CN1059425A - The controller of programmable safety electrical socket - Google Patents
The controller of programmable safety electrical socket Download PDFInfo
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- CN1059425A CN1059425A CN 90107387 CN90107387A CN1059425A CN 1059425 A CN1059425 A CN 1059425A CN 90107387 CN90107387 CN 90107387 CN 90107387 A CN90107387 A CN 90107387A CN 1059425 A CN1059425 A CN 1059425A
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- Y02B90/224—
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- Y02B90/226—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
- Y04S20/14—Protecting elements, switches, relays or circuit breakers
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Abstract
A kind of controller of programmable electrical safety socket, it comprises: load jockey, measurement mechanism, converting means, microprocessor, and power switch device.On safe voltage, obtain one group of electric property material that connects load by measurement mechanism.The electrical characteristics of one group of physiological data relevant with human body of microprocessor utilization storage are compared with above-mentioned electrical characteristic of load, realize transition according to comparative result control power switch device between standby mode and incentive mode.Thereby avoid human electric shock's danger, under the power supply incentive mode, do not have leakage current, overload, overvoltage and over-heated condition.This control device can be provided with telecommunication and function for monitoring.
Description
The electric connector that the present invention relates to be used for protecting and can not be shocked by electricity; Connection Block and socket; relate in particular to electrical safety socket, this socket can be designed to be used for differentiating possible Danger Electric shock risk and normal service load via a controller before applying power supply.
The electrical safety socket of known technology and the design of connector comprise and are provided with many wall sockets and light bulb holder, can prevent electric shock when their structure is designed to be used for operating.
A common trait of prior art design is to be provided with a mechanical internal switch, through the insertion of plug or electrical load device and be operated, for example makes a bulb enter this socket or Connection Block.The operation of mechanical switch is used for finishing being electrically connected of this plug or load device and the active contact that applies power supply continuously.The example of this kind design sees following United States Patent (USP) case:
U.S.Patent No.4，271，337
U.S.Patent No.4，179，175
U.S.Patent No.4，152，557
U.S.Patent No.4，148，536
U.S.Patent No.4，093，336
U.S.Patent No.3，915，536
U.S.Patent No.3，895，195
U.S.Patent No.3，699，285
U.S.Patent No.3，596，019
U.S.Patent No.3，579，171
U.S.Patent No.2，735，906
Be used for preventing that another design of electric shock operation sees U.S. Patent No. 4,647, the 120(patent right is awarded to Karabakakis), an electric safety plug is wherein arranged with a small magnet, in the time of in being inserted into a socket, utilize the magnetic of this small magnet to start an internal switch.A variation example of this kind design sees U.S. Patent No. 4,616, and the 285(patent right is awarded to Sackett) wherein should can be inserted from the outside of socket by the switch of magnetic operator.
In the design of above-mentioned known technology, the method that prevents Danger Electric shock risk all is to utilize the mechanical type barrier, and starter etc. are used for preventing that personnel from touching active contact.Because be to utilize mechanical design, thus can only limit electric shock danger generation and can not eliminate fully because because mechanical breakdown, corrosion is worn and torn and is loosened, and friction etc., regular meeting makes its functional failure.If when the design of any this kind mode has suffered from mechanical breakdown or started fault, may produce disaster, because the electrical socket contact often powered by distribution system, so may be owing to above-mentioned fault touches human body.
Another safety device that is widely used in 220V Monophase electric power system is a kind of differential circuit breaker, and its design is used for preventing the danger of electric shock.One of this kind device example is that known " Schutzschalter " (also being called the ground wire leakage circuit breaker) is by Siemens AG of Germany produce and market.This device includes a loop coil, and it has been wound into phase place, neutrality and inspection and has picked up winding.The operating principle of this device is will induce the electromagnetism magnetic flux at this loop coil when between phase place and neutral winding current imbalance being arranged, and can utilize an inspection to pick up winding and detect this magnetic flux.This is picked up winding and is connected to a tiny solenoid and is used for connecting rod of drawing and trigger a mechanical device and operate this circuit breaker with this.
Because this phase place can't produce just identical electromagnetism magnetic flux usually with neutral winding, exist to be detected to use by pickup coil and produce an induced voltage so often have a little difference.For this problem of fine compensation with obtain maximum susceptibility, can be corrected via rotation so be provided with a small magnet, be used for the triggering connecting rod of the mechanical device of operating this circuit breaker is applied reverse strength.Yet this correction must be carried out in factory, because it is a kind of balance of power device, so the admissible error of proofreading and correct is very strict.
Typical mode, specified breaker protection is to be used in when having the 30mA leakage current.This kind leakage current escape quota is breakneck for human body, can be subjected to sizable electric shock at this kind level.Yet if the susceptibility increase is used when responding less leakage current level, this device will be malfunctioning.This is that so it must provide service to many loads, each load has the little leakage current that is fixed with because this device is installed the electricity consumption that becomes to be used for to protect whole family usually, therefore increases the escape that its susceptibility may make the mistake.
The another one problem of differential release unit is the design of escape mechanism, its need machinery to amplify to be used for making little solenoid can in the broken height electric current contact.Usual way is to use one " mechanical amplifier " to utilize the spring energy of storage to operate, and points out that according to statistical report this kind device of 30% is just malfunctioning after using 1 year.
The another one problem of this kind device is a response speed.Because it is a kind of Machine Design, so the optimal response time that can expect to obtain is in the scope of millisecond (ms) degree, though this kind situation can fatally can not make the people be subjected to sizable electric shock yet.
As mentioned above, the differential release unit has following three shortcomings at least:
(a) its susceptibility is restricted, and decides according to the calibration setup of strictness:
(b) utilize the spring energy that stores to operate, along with the process of time, friction, the aging meeting of dirt and machine components reduce reliability; With
(c) have response slowly, because it is to rely on machinery to amplify, and finishing that machinery amplifies needs several levels to carry out with serial mode.
Therefore, having to provide a kind of electrical safety socket, does not need to rely on the operation of mechanical part, uses in order to the reliability that obtains higher level and fail safe and can eliminate the danger of getting an electric shock and dying in fact.
Therefore, one of the present invention main purpose is the controller that is used for overcoming above-mentioned shortcoming and a kind of programmable safety electrical socket is provided, and can reduce the danger of getting an electric shock in fact, and its method is to differentiate human body and be connected to difference between the actual electrical load of this socket.Socket controller of the present invention with " standby mode " operation of predrive, wherein is not applied to this load with specified electric power, but checks the difference between " vacation " load and the actual electrical load earlier earlier.Successfully finish after this checks, if determine to be connected be the electric loading of a reality time, socket controller of the present invention just automatically transforms to " excitation " pattern, in the meantime electric power is applied to this load.
Another object of the present invention provides the leakage current protection, and its method is leaked situation with test actual electrical load of predrive " standby " pattern and dummy load both sides' electric current.
Another object of the present invention is to decide existing of overload situation with the predrive standby mode, uses to prevent that power supply is applied to this electrical safety socket.
It is after this socket is energized that the present invention also has the another one purpose, when the situation of short circuit, overload and leakage current protection is arranged, removes the excitation to this electrical safety socket.
The present invention more has another purpose to provide a kind of feature of automatic supervision, when this electrical safety socket operation, is used for preventing that overheating conditions from taking place.
The present invention also has the another one purpose to provide computer information and/or power line communication uses the operation that encourages or stop this socket for the controller of this programmable safety electrical socket.
It is that the sensitive electric appliance of protection makes it can be because of the voltage situation that fluctuates suddenly that the present invention more has the another one purpose, transient state etc. and cause danger, and its method is to remove the excitation of this socket in the minimum safety interval of about 10 microseconds.
It is to hand over moment more to make this socket become ON corresponding to no-voltage that the present invention also has the another one purpose, hands over moment more to make this socket become OFF at zero current, is used for avoiding the spark of inductive load.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a kind of control device of programmable safety electrical socket is provided, it includes:
The load jockey;
Measurement mechanism is connected to this load jockey, is used for measuring one group of electrical characteristics relevant with the load that is connected with standby pattern;
Converting means is used for these group electrical characteristics are transformed into one group of data value;
Processor apparatus is used for this group data value of receiving and inspection, uses the switching signal of decision corresponding to an incentive mode; With
Power switch device is used for responding this switching signal and uses power supply is applied to this load jockey, allows this load of this incentive mode use;
This processor is programmed to and is used for producing this switching signal and uses the control transition of this power switch device between this standby mode and this incentive mode, according to the inspection of this group data value with deciding this characteristic whether consistent with an actual electrical load characteristic.
In preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control device of this programmable safety electrical socket is configured to have the design of microprocessor, and be enclosed in the Socket casing, with standby pattern operation, wherein the rated voltage of electric power system is separated this socket effectively at first.
In this kind pattern, this socket is not a power supply, and its effect is to use as a measurement mechanism to decide before applying the power supply of electric power system with incentive mode, and whether dangerous situation exists.This measurement mechanism function is by microprocessor and auxiliary rigid the execution, with determining whether at the safe voltage level whether what connected is actual electric loading, or does not have because the accident of human body contacts this electrical safety socket and produces dummy load.Differentiate actual electric loading according to its ability and contact the dummy load that produces with human body, socket of the present invention can be eliminated the danger of electric shock in fact.
Whether produce when contacting as any load and socket connector, detecting and test with low voltage conditions has any electric current to leak into ground wire.Do not leak if detected electric current, just measuring its load impedance and overload forecast function, its method are provided is to check electrical characteristics and calculate the load current of this electrical safety socket when incentive mode is operated with rated voltage.If the result of decision has the overload situation, socket carries out the transition to incentive mode from standby mode operation just can not take place.
Were it not for leakage current and do not have desirable load, the operation of microprocessor just enters into the inspection step, is used for checking one group of data value of the electrical characteristics of load that expression connects, and this group data value is collected when standby mode.About one group of electrical characteristics of Human Physiology data are stored in the memory relevant with the microprocessor operation.Via this group data value and known human body electrical characteristics are compared mutually, what this microprocessor can be with parameter that determines whether any data value and actual electrical load is inconsistent, but more near the human body electrical characteristics.
If successfully by whole tests, what just decision was connected is the electric loading of a reality, this microprocessor just sends solid-state power switch of signalisation, facilitate from standby mode carrying out the transition to incentive mode, the power supply of using electric power system is applied on the coad connector of this electrical safety socket.Otherwise just maintain standby mode.
In case the another one feature of the controller of electrical safety socket of the present invention is to have the ability of its operation of continuous monitoring when being applied in the power supply of electric power system.If when leakage or overload situation taking place, just provide a kind of interrupt function via solid-state power switch because of any reason.Function for monitoring also comprises the thermal surveillance of socket operation, is used for detecting overheating conditions.
It is to have ability to be used for preventing the unsafe condition relevant with external factor that the present invention also has another feature, and for example the bad water that caused of building enters this electrical socket.In the design of the electrical socket of known technology,,, get an electric shock and die so may cause when contacting with its surface because the insulated part of jack housing is connected to line voltage in fact if there is water to contact and dangerously to exist with this socket.Utilize its test function, socket control device of the present invention can stop line voltage to be applied to socket, until the load testing success.
Another one feature of the present invention is to have computer information and/or power line communication ability, utilizes this kind ability to control this microprocessor from remote location, in order to encourage or to stop the operation of this socket.
Because used the design of processor,, can be enclosed in the wall socket so electrical safety socket controller of the present invention can be configured a pocket unit.Another mode can also be set to the part of the formation one of an original socket structure.
Can have clearer understanding to other features and advantages of the present invention by following accompanying drawing and explanation.
For relevant specific embodiment of the present invention is had better understanding, illustrate below with reference to accompanying drawing, represent corresponding elements or part with similar reference number in the accompanying drawings; In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is an electronic block diagram, and it is used for showing the preferred embodiment of one of control device of the programmable safety electrical socket with microprocessor of the operation that constitutes according to principle of the present invention;
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3-a, b are respectively the circuit diagram of the controller of the electrical safety socket shown in the electronic block diagram of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is to use driving pulse response measurement technology to be used for determining the circuit diagram of test circuit of the physiological property of human body;
Fig. 5 is the characteristic curve about the residual voltage that responds the physiological property that a square wave excitation pulse obtained;
Fig. 6 A-D is the one group of waveform that load obtained that the technology of Fig. 4-5 is applied in the electrical safety socket that is connected to Fig. 1, wherein uses to close sine wave as driving pulse;
Fig. 7 is the flow chart of the operation of the microprocessor shown in the electronic block diagram of Fig. 1; With
Fig. 8 A-B is the flow chart at the performed dummy load detecting operation of the part of the flow chart of Fig. 7.
Below with reference to Fig. 1, show the electronic block diagram that constitutes and operate according to principle of the present invention among the figure based on a preferred embodiment of the electrical safety socket controller 10 of microprocessor.Controller 10 is designed to use with an electrical socket 12, and the providing between the circuit (LS) and the neutral line (NS) of electric connector 14 of an electric power system [being used to provide voltage input (Uin)] and socket 12 is provided.Controller 10 applies output voltage (Vw) to electric connector 14, and the output of this voltage is operated according to one of them of following two kinds of patterns: (1) standby mode and (2) incentive mode.As described below, the operation of controller 10 is the abilities according to its resolution " vacation " load (this dummy load is connected to socket 12) and an actual loading.In the following description, dummy load comprises the unsafe condition that human body contacts with the connector 14 of socket 12.
Typical mode, current measuring device 21 includes a power pack, and its setting is to use the annular ferrite core with three windings.Wherein a winding and phase place circuit are connected in series, and another one then is connected with neutral windings in series.Their carryings have full-load current IL, because they are to be wound on ferrite magnetic in the opposite direction in the heart, so clean magnetic flux is zero, therefore the 3rd (picking up) winding has zero induced voltage.
Short of leakage paths does not just have induced voltage in pickup coil.Yet, if there is a people to touch this phase place circuit, just produce a leakage paths, input current is not equal to output current, facilitates picking up induced voltage of winding generation, is detected as the leakage into Id() electric current.In case after measured, the value of electric current I d and IL just is exaggerated and sends to multiplexer 23.By multiplexer 23 it is fed to A/D converter 24 then, is used for data is supplied to microprocessor 25, this microprocessor 25 can use the device of Motorola 6805 series.
Mains switch 26(HPS) connects into the electric connector 14 that is applied in voltage input (Vin) and output voltage (Vw) can be applied to socket 12 in its output.One pin of mains switch 26 is by a resistor R
SShunting, when mains switch 26 during at " OFF " state, this resistor R s is as the usefulness of current drain device.Thermal surveillance signal 13(T) be used for representing the temperature of the outer surface of mains switch 26, this signal offers multiplexer 23.
Logical circuit 42-43 is implemented by hardware and relies on the software of microprocessor 25 to be operated, and be fed 4 logical signals with deciding its operation: from " mains switch ON " signal 44,46 of microprocessor 25, pumping signal 48 and trigger reset signal 50 from monitor monitoring hardware 49.The operation of logical circuit 42-43 is used for making mains switch 26 to carry out escape when the overload situation, with overload signal 51 report microprocessor 25.When the determination result of microprocessor 25 is to remove in the overload situation, when recovering normal condition, this trigger reset signal 50 is offered logical circuit 42-43 reset.
After the described below start-up routine, be used to connect this monitor monitoring hardware 49 from the control signal 52 of microprocessor 25.Its function is the service voltage that monitors from Power Supply Unit 15, and the signal 53a-b with a pair of " power supply is supplied with OK " sends microprocessor 25 back to then, respectively be+/-12Vdc.
The another one function of monitor monitoring hardware 49 is to be used for periodically checking the operation of microprocessor 25 via receiving cycle triggering signal 54.When the cycle greater than appointed interval does not receive this signal, just the operation of microprocessor is stopped via trigger reset signal 55 and setting pumping signal 48, facilitate the lock signal 41a-b of logical circuit 42 to be used for disconnecting this mains switch 26.
It is configured to maximum rated unexpected fluctuating current into socket 12 operation of overcurrent logical circuit 42 and maximum reference current Imax() relevant.Via making load current IL and this reference current than number, if surpass this reference current, logical circuit 42 just starts lock signal 41a-b and is used for disconnecting power switch 26.In overvoltage logical circuit 43,, variable resistance (VDR) or the two-way high-voltage trigger of SIDAC (being used for triggering a comparator, via lock signal 41a-b temporary close mains switch 26) can be used to provide over-voltage protection function via being set.This kind mode can be finished the function of the transient state inhibitor of the circuit (L) that is connected across controller 10 and neutral (N) terminal.
Detector set 27 includes 2 detectors, a zero detector and the zero detector more of handing over that load current IL uses more handed over that output voltage V w uses.These detectors provide required time basic data via interrupt request circuit 56.This time base data comprises the phase shift between the voltage and current that obtains via direct measurement.That startup that signal 58 and 59 is used for discerning in these 2 detectors is interrupted.
As following further explanation, controller 10 is prepared against just often and is operated with pattern.When load was connected coad connector 14, microprocessor 25 just started test and is used for obtaining the foundation that one group of data value is used the conduct decision, with the pattern that decides the load that is connected.According to its decision, the transition between relevant standby mode and incentive mode of these mains switches 26 of microprocessor 25 control, from " OFF " status transition to " ON " state.
Output voltage V w at the lead-out terminal of mains switch 26 is monitored by analogue amplifier 16.Before connecting loads to socket 12, not having the electric current resistor R s(representative value of flowing through is 2M Ω).Therefore, input voltage vin appears at the output of mains switch 26, becomes " floating " voltage.When the load of any kind of is connected to socket 12, should just descend immediately by " floating " output voltage, use its function for monitoring, analogue amplifier 16 utilizes the decline immediately of this output voltage V w that microprocessor 25 is provided and wakes function.
The starting of the measure portion of the startup standby mode that descends immediately of output voltage V w is analyzed the load that is connected to socket 12 by microprocessor 25 in the meantime.In order to finish the purpose of this analysis, whether microprocessor 25 decision earlier has the situation of leakage current to exist, and whether this load is short circuit load, and whether load surpasses the overcurrent quota, or this load is a body.Various situations are shown in the flow chart of following (Fig. 7 and 8a-b), because mains switch 26 is not transformed into " ON " state by lock signal 41a-b, socket 12 can not enter incentive mode.
There is lineup worker's touch controller to be configured to control the function of microprocessor 25, makes ON button 60 and OFF button 62 can control the operation of socket 12 and not need to remove connected load.Selection sets up button 63 can facilitate special function to be designed, and its method is to be used for the selection and the execution of programming at microprocessor 25 via some preassigned sign indicating numbers.There is one group of LED65 to be used to refer to the input of " ON " and " OFF " state and acceleration control code.
There is a pair of inhibit signal 68 and 70 directly to supply to microprocessor 25, is used for facilitating the external control of socket 12.In the device that is provided with a plurality of sockets 12, make one of them as baseplug, its inhibit signal 68,70 can be used for instructing the operation of remaining socket 12.
As shown in Figure 1, the setting of RS-232 C communication adapter 72 is used for and the direct communication of a PC main frame, in order to programming socket 12 and control time correlation.In addition, can finish power line communication via a capacitive character modulator/demodulator 74.This kind device uses the frequency agreement as the FSK system, can receive and send some instructions via power line.Via using the FSK communication protocol, Utilities Electric Co. can facilitate or stop the operation of electrical socket 12 from a long-range control centre, uses the charge contention that is easy to decompose the client.
Below with reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 a, b, the circuit diagram of the preferred embodiment of the electrical safety socket controller 10 among the figure shown in the electronic block diagram of displayed map 1.Also show typical components values among the figure, can implement these circuit according to Electronic Design.Person skilled in the art person should understand, and uses the mark of the I/O signal of microprocessor 25 shown in Figure 1 and multiplexer 23, can be alternately with reference to this circuit.For example, be used for producing signal 32(mark an3) the analogue amplifier 19(Vin of Fig. 1) can to find at Fig. 2 be the output (also being marked as an3) of amp U4/3.In the another one example, can also use identical method to be used for trace signals 54(I/O signal C7 via diode D S19) to a door input U7/3.
Below with reference to Fig. 4, show the circuit diagram of a test circuit among the figure, this circuit is suitable for being used for determining the physiological property of human body, uses the different of the electric loading of differentiating this physiological property and reality.Impedance Reff represents because the effective resistance that parallel connection produced of the bleeder resistance of shunt resistor Rs and mains switch 26.In the circuit diagram of Fig. 2, represent with power transistor Q2 and Q3.Be used for measuring when " OFF " of mains switch 26 state of operation via the setting of transistor Q4 and the formed impedance Ri of Q5, at the mobile electric current of neutral side (NS) of socket 12.When mains switch 26 carried out the transition to incentive mode, impedance Ri was set for from maximum to the minimum value that approaches 0 from the control signal 75 and 76 of microprocessor 25, is used for forcing transistor Q4 and Q5 to become conducting.
As shown in Figure 4, load 78 and Reff and Ri are connected in series, and are used for representing the electric loading of a dummy load or a reality, and it is examined the back, and whether be the part of the function of electrical safety socket 12 with deciding if applying electric power.Test Switchboard S1 is configured to make the energy emission that is stored in load 78 in the moment of appointment when carrying out the test of a sequence, is used for measuring the residual voltage after an appointed interval.After residual voltage (being Vw in this test) is meant and is applying a driving pulse and through after the discharge at interval, remain in the voltage in this load.
The enforcement of the Test Switchboard S1 of the circuit diagram of Fig. 2 is to use transistor Q11-Q12 and operational amplifier U5/1, and its operation is used for responsive control signal 79.When control signal 79 makes Q11 and Q12 transistor become conducting, just at electric connector 14(LS) the line side produce a dynamic false zero.The measurement that this kind mode is facilitated residual voltage can disturbance at the leakage current of the Reff of this moment.
As shown in Figure 5, in the situation of the actual electrical load with capacitive impedance (RC load), the discharge that applies voltage occurs in one and discharges approaching zero until it at interval.Opposite, if in the test circuit of Fig. 4, be checked through dummy load (human body), just when the end at discharge interval, producing a voltage, it is the residual voltage of expression human body.This kind mode is effectively reacted the non-linear action of the uniqueness of human body, because the electrolysis person's character of tissue, this kind measurement has the scope of hundreds of millivolts (mv) usually.
Below with reference to Fig. 6 A-D, one group of waveform that The Application of Technology obtained of displayed map 4-5 appears at the load of the electrical safety socket 12 that is connected to Fig. 1 among the figure, wherein has a voltage half-sine wave to be used that (Fig. 6 a) as driving pulse.This voltage is that system voltage deducts the voltage drop of leap at Reff, and the execution that makes this test is at the safe voltage level.Fig. 6 b be at time T m(near next driving pulse but before it), measured residual voltage when load 78 is the situation of Low ESR high capacitance load.Fig. 6 c is the measurement result of high impedance capacity load.These two kinds of waveforms (Fig. 6 b-c) represent to have the gamut of the load characteristic of capacitive load in fact.As shown in the figure, residual voltage (Vr) is a false zero.
Fig. 6 d shows that human body is the waveform of load, and is wherein non-vanishing at the residual voltage (Vr) of time T m, but has the representative value of hundreds of mv.This characteristic forms the foundation that microprocessor 25 is made decision, and is used for differentiating the electric loading of the reality of dummy load.V parameter ro is used for selecting suitable scale to use the phase deviation of measuring between impedance and load voltage and the electric current, does further explanation with reference to the flow chart of Fig. 8 b below.
In operating aspect, when not having load to be connected to socket 12, mains switch 26 is at " OFF " state.When for the first time power supply being applied to electrical safety socket controller 10, just carry out a start-up routine.First step in this program, the content of a unit of RAM memory of microprocessor 25 and the content of corresponding ROM memory unit are compared mutually, with deciding the whether executed formerly of this start-up routine, be only when having only two values to equate and carried out, that is do not have electric power system fault.
The part of this first test is whether microprocessor 25 decision input voltage vin are 220 volts, the electric power system of 50Hz, or 115 volts, the system of 60Hz.The Method Of Accomplishment of this kind decision is zero time interval of handing between getting over continuously of reading this input voltage (Vin) and measurement voltage signal.
Next test is an intrinsic parameter of measuring socket 12, that is, impedance, leakage current, capacitance and inductance value, their constitute measured value that data bank (non-loaded " fingerprint ") is used for adjusting load parameter and use and obtain its actual value.At ROM, in order to when measured value is low, declaration socket 12 is a fault to some other constant by programming, no matter and connected load how, all can not be energized.In addition, LED group 65 can glitteringly become a kind of notice.
Last test at start-up routine is to utilize the combination of signal 75,76 and 79 to be used for operating an inner dummy load, in order to simulate the load that microprocessor 25 is checked.The parameter of inner dummy load is known and is dried by the fire and burn in the ROM of microprocessor 25.If relevant for the measurement of inner dummy load and the content match of ROM, controller 10 just enters its standby mode, be considered to fault and stopped its operation otherwise become.
According to principle of the present invention, the main purpose of socket controller 10 is only to apply power supply to use the danger that elimination is is in fact got an electric shock and died to actual electric loading.In order to reach this purpose, microprocessor 25 is programmed to according to following flow chart according to software engineering and is used for the executive software calculation.
Below with reference to Fig. 7, show the flow chart of the operation of electrical safety socket controller 10 among the figure.At first, at the square frame 80 of standby mode, mains switch 26 does not have load to be connected in socket 12 at " OFF " state.Start-up routine before connecting a load detects non-loaded situation in square frame 82, checks initial releasing energized condition at square frame 83 then.If do not connect load and mains switch when being activated, just at square frame 84 startup emergency procedures because certain reason is facilitated.If mains switch as normal condition be disengaged excitation, just obtain non-loaded " fingerprint " parameter of socket 12 at square frame 85.
Emergency procedure is attempted to make mains switch 26 to become " OFF " to be used for disposing abnormal situation.If the unsuccessful glittering notice that is used for of LED65 that just makes has fault.In preferred embodiment, normally closed reed relay contact (not shown) is installed with mains switch 26 to be connected in series, and it can be locked into disconnection by microprocessor 25, is used for making socket 12 at inactive safe condition.Make the backup protection device rather than be used for conversion electric power because be used in this oscillator,, can put into the housing of socket 12 so do not need very big volumetric spaces.
When any load contacts with electric connector 14, detect this contact at square frame 82, its mode is the (Vdrop of reduction immediately that detects at " floating " voltage output Vw
=Vline-Vw).Operation at square frame 86 is with the low voltage conditions test whether any electric current that leaks into ground wire to be arranged.The Method Of Accomplishment of this kind action is the value of Ri to be set become the measurement that its maximum impedance is used for encouraging little electric current.Because, Reff is known, so that the direct measurement of the electric current on this electric current (Vdrop/Reff) and the Ri compare mutually, if equate to be exactly not leak, if unequal, system operation just is branched off into square frame 87, connection is separated in the wait load, before the circulation of finishing square frame 80, recover non-loaded " fingerprint ".
Do not having under the situation of leaking, system operation just advances to square frame 88, in the impedance that this place's use standard stable state technology is come sensing lead, comprises the real number value and the imaginary value of calculation of load parameter, and phase deviation.Because phase deviation φ can hand over the measurement of detector 27 more to learn by zero, and the absolute value of impedance is Z
=Vw/IL, thus can be at the real number part and the imaginary part of microprocessor 25 computing impedances, and use Z Cos φ is as the real number part and use Z Sin φ as imaginary part.
The scope of impedance measurement is very broad, therefore will measure the gain susceptibility and be divided into two scales, and its selection is the amplitude (Fig. 6) according to Vro.At square frame 90, carry out the overload forecast function, the maximum admissible quota of measuring impedance and socket 12 is compared mutually, be used for guaranteeing not have the overload situation to exist, make switch 26 become " ON " in this situation.If have the overload situation to exist, square frame 87 is just got back in the operation of system, waits for non-loaded situation then.
As the more detailed description of Fig. 8 a-b, if the impedance that measures is acceptable, just carry out the dummy load detecting operation, be used for checking the possibility (when dummy load is the situation of human body) that connects dummy load at square frame 92.If when in this step, having detected dummy load, rotate back into square frame 87, wait for non-loaded situation then with regard to the operation that makes system.
And if if whole tests of having only, carrying out at standby mode load of showing a reality when being connected to socket 12, the operation of microprocessor 25 just advances to the next procedure that is used for carrying out square frame 94, detect at this place voltage zero-crossing use more start mains switch 26 carry out the transition to incentive mode from standby mode.When power supply was applied to socket 12, the value of load current (IL) and leakage current (Id) just was stabilized, and set other attribute then at square 96, that is set the overload value of maximum protection and the minimum of leakage current.
When normal running, make it not have leakage current and overload situation at square frame 98 and 100 these sockets 12 of protection.In the time of power supply will being moved apart socket 12, can remove load and make socket controller 10 rotate back into inactive state, or utilize OFF button 62 to make it become OFF.In the latter's situation, microprocessor 25 is facilitated and is handed over more detector 27 to detect when current zero when first zero current is handed over more socket 12 to be closed, therefore can to eliminate because any spark that back-EMF produced of inductive load.If the plug of the load apparatus that is connected does not pull out, when pressing OFF button 62, this ON button 60 can be used for recovering socket controller 10 makes its operation as there being a load regulation once to be connected to this connector 14.
In addition, when normal running, the hot situation that is produced owing to the transistorized radiator of power TMOS of mains switch 26 also is monitored.102 test thermal surveillance signal an6(see Fig. 1 for details at square frame shown in Figure 7), can not reach about 70 ℃ in order to the outer surface that guarantees radiator, otherwise mains switch 26 just is transformed into " OFF " state.This is because the bad contact between load and the socket connector 14 causes.
In case when square 104 defines a load and continues to exist, just form a circulation, and carry out the test that repeats continuously at square frame 98,100 and 102.If these conditions keep satisfying, mains switch 26 remains on " ON " state when continuing to be monitored in this circulation.Yet, if this load is disengaged when connecting, just detect load current and whether do not exist at square frame 104, be used for making mains switch 26 to become " OFF " state if just transfer control to square frame 106, make the operation of system rotate back into square 87, wait for that then load is connected.
Shown in Fig. 8 a-b,, check output voltage V w at this place and whether equal symmetric points, or whether this load has polarity in the positive and negative part of system voltage at square frame 108 beginning dummy load detecting operations.The example of the load of these patterns includes some electronic circuits, wherein has a rectifier to be used for producing a dc voltage, this dc voltage by a filtering capacitor in addition smoothing allow internal circuit (broadcast receiver, television set etc.) use by this.
If output voltage V w is asymmetric, that is this load is not human body, and the operation of system just is branched off into square frame 94, makes mains switch 26 become " ON ".Yet if output voltage is symmetrical, just expression might be the human body load, and whether so just proceed the dummy load detecting operation at square frame 110, being used for checking output voltage waveforms is sinusoidal wave.The Method Of Accomplishment of this kind action is with the interval of appointment output voltage V w to be taken a sample, and makes this equivalence normalization and the sinusoidal wave data of external form of being obtained and the characteristic that is stored in ROM is compared mutually.If the result of this comparison shows that it is not sinusoidal wave, be branched off into square frame 94 with regard to the operation that makes system and be used for the excitation power supply switch.
Otherwise just make to operate in square frame 112 and continue, check load impedance Z at this place, in order to decision whether less than the Zh of the minimum value of human body impedance.This value can decide via the reference medical document, normally hundreds of ohm scope.For safety, this value can select to be lower than minimum value, for example 100 Ω.If measured value is lower than Zh, be branched off into square frame 94 with regard to the operation that makes system.
If the impedance that measures is not less than Zh, just continue operation, the phase deviation between the sensing lead voltage and current at square frame 114.At square frame 116, whether the phase deviation φ that check measurement arrives is with deciding it in the scope of 0＜φ＜45.According to principle of the present invention, the inventor finds that value that human body presents is within this scope.Be lower than zero value representation inductive load, determine it is not human body, and the value that surpasses the upper limit of this scope also not a human body.
If phase deviation outside this scope, is branched off into square frame 94 with regard to the operation that makes system.Yet, if phase deviation is within this scope, just at square frame 118(Fig. 8 b of the first step of residual voltage trace routine) and continue operation.This program is respectively carried out once in the positive part and the negative part of system voltage sine wave.Inner parameter P is used for following the trail of suitable program variable.
At first, at square frame 118 P is set and just becoming and apply driving pulse.Then, make the closed P half cycle of switch S I at square frame 120.At square frame 122, when the end of P half cycle (Vrp), measure residual voltage.At square frame 124, its setting is to be used for disposal when load contains internal cell, makes residual voltage by situation about being offset He can not really read.In order to overcome this problem, Vrp must will have identical sign with driving pulse, has different signs between Vrp and the P if detect at square frame 124, and just at square frame 126 Vrp being set becomes zero.Otherwise, just write down this residual voltage value, make the operation of system advance to square frame 128 then, partly whether be applied to the residual voltage trace routine at positive and negative two of this execution fixed system voltage.If be not, just at square frame 130 P being set becomes negatively, repeats this program from square frame 122 then.
In case in the time of can obtaining to correspond to two values of Vrp of positive and negative part of system voltage, advance to square frame 132, make switch S I open at this place with regard to the operation that makes system.At square frame 134, be used for obtaining poor (Vr) of Vrp value, make itself and a critical value (Vrh) then relatively.According to result relatively, " yes " expression is the human body load." no " expression is not, makes the operation of system be branched off into one of them of relevant square frame 87 or 94 then.
A feature of the present invention is to have ability with PWM(pulse width modulation) pattern controls mains switch 26, and its method is to add a software program between the square frame 96 and 98 of Fig. 7, and Vin obtains low output voltage Vw by input system voltage.In addition, can provide " soft starting " function, be used for in check mode output voltage V w is applied to load gradually.This mode is very useful for lighting load (for example tungsten lamp).
As described in the aforementioned part of this specification, the design of the known technology of differential circuit breaker is not suitable for responding leakage current.It is opposite to plant design therewith, and the controller function of electrical safety socket of the present invention can have preferable measurement to leakage current.Because this leakage current was monitored with standby mode before excitation and after excitation by continuous supervision, therefore can the characteristic of critical value and socket 12 be complementary with higher susceptibility.
In addition, so can obtain to respond faster than known technology because mains switch 26 is a kind of solid-state devices.Controller 10 also can obtain to be better than the higher reliability of mechanical device.About the response speed aspect, be 200us in the elapsed time that leakage current detects and actual mains switch 26 becomes between the OFF.Because this kind response speed, when connecting the load of a reality, if there is a people to touch the connector of socket 12 even, or the hot line of stube cable, the or during shell of fault apparatus, he can not feel yet and is shocked by electricity.Therefore level of security is approximately than known differential circuit breaker design good 5 times, then fast about 1000 times of response speed.
Person skilled in the art person can see that electrical safety socket controller 10 of the present invention is suitable for being used for directly replacing existing differential circuit breaker (Siemens " Schutzs chalter "), that is the ground wire leakage circuit breaker.Its finish mode be add a series connection in the line side of mains switch 26 relay contactor (relay contatctor), be used for meeting the demand of the electrical standard of the air-gap in the release unit.In this kind device, lock signal 41a-b offers and relays contactor coil and mains switch 26 both sides.When controller 10 detected the situation of leakage current, mains switch 26 became OFF before contactor.Therefore can not sacrifice the speed of response, can guarantee to have required entity and isolate.In addition, because the electric contactor in this device is voltage-operated with line,, therefore can obtain higher reliability so need not use " mechanical amplifier " of the energy that is stored in spring as the designing institute of known technology.
Some relevant specific embodiment of the present invention has been done detailed explanation above, be convenient to Jie the present invention, this explanation also is not intended to be used for limiting the present invention, further revise because person skilled in the art person can do some, this kind modification should be regarded as within the appending claims scope.
Claims (46)
1, a kind of control device of programmable electrical safety socket includes: the load jockey, and it is used for connecting loads to socket;
Measurement mechanism, it is connected to this load jockey, and is used for measuring one group of electrical characteristics relevant with this load with standby pattern;
Converting means is used for these group electrical characteristics are transformed into one group of data value;
Processor apparatus, it is used for this group data value of receiving and inspection, and is responded, in order to produce the switching signal corresponding to an incentive mode; And power switch device, be used for responding this switching signal and use power supply is applied to this load jockey, allow this load of this incentive mode use; This processor apparatus is programmed to and is used for producing the transition between this standby mode and this incentive mode that this switching signal is used this power switch device of control, in order to respond this group data value and to indicate whether not have the inconsistent situation of electrical characteristics of electrical characteristics and actual electrical load to exist.
2,, it is characterized in that this load jockey includes to be at least a pair of Electric socket connector as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1.
3,, it is characterized in that this measurement mechanism includes one group of analogue amplifier and is used to provide these electrical characteristics and gives an A/D converter to produce this group data value as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1.
4, control device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus includes a microprocessor, be programmed to " OFF " state and " ON " state of corresponding to this power switch device in this switching signal of this standby mode and incentive mode with deciding.
5,, it is characterized in that this power switch device includes a pair of TMOS transistor as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1.
6,, it is characterized in that this power switch device includes the contactor that relays that a solid-state device and is connected in series as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1.
7, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this group data value includes a residual voltage, after one of them of a series of driving pulse is applied on it, just appear at this connected load, with before applying the another one driving pulse, need earlier through during the appointment.
8, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 7, it is characterized in that this residual voltage and the critical value that is stored in the memory unit of this processing unit compare mutually, wherein this critical value that is stored is relevant for the value as the programming in advance of the impedance measurement of the human body of load.
9, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus, when with this standby mode operation, be used for checking the existence of the situation of the leakage current of qualification in advance of this group data value, carry out the transition to this incentive mode from this standby mode in order to stop this power switch device.
10, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus, when with this standby mode operation, be used for checking the existence of the overload situation of qualification in advance of this group data value, carry out the transition to this incentive mode in order to stop this power switch device from this standby mode.
11, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus, when with this incentive mode operation, be used for checking the existence of the situation of the leakage current of qualification in advance of this group data value, in order to remove excitation to this power switch device.
12, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus, when with this incentive mode operation, be used for checking the short circuit of this group data value or the existence of the one at least in the overload situation, in order to remove excitation to this power switch device.
13, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this group data value comprise the hot data relevant with the operation with this incentive mode of this power switch device and wherein this processor apparatus by programming or be used for monitoring that this hot data uses the safety operation of this switching signal of decision.
14, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus, when with the operation of this incentive mode, be used for checking the existence of the unexpected fluctuation voltage situation of this group data value, in order to the excitation of releasing to this power switch device.
15, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this processor apparatus, when with this incentive mode operation, be used for checking zero the handing over more of the electric current that is supplied to this load of this group data value, in needs, produce this switching signal, in order to removing excitation, in order to avoid the generation of the spark relevant with inductive load to this power switch device.
16, as the described control device of above-mentioned claim 1, it is characterized in that this switching signal is changed according to pulse width modulating technology by this processor apparatus, when when this standby mode carries out the transition to this incentive mode, be used for power supply gradually be applied to this load that is connected.
17, a kind of control device of programmable electrical safety socket forms and uses with an electrical socket, and it includes:
Measurement mechanism is connected to this electrical socket, is used for measuring one group of electrical characteristics relevant with the load that is connected to this socket with standby pattern;
Converting means is used for these group electrical characteristics are transformed into one group of data value;
Processor apparatus is used for this group data value of receiving and inspection and being responded, and corresponds to the switching signal of an incentive mode in order to generation; And power switch device, be used for responding this switching signal and use power supply is applied to this electrical socket, allow this load of this incentive mode use;
This processor apparatus is programmed to and is used for producing the transition between this standby mode and this incentive mode that this switching signal is used this power switch device of control, indicates whether not have electrical characteristics and the inconsistent situation of actual electrical load person to exist according to this group data value.
18, a kind of method that applies power supply to load, this load is connected to an electrical safety socket, and the step that this method comprised has:
Measure one group of electrical characteristics relevant with standby pattern with this load;
Should organize electrical characteristics and be transformed into one group of data value;
Receiving and inspection should be organized data value and be responded, and was used for producing the switching signal corresponding to an incentive mode; With
Apply the load of power supply, in order to respond this switching signal to this incentive mode;
Whether this switching signal wherein indicates when not having the inconsistent situation of the electrical characteristics of electrical characteristics and actual electrical load to exist in this group data value of response, facilitates the transition between this standby mode and this incentive mode.
19, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 18, it is characterized in that this group data value includes a residual voltage, after one of them of a series of driving pulse is applied on it, just appear at this load, with before applying the another one driving pulse, need earlier through during the appointment; Wherein this residual voltage and critical value relatively, this critical value is relevant for the designated value of human body as the impedance measurement of load.
20, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 18, it is characterized in that further including a step and be this switching signal of decision and use response and supply to the result of the relevant controlled function of time of programming of this electrical safety socket with communication, its mode is to communicate by letter with computer host system via power line.
21, a kind of electrical socket device includes:
A socket;
Jockey is used for making first load electrical to be connected to this socket;
Bringing device, its operation are used for the responding to switch signal, but in order to the mode with switch power supply are applied to this jockey, make it arrive this first load then; Measurement mechanism, be connected to this jockey, be used for measuring relevant with this first load electrical characteristics that are at least, this bringing device can not be applied to this jockey with this power supply that can the sensation amount simultaneously, responded, be used for forming a plurality of data value that measure;
Control device, be used for responding the data value that this measures, in order to produce this switching signal and to determine this data value that measures whether to indicate this first load the electric loading that is a reality, responded, being used for making this switching signal to become from first state is second state, when this characteristic of this data value that measures and actual electrical load corresponding when limit value is consistent in advance, but this bringing device just with the mode of switch can the sensation amount power supply be applied to this jockey, with so that it arrives this first load.
22,, it is characterized in that this jockey includes to be at least a pair of Electric socket connector as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21.
23, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, it is characterized in that this characteristic that measures includes a residual voltage, be applied on it and after the time through an appointment, just appear at this first load in one of them of a series of driving pulse.
24, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 23, it is characterized in that this residual voltage and the critical value that is stored in the memory unit of this control device compare mutually, wherein this critical value that is stored is relevant for the value as the programming in advance of the impedance measurement of the human body of first load.
25, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, it is characterized in that this control device checks whether this data value that measures has in advance the leakage current situation that limits exist, be used for stoping this second state that becomes of this switching signal, but facilitate this power supply bringing device not can with the mode of switch can the sensation amount power supply be applied to this jockey.
26, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, it is characterized in that the existence of the overload situation that limits in advance of the data value that this control device checks that this measures, be used for stoping becoming of this switching signal to be this second state, but facilitate this power supply bringing device not can with the mode of switch can the sensation amount power supply be applied to this jockey.
27, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, it is characterized in that the existence of the leakage current situation that limits in advance of the data value that this control device checks that this measures, be used for making this switching signal to become and be this first state, in order to remove excitation this power supply bringing device from this second state.
28, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, it is characterized in that this control device checks the existence of the one at least of the short circuit of the data value that this measures or overload situation, be used for making this switching signal to become and be this first state, in order to remove excitation this power supply bringing device from this second state.
29, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, it is characterized in that the existence of the unexpected fluctuation voltage situation of the data value that this control device checks that this measures, be used for making this switching signal to become first state, in order to remove excitation to this power supply bringing device from this second state.
30, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 21, zero friendship that it is characterized in that the electric current that supplies to this first load of the data value that this control device checks that this measures is got over, this switching signal is become from this second state be this first state, in order to remove excitation, be used for avoiding the generation of the spark relevant with inductive load to this power supply bringing device.
31, a kind of power supply to jockey that applies makes it arrive the method for first load, employed electric safety socket has a socket, be used for first load is connected to this socket with electrical connection arrangement, and but its operation of bringing device is used for the mode that the responding to switch signal uses with switch power supply is applied to this jockey, make it arrive this first load then, the step that this method comprised has:
Measurement is at least one the electrical characteristics relevant with this first load, makes this bringing device this power supply that can the sensation amount can be applied to this jockey simultaneously;
Form a plurality of data value that measure and be used for responding this measuring process; Determine this first load whether to be actual electric loading, to be used for responding the data value that this measures; With
Make this switching signal become second state from first state, be used for responding this deciding step, when this characteristic of this data value that measures and actual electrical load corresponding when limit value is consistent in advance, but just via this bringing device with the mode of switch apply can the sensation amount power supply to this jockey, with so that it arrives this first load.
32, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that this measurement characteristics includes a residual voltage, be applied on it and after the time through an appointment, just appear at this first load in one of them of a series of driving pulse.
33, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 32, it is characterized in that further including a comparison step, be used for making the data value that measures of this residual voltage and a critical value relatively, this critical value is relevant with the programming value in advance as the impedance measurement of the human body of first load.
34, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that further including the existence of the leakage current situation that limits in advance of the data value of checking that step is used for checking that this measures, be used for stoping this switching signal to transform to second state, but facilitate this power supply bringing device not can with the mode of switch with this can the sensation amount power supply be applied to this jockey.
35, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that further including the existence of the overload situation that limits in advance of the data value of checking that step is used for checking that this measures, be used for stoping this switching signal to become being this second state, but with so that this power supply bringing device not can with the mode of switch with this can the sensation amount power supply be applied to this jockey.
36, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that further including the existence of the leakage current situation that limits in advance of the data value of checking that step is used for checking that this measures, be used for making this switching device to become and be this first state, in order to remove excitation this power supply bringing device with second state.
37, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that further including the existence of the one at least of the short circuit of the data value of checking that step is used for checking that this measures or overload situation, be used for making this switching signal to become and be this first state, in order to remove excitation this voltage bringing device from this second state.
38, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that further including the existence of the unexpected fluctuation voltage situation of the data value of checking that step is used for checking that this measures, be used for making this switching signal to become and be this first state, in order to remove excitation this voltage bringing device from this second state.
39,, it is characterized in that the step that further comprises has as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31:
Check zero the handing over more of the electric current that supplies to this first load of the data value that this measures; With
Response should be got in zero friendship, makes this switching signal become this first state from this second state, in order to remove the excitation of this bringing device, in order to avoid producing the spark relevant with inductive load.
40, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 31, it is characterized in that further including a step and be and produce this switching signal and use response and supply to the result of the relevant controlled function of time of programming of this electrical safety socket with communication, its mode is to communicate by letter with computer host system via power line.
41, a kind of checkout gear, be used for detecting with at least two be electrically connected whether the object that contacts with each other is living person's human body, this device includes:
Bringing device is used for that a driving pulse that limits in advance is applied to leap and is electrically connected at these;
Measurement mechanism, after through the enough time that limits in advance, measure the residual voltage of these electrical connections now, be used for making the substantial portion of any desirable storage power to be lowered into and be approximately zero, this storage power produces and is comprised in the electric loading from this driving pulse with when this load is an object;
Whether determination device is the size that non-zero and its size are approximately equal to the voltage that the electrolysis of living person's tissue produces with deciding this residual voltage that measures; With
Whether indicating device is used for responding this determination device, in order to produce an indication, be human body to indicate this object.
42, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 41, it is characterized in that further including:
Bringing device is used for applying continuously the leap that has first and second polarity respectively first and second driving pulses in this electrical connection;
Measurement mechanism after each pulse, after the time through enough limited amounts in advance, is used for measuring first and second residual voltages of leap on this contact, is used for obtaining the first and second residual voltage measured values;
Determination device is with deciding poor between this first and second residual voltages measured value; With
Determination device is with deciding this difference whether to surpass the critical value that limits in advance.
43, as the described device of above-mentioned claim 42, it is characterized in that further including setting device,, just be used for this first or second residual voltage measured to set becoming zero if the polarity of the polarity that this measurement had and relevant driving pulse is not simultaneously.
44, whether be the method for living person human body to a kind of usefulness if deciding with at least two objects that contact, and the step that is comprised has:
Applying a driving pulse that limits in advance crosses in these electrical connections it; After time through enough limited amounts in advance, measure the residual voltage of these contacts now, the substantial portion of any desirable storage power is formed by this driving pulse, with just be comprised in this electric loading when this object when this load, be used for producing a discharge voltage and cross over, be approximately zero in order to reduce in this connection.
Determine whether this residual voltage that measures is the size that non-zero and its size approximate the voltage that electrolysis produced of living person's tissue greatly; With
Respond this deciding step, whether producing an indication, to be used to refer to this object be human body.
45,, it is characterized in that the step that further comprises has as the described method of above-mentioned claim 44:
Apply the leap that has first and second polarity respectively first and second driving pulses continuously in this electrical connection;
After each pulse, after time through enough limited amounts in advance, be used for measuring first and second residual voltages of leap on this contact, if being decreased to the store electrical energy that combines with load during for object, load is approximately zero, at this moment each pulse has been applied as leap and has connected at these, is used for obtaining the first and second residual voltage measured values;
Determine this first and second residual voltages measured value; With
Determine whether this difference surpasses a critical value that limits in advance.
46, as the described method of above-mentioned claim 45, it is characterized in that further including the setting step, if the polarity of the polarity that this measurement had and relevant driving pulse is not simultaneously, just this first or second residual voltage measured value being set becomes zero.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107387 CN1059425A (en) | 1990-08-28 | 1990-08-28 | The controller of programmable safety electrical socket |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107387 CN1059425A (en) | 1990-08-28 | 1990-08-28 | The controller of programmable safety electrical socket |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1059425A true CN1059425A (en) | 1992-03-11 |
Family
ID=4880516
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90107387 Pending CN1059425A (en) | 1990-08-28 | 1990-08-28 | The controller of programmable safety electrical socket |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1059425A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101194403B (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2010-06-16 | 西门子公司 | Method for avoiding undesired, measurement error-induced protective tripping within a protection system of HVDC transmission system |
| CN102097718A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-06-15 | 福州大学 | Human body safety socket |
| CN103022823A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-03 | 福建闽冠伟业智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent safety socket |
| CN105580230A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-05-11 | D·阿维坦 | Electric safety circuit for use with an electric receptacle |
| CN107615611A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-01-19 | 依顿科技有限公司 | Power supply control |
| CN109906558A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-06-18 | 维德鸿兴科技发展有限公司 | Biopsy method and equipment |
-
1990
- 1990-08-28 CN CN 90107387 patent/CN1059425A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101194403B (en) * | 2005-06-02 | 2010-06-16 | 西门子公司 | Method for avoiding undesired, measurement error-induced protective tripping within a protection system of HVDC transmission system |
| CN102097718A (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2011-06-15 | 福州大学 | Human body safety socket |
| CN102097718B (en) * | 2011-03-08 | 2013-03-20 | 福州大学 | Human body safety socket |
| CN103022823A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2013-04-03 | 福建闽冠伟业智能科技有限公司 | Intelligent safety socket |
| CN105580230A (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-05-11 | D·阿维坦 | Electric safety circuit for use with an electric receptacle |
| CN105580230B (en) * | 2013-06-06 | 2018-09-14 | D·阿维坦 | The electric safety circuit used for electrical outlet |
| CN107615611A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2018-01-19 | 依顿科技有限公司 | Power supply control |
| CN109906558A (en) * | 2016-11-03 | 2019-06-18 | 维德鸿兴科技发展有限公司 | Biopsy method and equipment |
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