CN105939565A - Permanent magnet Zeeman reducer - Google Patents
Permanent magnet Zeeman reducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN105939565A CN105939565A CN201610518756.4A CN201610518756A CN105939565A CN 105939565 A CN105939565 A CN 105939565A CN 201610518756 A CN201610518756 A CN 201610518756A CN 105939565 A CN105939565 A CN 105939565A
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- Prior art keywords
- permanent magnet
- zeeman
- inner frame
- decelerator
- bearing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H3/00—Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams
- H05H3/04—Acceleration by electromagnetic wave pressure
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a permanent magnet Zeeman reducer. The permanent magnet Zeeman reducer is characterized in that the Zeeman reducer includes a central cylinder for allowing an atomic beam to pass, an outer support for supporting and fixing the central cylinder, and a plurality of inner frames movably disposed on the central cylinder and distributed axially at intervals. The inner frame is characterized in that four support rods cross to form an ''X'' shape, and each support rod is provided with a permanent magnet that can be moved. The outer support includes support seats at two ends of the central cylinder and at least two slide rods connecting the two support seats. The two slide rods horizontally penetrate any two angles of the inner frame. The permanent magnet Zeeman reducer has the advantages that compared with traditional Zeeman reducers, the Zeeman reducer has a small volume and a light weight, has no extra magnetic shielding device, and is convenient to install; and each pair of magnets can be adjusted in an axial direction and a radial direction, so that when an experiment condition is changed, two-dimensional adjustment can be carried out on the position of the permanent magnet, so as to maximize deceleration efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical instruments technical field, be specifically related to a kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator.
Background technology
Zeeman decelerator is a kind of efficient atomic beam deceleration device, and the requirement for magnetic field is higher.
At present closest to the Zeeman decelerator that assembly of the invention is the longitudinal magnetic field distribution that United Kingdom National physics laboratory (NPL) designs.This decelerator is made up of four row permanent magnets, and the arrangement rule of each column magnet is as follows: each column magnet is divided into again the two parts producing forward magnetic field with producing opposing magnetic field, keeps certain spacing between these two parts.Wherein, the magnet pitch of every part is identical, and the distance that magnet is away from atomic beam can regulate, in order to produce specific magnetic field.The a length of 24cm of whole decelerator, the width of device lateral is 24cm.
The volume of this decelerator is essentially identical compared with current traditional Zeeman decelerator, and magnet therein is the most adjustable in one-dimensional direction, needs one layer of extra soft iron to produce the magnetic field impact on the atomic group after slowing down for shielding decelerator at device end.
Summary of the invention
In place of it is an object of the invention to according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator, this Zeeman decelerator is by arranging slide bar and bar shape trench hole, thus it is adjustable at the bidimensional axially and radially gone up to realize permanent magnet.
The object of the invention realizes being completed by techniques below scheme:
A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator, it is characterized in that described Zeeman decelerator includes a center drum passed through for atomic beam, the support arm supporting fixing described center drum and the some inner frames being movably set on described center drum and being distributed along its axially spaced-apart, described inner frame is by four poles intersection " X-type " structures, the adjustable permanent magnet in position it is respectively arranged with on each described pole, described support arm includes the bearing being positioned at described center drum two ends and connects at least two slide bars of bearing described in two, wherein, two described slide bar levels respectively run through any two corner of described inner frame.
Described support arm includes that four connect the slide bar of bearing described in two, and each described slide bar level respectively runs through four corners of described inner frame.
Described bearing center has the hole fixing for described center drum end, and four corners of described bearing are respectively provided with the hole fixing for described slide bar end.
Described bearing is by four poles intersection " X-type " structures.
Described inner frame center has the through hole run through for described center drum, and four corners of described inner frame are respectively provided with the through hole run through for described slide bar.
Having the bar shape trench hole radially laid along described center drum on the described pole of described inner frame, described permanent magnet is fixed on described bar shape trench hole through bolt.
Described permanent magnet is cylindrical permanent magnet.
It is an advantage of the invention that, compared to tradition Zeeman decelerator, compact and lightweight, without extra magnetic shielding device, easy for installation, every pair of magnet is adjustable in axially and radially position, the position of permanent magnet can be carried out bidimensional regulation when experiment condition changes, it is achieved the maximization of retardation efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the permanent magnet Zeeman reducer structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the seat structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the center drum structural representation in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the bearing wall and frame structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the Slide bar structure schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that four row magnets of specific configuration in the embodiment of the present invention are at the internal required distribution schematic diagram producing magnetic field of decelerator；
Fig. 7 is the preferable Distribution of Magnetic Field schematic diagram of center Magnetic Field Design after magnet is arranged in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Inventive feature and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, in order to the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Such as Fig. 1-7, in figure, labelling 1-15 is respectively as follows: bearing 1, slide bar 2, inner frame 3, center drum 4, screw 5, permanent magnet 6, hole 7, bar shape trench hole 8, hole 9, pole 10, through hole 11, bar shape trench hole 12, pole 13, through hole 14, external screw thread 15.
Embodiment: as Figure 1-5, the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator, this Zeeman decelerator can be used for strontium, the equiatomic deceleration of ytterbium, the center drum 4 mainly passed through for atomic beam by one, the support arm supporting fixed center cylinder 4 and be movably set on center drum 4 and some inner frames 3 of being distributed along its axially spaced-apart are formed, wherein:
Center drum 4 is for passing through for atomic beam, and it is specially a hollow structure being equipped with vacuum pipe, and its both ends are fixed in the center hole 9 of bearing 1；
Support arm is used for supporting fixed center cylinder 4 and providing sliding rail to inner frame 3, by two bearings 1 and connect both four slide bars 2 and form；Bearing 1 constructs in " X " type, specifically it is made up of four magnetism-free stainless steel poles 10 arranged in a crossed manner, four corners (outer end of the most each pole 10) of bearing 1 offer respectively and for slide bar 2, fixing hole 7 is installed, connect and compose the support arm in integrative-structure, the i.e. end of slide bar 2 by four slide bars 2 between four corner holes 7 corresponding on two bearings 1 and constitute bolt connection through nut with its external screw thread 15 after perforated holes 7；Center position (i.e. the cross point of four poles 10) at bearing 1 offers installs fixing hole 9 for center drum 4, and the both ends of center drum 4 are fixedly installed in the center hole 9 of bearing 1 respectively；
Inner frame 3 makees the bidimensional regulation axially and radially gone up for fixed permanent magnet 6；Inner frame 3 is intersected on central through hole 14 position thus " X-type " structure by four alloy aluminum poles 13, and each inner frame 3 is set on center drum 4 and axially spaced arranged evenly successively by central through hole 14；Through hole 11 is all offered on four corners of inner frame 3, slide bar 2 sequentially passes through the corner through hole 11 of inner frame 3 to use as its slide rail while connecting two bearings 1, each inner frame 3 can axially carry out position adjustments along center drum 4 under the spacing guiding of slide bar 2, and can be locked on slide bar 2 by inner frame 3 by screw-in nut screw 5 in；In addition, each pole 13 of inner frame 3 offers bar shape trench hole 12, bar shape trench hole 12 is arranged along the length direction of pole 13, namely radially, so that the cylindrical permanent magnet 6 being fixed thereon can axially carry out position adjustments along center drum 4, the screw of pmma material is fixed therein heart position especially by binding agent by permanent magnet 6, uses the nut of dimension to be fixed in bar shape trench hole 12 afterwards, when needing the position of radiai adjustment permanent magnet 6, only need loosening nut.
As Figure 1-5, in the present embodiment, the installation method of Zeeman decelerator comprises the steps:
(1) needing the magnetic field produced to carry out Theoretical Calculation decelerator, this Distribution of Magnetic Field is relevant to for the temperature to the light intensity of laser of decelerating atoms, mismatching angle and the atomic pile producing atomic beam etc.；
(2) using the cylindrical permanent magnet of particular arrangement to produce required Distribution of Magnetic Field, this Distribution of Magnetic Field can meet atom and keep resonance with laser in decelerator；Distance for each permanent magnet to central atom bundle is Ri, and permanent magnet is Di apart from the distance of previous permanent magnet, and this distance may be defined as Di=ρ * Ri, and in formula, ρ is the ripple eliminating and producing magnetic field profile, is obtained by numerical simulation calculation；
Therefore, in cartesian coordinate system, with atomic beam as z-axis, the position of the most all permanent magnets can directly be described by mathematical formulae；Whole decelerator is made up of four row permanent magnets, and is symmetrically arranged amongst around z-axis, increase the magnetic field uniformity on cross section；When laying the position of magnet, different from the decelerator of NPL in background technology, permanent magnet is arranged initial end from decelerator end end, so permanent magnet at decelerator end can suitably regulate with the distance of atomic beam, and the distribution of decelerator internal magnetic field will not be produced excessive impact, atom still can realize slowing down smoothly；After primarily determining that the position of permanent magnet, atomic beam of adjusting the distance is crossed the size of permanent magnet closely or too far and is adjusted, and final all of magnet is distributed in the distance moderate away from atomic beam；
(3) determine in decelerator after the position of each permanent magnet 6, set up support arm and center drum 4 and each inner frame 3 are mounted thereon, the permanent magnet 6 distance apart from atomic beam is regulated in bar shape trench hole 12, and under the spacing guiding of slide bar 2 position of radially adjusted inner frame 3, so that each permanent magnet 6 reaches design attitude, and by regulating the position of last permanent magnet 6, magnetic field after decelerator decays to rapidly zero, can eliminate the remnant field in testing main chamber without bucking coil or extra magnetic shield.
Zeeman decelerator in the present embodiment can be used for strontium, the equiatomic deceleration of ytterbium, explanation as a example by ytterbium atom light clock, the permanent magnet used is Fe-Nd-B material, and model is N50, and four row permanent magnets of specific configuration are in the internal required generation Distribution of Magnetic Field of decelerator as shown in Figure 6；Center is the passage of atomic beam, after arranging at permanent magnet, the preferable Distribution of Magnetic Field of the Magnetic Field Design of center is as shown in Figure 7, the deviation in end magnetic field be simulate decelerating atoms after adjust caused by the position of last permanent magnet, otherwise atom its speed before decelerating to desired zone will reduce to zero, is unable to reach Expected Results on the contrary.
Having the beneficial effects that of the present embodiment:
(1) volume and the reduction of weight: compared with similar permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator, the volume of the decelerator in the present embodiment is the least, length is about 15cm, width is about 10cm, simultaneously because the permanent magnet negligible amounts used, and without extra magnetic shielding device, the weight of single unit system alleviates the most significantly.This has very great significance for the light clock tool of following spaceborne clock and miniaturization；
(2) reducer arrangement install simplification and adjustability: compare to relevant reducer arrangement, in the present embodiment, the installation of decelerator is the easiest, and the every pair of magnet can bidimensional adjustable, the position of permanent magnet can be adjusted when experiment condition changes, it is achieved the maximization of retardation efficiency；
(3) the retardation efficiency estimation of decelerator: the parameter for the performance of one Zeeman decelerator of final assessment is retardation efficiency, i.e. can successfully be decelerated to goal pace and the atomic number that is captured accounts for the ratio of total atom number；The determiner of actual retardation efficiency is a lot, and wherein, the Distribution of Magnetic Field that designed decelerator produces, the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION etc. of the light intensity of deceleration laser and the distribution on cross section, atomic beam Atom is more important factor；The laser that Zeeman deceleration light is 399 nm wavelength used in cold ytterbium atom light clock, saturated light intensity is 60mW/cm2；When estimation, defined parameters s is the ratio of light intensity and saturated light intensity, uses s to be 3.8 to the maximum, and the laser of use is the Gaussian beam into 3mm of girdling the waist, the atomic beam that pair radius is 3mm, initial most probable speed is 310m/s slows down, and it is 15.5% that theoretical calculation obtains retardation efficiency；This parameter belongs to normal range compared with similar decelerator, and can effectively promote retardation efficiency after the waist speckle strengthening Gaussian beam.
Claims (7)
1. a permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator, it is characterized in that described Zeeman decelerator includes a center drum passed through for atomic beam, the support arm supporting fixing described center drum and the some inner frames being movably set on described center drum and being distributed along its axially spaced-apart, described inner frame is by four poles intersection " X-type " structures, the adjustable permanent magnet in position it is respectively arranged with on each described pole, described support arm includes the bearing being positioned at described center drum two ends and connects at least two slide bars of bearing described in two, wherein, two described slide bar levels respectively run through any two corner of described inner frame.
A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described support arm includes that four connect the slide bar of bearing described in two, and each described slide bar level respectively runs through four corners of described inner frame.
A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described bearing center has the hole fixing for described center drum end, and four corners of described bearing are respectively provided with the hole fixing for described slide bar end.
A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described bearing is by four poles intersection " X-type " structures.
A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described inner frame center has the through hole run through for described center drum, and four corners of described inner frame are respectively provided with the through hole run through for described slide bar.
A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that having the bar shape trench hole radially laid along described center drum on the described pole of described inner frame, described permanent magnet is fixed on described bar shape trench hole through bolt.
7. according to a kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that described permanent magnet is cylindrical permanent magnet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610518756.4A CN105939565A (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2016-07-05 | Permanent magnet Zeeman reducer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610518756.4A CN105939565A (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2016-07-05 | Permanent magnet Zeeman reducer |
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| CN105939565A true CN105939565A (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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| CN201610518756.4A Pending CN105939565A (en) | 2016-07-05 | 2016-07-05 | Permanent magnet Zeeman reducer |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2752462C1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-07-28 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Федеральное агентство по техническому регулированию и метрологии (Росстандарт) | Atomic beam zeeman moderator |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101473705A (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2009-07-01 | 索尼德国有限责任公司 | Zeeman-slower, coil for a Zeeman-slower device and method for cooling an atom beam |
| US8674289B2 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-03-18 | Uchicago Argonne Llc | Isotopic abundance in atom trap trace analysis |
| US8710428B1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2014-04-29 | AOSense, Inc. | Permanent magnet axial field zeeman slower |
| CN205830132U (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-21 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator |
-
2016
- 2016-07-05 CN CN201610518756.4A patent/CN105939565A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101473705A (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2009-07-01 | 索尼德国有限责任公司 | Zeeman-slower, coil for a Zeeman-slower device and method for cooling an atom beam |
| US8674289B2 (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2014-03-18 | Uchicago Argonne Llc | Isotopic abundance in atom trap trace analysis |
| US8710428B1 (en) * | 2012-02-22 | 2014-04-29 | AOSense, Inc. | Permanent magnet axial field zeeman slower |
| CN205830132U (en) * | 2016-07-05 | 2016-12-21 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of permanent magnet Zeeman decelerator |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| IAN R. HILL ET AL.: "Zeeman Slowers for Strontium based on Permanent Magnets", 《J. PHYS. B: AT. MOL. OPT. PHYS.》 * |
| XIAOHANG ZHANG ET AL.: "Optimized design of a permanent Zeeman slower for an ytterbium optical lattice clock", 《LASER PHYSICS》 * |
| 谢玉林等: "用于锶原子光钟永磁体塞曼减速器设计", 《时间频率学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2752462C1 (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-07-28 | Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Федеральное агентство по техническому регулированию и метрологии (Росстандарт) | Atomic beam zeeman moderator |
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