CN105947182B - A kind of foldable propeller and aircraft - Google Patents
A kind of foldable propeller and aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN105947182B CN105947182B CN201610354136.1A CN201610354136A CN105947182B CN 105947182 B CN105947182 B CN 105947182B CN 201610354136 A CN201610354136 A CN 201610354136A CN 105947182 B CN105947182 B CN 105947182B
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- blade
- actuator
- sub
- jth
- propeller
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
- B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
- B64C11/16—Blades
- B64C11/20—Constructional features
- B64C11/28—Collapsible or foldable blades
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Transmission Devices (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of foldable propeller and aircraft, this foldable propeller includes propeller hub, the blade being connected on propeller hub and the n actuator made of marmem；Blade includes successively hinged m sub- blades；One end of i-th actuator is connect with the sub- blade of jth, and the other end is connect with the sub- blade of jth+1, and the value of i is 1 to n, and the value of j is 1 to n；Conversion driving jth sub- blade relative rotation relative to jth+1 sub- blade of the actuator between geneva posture and austenite state.The geneva posture of actuator and the shape of austenite state are preset, when temperature change reduction, reaches default value, deformation occurs for memory conjunction at this time, and then actuator can deformation occurs, drives the expansion of blade；It does not need to increase power source, it is only necessary to which temperature reaches the temperature of the preset geneva posture of actuator；And each blade can fold and unfold, and reduce the occupied space of propeller in the non-use state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the propeller field used on aircraft, in particular to a kind of foldable propellers, and are equipped with
This folds the aircraft of propeller.
Background technique
Propeller size is bigger, and revolving speed is slower, and efficiency is higher, low to strength of materials requirement, in the low situation of atmospheric density
Under, it can also work.But size is bigger, occupied space is also bigger, especially when aircraft lands on the ground, especially
Highlight its occupied space；It especially promotes and uses propeller, propeller hub is horizontally disposed, and blade, which is not sent out, to be done greatly.
Chinese patent foldable propeller, application number: 201410127018.8, a kind of foldable propeller is disclosed, is had
There are left blade, right blade, upper paddle lid, lower paddle lid, the installation end of left blade and upper paddle lid, lower paddle lid are articulated and connected, right blade
Installation end and upper paddle lid, lower paddle lid are articulated and connected, upper paddle lid, lower paddle lid middle part be respectively equipped with transverse connecting rod, transverse connecting rod
Middle part be provided with motor shaft mounting hole.Die manufacturing cost of the invention is low.This propeller blade is foldable.But after its folding
Size be only under use state 1/2, when paddle size is larger, or occupy biggish space；And its folding
Power comes from motor, has additionally increased a motor on board the aircraft, has increased the weight of aircraft, waste of resource.
Summary of the invention
It does not need additionally to increase power source technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind and propeller can be realized
Automatic-expanding and folding, and a kind of foldable propeller that volume after folding is small.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of foldable propeller, including propeller hub, it is connected to
Blade and the n actuator made of marmem on the propeller hub, wherein n takes positive integer；The blade include according to
Secondary hinged m sub- blades, wherein m=n+1；One end of i-th actuator is connect with the sub- blade of jth, i-th actuator
The other end is connect with the sub- blade of jth+1, and the value of i is 1 to n, and the value of j is 1 to n；Environment temperature where the actuator
Variation makes the actuator generate deformation and then the sub- blade of the jth is driven to rotate relative to the sub- blade of the jth+1.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the geneva posture of default actuator and the shape of austenite state, when temperature change drops
It is low, reach default value, deformation occurs for memory conjunction at this time, and then actuator can deformation occurs, drives the expansion of blade；It does not need
Increase power source, it is only necessary to which temperature reaches the temperature of the preset geneva posture of actuator；And each blade can be rolled over
Folded and expansion, reduces the occupied space of propeller in the non-use state.
Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.
Further, conversion of the actuator between geneva posture and austenite state drives the sub- blade of jth opposite
It is rotated in the sub- blade of the jth+1.
It further, further include gear and rack gear, the gear is engaged with the rack gear；The rack gear is slidably connected at described
On the sub- blade of jth, the gear is fixedly connected on the j+1 blade；The other end and the tooth of i-th actuator
Item is fixedly connected.
Another feasible scheme is to provide using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme, i.e., is driven by actuator
Rack gear slides on the sub- blade of jth, the rotation with moving gear, and then drives the rotation of the sub- blade of jth+1, and then realizes blade
It folds and unfolds.
Further, when foldable propeller is in folded state, the actuator is in austenite state；In foldable spiral shell
When rotation paddle is in unfolded state, the actuator is in geneva posture.
Beneficial effect using above-mentioned further scheme is in a state of use due to propeller, to be substantially in high-altitude
In, the temperature in high-altitude is lower, and the low-temperature phase of actuator is martensite, therefore by the unfolded state of propeller and geneva posture phase
It is correspondingly arranged.
Further, the actuator is shape-memory alloy wire, shape-memory alloy rod or shape memory alloy spring.
Further, the actuator has double-pass memory effect.
It does not need additionally to increase power source technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind and propeller can be realized
Automatic-expanding and folding, and a kind of aircraft that volume after folding is small.
The technical scheme to solve the above technical problems is that a kind of aircraft, on the aircraft installation just like
A kind of foldable propeller described in any of the above-described technical solution.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are identical as a kind of above-mentioned beneficial effect of foldable propeller, and details are not described herein.
Further, the aircraft is dirigible.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of folded schematic diagram of the first part-structure of foldable propeller of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram after a kind of the first part-structure expansion of foldable propeller of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is a kind of folded schematic diagram of second of part-structure of foldable propeller of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram after a kind of second of part-structure expansion of foldable propeller of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a kind of folded schematic diagram of the third part-structure of foldable propeller of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram after a kind of the third part-structure expansion of foldable propeller of the present invention.
In attached drawing, parts list represented by the reference numerals are as follows:
1, actuator, the 2, first sub- blade, the 3, second sub- blade, 4, gear, 5, rack gear.
Specific embodiment
The principle and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, and
It is non-to be used to limit the scope of the invention.
My curved-surface structure of blade in actual use, therefore folded sub- blade cannot be completely coincident；But it is exactly
Due to incomplete folding, it can also make propeller that can also work in a folded configuration.In the structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 to Fig. 6
In do not embody curved surface.
Embodiment one
As shown in Figures 1 to 6, a kind of foldable propeller is disclosed, including propeller hub, the blade and n that are connected on propeller hub
A actuator 1 made of marmem, wherein n takes positive integer；Blade includes successively hinged m sub- blades, wherein m
=n+1；One end of i-th actuator 1 is connect with the sub- blade of jth, and the other end of the i-th actuator is connect with the sub- blade of jth+1, i's
Value is 1 to n, and the value of j is 1 to n；Conversion of the actuator 1 between geneva posture and austenite state drives the sub- blade phase of jth
The relative rotation of blade for jth+1.Unfolding and folding for paddle is driven using the deformation of actuator 1.
It In yet another embodiment, further include gear 4 and rack gear 5, gear 4 is engaged with rack gear 5；Rack gear 5 is slidably connected at
On the sub- blade of jth, gear 4 is fixedly connected on j+1 blade；The other end of i-th actuator is fixedly connected with rack gear 5.
When foldable propeller is in folded state, actuator 1 is in austenite state；Exhibition is in foldable propeller
When open state, actuator 1 is in geneva posture.
In practical applications, actuator 1 is shape-memory alloy wire, actuator silk or shape memory alloy spring.Driving
Part 1 has double-pass memory effect.
It may be implemented the manufacture of the length of run of blade using foldable propeller of the invention at very big, can be more than 30
Rice.Au-Cd, Ag-Cd, Cu-Zn, Cu-Zn-Al, Cu-Zn-Sn, Cu-Zn-Si, Cu-Sn, Cu- can be selected in the material of actuator 1
Zn-Ga, In-Ti, Au-Cu-Zn, NiAl, Fe-Pt, Ti-Ni, Ti-Ni-Pd, Ti-Nb, U-Nb or Fe-Mn-Si alloy.According to
Actual demand can fill matel coated coating on the surface of blade and/or the surface of actuator.
It since multistage can be made in paddle disclosed by the invention, that is, include multiple sub- paddles；But two adjacent son slurries
The connection relationship of leaf is identical, below be just only described in detail in the case where two blades.
As illustrated in figs. 1 and 2, one end of the first sub- blade 2 and one end of the second sub- blade 3 are hinged, realize that this is hinged
One end of the first sub- blade 2 can be connect with one end of the second sub- blade 3 by pin shaft.One end of the actuator 1 of I shape is fixed
On the first sub- blade 2, and the other end of this actuator 1 is fixed on the second sub- blade 3；After reaching preset temperature, I shape
Actuator 1 generate shape, become L shape, and the second sub- blade 3 has been driven rotate around pin shaft, expansion blade.When needing paddle
When leaf folds, it is only necessary to the temperature of actuator 1 are heated to preset temperature, actuator 1 deforms, and blade can be driven
It folds.
As described in fig. 3 and fig. 4, one end of the first sub- blade 2 and one end of the second sub- blade 3 are hinged, realize that this is hinged
One end of the first sub- blade 2 can be connect with one end of the second sub- blade 3 by pin shaft.One end of L-shaped actuator 1 is fixed
On the first sub- blade 2, and the other end of this actuator 1 is fixed on the second sub- blade 3；After reaching preset temperature, L shape
Actuator 1 generate shape, become I shape, and the second sub- blade 3 has been driven rotate around pin shaft, expansion blade.When needing paddle
When leaf folds, it is only necessary to the temperature of actuator 1 are heated to preset temperature, actuator 1 deforms, and blade can be driven
It folds.
As described in the fig 5 and 6, one end of the first sub- blade 2 and one end of the second sub- blade 3 are hinged, realize that this is hinged
One end of the first sub- blade 2 can be connect with one end of the second sub- blade 3 by pin shaft.
It is provided with a sliding slot on the first sub- blade 2, and a rack gear 5 is set in this sliding slot, rack gear 5 is slidably connected at
In sliding slot；Gear 4 is set on pin shaft, and is fixedly connected with the second sub- blade 3；Rack gear 5 is mutually twisted with gear 4.
One end of actuator 1 is fixedly connected with rack gear 5, and the other end is fixed on the first sub- blade 2.
After reaching preset temperature, actuator 1 generates shape, and band carry-over bar 5 slides in sliding slot, and then drives gear 4
Rotation, final realize drive the second sub- blade 3 rotate around pin shaft, expansion blade.When needing to fold blade, it is only necessary to will
The temperature of actuator 1 is heated to preset temperature, and actuator 1 deforms, and blade folding can be driven.
The shape of actuator 1 is not limited to the shape in above-described embodiment, according to circumstances can specifically set in actual use
It sets.
Connection with more than two blades and to unfold and fold situation identical with above scheme, it is no longer heavy herein
Multiple explanation.
Embodiment two
A kind of aircraft is equipped with a kind of foldable spiral as described in technical solution any in embodiment one on aircraft
Paddle.
Embodiment three
A kind of dirigible is equipped with a kind of foldable propeller as described in technical solution any in embodiment one on dirigible.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of foldable propeller, which is characterized in that including propeller hub, the blade being connected on the propeller hub and n by shape
Actuator made of memorial alloy (1), wherein n takes positive integer；
The blade includes successively hinged m sub- blades, wherein m=n+1；One end of i-th actuator and the sub- blade of jth connect
It connects, the other end of i-th actuator is connect with the sub- blade of jth+1, and the value of i is 1 to n, and the value of j is 1 to n；The drive
The variation of environment temperature where moving part (1) makes the actuator (1) to generate deformation and then drives the sub- blade of the jth relative to institute
State the sub- blade rotation of jth+1.
2. a kind of foldable propeller according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the actuator (1) geneva posture with
Conversion between austenite state drives relative rotation of the sub- blade of jth relative to the sub- blade of the jth+1.
3. a kind of foldable propeller according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include gear (4) and rack gear (5), institute
Gear (4) is stated to be engaged with the rack gear (5)；The rack gear (5) is slidably connected on the sub- blade of the jth, and the gear (4) is solid
Surely it is connected on the j+1 blade；The other end of i-th actuator is fixedly connected with the rack gear (5).
4. a kind of foldable propeller according to any one of the claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that at foldable propeller
When folded state, the actuator (1) is in austenite state；When foldable propeller is in unfolded state, the driving
Part (1) is in geneva posture.
5. a kind of foldable propeller according to any one of the claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the actuator (1) is shape
Shape memory alloys silk, shape-memory alloy rod or shape memory alloy spring.
6. a kind of foldable propeller according to any one of the claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the actuator (1) has
Double-pass memory effect.
7. a kind of aircraft, which is characterized in that installation is just like one kind as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 on the aircraft
Foldable propeller.
8. a kind of aircraft according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the aircraft is dirigible.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610354136.1A CN105947182B (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2016-05-25 | A kind of foldable propeller and aircraft |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610354136.1A CN105947182B (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2016-05-25 | A kind of foldable propeller and aircraft |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105947182A CN105947182A (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| CN105947182B true CN105947182B (en) | 2019-02-19 |
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| CN201610354136.1A Active CN105947182B (en) | 2016-05-25 | 2016-05-25 | A kind of foldable propeller and aircraft |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106741909A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-05-31 | 北京华信智航科技有限公司 | A kind of co-axial contra rotating propeller of horizontal folding |
| CN107891968B (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2024-06-07 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术股份有限公司 | Folding screw, power component and unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN109345958A (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 | Cover board and flexible display screen for flexible display screen |
| CN112607004A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-04-06 | 浙江大学 | Transversely-folded propeller |
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| DE4119810A1 (en) * | 1991-06-15 | 1992-12-17 | Stemme Gmbh & Co Kg | Aircraft propeller with foldable blades - has variable blade adjustment angle with link between outer linkage positions and propeller drive shaft |
| RU2171207C2 (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 2001-07-27 | Даниленко Владимир Федорович | Helicopter rotor with variable-geometry blades |
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| US7857590B1 (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2010-12-28 | Neal Larry R | Folding rotor for a rotorcraft |
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2016
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| DE4119810A1 (en) * | 1991-06-15 | 1992-12-17 | Stemme Gmbh & Co Kg | Aircraft propeller with foldable blades - has variable blade adjustment angle with link between outer linkage positions and propeller drive shaft |
| RU2171207C2 (en) * | 1996-12-03 | 2001-07-27 | Даниленко Владимир Федорович | Helicopter rotor with variable-geometry blades |
| US7857590B1 (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2010-12-28 | Neal Larry R | Folding rotor for a rotorcraft |
| CN101543026A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2009-09-23 | 诺基亚公司 | Hinge arrangement with leaf springs |
| CN201385780Y (en) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-01-20 | 冯云龙 | Novel propeller |
| CN102649476A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | 波音公司 | Disc rotor retraction system |
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| CN105947182A (en) | 2016-09-21 |
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