CN105942520B - 一种含有花青素的复合物的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/35—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/352—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin having six-membered rings with one oxygen as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. methantheline
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含有花青素的复合物的制备方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：1)提供第一缓冲溶液、第二缓冲溶液、含有花青素的溶液、含有金属离子的溶液、含有类黄酮的溶液；2)将第一缓冲溶液与含有花青素的溶液及含有金属离子的溶液混合，得到花青素‑金属离子混合溶液；3)将步骤2)得到的花青素‑金属离子混合溶液与第二缓冲溶液及含有类黄酮的溶液混合得到所述的含有花青素的复合物。按照本发明所提供的制备方法制得的含有花青素的复合物可以提高花青素的抗氧化性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品、药品制备领域，具体涉及一种含有花青素的复合物的制备方法。
背景技术
花青素因其在食品工业中广泛的应用前景而备受关注，它是具有着色性的天然物质，成为代替人工着色剂的首选，还具有抗氧化性及抗癌变等生物活性，可作为功能食品开发应用。
花青素因其酚羟基和共轭芳香结构可以失去氢原子或转移电子给自由基，因此具
有良好的自由基清除能力；同时，花青素的邻苯二酚和没食子酸结构通过螯合Fe2+、Cu1+或
Cu2+等金属离子使其自氧化，减少由金属离子引发的氧自由基的形成，达到抗氧化的目的。
大量研究表明花青素具有良好的抗氧化活性。Li等采用DPPH法、ORAC法及FRAP法研究了几
种蔬菜中植物提取物的抗氧化能力，并发现植物提取物的DPPH自由基清除能力及Fe3+还原
能力与总花青素含量正相关。(Li H.,Deng Z.,Zhu H.,et al.Highly pigmented
vegetables:Anthocyanin compositions and their role in antioxidant activities
[J].Food Research International,2012,46(1):250-259.)
共色现象是由花青素与其他小分子有机物发生分子间作用引起的，通过范德华力与小分子物质的极性核相作用，可以使花青素的理化性质发生一定改变，如稳定性、呈色性等。(Brouillard R.The in vivo expression of anthocyanin color in plants[J].Phytochemistry,1983,22:1311-1323；Moon J.H.,Pan C.,Yoon W.B.Dryingcharacteristics and thermal degradation kinetics of hardness,anthocyanincontent and colour in purple and red fleshed potato(Solanum tuberosum L.)during hot air drying[J].International Journal of Food Science&Technology,2015,50(5):1255-1267.)
本发明利用共色效应，构建了一种共色体的含有花青素的复合物，具有良好的抗氧化性。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明提供了一种新的含有花青素的复合物的制备方法，要解决的技术问题是提高花青素的抗氧化性。
为解决上述问题，本发明采取的技术方案是：一种含有花青素的复合物的制备方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
1)提供第一缓冲溶液、第二缓冲溶液、含有花青素的溶液、含有金属离子的溶液、含有类黄酮的溶液；
2)将第一缓冲溶液与含有花青素的溶液及含有金属离子的溶液混合，得到花青素-金属离子混合溶液；
3)将步骤2)得到的花青素-金属离子混合溶液与第二缓冲溶液及含有类黄酮的溶液混合得到所述的含有花青素的复合物。
优选地，所述第一缓冲溶液的pH值为6.5～7.5。
优选地，所述第一缓冲溶液为磷酸缓冲溶液。
优选地，所述金属离子为Mg2+、Zn2+及Cu2+中的一种或多种的混合。
优选地，在所述步骤2)所得到的花青素-金属离子混合溶液中，花青素浓度为4-5mmol/L，所有金属离子的总的浓度为2-3mmol/L。
优选地，所述第二缓冲溶液的pH值为4.5～5.5。
优选地，所述第二缓冲溶液为醋酸缓冲溶液。
优选地，所述的含有类黄酮的溶液为芦丁溶液。
优选地，在所述步骤3)所得到的含有花青素的复合物中，花青素的浓度为0.4-0.5mmol/L，类黄酮的浓度为0.4-0.5mmol/L，金属离子浓度为0.2-0.3mmol/L。
本发明还提供了本发明所提供的制备方法所制得的含有花青素的复合物。
本发明的有益效果为：(1)本发明利用共色效应，构建了花青素-类黄酮-金属离子复合物，改善了花青素的性质。(2)本发明目的是提供一种花青素共色体复合物的构建方法，经该方法构建的共色体复合物具有良好的抗氧化功效。(3)经本发明方法构建的花青素共色体复合物，增强了原有花青素的呈色性。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例1-2和对比例1-5的抗氧化活性对比试验结果示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1 制备含有花青素的复合物
用0.2mol/L磷酸缓溶液(pH＝7)分别混合20mmol/L花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液、20mmol/L醋酸镁溶液，使花青素浓度为5mmol/L，醋酸镁浓度为2mmol/L。在0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中，混合上述花青素-Mg2+及芦丁溶液，使花青素和芦丁的浓度为0.5mmol/L，Mg2+浓度为0.2mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例2 制备含有花青素的复合物
用0.2mol/L磷酸缓溶液(pH＝7)分别混合20mmol/L花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液、20mmol/L七水合硫酸锌溶液，使花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)浓度为5mmol/L，七水合硫酸锌浓度为2mmol/L。在0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中，混合上述花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷-Zn2+(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside-Zn2+)及芦丁溶液，使-Zn2+和芦丁的浓度为0.5mmol/L，Zn2+浓度为0.2mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例3 制备对比例1
用0.2mol/L磷酸缓溶液(pH＝7)稀释20mmol/L花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液，使花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)浓度为5mmol/L，再用0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中稀释花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液，使其浓度为0.5mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例4 制备对比例2
用0.2mol/L磷酸缓溶液(pH＝7)稀释20mmol/L花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液，使其浓度为5mmol/L，再用0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中稀释花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液，并加入与其等摩尔浓度的芦丁溶液，使花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)及芦丁的浓度为0.5mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例5 制备对比例3
用0.2mol/L磷酸缓溶液(pH＝7)分别混合20mmol/L花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)溶液、20mmol/L氯化钙溶液，使花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)浓度为5mmol/L，氯化钙浓度为2mmol/L。在0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中，混合上述花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷-Ca2+(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside-Ca2+)及芦丁溶液，使花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷(Cyanidin-3-diglucoside-5-glucoside)和芦丁的浓度为0.5mmol/L，Ca2+浓度为0.2mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例6 制备对比例4
在0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中，混合芦丁溶液及醋酸镁溶液，使芦丁的浓度为0.5mmol/L，Mg2+浓度为0.2mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例7 制备对比例5
在0.2mol/L醋酸缓冲体系(pH＝5)中，混合芦丁溶液及七水合硫酸锌溶液，使芦丁的浓度为0.5mmol/L，Zn2+浓度为0.2mmol/L，样品静置30min。
实施例8 对比试验
氧自由基清除能力测定(ORAC,Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity)：使用96孔酶标板(黑底)。测量孔中依次加入25μL不同浓度的trolox(TE)标准溶液或样品溶液及150μL 4×10–6mmol/L荧光素钠溶液，最外周加入300μL去离子水。将酶标板放入酶标仪中，37℃下孵育30min后，加入25μL 153mmol/L的AAPH开始荧光淬灭反应。其中空白组以25μL缓冲液代替。每个样品测定3次。测量的激发波长485nm，发射波长528nm；测量循环次数为120，循环周期为1min。以trolox浓度为横坐标，Net AUC值为纵坐标，绘制标准曲线，得到标准曲线方程。
化合物相互作用指数的计算：通过计算两种化合物的抗氧能力值共同同作用和单独作用时所用的化合物浓度的比值加合来判断化合物的相互作用关系，相互作用指数(Interaction Index)＜1表示拮抗效应，相互作用指数(Interaction Index)＝1表示加合效应，相互作用指数(Interaction Index)＞1表示协同效应。计算公式为：
实施例1-2和对比例1-5的抗氧化活性如图1所示。由图1可知实施例1花青素共色体的ORAC值最高，为90.32±5.42mmol TE/L，即抗氧化活性最好，其次为实施例2，为63.71±3.82mmol TE/L，对比例1的抗氧化值最小，仅为3.52±0.23mmol TE/L。由此可见，由本专利发明的花青素共色体复合物可以明显提高花青素的抗氧化活性。
由对比例1及对比例4的ORAC值，可计算出两者的相互作用指数，并且在氧自由基清除能力方面为协同作用，致使实施例1的氧自由基清除能力比对比例1及对比例4分别高出25.65倍及8.10倍。
对比例2与实施例1和实施2的ORAC结果如下表1所示。
表1
注：用T-test检测样品的相互作用指数的均值与H0＝1(p＜0.05)的偏差，括号中的数值为p值。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。
Claims (2)
1.一种含有花青素的复合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
1）提供第一缓冲溶液、第二缓冲溶液、含有花青素的溶液、含有金属离子的溶液、含有类黄酮的溶液；所述第一缓冲溶液为磷酸缓冲溶液，pH值为6.5~7.5；所述第二缓冲溶液为醋酸缓冲溶液，pH值为4.5~5.5；所述金属离子为Mg2+或Zn2+；
2）将第一缓冲溶液与含有花青素的溶液及含有金属离子的溶液混合，得到花青素-金属离子混合溶液；在所述花青素-金属离子混合溶液中，花青素浓度为4-5 mmol/L，所有金属离子的总的浓度为2-3 mmol/L；
3）将步骤2）得到的花青素-金属离子混合溶液与第二缓冲溶液及含有类黄酮的溶液混合得到所述的含有花青素的复合物；在所述含有花青素的复合物中，花青素的浓度为0.4-0.5 mmol/L，类黄酮的浓度为0.4-0.5 mmol/L，金属离子浓度为0.2-0.3 mmol/L；
其中，含有花青素的溶液为花青素-3-二葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷溶液；所述的含有类黄酮的溶液为芦丁溶液。
2.按照如权利要求1所述的制备方法所制得的含有花青素的复合物。
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