CN105934857B

CN105934857B - Electrode assembly

Info

Publication number: CN105934857B
Application number: CN201580005887.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M.比莱特兹基; P.米莱斯基; W.奥尔泽斯基; R.拉德马彻; C.舍恩
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens AG
Priority date: 2014-02-03
Filing date: 2015-01-09
Publication date: 2020-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2035-01-09
Also published as: EP3075045A1; CN105934857A; DE102014201861A1; WO2015113795A1

Abstract

An electrode arrangement has field influencing electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3 f). The electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) are provided with an electrode wall, wherein the electrode wall has at least one perforation (9).

Description

Electrode assembly

The invention relates to an electrode arrangement having a field-influencing electrode with an electrode wall.

Such an electrode arrangement is known, for example, from publication US2011/0132632a 1. Wherein the electrode arrangement has an electrode which is designed in the form of a ring. The electrode walls of the field influencing electrodes are formed by solid wires. Here, the electrodes are embedded in an insulator. In addition to the described embodiment in which the electrode is designed as a closed ring, an embodiment in which the electrode is designed as a section of a ring is also described.

Due to the large number of structural designs of the electrodes with a circular ring-shaped extension, there is a risk of dimensional changes of the electrodes, in particular, in the event of temperature fluctuations. In particular, when embedding in an insulator, gaps can occur at the contact points between the electrode and the insulator due to the difference in material. A possible gap formation may adversely affect the dielectric stability of the electrode arrangement.

The object of the invention is therefore to design an electrode arrangement of the type mentioned in the introduction in such a way that the temperature-dependent tendency to dimensional changes is reduced.

The object is achieved according to the invention in an electrode arrangement of the type mentioned in the introduction in that the electrode wall has at least one perforation.

An electrode is a device for controlling an electric field. The distribution of the electric field can be influenced by the electrodes. The homogenization of the electric field can thus be achieved, for example, by the shaping of the electrodes. The electrodes can have a corresponding electrode wall, which has an electrode surface. The electrode walls determine the field influencing properties of the electrode. The electrode is at least partially electrically conductive, in particular in the region of the electrode wall. The electrode walls are for example provided with an electrically conductive material, for example a metal. The electrode wall itself may be formed of metal. The electrode walls may however also be offset from the electrically conductive material or, for example, have electrically conductive sections, for example, coatings. The electrodes are positioned in the electric field, affecting the trend of the electric field. It is thus possible, for example, to homogenize a substantially inhomogeneous electric field distribution (which, for example, leads to too high field strengths) and to reduce the field strength peaks. The electrodes are arranged here, for example, in an electrically insulating medium. The electrically insulating medium may be, for example, a fluid or also a solid. The electrically insulating medium itself has a smaller, preferably very weak, influence on the electric field than the electrodes. The medium for example covers or passes through the perforations in the electrodes. The shell contour of the electrode can also be maintained together with the perforation or the electrode wall of the electrode arrangement itself can have a perforation. The regions of the electrode wall which delimit the perforations generally have the same electrical potential and therefore form an electric field-free space in the perforated regions. It should be noted here that the perforations only have such a cross section that the electrode walls defining the perforations ensure sufficient stability of the perforations in terms of the absence of electric fields. A plurality of perforations may also be provided, for example in the electrode wall. By using perforations, the shell profile of the electrode/electrode wall is maintained, so that an effective profile of its dielectric is obtained. A region with greater elasticity is formed in the electrode, so that thermal expansion can be compensated for simply. The shell profile is held, for example, by a bracing mechanism (Strebwerk) with a plurality of perforations located between the bracing plates of the bracing mechanism. By using an electrode shaped in the form of a strut member, thermally induced dimensional changes in the structure of the electrode can be compensated for, and at the same time the quality of the electrode and thus the material expenditure for the construction of the electrode are reduced. The electrode is advantageously a metal electrode, for example, which is formed from a sheet or cast body, wherein one or more perforations are provided in the extension of the electrode wall in suitable locations. Such electrode arrangements are used, for example, in pressure fluid-insulated power transmission installations. The pressure fluid insulated electrical power transmission device has at least one phase conductor which is arranged in an encapsulating housing and is positioned spaced apart from the encapsulating housing, for example by an insulator. The spacing between the phase conductors and the encapsulation housing serves for the electrical insulation of the phase conductors. The electrical insulation is designed in this region, for example, as a pressurized gas insulation, which may be, for example, sulfur hexafluoride or nitrogen or carbon dioxide or another suitable gas or gas mixture. The material may also be present in a liquid state. In particular, the field influence is advantageous in the region of the transition between the fluid insulation and the fixed insulation, which is preferably used for spacing the phase conductors relative to the encapsulation housing. The electrodes can, for example, extend at least partially into a fixed insulation for positioning the phase conductors in the encapsulation housing.

In this case, it can be advantageously provided that the perforations are at least partially covered by a material which influences the electric field differently than the electrode wall.

By covering the perforations with a different material than the electrodes, mechanical protection or mechanical stabilization of the perforations and thus also of the electrode walls defining the perforations can be achieved. A covering by means of a solid body can be used, wherein the solid body has for example the property of electrical insulation, while the opposite electrode or the electrode wall has an increased dielectric conductivity (at least in the field-influencing zone) with respect to the insulator. The electrode can preferably be designed to be electrically conductive or semiconductive in the surface region of the electrode wall, which serves to influence the electric field. Thus, for example, it is conceivable for the electrode to have a support which serves, for example, as an electrical insulation and is electrically conductive (for example, by means of a coating) both in the surface region of the support body. As material at least partially covering the perforations, an insulating material, for example a solid insulating material, can accordingly be selected. As the solid insulating material, for example, an organic plastic or an inorganic material can be used. Insulating resins have proven to be particularly advantageous, which have a high mechanical resistance and at the same time a good electrical insulating strength. When a plurality of perforations are used, which run through the shell contour of the electrode, the electrode can be self-stabilized by covering the perforations. It is thus possible, for example, to form an electrode of smaller mass, which is sufficiently elastic on its own, thereby reducing the susceptibility to thermal influences. The material covering the perforations is designed, for example, as a composite material. For example, the material is a mixture (Mix) of electrically conductive and electrically insulating components (komponen) or else a mixture of different electrically insulating components is possible.

The required stability is ensured, for example, by using a material that at least partially covers the perforation or perforations. The material is connected to the electrode, for example, in a force-transmitting and/or form-fitting and/or material-bonded manner, so that the force is not transmitted and transmitted abruptly in the electrode wall. The material should cover the perforations.

Another advantageous structural design provides that the material is a dielectric.

A dielectric is a less conductive or non-conductive material/material composition, such as an electrically insulating material. That is, the material has only a very weak dielectric effect on the electric field. In particular, the influence of the electric field of the material can be almost ignored in comparison to the dielectric activity (dielectric conductivity) of the electrode/electrode arrangement or a dielectrically active section of the electrode (for example the surface of the electrode wall). The material may be an electrically insulating material, for example a solid. But also flowable, for example gaseous, in particular viscous, materials. The field influencing effect of the electrodes can be ensured by using dielectric, inactive materials. The dielectric may be part of an electrode arrangement, in particular a capacitive voltage divider.

It is furthermore advantageously provided that the material passes through the perforations and covers at least part of the electrode wall.

By means of the material passing through the perforations, it is possible to close the perforations and to form, in particular, mechanically connected bridges between the regions of the electrode wall that delimit the perforations. Furthermore, the shape of the perforations is stabilized by the material passing through the perforations. This results in additional stiffening of the electrode arrangement in the case of a reduced-mass electrode with reduced thermal expansion. By passing or covering the electrode wall with the material, a form-fitting connection can be achieved between the material and the electrode wall, wherein in particular the projecting shoulder can be snapped or clipped in, so that a force transmission between the material and the electrode wall is achieved due to the material-adjustable shaping, in particular in the case of angularly fixed materials. It is therefore additionally possible to suppress changes in the expansion of the electrode due to thermal effects.

Provision is preferably made for the electrodes to be embedded at least partially, in particular completely, in the material.

Embedding of the electrodes in said material is particularly advantageous when the electrodes should be combined with other functional components. The electrodes are thus embedded, for example, in a fixed insulation body, which is used, for example, for positioning the phase conductors of a pressure-fluid-insulated power transmission system. On the one hand, it is therefore possible for the fastening insulator required for positioning the phase conductor to be used to accommodate the electrode, as a result of which the electrode exerts a field-influencing effect in the region of the bearing structure between the phase conductor and the encapsulation housing. The electrodes are advantageously completely embedded in the material and can therefore be accessed only indirectly, for example, by corresponding holding or positioning means or contact elements of the electrodes protruding from the material, so that indirect access to the electrodes can be achieved. However, it can also be provided that the electrodes are only partially embedded, so that a direct access to the electrodes can be provided and at least partially surrounded there by, for example, a fluid insulating medium. The at least partial embedding by the electrodes may constitute a mechanical protection for the electrodes.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the electrode wall has a lattice structure.

By using a grid structure, an electrode wall with a plurality of perforations can be formed, which perforations are preferably evenly distributed in the electrode wall. Between the perforations, electrode walls can remain, which are, for example, essentially strip-shaped or plate-shaped in design. The shaping or strip/plate shape of the perforations in the electrode wall may vary. The grid structure is produced by using a fabric, wherein perforations are provided between individual "mesh wires". The lattice structure may also be produced, for example, by braiding, brazing, welding, etc. a plurality of rods. The lattice structure can also be produced, for example, by punching or blanking the plate. The electrode arrangement is preferably provided with a grid structure by using a so-called stretched grid (streckgiltter). The plate, preferably a metal plate, is here provided with a plurality of holes.

Perforations with a larger cross-section can be produced at the perforation locations by stretching/drawing. The individual strips are bent between the perforations. Such a stretched grid is preferably modified so that the electrodes can be constructed in different shapes. Independently of the design of the lattice structure, the electrode wall is preferably self-stable, i.e. it is formed in an angularly rigid (self-supporting) manner.

An advantageous embodiment may provide that the electrode, in particular the electrode wall, is at least partially shaped substantially annularly. The ring electrode or the at least partially ring-shaped electrode has a dielectrically advantageous shape, since protruding edges can be avoided. It is thus possible, for example, for the annular electrode to be perforated by the phase conductor, so that, for example, the electric field emanating from the phase conductor is homogenized. The phase conductor can thus pass through the ring opening of the electrode. The phase conductor and the electrode are preferably coaxially oriented. The electric field emitted by the phase conductor is generated, for example, by the energization of the phase conductor (for example, by a voltage which serves to conduct a current to the phase conductor). The higher potential emitted by the phase conductor (towards the area surrounding the phase conductor) is controllably reduced by the electrodes, for example within the insulator. It is thus possible, for example, to homogenize the dielectric loading of the insulating material (dielectric), for example in the support insulator. Thus avoiding dielectric overload at a specific point.

The electrode can be shaped differently in its annular shape. For example, a ring electrode with a (hollow) circular cross section may be formed. However, it can also be provided that the electrode has, for example, a U-shaped form, so that a groove-shaped receptacle is formed, which is arranged, for example, on the outer circumference. The groove-like receptacle can in turn be closed in an electrically conductive manner, so that an essentially hollow electrode is formed. The mass and volume of the electrode can be reduced by the U-shape, so that the tendency to thermally induced volume changes relative to the electrode is reduced. In order to also dielectrically shield the receptacle/recess of the electrode, the electrode can also be designed in multiple parts, wherein for example the groove is closed by a groove cover, so that a field-free space of the dielectric shield is again created inside the electrode.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the electrodes are provided with radially protruding holding means.

The radially protruding holding means support the electrodes, for example, and position them, for example, at a distance from the phase conductors, relative to the encapsulation housing. The introduction of the electrodes by means of the holding means also enables, for example, a measuring line or a measuring sensor or the like. In particular, when the electrode is embedded in the material, the electrode is fixed in position during the production process, for example relative to the phase conductor, and after the casting-around and subsequent hardening of the material a defined relative position is ensured in the formed cast body. The radially protruding holding means can also be used to realize, for example, potential tapping or potential application to the electrodes. The holding means are designed for this purpose such that at least some sections are electrically conductive, so that a transfer of the potential of the electrodes is possible. When a floating potential is applied, it is detected, for example, on the holding device. The electrodes can also be grounded in a targeted manner by the holding means. The holding means should preferably be arranged in the substantially ring-shaped electrode on the outer circumference of the electrode and project radially therefrom. The retaining means are therefore preferably positioned outside the ring opening surrounded by the ring shape. When the electrodes are assigned to one phase conductor, the holding element should be connected to the electrodes in the region of the electrodes facing away from the phase conductor.

A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the transition of the holding means to the electrode is arranged in the shielded section.

The transition of the holding means to the electrode should preferably be located in a section of the dielectric shielding of the electrode. The holding means and the electrode can be formed, for example, in one piece or in multiple pieces. In particular, in the case of a multi-part embodiment, the shielding of the transition between the electrode and the holding means allows a relatively free choice of the required fixing means or the fixing method used. For example, the holding means can be connected to the electrode by casting, by a material bond, for example by gluing, soldering, by force-transmitting, for example by bolting or riveting, or also by form-fitting, for example by a latching structure and a latching flange. The transition between the holding means and the electrode should be located outside the central region of the ring electrode. The transition should preferably be located on the outer circumference of the electrode. There, for example, a recess can be provided, for example in the form of a groove, into which the retaining means projects and is fixed there in the shielding region between the groove walls or on the groove bottom.

A further advantageous embodiment provides that the holding element projects at least partially from the collar of the electrode with the material.

In particular for the collar of the electrode, the holding means should at least partially or completely penetrate the collar, so that the electrode can be indirectly accessed via the holding means. This makes it possible, for example, to apply a potential to the electrodes or to tap off the potential outside the material. Furthermore, the holder element can also be used for holding measuring lines and the like. For example, a channel may be provided to guide measurement lines or the like to the electrodes. The holding means can have an interface which is embedded flush in the surface of the collar, for example. Thus, the retaining means is exposed from the material without affecting the contour of the electrode arrangement.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the electrodes are part of a capacitive voltage divider.

The phase conductors are used to conduct current, which is itself driven by an electrical potential. The potential shown here is usually different from the potential of the surroundings of the phase conductor. In order to insulate the phase conductors from the surroundings, liquid or solid insulating materials are used, for example. By providing the electrodes, the reduction of the field distribution or voltage in the electrical insulation of the phase conductors is influenced. It is thus possible, for example, for the electrodes to be used as components of a capacitor, which has a specific capacitance. A displacement current of the capacitance of the electrode is generated accordingly, which is a measure of the voltage loading the phase conductor. It is thus possible, for example, to provide a qualitative, but in particular also quantitative, indication of the potential of the phase conductors. The electrodes can be used for field influence, but also as components of a capacitive voltage divider for detecting voltages.

Another advantageous embodiment provides that the electrode has a receptacle for a dielectric shield of the measuring device.

The receptacle for the measuring device is used, for example, for positioning a probe or a sensor in the vicinity of the phase conductor in a dielectrically shielded manner for detecting the state of the phase conductor. The current, temperature or voltage, etc. can be detected by the measuring device. The measuring means should preferably measure the amount of current in the phase conductor. It is therefore possible for the electrodes to detect the voltage, on the one hand, by using them in a capacitive voltage divider, and to measure the current in the voltage-loaded phase conductor, on the other hand. Thus constituting a so-called combi-measuring sensor. For example, a rogowski coil, which is embedded in a receptacle surrounding the phase conductor, for example, can be used as a measuring device. Other measurement devices may also be used. The receptacle can be used for shielding of the measuring device.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that the transition of the holding means to the electrode is located in the region of the receptacle.

The receptacle extends radially around the ring electrode, for example on the outer circumference, so that the receptacle can be accessed in different radial directions, for example. The receptacle can also be partially covered here for better dielectric shielding of the receptacle space. The transition from the holding means to the electrode is likewise positioned in the receptacle. This provides the advantage that an access opening with a receptacle of the measuring device positioned therein can be provided, so that the measuring lines of the measuring device, for example an electrode, are conducted through the holding device. The holding means itself is thus used for the positioning of the electrodes. The holding means can also be used to position the measuring lines or measuring means on the electrodes.

Embodiments of the invention are schematically shown in the drawings and described in detail below. In the drawings:

figure 1 shows an end-side cross-sectional view of a cut electrode device,

figure 2 shows a cross-section through an electrode,

figure 3 shows a perspective view of the electrode in a first embodiment,

figure 4 shows a perspective view of an electrode in a second embodiment,

figure 5 shows a second embodiment with electrodes holding means and a first form of fixation between the holding means and the electrodes,

figure 6 shows a second embodiment of the electrode and a second form of fixation between the holding means and the electrode,

figure 7 shows an example of a housing for a second embodiment of an electrode,

figure 8 shows a cross section through the receptacle according to figure 7,

FIG. 9 shows a third embodiment with a holding device and

figure 10 shows a cross section through a third embodiment of the electrode.

Fig. 11 shows a further embodiment of a holding means in combination with the second embodiment of the electrode.

Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view through an electrode device. A substantially cylindrical insulator 1 is shown here in cross section. The insulating body 1 is, for example, of substantially cylindrical design, wherein a plurality of

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c are arranged in the direction of its column axis (which runs through the insulating body). The

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c extend through the insulating body 1 in the direction of their cylinder axis, wherein the

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c are preferably likewise of substantially cylindrical design and their cylinder axis is parallel to the cylinder axis of the insulating body 1. The

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c extend completely through the insulating body 1, so that they can each be contacted on the end side by a further phase conductor section. The

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c are arranged on a circular locus arranged coaxially with the column axis of the insulator 1, wherein the

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c constitute the vertices of an equilateral triangle. In addition to the cylindrical configuration of the insulator 1, it may also have other shapes (preferably rotationally symmetrical). The insulating body can be embodied, for example, in the form of a truncated cone, a pot or a cone. The

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c may also have different shapes, for example rotationally symmetrical shapes.

One

electrode

3a, 3b, 3c each is arranged coaxially with a

respective phase conductor

2a, 2b, 2 c. The

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c are completely embedded in the insulator 1. Each

electrode

3a, 3b, 3c has a holding means 4a, 4b, 4c on its outer circumference. The holding means 4a, 4b, 4c are connected to the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c, wherein an indirect access to the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c is formed in the outer surface region of the insulating body 1 by the holding means 4a, 4b, 4 c.

The electrode arrangement shown in fig. 1 is used, for example, as an insulator arrangement in a pressure fluid-insulated power transmission system. As an alternative to this, the insulating body 1 can be integrated in a flange connection, which is arranged, for example, on the mutually facing end sides of two pipe connections of two encapsulation housings. The outer side of the insulator 1 is surrounded by a stable frame. The frame may also be part of the flange connection. The insulator 1 can be one or more barrier structures (barrieres) which enclose the fluid-tight housing defined by the pipe connection and are used here for the positioning of the

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2 c. The

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c may constitute the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c of the capacitor, respectively, as capacitive means, so that an electric field (which surrounds each

phase conductor

2a, 2b, 2c when a voltage is applied) can be detected by the capacitive means. This offers the possibility that, on the one hand, a homogeneity of the electric field surrounding the

phase conductors

2a, 2b, 2c can be achieved by the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c and, in turn, the dielectric stability of the phase conductor 1 can be improved. On the other hand, the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c are themselves part of the (voltage) measuring device. The

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c are connected to the measuring system via the holding means 4a, 4b, 4c, for example by means of measuring lines.

The

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c in the sectional view of fig. 1 each have a receptacle which, in one form, forms a radially open recess on the outer circumference of the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3 c. In each of these receptacles, a measuring

device

5a, 5b, 5c for measuring the current is inserted. The measuring

devices

5a, 5b, 5c are designed, for example, in the form of rogowski coils, wherein each measuring

device

5a, 5b, 5c detects a magnetic field (which is based on the current through the

respective phase conductor

2a, 2b, 2c) and thus provides an image (Abbild) of the current flowing through the

respective phase conductor

2a, 2b, 2 c. The measuring lines for connecting the

measuring devices

5a, 5b, 5c are guided via the associated holding

devices

4a, 4b, 4c to the respective receptacles of the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3 c.

Fig. 2 shows an exemplary cross section through the electrode 3 a. The electrode 3a is pulled out from the insulator 1. It can be seen that the electrode 3a is designed in the form of a lattice structure, wherein the electrode itself is constructed in the form of a ring. The electrodes are made of an electrically conductive material, for example, a metal such as brass, aluminum, stainless steel, or copper. The shaping of the electrode is preferably accomplished by modification of the lattice ribbons. The perforations 9 in the electrode 3a are covered/covered by the material of the insulator 1 and are penetrated by this material. The electrodes have groove-like receptacles 6 on the outside, which surround them in a closed manner. The receptacle 6 is delimited by laterally encircling

groove walls

7a, 7b, wherein the

groove walls

7a, 7b have a mutually adjacent curvature at their free ends, so that the receptacle 6 itself is better dielectrically shielded. The associated holding means 4a is connected to the electrode 3a centrally between the

groove walls

7a, 7b in the receptacle 6. The measuring devices 5a are arranged on both sides of the holding device 4 a. The measuring devices 5a are each designed as a rogowski coil, so that two parallel rogowski coils 5a are looped around in the receptacle 6a of the electrode 3 a. This enables redundant measurements to be carried out, for example, by the measuring device 5 a. The measuring means 5a are designed as respective independently operating rogowski coils, so that the phase conductor 2a (which passes through the annular opening of the electrode 3 a) is monitored with respect to its current. It can be provided here that the measuring devices 5a have mutually different transmission characteristics, so that, for example, one of the measuring devices 5a is used to calculate the electrical work, while the other measuring device 5a is used, for example, for overcurrent protection. However, it can also be provided that only the two measuring devices 5a are designed as redundant measuring devices 5 a. Furthermore, the holding means 4a is provided for guiding the measuring line 8 to the measuring means 5 a. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a connection of the electrode 3a, so that, for example, a displacement current from the capacitance of the electrode 3 can be conducted outwards and measured there. It is therefore possible that the electrode 3a is used as a capacitive component. The electrodes 3a are preferably designed in a grid-like manner. For example, a metal sheet metal mesh can be used, which is shaped accordingly to form a ring electrode, wherein the receptacle 6 is formed on the outer circumference, for example by making a cut (Auftreiben) in the electrode 3 a.

The electrode 3a and other components shown in fig. 2 are all examples of the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c and other components shown in fig. 1. In addition to the three-phase design shown in fig. 1, a single-phase design can also be provided, in which case a cylindrical insulator is preferably also used, but it is centrally penetrated by a single phase conductor, in which case it is coaxially surrounded by a single annular electrode.

Instead of using a cylindrical insulating body 1, other shapes can also be provided, for example a pot shape or a rib-like structure applied to the insulating body 1, in order to achieve an extension of the creepage distance for the

phase conductors

3a, 3b, 3c on the end side of the insulating body 1.

A first embodiment of the electrode 3d is shown in fig. 3 with the insulator and phase conductor removed. A first variant of the electrode 3d is formed as a metal cast body, wherein the first embodiment of the electrode 3d is substantially annular in shape. A plurality of perforations 9 are provided in the electrode wall of the first embodiment of the electrode 3 d. The through-hole 9 is provided here on the groove base of the receptacle 6a on the outer circumference of the first exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3 b. The receptacle 6a is additionally divided by a partition 10, which is machined around the groove bottom. Furthermore, on the bottom of the tank, a first embodiment of a holding device 4d is connected to the electrode 3 d. The first embodiment of the electrode 3d and the first embodiment of the holding means 4d are integrally formed here, wherein the first embodiment of the holding means 4d is designed to protrude in the radial direction. But may also take the form of a multi-piece embodiment. The first embodiment of the holding means 4d has an interface 11. The connection 11 is substantially of hollow-cylindrical design, wherein the cylinder axis of the connection 11 is substantially perpendicular to the cylinder axis of the first exemplary embodiment of the ring electrode 3 d. A measuring device is placed in the receptacle 6a of the first embodiment of the electrode 3 d. Furthermore, the first exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3d is surrounded by an insulating material, wherein only the interface 11 is accessible in the outer lateral region of the insulating body formed in this way. The material of the insulating body can here be arranged in the liquid state on the first embodiment of the electrode 3d and cover the perforation 9 and pass through the perforation 9.

A second embodiment of the electrode 3e is shown in fig. 4. The second exemplary embodiment is formed from a metal fabric or a metal sheet metal mesh, wherein the annular shape is selected such that the receptacle 6b is formed on the outer circumference of the second exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3 e. The perforations thus extend over the entire area of the electrode wall, for example the groove or

groove walls

7a, 7b, which delimit the receptacle 6 b. In order to divide the receptacle 6b of the second embodiment of the electrode 3e, a plurality of pegs 12 are arranged circumferentially. The pegs 12 are arranged in the shadow of the cover of the

groove walls

7a, 7b of the receptacle 6 b. The second embodiment of the holding means 4e uses pegs 12 for the connection with the second embodiment of the electrode 3 e. The second embodiment 4e of the holding means is designed as a cast body which is, for example, bolted to the second embodiment of the electrode 3 e. But may also take a one-piece shape. Suitable materials are, in particular, aluminum, brass or stainless steel for shaping the electrode. The division of the groove-shaped receptacle 6b of the second exemplary embodiment of the counter electrode 3e is achieved by the second variant of the holding means 4e and the peg 12, so that here, in each case, sufficient receiving spaces for accommodating a measuring means, in particular a rogowski coil surrounded by two rings (similar to fig. 2 and 3), can also be formed on both sides of the peg 12. Fig. 5 and 6 each show a second exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3e, wherein an alternative design for the second exemplary embodiment of the holding element 4e is selected. Fig. 5 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a retaining means 4f, wherein the third exemplary embodiment of the retaining means 4f is mounted on the pegs 12 in the form of a cast part and is in contact with further pegs 12 distributed over the circumference via a support plate 13. In the exemplary embodiment according to fig. 5, for example, it is provided that the support plate 13 is welded to the pin 12, whereas in the fourth exemplary embodiment of the holding means 4g, in the cast embodiment according to fig. 6, a recasting of the pin 12 with the support plate 13 is recommended.

Fig. 7 shows a fifth variant of the holding means 4h, which is designed as a bent plate part, which is arranged in the base region of the receptacle 6b of the first exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3d and is connected at its radially projecting free end to a cast molding body to form the connection 11. In order to separate the receptacles 6b of the first exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3d, curved ring segments 14 are respectively inserted in the extension between the pegs 12, which have sections of the separating wall 10 radially encircling the ring axis of the first exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3 d. As with the first embodiment of the electrode 3d, the ring segments 14 may be formed from a wire mesh or a metal mesh sheet. A fifth constructional variant of the retaining means 4h is equipped with a bracing plate 13, which is preferably fixed in the receptacle 6b together with the ring segments 14.

Fig. 8 shows a cross section through a first exemplary embodiment of an electrode 3d with an inserted ring segment. A section of the shielding plate 15, which is not shown in the previous figures, is additionally shown, which covers the slot opening of the receptacle 6b between the

slot walls

7a, 7b, so that a dielectrically shielded and field-free space is formed in the receptacle 6b between the

slot walls

7a, 7 b.

A modification of the first modification of the electrode 3e is shown in fig. 9. The two electrodes 3e of the first exemplary embodiment, which are of substantially the same type, are arranged coaxially to one another, with the outer surfaces of the two groove walls facing one another being in contact with one another and being connected to one another angularly rigidly. For example, when made of metal, the second exemplary embodiment of the electrode 3e is welded to one another, so that the groove walls of the electrode 3f formed in this way, which are facing away from one another, form the resulting receptacle 6 c. The groove walls facing each other constitute the partition 10 a. In the joining region between the two second embodiments of the electrode 3e, a retaining means 4i can be embedded in the fifth embodiment. The fifth exemplary embodiment of the holding means 4i protrudes radially from the combined electrode 3f and is connected to the combined electrode 3f in the shielded region of the combined receptacle 6 c. In fig. 10, the resulting electrode 3f is shown in a cross-sectional view, wherein the second exemplary embodiment of the two electrodes 3e are welded to one another, and the resulting receptacle 6c of the resulting electrode 3f is covered by a dielectric shield by means of a shielding plate 15. In the space of the dielectric shield according to fig. 10 and also according to fig. 8, measuring means, in particular rogowski coils, can be provided, which are each arranged coaxially around in a respective receptacle (analogously to fig. 2).

Fig. 11 shows a second embodiment of an electrode 3e with a sixth embodiment of a holding means 4 j. The sixth embodiment of the holding means 4j is here in the form of a sheet metal bent part which is bent essentially into a U shape, with a circular widening of the connection 11 in the region of the base of the U. In order to stabilize the sixth embodiment of the holding device 4j, the U-shaped ends are connected to a transverse connecting structure 16. The U-shaped end transition of the sixth embodiment of the holding means 4j to a curved bracing plate 13 which rests on the groove bottom of the receptacle 6b of the second embodiment of the electrode 3 e. Where the bent strut 13 is connected angularly rigidly to the second embodiment of the electrode 3 e. In the circumferential direction of the receptacle 6b of the second embodiment of the electrode 3e, a horn 17 is arranged in a positionally fixed manner on the groove bottom of the receptacle 6b of the second embodiment of the electrode 3 e. The horns 17 have a U-shaped profile shape, wherein the free U-legs rest against the bottom of the slot of the electrode, so that bearing surfaces are formed on the opposing U-shaped walls of each horn 17 to serve as bearing surfaces for the shielding plates 15 (which are not shown in fig. 11 for reasons of clarity). Sufficient space is then created on both sides of the angle 17, for example to accommodate an annularly encircling measuring device (see fig. 2) between the centrally arranged angle 17 and the

groove walls

7a, 7b extending radially around on both sides of the angle 17. The measurement line can be guided to the measuring device via the interface 11 of the sixth embodiment of the holding device 4 j.

Independently of the exemplary embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 11, it is provided that each

electrode

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f is provided with a perforation 9, wherein the perforations 9 can be shaped differently in accordance with the selection of the material used for forming the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3 f. The individual electrodes with the measuring

devices

5a, 5b, 5c, shielding plates 15,

groove walls

7a, 7b, etc., arranged thereon are preferably embedded in the insulating body 1, wherein the

individual embodiments

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j of the holding device are accessible in the outer lateral regions of the insulating body 1, which is preferably of rotationally symmetrical construction, so that, for example, the potentials of the

individual electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f can be determined. The embodiments of the

electrodes

3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f and the embodiments of the holding means 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j can be interchanged with one another. Furthermore, very different forms of embodiment can be used as measuring means 5a, 5b, 5 c. Hall sensors or other measuring devices may be used in addition to the use of a rogowski coil.

Claims

1. An electrode arrangement with field influencing electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) provided with electrode walls, wherein the electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) are part of a capacitive voltage divider, characterized in that the electrode walls have at least one perforation (9), the electrode walls have a grid structure in the form of a stretched grid, and the perforation (9) is at least partially covered with a material which influences the electric field differently than the electrode walls and which is a dielectric, wherein the material passes through the perforation (9) and covers at least part of the electrode walls, and the electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) are at least partially embedded in the material.

2. The electrode device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) are at least sectionally shaped substantially annularly.

3. The electrode assembly of claim 1 wherein the electrode wall is at least partially substantially annularly shaped.

4. An electrode arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) are provided with radially protruding holding means (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4 j).

5. An electrode arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the transitions from the holding means (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j) to the electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) are provided in sections of the shielding.

6. An electrode arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the holding means (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j) at least partly protrude from the outer casing of the electrode (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) provided with said material.

7. Electrode arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the electrodes (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) have receptacles (6, 6a, 6b, 6c) for the dielectric shielding of the measuring means (5a, 5b, 5 c).

8. The electrode device according to claim 7, characterized in that the transition from the holding means (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j) to the electrode (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3e, 3f) is located in the region of the receptacle (6, 6a, 6b, 6 c).