that temperature is 20～400 DEG C of total amount 60%～90% by described gasifying agent spout 7 with
The speed of 100～200m/s tangentially sprays into gasification hearth 3 along stove high stratification, and gasifying agent air-flow at a high speed is formed strong after pouring burner hearth
Strong swirling eddy, under the influence of centrifugal force, the slag of about 80% is got rid of forms thicker slag blanket in face, furnace wall, and slag blanket is equal
Even, swirling eddy constantly washes away the slag blanket on burner hearth wall, and strong gasification reaction occurs with it；
The raw gas that step 5, gasification generate flows out gasification hearth 3 by described synthesis gas passage 5, the liquid slag edge of generation
Wall flows into slag bath 6, is discharged by bottom slag discharge after cooling.
Operation principle
In gasification furnace, operation principle is as shown in Figure 1.Nitrogen or carbon dioxide carry fine coal and blow into the spiral shell in fine coal burner 1
In rotation fine coal pipe 10 or the second fine coal passage 19, rotate and spray into burner hearth 3, formed on burner hearth 3 top and rotate downward fine coal
Air-flow.The gasifying agent oxygen accounting for 10%～40% enters the first gasifying agent passage 11 or the in fine coal burner 1 with steam
Two gasifying agent passages 18, rotate and spray into burner hearth 3, are formed on burner hearth 3 top and rotate downward gasifying agent air-flow.Fine coal air-flow
Rotating Vortex flowing together with gasifying agent air-flow, both flow process constantly mix.Fine coal and gasifying agent mixed airflow and center
After the high-temperature synthesis gas mixing that recirculating zone volume sucks back, lighted by it, form slag at burner hearth 3 top combustion.Remaining
The gasifying agent of 60%～90% tangentially sprays into burner hearth 3 along stove high stratification, by furnace wall in burner hearth 3 at a high speed through gasifying agent spout 7
Restriction, form the strong gasifying agent air-flow rotated.Under the injection of this strand of strong rotary pneumatic agent air-flow, pulverized coal friring shape
The slag, the high-temperature synthesis gas of volume suction that become rotate near wall district together with gasifying agent air-flow and flow downward；Strongly rotated
The effect of the centrifugal force produced, the slag of about 80% is got rid of on wall, forms one layer of liquid slag blanket the thickest.
High-temperature synthesis gas and gasifying agent air-flow that the remaining slag of about 20%, volume are inhaled mix continuation and rotate near wall district
Flow downward.Slag blanket slowly flows downward along wall, and the strong mixed airflow rotated the most constantly washes away wall slag blanket, at this
During, constantly there is strong gasification reaction with the slag in wall slag blanket, mixed airflow in the gasifying agent in mixed airflow.
Reacted wall slag blanket continues to flow downward along wall, is discharged by slag-drip opening after entering slag bath cooling.Rotate downward mixing
The continuous generating gasification of air-flow is reacted, and becomes the synthesis gas flow of high temperature when arriving gasification furnace bottom.Owing to mixed airflow is at nearly stove
Wall district rotational flow, the pressure at burner hearth center is relatively low, and the synthesis gas of gasification furnace bottom is by Involving velocity, in burner hearth
The heart flows up, and forms stable high temperature center recirculating zone.The high-temperature synthesis gas that high temperature center recirculating zone volume is inhaled is back to gasification
Furnace roof end, lights the fine coal air-flow sprayed into by fine coal burner 1, is then again introduced near wall region rotation and moves downward.Finally,
The synthesis gas generated flows out from synthesis gas passage 5.
Embodiment
The 80000Nm of one application present invention3The gasification furnace of/h gas making amount, carries out single-phase Modelling Test to it: experimentation
Spiral fine coal pipe 10 centrage place diameter of a circle is 0.45 and 0.2 liang of group operating mode with the ratio of furnace diameter, and contrast is sent out
Existing: when ratio is 0.45, Central backflow area is relatively big, and capacity of returns is relatively big, and recirculating zone is stable；When ratio is 0.2, in
Heart recirculating zone is less, and capacity of returns is few, and recirculating zone is unstable, swings back and forth along body of heater radial direction, and number of oscillations per minute is high
Reach more than 15 times.Above-mentioned two groups of operating modes are carried out numerical simulation study discovery: when ratio is 0.45, pulverized coal particle is at stove
The interior time of staying is long, about 8 seconds, and time of staying length is conducive to the abundant reaction of pulverized coal particle, and efficiency of carbon con version is high；Work as ratio
When being 0.2, pulverized coal particle is short at residing time in furnace, about 2 seconds, is unfavorable for the abundant reaction of pulverized coal particle, and carbon converts
Rate is low.
Claims (5)
1. a gasifying agent rotates by force powder coal gasification furnace, it is characterised in that: it include fine coal burner (1), gasification body of heater (2),
Water-cooling wall (4), synthesis gas channel (5) and gasifying agent spout (7), gasification body of heater (2) is by hemisphere and cylinder
Composition, water-cooling wall (4) is arranged in gasification body of heater (2), and water-cooling wall (4) is arranged side by side by many Vertically tube and forms,
Gasification hearth (3) is the revolving body surrounded by water-cooling wall (4), and the internal diameter of gasification hearth (3) is D, slag bath (6) position
In the bottom of gasification body of heater (2), synthesis gas passage (5) is inserted into the bottom of gasification body of heater (2), gasifying agent spout (7)
On the most uniform sidewall being disposed side by side on gasification body of heater (2) top, and each gasifying agent spout (7) is along gas
The tangential direction changing burner hearth (3) is inserted in gasification hearth (3), and the equal water of spout central line of each gasifying agent spout (7)
Flat arranging, fine coal burner (1) is arranged on the top of gasification body of heater (2), and the axis of fine coal burner (1) and gasification hearth
(3) dead in line, the distance of gasifying agent spout (7) above to fine coal burner (1) port of export is taking of L, L
Value is 0.2D-0.45D.
The most according to claim 1, a kind of gasifying agent rotates by force powder coal gasification furnace, it is characterised in that: fine coal burner (1)
Swirl vane (9), the first fine coal passage (10) and the first gasifying agent passage (11), the first fine coal passage it is provided with in being inside provided with
(10) being set on the first gasifying agent passage (11), the span of the first fine coal passage (10) external diameter is 0.3D-0.65D,
The span of the first gasifying agent passage (11) external diameter is 0.3D-0.65D.
The most according to claim 1, a kind of gasifying agent rotates by force powder coal gasification furnace, it is characterised in that: fine coal burner (1)
Inside being uniformly distributed along the circumference and be provided with many spirals fine coal pipe (20), every spiral fine coal pipe all rotates winding fine coal burner (1) center
Cylinder on, the span that external diameter is d, d that many spirals fine coal pipe (20) surround round place is 0.3D-0.65D.
4. state a kind of gasifying agent according to claim 3 and rotate by force powder coal gasification furnace, it is characterised in that: spiral fine coal pipe (20)
In be provided with two-layer passage, central circular passage is the second gasifying agent passage (18), and outer annular channel is the second fine coal passage
(19)。
5. utilize a kind of gasifying agent described in claim 1,2,3 or 4 to rotate by force a gasification process for powder coal gasification furnace, its
It is characterised by: specifically comprising the following steps that of described gasification process
Step one, setting gasification hearth (3) internal pressure as 0.1～4MPa, the running temperature of gasification hearth (3) is
1250～1600 DEG C；
Step 2, temperature are that the dried coal powder of 25～100 DEG C is carried with cyclone mode through fine coal burning by nitrogen or carbon dioxide
It is internal that mouth (1) sends into gasification hearth (3)；Account for the gasifying agent that temperature is 20～400 DEG C of total amount 10%～40% with eddy flow
It is internal that mode sprays into gasification hearth (3) through fine coal burner (1), and gasifying agent mixes downwards at furnace roof region rotating Vortex with fine coal
Interflow is dynamic；
After step 3, fine coal and gasifying agent mixed airflow touch the high-temperature synthesis gas that Central backflow area volume sucks back, by its point
Combustion, forms slag at gasification hearth (3) top combustion；
Step 4, residue account for the gasifying agent that temperature is 20～400 DEG C of total amount 60%～90% by described gasifying agent spout (7)
Speed with 100～200m/s tangentially sprays into gasification hearth (3) along stove high stratification, and gasifying agent air-flow at a high speed pours shape after burner hearth
Becoming strong swirling eddy, under the influence of centrifugal force, the slag of about 80% is got rid of forms thicker slag blanket, slag blanket in face, furnace wall
Uniformly, swirling eddy constantly washes away the slag blanket on burner hearth wall, and strong gasification reaction occurs with it；
The raw gas that step 5, gasification generate flows out gasification hearth (3), the liquid of generation by described synthesis gas passage (5)
Slag flows into slag bath (6) along wall, is discharged by bottom slag discharge after cooling.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105087071A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for gasifying pulverized coal by feeding pulverized coal with air and strongly rotating gasifying agents |
| CN105132035A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasifying agent strongly-rotating pulverized coal gasifying device and gasifying method |
| CN105199782A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasification agent, strong-rotating pulverized coal and fly ash mixed-burning gasifier device and method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105087071A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-11-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for gasifying pulverized coal by feeding pulverized coal with air and strongly rotating gasifying agents |
| CN105132035A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasifying agent strongly-rotating pulverized coal gasifying device and gasifying method |
| CN105199782A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Gasification agent, strong-rotating pulverized coal and fly ash mixed-burning gasifier device and method |
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