CN105934558A

CN105934558A - Settable compositions and methods of use

Info

Publication number: CN105934558A
Application number: CN201580005840.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: K·阿加皮欧; J·H·马丁内斯; T·J·皮斯克拉克; V·S·戈埃尔; L·E·布拉泽斯; B·J·艾弗森
Original assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Current assignee: Halliburton Energy Services Inc
Priority date: 2014-02-28
Filing date: 2015-02-25
Publication date: 2016-09-07
Also published as: GB2537518A; GB2537518B; AR099607A1; AU2015223141B2; CA2936003C; JP6275855B2; CA2936003A1; WO2015130815A1; MX2016009580A; JP2017510669A; NO20160830A1; AU2015223141A1; GB201608419D0

Abstract

Disclosed herein are settable compositions and methods of using settable compositions in a wellbore. In one embodiment a method of introducing a settable composition into a wellbore is described. The method comprises providing a settable composition comprising pumice, hydrated lime, a set retarder, and water; introducing the settable composition into a wellbore; and allowing the settable composition to remain static in the wellbore, wherein the settable composition remains in a pumpable fluid state for a period of about 1 day or longer while static in the wellbore.

Description

Solidifiable compositions and using method

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

The application is the U.S. Patent Application No. 13/417,001 submitted on March 9th, 2012 Part continuation application, the entire disclosure of described patent application is herein incorporated by reference this Literary composition.

Background

Embodiment relates to sub-terrain operations, and in certain embodiments, relates to solidifiable group Compound and the method using solidifiable compositions in subsurface formations.

During drilling pit shaft in subsurface formations, drilling fluid can be used for cooling down drill bit, lubricating rotary Drill string is to prevent it to be bonded to the wall of pit shaft, by resisting to enter suddenly as hydrostatic pressure head Enter the high-pressure formation fluid in pit shaft to prevent blowout, and by well drilling detritus from pit shaft remove with And other situations.Drilling fluid generally can circulate through downwards drilling rod and drill bit and the most upwards wear Cross pit shaft and arrive ground.The drilling fluid used can be any amount of fluid (gaseous state or liquid State) or the mixture (such as solid suspension, mixture and emulsion) of fluid and solid.

After being drilled into desired depth and before the preparation cementing stage or in cementing In stage, drill bit can be recalled from pit shaft, and stop the circulation of drilling fluid.Drilling fluid can be with next Stay together in the wellbore from the solid filter cake of drilling fluid.It follows that tubing string (such as, sleeve pipe, Bushing pipe etc.) can be introduced in pit shaft.Depend on the degree of depth of pit shaft and when drill string is introduced pit shaft Whether can run into any problem, drilling fluid may keep relative quiescent to reach relatively long in the wellbore Time period (such as, up to about 2 weeks or longer).Although drilling fluid is the most coagulable (such as, they generally will not passage in time and form hardening block), but drilling fluid is solidifying Glue intensity can increase in time.Therefore, during drilling fluid is the static time period in the wellbore, The gel strength of drilling fluid each several part may increase make to change the possible change of drilling fluid in pit shaft Obtain more difficult.In the desired time, tubing string can be by passing through tubing string by cement composition pumping And enter the annulus between tubing string and the wall of pit shaft and be secured in place with cement, by Drilling fluid in this described annulus is replaced from described annulus by cement composition.Although having developed Multiple technologies replace drilling fluid from annulus, if drilling fluid is owing to keeping in the wellbore for improving Static state reaches long period and produces gel strength, and in pit shaft, each several part of drilling fluid is by cement composition Thing is walked around.Owing to drilling fluid is the most coagulable, i.e. will not to be frozen into rigidity salable for drilling fluid Block, so formation fluid enters pit shaft and flows in the wellbore, this is the most undesirable.

In some instances, solidifiable compositions (is commonly called " solidifiable cement bag interspersion group Compound (settable spotting composition) ") can be used to remove drilling fluid and prevent drilling well Liquid filter cake interference primary cementing operations subsequently.The existing chance of drilling fluid in the wellbore obtains Significantly before gel strength, such as, before tubing string is introduced in pit shaft, these solidifiables Cement bag interspersion compositions can be used to replace at least in part drilling fluid.Generally, these solidifiables Cement bag interspersion compositions is in static state in the wellbore and reaches a period of time (such as, up at least 2 Week) after should not have the undesirable increase of gel strength, so that solidifiable cement bag dissipates Put compositions to replace from pit shaft.Interspersed by solidifiable cement bag at least in part at pit shaft and combine After thing is filled, the tubing string fixed with cement can be introduced in pit shaft.Work as cement composition Be pumped through tubing string when entering in annulus, the drilling fluid (if present) in tubing string and annulus and Solidifiable cement bag interspersion compositions should be replaced before cement composition.It is retained in ground, underground Solidifiable cement bag interspersion compositions (if present) in the crack of layer or other permeable parts Hardening block should be frozen into, be therefore prevented from or reduce formation fluid entering annulus or flowing in annulus Dynamic.

Be commonly called " puddling operation (puddle job) " replacement operate in, can sleeve pipe it Front solidifiable compositions is placed in pit shaft, and therefore solidifiable compositions must be maintained at The fluid puddling state long enough time is to make casing string be placed in pit shaft.Once casing string Success positions, and the then solidifiable of solidifiable compositions becomes hardening block, and described hardening block can be can Seal and/or be possible to prevent fluid to migrate in the wellbore.

Although having been developed over solidifiable compositions so far, but they operate at underground flooding mud In successful use there is also challenge.Such as, as solidifiable cement bag interspersion compositions can Solidification composition should remain fluid as the long enough time ideally, so that they can finally utilize Cement composition or any insulating liquid that is associated are replaced.Similarly, it is used in puddling operation Solidifiable compositions should remain fluid as the long enough time ideally to be placed by sleeve pipe and determining Position is in pit shaft.Additionally, when being no longer necessary to solidifiable compositions and remaining fluid as, Ke Nengxu Described solidifiable compositions is wanted to produce enough comprcssive strength.

Accompanying drawing is sketched

These illustrate some aspect of some embodiments of the inventive method, and do not apply Limit or limit described method.

Fig. 1 illustrate according to some embodiment can be used for solidifiable compositions is placed on well Ground installation in Tong.

Fig. 2 A illustrates, according to some embodiment, solidifiable compositions is placed into well annulus In method.

Fig. 2 B illustrates, according to some embodiment, solidifiable compositions is placed into well annulus In method.

Fig. 2 C illustrates, according to some embodiment, solidifiable compositions is placed into well annulus In method.

Fig. 2 D illustrates, according to some embodiment, solidifiable compositions is placed into well annulus In method.

Fig. 3 illustrates solidifiable compositions being placed in pit shaft according to some embodiment Method.

Fig. 4 illustrates being placed into by tubing string at least in part by coagulating according to some embodiment Gu in the well annulus that compositions is filled.

Fig. 5 A illustrates " right angle " solidification distribution of the solidifiable compositions according to some embodiment Curve.

Fig. 5 B illustrates the gelation solidification point of the solidifiable compositions according to some embodiment Cloth curve.

The description of preferred embodiment

The embodiment of solidifiable compositions generally can comprise water, Pumex, hydrated lime and solidification Retarder.Optionally, solidifiable compositions also can comprise solidification activator.Advantageously, can coagulate Gu the embodiment of compositions may can be maintained at pumpable fluid state reaches the prolongation time period The most also it is such.Such as, solidifiable compositions is positively retained at pumpable stream Body state reaches about 1 day, about 3 days, about 5 days, about 7 days or longer.Additionally, solidifiable group The embodiment of compound can maintain low gel strength to reach the prolongation time period, thus allows them at well Static state is kept to replace after reaching a period of time in Tong.Such as, solidifiable compositions can have and is less than 20lbs./100ft.²Yield point and less than about 25lbs./100ft.²Gel strength development reach about 1 My god, about 3 days, about 5 days, about 7 days or longer.Additionally, solidifiable compositions can be about 1 My god, about 2 days, about 5 days or longer time there is the initial solidification for 50psi.Advantageously, Solidifiable compositions is final after can activating at relatively low temperatures produces rational comprcssive strength. Although solidifiable compositions is applicable to multiple sub-terrain operations, but they may be especially suitable for The operation solidified, such as solidifiable cement is extended when hope has after being placed on subsurface formations Bag interspersion compositions and puddling operation.In embodiments, solidifiable compositions can be used for having In subsurface formations up to about 15,000psi or higher pressure.

The water being used in the embodiment of solidifiable compositions may be from any source, as long as it Excess compounds without other components that may undesirably affect in solidifiable compositions ?.Such as, solidifiable compositions can comprise fresh water or saline (salt water).Saline leads to Often can include one or more salt dissolved and can according to application-specific need for saturated or Undersaturated.Sea water or saline (brine) can be suitable for using in embodiments.Additionally, water can Be enough to be formed the amount existence of pumpable fluid.In certain embodiments, water can be at Pumex About 33 weight % to about 200 weight % in the range of amount be present in solidifiable compositions.? In some embodiment, water can be in the range of about 35 weight % of Pumex to about 70 weight % Amount be present in solidifiable compositions.Benefit from the common skill of this area of the benefit of the disclosure Art personnel will recognize that the appropriate amount of the water for selected application.

The embodiment of solidifiable compositions can comprise Pumex.Generally, Pumex is to represent plastic emitting The volcanic rock of junction characteristic, this is because it can solidify and hard in the presence of hydrated lime and water Change.Pumex also can be ground.Generally, according to the needs to application-specific, Pumex can have appoints What particle size distribution.In certain embodiments, Pumex can have at about 1 micron to about 200 micro- D50 particle size distribution in the range of meter.D50 value can be measured by particle size analyzer, described grain Degree analyzer is such as by Malvern Instruments, Worcestershire, United Kingdom Those analyzers manufactured.In a particular embodiment, Pumex can have about 1 micron to about 200 microns, about 5 microns to about 100 microns or about 10 microns are in about 25 micrometer ranges D50 particle size distribution.In one particular embodiment, Pumex can have about 15 microns or more Little d50 particle size distribution.The example being suitable for Pumex can be with DS-325 lightweight aggregate purchased from Hess Pumice Products, Inc., Malad, Idaho, described DS-325 lightweight aggregate has about 15 The d50 particle size distribution of micron or less.Should be appreciated that too small granularity is likely to be of can mix Sex chromosome mosaicism, and excessive granularity may not Effective Suspension in the composition.Benefit from the disclosure Those of ordinary skill in the art of benefit should be able to select to be suitable for the selected Pumex applied Granularity.

The embodiment of solidifiable compositions can comprise hydrated lime.As used herein, term " hydrated lime " is understood to refer to calcium hydroxide.In some embodiments, hydrated lime can Being provided as quick lime (calcium oxide), described quick lime occurs hydration to form water when mixing with water Close Calx.Hydrated lime may be included in the embodiment of solidifiable compositions such as to be formed There is the hydraulic compositions of Pumex.Such as, hydrated lime can about 10:1 to about 1:1 or about Hydrated lime weight rate is included by the Pumex of 3:1 to about 5:1.In the presence of, it is hydrated stone Ash can such as be included in the amount in the range of about 10 weight % of Pumex to about 100 weight % can In solidification composition.In some embodiments, hydrated lime can be at about 10 weights of Pumex Amount %, about 20 weight %, about 40 weight %, about 60 weight %, about 80 weight % or about In the range of between any amount of 100 weight % and/or include any amount amount exist.At some In embodiment, present in solidifiable compositions, freezable component can be substantially by Pumex and water Conjunction Calx forms.Such as, freezable component can mainly comprise Pumex and hydrated lime, and does not has Any other component (such as, Portland cement, the fine coal of hydraulic ground solidification in presence of water Ash, slag cements).The those of ordinary skill in the art benefiting from disclosure benefit will recognize Know to the amount for the selected hydrated lime that should be used for and including.

The embodiment of solidifiable compositions can comprise solidification retarder.Wide variety of solidification is delayed Solidifying agent can be suitable in solidifiable compositions using.Such as, solidification retarder can include phosphonic acids, Such as amino three (methylene phosphonic acid), EDTMP, diethylenetriamines five (Asia Methylphosphonic acid) etc.；Lignosulfonates, such as sodium lignin sulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate etc.； Salt, such as stannous sulfate, lead acetate, dalcium biphosphate；Organic acid, such as citric acid, wine Stone acid etc.；Cellulose derivative, such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and carboxy methyl hydroxyethyl are fine Dimension element (CMHEC)；Comprise sulfonate group and the synthetic copolymer of carboxylic acid group or ter-polymers, The acrylamide and acrylic acid copolymer of such as sulfonate functional；Borate compound, such as Alkali borate, sodium metaborate, sodium tetraborate, potassium pentaborate；Its derivant or its mixture. Be suitable for solidification retarder example include phosphonate derivative and other.The solidification slow setting being suitable for One example of agent is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, the Micro of IncCement retarder.Generally, solidification retarder can be enough needed for retarded coagulation one section The amount of time is present in solidifiable compositions.In some embodiments, solidification retarder can It is present in solidifiable group with the amount in the range of about 0.01 weight % of Pumex to about 10 weight % In compound.In a particular embodiment, solidification retarder can about 0.01 weight % of Pumex, About 0.1 weight %, about 1 weight %, about 2 weight %, about 4 weight %, about 6 weight %, In the range of between any amount of about 8 weight % or about 10 weight % and/or include any amount Amount exists.It addition, more than one solidification retarder can be used for given application, so that can Any embodiment of solidification composition can comprise one or more solidification retarder.Benefit from this Those of ordinary skill in the art of disclosed benefit will recognize that for selected should be for wrapping The appropriate amount of the solidification retarder included.

As previously mentioned, the embodiment of solidifiable compositions optionally comprises dispersant. The example of the dispersant being suitable for includes but not limited to dispersant (such as, sulphur based on sulfonation formaldehyde Change acetone-formaldehyde condensation substance), the example can include being purchased from Geo Specialty Chemicals, Ambler, Pennsylvania's19 dispersants.Other dispersants being suitable for are permissible It is polycarboxylic ether dispersant, is such as purchased from BASF Corporation Houston, Texas 's5581F or514L dispersant, or it is purchased from Coatex, The Ethacryl of Genay, France^TMG dispersant.The other reality of the commercially available dispersant being suitable for Example is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, the CFR of Inc, Houston, Texas^TM-3 Dispersant.514L dispersant can comprise the poly-carboxylic of 36 weight % soluble in water Acid ether.Although multiple dispersant can use according to embodiment, polycarboxylic ether dispersant can be special Shi He not use in some embodiments.Without being bound by theory, it is believed that poly-carboxylic Acid ether dispersant can interact with other components of solidifiable compositions synergistically.Such as, according to Letter polycarboxylic ether dispersant can react with some solidification retarder (such as, phosphonate derivative), from And the Pumex caused in suspension solidifiable compositions within the time period extended and hydrated lime The formation of gel.

In some embodiments, dispersant can be in about 0.01 weight % of Pumex to about 5 Amount in the range of weight % is included in solidifiable compositions.In a particular embodiment, dispersion Agent can about 0.01 weight % of Pumex, about 0.1 weight %, about 0.5 weight %, about 1 Weight %, about 2 weight %, about 3 weight %, about 4 weight % or any amount of about 5 weight % In the range of between and/or include any amount weight range exist.Benefit from the benefit of the disclosure Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that for selected should be for the dispersant included Appropriate amount.

In some embodiments, during viscosifier may be included in solidifiable compositions.Viscosifier can It is included to optimize fluid rheology and stable suspension.Without limitation, thickening The example of agent includes swellable clay, and such as bentonite or biopolymer, such as cellulose spreads out Biological (such as, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose). The example of commercially available viscosifier is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., the SA-1015 of Houston, TX^TM.Viscosifier can be in about 0.01 weight % of Pumex Amount to about 0.5 weight % is included in solidifiable compositions.In specific embodiments In, viscosifier can about 0.01 weight % of Pumex, about 0.05 weight %, about 0.1 weight %, About 0.2 weight %, about 0.3 weight %, about 0.4 weight % or any amount of about 0.5 weight % In the range of between and/or include any amount amount exist.Benefit from the basis of the benefit of the disclosure The those of ordinary skill in field will recognize that for selected should suitable for the viscosifier that include Equivalent.

Embodiment can include adding in solidifiable compositions solidification activator.As in this paper institute Using, term " solidification activator " or " activator " refer to activate retarded coagulation or slow setting solidifiable The additive of compositions.Solidification activator also can accelerate retarded coagulation and/or slow setting solidifiable group The solidification of compound.Although embodiment describes, solidification activator is included, but solidifiable group Compound can be by thermal activation.In solidifiable compositions by the embodiment of thermal activation, by introducing There is the heat of subsurface formations of solidifiable compositions to activate solidifiable compositions.In solidifiable group Compound is by the embodiment solidifying activator activation, and solidifiable can combined by solidification activator Thing adds solidifiable compositions before being pumped in subsurface formations.Utilize solidification activator or profit In the way of heat, activate solidifiable compositions with the heat of subsurface formations and depend on many factors, Including downhole temperature with to controlling serosity rheological behavior and/or the needs of strength development characteristic.? Under low temperature, thermal activation is not enough to drive the hydration in compositions, and needs chemical activation. But, the most at high temperature, early strength or the development of late strength in enhancing composition Deposit when needed that (in some embodiments, the development of described early strength or late strength can Change with the rheological characteristic with serosity) maybe when suppression (such as, suppression gas/fluid migrates) is deposited When needed, solidification activator can allow to control these characteristics, but thermal activation may simply be drawn Send out hydration and order about reaction and complete.

The example of the solidification activator being suitable for includes but not limited to: zeolite；Amine, such as three second Hydramine, diethanolamine；Silicate, such as sodium silicate；Zinc formate；Calcium acetate；IA race and Group IIA hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide；Monovalent salt, all Such as sodium chloride；Divalent salts, such as calcium chloride；Nano silicon (that is, have less than or etc. The silicon dioxide of granularity in about 100 nanometers)；Polyphosphate；And a combination thereof.Real at some Executing in scheme, the combination of polyphosphate and monovalent salt can be used for activating.Monovalent salt can be to dissociate Form any salt of monovalent cation, such as sodium salt and potassium salt.Monovalent salt concrete being suitable for Example includes potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate.Multiple different polyphosphate can be applied in combination with monovalent salt For the activation of solidifiable compositions, including metaphosphate, phosphate and a combination thereof of polymerization. The instantiation of the Metaphosphoric acid polymer salt that can use includes sodium hexameta phosphate, three Metaphosphoric acids Sodium, four Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies, five Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies, seven Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies, eight Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies and a combination thereof. The instantiation of the activator that thes cement solidifies being suitable for comprises the combination of sodium sulfate and sodium hexameta phosphate. In specific embodiments, activator can provide and add solidifiable combination as liquid additive In thing, described liquid additive such as comprises monovalent salt, polyphosphate and optionally dispersant Liquid additive.In embodiments, solidifiable compositions is generally being introduced by solidification activator Added in described solidifiable compositions before in subsurface formations and/or pit shaft；But, can exist Situations below: be necessary one after solidifiable compositions is introduced in subsurface formations or Solidification activator additionally adds in described solidifiable compositions.

Some embodiments can include solidifying activator, described in the activator that thes cement solidifies include monovalence Salt and the combination of polyphosphate.Monovalent salt and polyphosphate can be added into solidifiable combination at them Combine before thing or they can be added separately in solidifiable compositions.Monovalent salt can be to dissociate Form any salt of monovalent cation, such as sodium salt and potassium salt.Monovalent salt concrete being suitable for Example includes potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate.Multiple different polyphosphate can be applied in combination with monovalent salt For the activation of solidifiable compositions, described polyphosphate includes such as Metaphosphoric acid polymer Salt, phosphate and a combination thereof.The instantiation of the metaphosphate of the polymerization that can use includes six Polymeric sodium metaphosphate., sodium trimetaphosphate, four Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies, five Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies, seven Polymeric sodium metaphosphate ies, eight Polymeric sodium metaphosphate. and a combination thereof.The instantiation of the activator that thes cement solidifies being suitable for comprise sodium sulfate and The combination of sodium hexameta phosphate.It is interesting that sodium hexameta phosphate is also known in the industry as baud The strong retarder of blue cement.Due to the unique chemistry of polyphosphate, polyphosphate can be used as Solidification activator is for the embodiment of solidifiable compositions disclosed herein.Monovalent salt is with many Phosphatic ratio can be in the scope of e.g., from about 5:1 to about 1:25 or about 1:1 to about 1:10. Solidification activator embodiment can comprise in about 5:1,2:1, about 1:1, about 1:2, about 1:5, Any ratio of about 1:10, about 1:20 or the about 1:25 ratio of polyphosphate (monovalent salt with) it In the range of between and/or include the monovalent salt of ratio and the polyphosphate of any ratio.

In some embodiments, the combination of monovalent salt and polyphosphate can mix with dispersant and water Close to form the liquid additive of the activation for solidifiable compositions.The dispersant being suitable for Example includes but not limited to previously described dispersant, such as dispersant based on sulfonation formaldehyde and Polycarboxylic ether dispersant.One example of commercial dispersant is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy The CFR-3 of Services, Inc^TMDispersant.One example of the polycarboxylic ether dispersant being suitable for Including being purchased from BASF Corporation, Houston, Texas's514L Or 5581F dispersant.

Liquid additive can be used as solidifying activator.As discussed above, solidification activator also may be used Accelerate the solidification of solidifiable compositions.The use of the liquid additive accelerating solidifiable compositions takes Certainly the compositions in liquid additive is constituted and the compositions of solidifiable compositions is constituted.Be benefited In the benefit of the disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art should be able to prepare liquid additive so that Activation and/or acceleration solidifiable compositions.

The amount that solidification activator can be enough to induce solidifiable compositions to be frozen into hardening block includes In solidifiable compositions.In certain embodiments, solidification activator can be in the pact of Pumex Amount in the range of 0.1 weight % to about 20 weight % is included in solidifiable compositions.Specifically In embodiment, solidification activator can about 0.1 weight % of Pumex, about 1 weight %, Between any amount of about 5 weight %, about 10 weight %, about 15 weight % or about 20 weight % In the range of and/or include any amount amount exist.Additionally, more than one solidification can be used to live Agent, so that the combination of solidification activator may be provided to solidifiable compositions.Benefit from this Those of ordinary skill in the art of disclosed benefit will recognize that for selected should be for wrapping The appropriate amount of the activator that thes cement solidifies included.

Other additives being suitable in sub-terrain operations using may additionally include solidifiable combination In the embodiment of thing.The example of this kind of additive includes but not limited to: heavy weight additive, lightweight add Add agent, aerogenesis additive, mechanical performance enhancing additive, loss circulation material, filtration control interpolation Agent, liquid loss amount control additive, defoamer, foaming agent, thixotropy additive and a combination thereof. The example of the heavy weight additive being suitable for includes such as, having the material of 3 or bigger proportions, such as weigh Spar.In embodiments, one or more of these additives can still exist after storing Add in solidifiable compositions before solidifiable compositions is placed in subsurface formations.Benefit from Those of ordinary skill in the art of the benefit of the disclosure should be readily able to determine for specific Apply and realize the type of additive and the amount of results needed.

Those of ordinary skill in the art is it will be appreciated that the embodiment of solidifiable compositions should be usual There is the density being suitable for application-specific.Such as, solidifiable compositions can have about 4 pounds often Gallon (" lb/gal ") is to the density in the range of about 20lb/gal.In certain embodiments, can coagulate Gu compositions can have the density in the range of about 8lb/gal to about 17lb/gal.Solidifiable is combined The embodiment of thing can be foaming or unexpanded, or can comprise other modes to reduce it Density, such as hollow microsphere, low-density elasticity pearl or other reductions known in the art are close The additive of degree.In embodiments, density after storage compositions, but can be placed on It is lowered before subsurface formations.Benefit from those of ordinary skill in the art of the benefit of the disclosure Will recognize that the suitable density for application-specific.

Solidifiable compositions can reach prolongation time period table by being maintained at pumpable fluid state Levy.When being used in sub-terrain operations, solidifiable compositions can (even lived under downhole conditions After change) it is maintained at pumpable fluid state and reaches about 1 day to about 7 days or longer time period. In some embodiments, solidifiable compositions is positively retained at pumpable fluid state and reaches about 1 My god, about 2 days, about 3 days etc..Solidifiable compositions can be by thermal activation or utilization solidification activator Activate.In solidifiable compositions by the embodiment of thermal activation, there is solidifiable by introducing The heat of the subsurface formations of compositions activates solidifiable compositions.In solidifiable compositions by coagulating Gu in the embodiment of activator activation, described solidification activator can be by solidifiable compositions pump Solidifiable compositions is added before delivering in subsurface formations.The thickening time of solidifiable compositions is Refer to solidifiable compositions (such as, solidifiable cement bag interspersion compositions) is maintained at pumpable stream Measuring of the time of body state.The denseness of unit of consistency (" Bc ") is stepped on less than 70 uncles when fluid has Time, solidifiable compositions considered to be in pumpable fluid state, and described denseness is according to API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements, the One edition, illustrate in 2005 7 months is thick in pressurization for measuring the program of cement thickening time Degree meter is upper to be measured.The thickening time described herein can be for the temperature in about 140 to about 450 To more than 15 in the range of degree and for the ambient pressure on stratum, the pressure limit of 000psi is come Say any embodiment of the solidifiable compositions used.

When it is desired to be used, the embodiment of solidifiable compositions can be activated (such as, passing through With activator combination) it is frozen into hardening block.As used in this article, term " solidification activator " Or " activator " refers to activate retarded coagulation or the additive of slow setting solidifiable compositions.Solidification is lived Agent also can accelerate retarded coagulation and/or the solidification of slow setting solidifiable compositions.Such as, can coagulate Gu the embodiment of compositions can be activated in the range of about 1 day to about 7 day or be longer Between section is formed hardening block.Such as, the embodiment solidifiable of solidifiable compositions comes about 1 My god, about 3 days, about 5 days, about 7 days or longer time in formed hardening block.Solidifiable is combined Thing can persistently obtain comprcssive strength within the time period more than 7 days.

In some embodiments, solidifiable compositions can solidify needed for having after the activation Comprcssive strength.But, solidifiable compositions should not produce the initial comprcssive strength of 50psi and reach and prolong Long period.Comprcssive strength typically material or structure bear the ability of the thrust being axially directed to. Comprcssive strength can be activated in solidifiable compositions and make resulting composition maintain regulation Measure during one period of stipulated time after under the conditions of temperature and pressure.Disruptive method can be passed through Or non-destructive method measures comprcssive strength.Disruptive method is by pressing in compression verification machine Broken sample come physically test processes fluid sample in the intensity of each time point.Comprcssive strength is Calculate and with PSI divided by the cross-sectional area of opposing load according to breaking load Power (psi) is that unit is reported.Non-destructive method can use and be purchased from Fann Instrument The UCA of Company, Houston, TX^TMUltrasonic cement analyzer.Compression strength value can root According to API RP 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements, the One edition, in July, 2005 measures.

Solidifiable compositions can be by having about 1 day or the initial solidification of 50psi for more time Characterize.Such as, when making solidifiable compositions solidify about 1 day or longer under downhole conditions, Solidifiable compositions can not produce the comprcssive strength of 50psi.Such as, solidifiable compositions can not The comprcssive strength producing 50psi reaches about 1 day, about 2 days, about 5 days or the most longer.One In a little embodiments, can use destructive or non-broken under the temperature range of 100 to 200 Bad property method measures compression strength value.

In some embodiments, it is possible to provide comprise water, Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification slow setting The solidifiable compositions of agent and optionally dispersant.Solidifiable compositions is storable in such as vessel Or in other containers being suitable for.Solidifiable compositions can be allowed to keep storing up to required time section. Such as, solidifiable compositions can keep storing up to about 1 day or longer time period.As another Example, solidifiable compositions can keep storing up to about 1 day, about 2 days, about 5 days, about 7 days, About 10 days, about 20 days, about 30 days, about 40 days, about 50 days, about 60 days or longer Time period.Then, solidifiable compositions can such as activate by adding solidification activator, draws Enter in subsurface formations and make it solidify in subsurface formations subsequently.

As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, the embodiment of solidifiable compositions can be used In multiple sub-terrain operations, described sub-terrain operations needs solidifiable compositions after the placement Remain pumpable in extending the time period.Such as, solidifiable compositions can be used as solidifiable water Mud drum interspersion compositions is also used in " puddling operation ".In some embodiments, it is possible to provide bag Aqueous, Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification retarder and optionally solidify the solidifiable group of activator Compound.Solidifiable compositions can introduce in subsurface formations and make it solidifying in subsurface formations Gu.When making solidifiable compositions solidify in the earth formation, the characteristic of solidifiable compositions can make it It is particularly suitable as solidifiable cement bag interspersion compositions and/or in puddling operation.Such as, Solidifiable compositions be positively retained at pumpable fluid state reach 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days or The most longer.Solidifiable compositions can not produce comprcssive strength after introducing in subsurface formations yet Reach 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days or the most longer.Additionally, solidifiable compositions can have Less than about 25lbs./100ft.²Gel strength reach about 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days or even Longer, and there is less than about 20lbs./100ft.²Yield point reach about 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days or the most longer.As used in this article, solidifiable compositions is introduced in subsurface formations Including any part of introducing subsurface formations, include but not limited to introduce piercing in subsurface formations In pit shaft, introduce around in the neighbouring shaft area of pit shaft, or introduce above-mentioned both.Embodiment party Case may also include storage solidifiable compositions and reaches prolongation time period (such as, about 1 day to about 2 years) And by thermal activation or by add solidification activator activate solidifiable compositions.

In embodiments, solidifiable compositions can be used as from the replacement of pit shaft at drilling fluid can Solidified water mud drum interspersion compositions.Illustrative methods can include solidifiable compositions is introduced pit shaft In so as by drilling fluid at least some of from pit shaft replace.Solidifiable compositions can comprise water, Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification retarder and optionally solidify activator.Solidifiable compositions can It is used for being replaced from pit shaft by drilling fluid before the gel strength of drilling fluid the most undesirably increases Change.In some embodiments, it may be necessary to drilling fluid is contained from pit shaft by solidifiable compositions There are those partial replacement of other permeable parts of crack, cave and pit shaft.At drilling fluid After replacing it, other step may include but be not limited to introduce in pit shaft tubing string, and by cement Compositions introduces in pit shaft at least some of of solidifiable compositions to be replaced from pit shaft.Can The part of solidification composition can retain in the wellbore, such as, be retained in subsurface formations crack or In other permeable parts.Those of ordinary skill in the art is it will be appreciated that cement composition also can be by Any remaining drilling fluid is replaced from pit shaft.After introducing in pit shaft, cement composition should be made Thing solidifies in the wellbore.

In embodiments, solidifiable compositions can be used in puddling operation.Illustrative methods can Including solidifiable compositions being introduced in pit shaft and placing it in the mire at wellbore bottom In or above stopper formed mire in (such as, in Ground Application or application near the ground Situation).Solidifiable compositions can comprise water, Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification retarder and appoint Selection of land solidification activator.Solidifiable compositions can be maintained at fluid in the mire at wellbore bottom State is until pipeline is placed in pit shaft and positions.Solidifiable compositions can be then at pipeline And solidification in the annulus between the wall of pit shaft is to form the ring jacket of hardening block.Hardening Block can form the barrier preventing fluid from migrating in the wellbore.Solidifiable compositions can also such as by Pipeline support is in the wellbore.

Embodiment includes the method for introducing in pit shaft by solidifiable compositions, described method Including: the solidifiable compositions comprising Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification retarder and water is provided； Solidifiable compositions is introduced in pit shaft；And make solidifiable compositions keep quiet in the wellbore State, wherein when being in static state in the wellbore, described solidifiable compositions is maintained at pumpable stream Body state reaches about 1 day or longer time period.

Another embodiment includes the method for introducing in pit shaft by solidifiable compositions, described Method includes: provide the solidifiable combination comprising Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification retarder and water Thing；Solidifiable compositions is introduced in pit shaft and makes solidifiable compositions shape in the bottom of pit shaft Become mire；And make solidifiable compositions keep static, wherein when locating in the wellbore in the wellbore When static state, solidifiable compositions is maintained at pumpable fluid state when reaching about 1 day or be longer Between section.

Another embodiment includes the solidifiable compositions system for solidifying sleeve pipe, described system Including: the wellbore casing being arranged in pit shaft；Solidifiable compositions, described solidifiable compositions Comprise: water, Pumex, hydrated lime and solidification retarder；Wherein drawn in solidifiable compositions After entering in pit shaft, solidifiable compositions can be held at less than the fluid state of 70Bc and reach about 5 days or longer time period；The mixing apparatus of solidifiable compositions can be mixed；And can Solidifiable compositions is pumped into the pumping equipment in described pit shaft.

Fig. 1 illustrates according in the placement that can be used for solidifiable compositions of some embodiment Ground installation 5.Although it should be noted that Fig. 1 generally illustrates onshore operations, but this area Artisan will readily recognize that, without departing from the scope of the disclosure, described herein Principle can be applied equally to underwater operation, described underwater operation uses and floats or offshore platform And rig.As illustrated by fig. 1, ground installation 5 can include cementing unit 10, described note Cement unit 10 can include one or many cement trucks.Such as those of ordinary skill in the art Being readily apparent that, cementing unit 10 can include mixing apparatus 15 and pumping equipment 20.Water filling Mud unit 10 pumpable solidifiable compositions 25 (shown in arrow) arrives note by feed pipe 30 Cementing head 35, solidifiable compositions 25 is transported by described cementing 35 to down-hole.

Describing referring now to Fig. 2 A-2D uses solidifiable compositions 25 as solidifiable cement The example of bag interspersion compositions.Fig. 2 A illustrates that the pit shaft 45 by being provided with drilling fluid 50 penetrates Subsurface formations 40.Although pit shaft 45 is shown as being mainly extended perpendicular to subsurface formations In 40, but principles described herein applies also for extending through subsurface formations with an angle The pit shaft of 40, the most horizontally or diagonally pit shaft.Any suitable drilling technology can be used Pit shaft 45 is pierced in subsurface formations 40.As it can be seen, drilling fluid 50 can by drill string and Bottom hole assembly (BHA) 55 introduces in pit shaft 45.The wall 60 of pit shaft 45 can find pit 65, described pit 65 may by the blowout of subsurface formations 40, crack, slight crack and/or with The naturally occurring feature of other modes and produce.Solidifiable compositions 25 can be after drilling fluid 50 Running, described drilling fluid 50 occupies drill string and the bottom of BHA 55.

Fig. 2 B illustrates subsurface formations 40, and wherein drill string and BHA 55 are still placed on down-hole, And solidifiable compositions 25 circulated by drill string and BHA 55 so that its exit drill string and BHA 55 and between traveling up through the wall 60 of drill string and BHA 55 and pit shaft 45 Annulus 70, therefore replaces drilling fluid 50.Can passing through at least partially of replaced drilling fluid 50 Flowline 75 exits annulus 70, and is deposited on the most one or more holding holes 80 (example As, mud pit) in, as figure 1 illustrates.Although solidifiable compositions 25 exits brill to down-hole Post and BHA 55, drill string and BHA 55 can improve and capture along well bore wall 60 and recessed In hole 65, the mode of the removal quantity of the drilling fluid 50 of capture circulates and moves back and forth.

As shown in fig. 2 c, after drilling fluid 50 can be replaced it by solidifiable compositions 25, Drill string and BHA 55 can be removed and casing string 85 can be placed in pit shaft 45.Cement Compositions 90 can then be run in casing string 85 after solidifiable compositions 25, and such as Shown in figure 2d, cement composition 90 is circulated so that it exits by casing string 85 The bottom of casing string 85 and between traveling up through the wall 60 of casing string 85 and pit shaft 45 Annulus 70 arrive predetermined TOC (TOC) degree of depth.In this case, do not replace Change and be retained in any solidifiable compositions on the wall 60 of pit shaft 45 and/or in pit 65 25 will be frozen in time hardening block 95, therefore eliminate fluid may migrate across undesirable Passage and the formation in path.

It is described in " puddling operation " operation referring now to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and uses solidifiable combination The example of thing 25.With reference now to Fig. 3, pit shaft 45 is shown as penetrating subsurface formations 40.Set Tubing string 85 can run to arrive in pit shaft 45 and place with cement admittedly by the lower end of casing string 85 It is scheduled on the degree of depth above critical well section, it is desirable to cement sheath is by described critical well section.It is arranged on On the lower end of casing string 85 can be the stopper of float valve 100 or any other type (such as, Any effective sealing-plug and be not necessarily valve).In embodiments, float valve 100 is permissible It is any kind of float valve (such as, flap-type float valve).Casing string 85 can have determining along its length Heart device 105 (such as, as shown in FIG. 4) is so that retaining sleeve post 85 is away from pit shaft 45 Wall 60.

Solidifiable compositions 25 can be pumped and be discharged in the lower end of pit shaft 45.Solidifiable Compositions 25 can be discharged into by drill string and BHA 55 (such as, as shown in Fig. 2 A-2B) In the lower end of pit shaft 45, casing string 85 can navigated to pit shaft by described drill string and BHA 55 It was placed in pit shaft 45 before in 45.Alternatively, solidifiable compositions 25 can be by boring Post and BHA 55 (or other pipelines being suitable for) are discharged into the lower end of pit shaft 45, described drill string and BHA 55 extends through casing string 85 so that drill string and BHA 55 pass through float valve 100 from set The lower end of tubing string 85 is exited.The volume of the solidifiable compositions 25 being pumped in pit shaft 45 Can be depending on many factors, including the length of the well section needing solidification.Such as, solidifiable combination Thing 25 is positively retained at pumpable fluid state, and (that is, described solidifiable compositions has less than 70Bc Denseness) reach 1 day, 3 days, 7 days or longer time period.It practice, solidifiable compositions 25 should not solidify until needing to be maintained at pumpable by solidifiable compositions 25 in pit shaft 45 The all operations of fluid state completes.Therefore, before the preparation of solidifiable compositions 25 The accurate estimated value of the persistent period obtaining this generic operation is useful.

Turning now to Fig. 4, volume required solidifiable compositions 25 has been discharged into pit shaft 45 After in, casing string 85 can drop to the desired depth in pit shaft 45.As it can be seen, sleeve pipe Post 85 is lowered in the solidifiable compositions 25 in the lower end of pit shaft 45.Float valve 100 should Prevent solidifiable compositions 25 from entering in casing string 85.Along with casing string 85 is lowered to well In cylinder 45, solidifiable compositions 25 can be replaced from the middle part of pit shaft 45 by casing string 85, its In around the annulus 70 of casing string 85 containing solidifiable compositions 25.Solidifiable foot can be forced Compositions 25 rises along annulus 70, thus cause solidifiable compositions 25 such as by any its His fluid (such as, drilling fluid 50 (not shown) and/or other fluids, such as insulating liquid, replacement Liquid, cleaning solution etc.), any other fluid described may be maintained in pit shaft 45.Sleeve pipe Post 85 then can be suspended in pit shaft 45, until the solidifiable combination being arranged in annulus 70 Thing 25 solidifies.

Exemplary solidifiable compositions disclosed herein can directly or indirectly affect with disclosed can The preparation of solidification composition, carry, fetch (recapture), recirculation, reuse and/or Dispose one or more components or equipment part being associated.Such as, disclosed solidifiable group Compound can directly or indirectly affect for producing, store, monitor, regulate and/or adjusting example again Property one or more blenders of solidifiable compositions, relevant mixing apparatus, mud pit, storage set Execute or unit, compositions separator, heat exchanger, sensor, measurement instrument, pump, compressor Etc..Disclosed solidifiable compositions also can directly or indirectly affect for solidifiable being combined Thing is transported to well site or the transport of down-hole or conveying equipment, such as coagulating in composition Gu compositions move to from a position any transport vessel of another location, pipeline, pipeline, Truck, tubular type utensil and/or pipe fitting, be used for driving any pump that solidifiable compositions moves, Compressor or motor (being such as positioned at top side or down-hole), be used for regulating the pressure of solidifiable compositions Or any valve of flow rate or associated adapter, and any sensor (that is, pressure transducer and Temperature sensor), measurement instrument and/or a combination thereof etc..Disclosed solidifiable compositions is also Can directly or indirectly affect the various underground equipments and work that can come in contact with solidifiable compositions Tool, such as, but not limited to wellbore casing, wellbore liner, completion tubular column, insertion tubing string, drill string, Coiled tubing, slick line (slickline), steel wire, drilling rod, drill collar, MTR, down-hole Motor and/or pump, cement pump, ground installation motor and/or pump, centralizer, swirler (turbolizer), scraper, buoyancy aid (such as, floating boots, float collar, float valve etc.), logging tool And relevant remote-measuring equipment, actuator (such as, electromechanical device, mechanics of liquids device etc.), slide Sleeve, production sleeve, stopper, sieve, filter, volume control device (such as, flow into control Device processed, automatically flow into control device, flow-out control device etc.), shaft coupling (such as, electronic Hydraulic pressure wet connection part, involvement fitting, inductive coupler), control circuit (such as, electric wire, light Fine circuit, underground etc.), monitoring wire, drill bit and reamer, sensor or distributed Sensor, down-hole heat exchanger, valve and the actuation means of correspondence, instrument sealing member, packer (packer), cement plug, bridge-type plug and other well bore isolation device or parts etc..

For the ease of being more fully understood that embodiment of the present invention, provide the spy of some embodiments Determine following example of aspect.Following example never should be interpreted to be to limit or limit embodiment party The four corner of case.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Following example describe and comprise the solidifiable compositions of following components:

Table 1

The compositions of sample I is constituted

Component	Amount	Unit *
			Water	60	%bwoP
Pumex	100	%bwoP
			Calx	20	%bwoP
Heavy weight additive	2	%bwoP
			Retarder	0.06	Gal/sk
Auxiliary retarder	0.5	%bwoP
			Dispersant	0.6	%bwoP
Viscosifier	0.035	%bwoP
			Accelerator	2	%bwoP

* %bwoP=is in terms of the weight of Pumex；Gal/sk=gallon/every packed Pumex of 46lb

Heavy weight additive is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, TX 'sFF weight additive.Cement retarder is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy The Micro of Services, Inc., Houston, TXCement retarder.Auxiliary retarder It is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, TX's Dispersant is to be purchased from BASF, the Liquiment 5581F of Florham Park, New Jersey Dispersant.Viscosifier are to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, The SA-1015 of TX^TMSuspending agent.Accelerator is the sodium hexameta phosphate (SHMP) with 1:1 ratio Aqueous solution (6% activity) with sodium sulfate.After the preparation, according to API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements, uses 3,000 UCA that psi and 80 times maintain and utilize 10 minutes even change time to measure the anti-of sample Compressive Strength.UCA test carries out 17 days.At the end of UCA tests, according at API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements illustrates Program, by using mechanical press to measure destructive comprcssive strength with crushing sample.Crushing Intensity (rush strength) is measured as 473.7psi.The result of UCA intensity test presents In hereafter 2.

Table 2

UCA comprcssive strength

Compositions does not obtain comprcssive strength and reaches substantially 60 hours.Sample I reached after 121 hours To initial solidification and the comprcssive strength that realizes 500psi in more than 411 hours.This instruction Compositions is maintained at fluid state up to less in 60 hours and until within 121 hours, just reaching To rational comprcssive strength.Compositions persistently obtains comprcssive strength until end of test.Additionally, According at API RP-10b-6/ISO10426-6, Recommended Practice on The journey illustrated in Determining the Static Gel Strength of Cement Formulations Sequence, make sample 80, under 3000psi (this is the parameter identical with UCA analysis) stand Static gel intensity analysis.Sample shows the zerogel time more than 13 days.

Embodiment 2

For optimum organization thing at relatively high temperatures, prepare sample II-VI and at high pressure-temperature Thickening time (pump time) test is carried out on consistometer.The compositions of sample II-VI constitute in Now in table 3 below.

Table 3

The compositions of sample II-VI is constituted

		Sample II	Sample III	Sample IV	Sample V	Sample VI
							Component	Unit *	Amount	Amount	Amount	Amount	Amount
Water	%bwoP	60	60	60	60	60
							Pumex	%bwoP	100	100	100	100	100
Calx	%bwoP	20	20	20	20	20
							Heavy weight additive	%bwoP	2	2	2	2	2
Retarder	Gal/sk	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06	0.06
							Auxiliary retarder	%bwoP	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Dispersant	%bwoP	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6
							Viscosifier	%bwoP	0.035	0.035	0.035	0.035	0.035
Accelerator	%bwoP	10	5	2.5	1	0.5

* %bwoP=is in terms of the weight of Pumex；Gal/sk=gallon/packed Pumex of 46lb

Heavy weight additive is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, TX 'sFF weight additive.Cement retarder is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy The Micro of Services, Inc., Houston, TXCement retarder.Auxiliary retarder It is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, TX's Dispersant is to be purchased from BASF, the Liquiment 5581F of Florham Park, New Jersey Dispersant.Viscosifier are to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, The SA-1015 of TX^TMSuspending agent.Accelerator is CaCl₂。

According to API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements measures thickening time, hydration heat and comprcssive strength.After the preparation, according to At API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements, uses high pressure-temperature consistometer, utilizes and is set to 3,000psi and 140 and There is the experiment condition of 28 minutes even change time to measure the thickening time.During by checking thickening Between test resolution determine hydration heat, or be hydrated the pyrogenetic time.According to causing sample temperature Exceeding the event of wall temperature to identify hydration heat, described hydration heat is the heat that test equipment is supplied. Sample is poured in 2 inches × 4 inch brass cylinders and under atmospheric pressure under 140 Water-bath solidifies.Then according at API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended In Practice for Testing Well Cements illustrate program, by use mechanical press with Destructive comprcssive strength measured by crushing sample.The result of these tests is explained in Table 4 below Bright.

Table 4

Thickening time result

* DNS=does not solidifies.

Result indicates: the control to pump time can be by the accelerator of Adjust and use River Bank Stability Amount realize.In addition it has been discovered that for accelerator concentration, hydration focus is abided by Follow the trend similar with pump time, so that hydration heat can be used as solidifiable compositions warp Go through hydration so as solidification indicant.

Embodiment 3

Prepare sample VII to set up the favourable outcome of sample IV.Use other retarder and Dispersant prepares sample VII.The compositions composition of sample VII is presented in table 5 below.

Table 5

The compositions of sample VII is constituted

* %bwoP=is in terms of the weight of Pumex；Gal/sk=gallon/packed Pumex of 46lb

According to API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements measures thickening time, hydration heat and comprcssive strength.140 and 3000psi Under carry out thickening time test.Sample is poured in 2 inches × 4 inch brass cylinders and Solidify 7 days the most in a water bath at 140 times.Additionally, sample to be poured into 1 English In very little × 2 inch brass cylinders and 140 times at 3000psi under solidify 7 in a water bath My god.After solidification, according at API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice The program illustrated in for Testing Well Cements, by using mechanical press to crush sample Measure destructive comprcssive strength.Then according at API RP Practice 10B-2, The program illustrated in Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements, by making Destructive comprcssive strength is measured with crushing sample with mechanical press.This test result under Literary composition table 6 illustrates.

Table 6

Thickening time result

Embodiment 4

Prepare sample VIII-XVI to use High Temperature High Pressure consistometer 350 and 15,000psi High-temperature and high-pressure conditions under test solidifiable compositions.The compositions of sample VIII-XVI is constituted It is presented in table 7 below.

Table 7

The compositions of sample II-VI is constituted

The most all units be all %bwoP (in terms of the weight of Pumex) and except retarder, described slow The unit of solidifying agent is Gal/sk=gallon/packed Pumex of 46lb

Heavy weight additive is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, TX 'sFF weight additive.Cement retarder is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy The Micro of Services, Inc., Houston, TXCement retarder.Auxiliary retarder It is to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, TX's Dispersant is to be purchased from BASF, the Liquiment 5581F of Florham Park, New Jersey Dispersant.Viscosifier are to be purchased from Halliburton Energy Services, Inc., Houston, The SA-1015 of TX^TMSuspending agent.

According to API RP Practice 10B-2, Recommended Practice for Testing Well Cements, uses High Temperature High Pressure consistometer to measure thickening time and hydration heat.Utilize 28 Minute even change time tests under 350 and 15,000psi.By checking the thickening time Test resolution determines hydration heat.The result of this test illustrates in Table 8 below.

Table 8

Thickening time result

As indicated by table 7, retarder concentration stably increases to sample XVI from sample VIII Add.Result indicates the linear relationship between pump time and retarder concentration.Utilize 1.2 Gal/sk retarder, pump time is delayed by as more than 60 hours, and wherein hydration heat also indicates Solidify in the case of more than 60 hours.Therefore, even in high temperature and high pressure environment, can coagulate Gu compositions still shows retarded coagulation characteristic.

Additionally, have the solidifiable compositions also table of the retarder concentration of 0.12gal/sk or bigger Reveal " right angle " solidification behavior, so that solidification distribution curve quickly increases towards 70Bc.Have Effect ground, sample X-XVI demonstrates that right angle consolidation, sample VIII and IX then do not have.Have Less than 0.12gal/sk the solidifiable compositions of retarder concentration had and demonstrate towards 70Bc The solidification distribution curve being gradually increased, this indicates gelation.Therefore, solidifiable compositions Some preparations also can alleviate gelation and provide holding fluid reach prolongation the time period until The solidifiable compositions of the specified point that experience solidifies immediately.Fig. 5 A provides and uses sample XVI The example of " right angle " solidification distribution curve as an example.Fig. 5 B provides and uses sample VIII to make Gelation for example solidifies the example of distribution curve.

Should be appreciated that compositions and method are with regard to " comprising ", " containing " or " including " various component Or describe for step, but compositions and method also can be " substantially by various components and step Rapid composition " or " being made up of various components and step ".Additionally, as used by claims Indefinite article "/kind (a/an) " be defined herein as meaning introducing one or more Key element.

For brevity, some scope is the most clearly disclosed.But, from any lower limit Scope can be combined not expressly listed scope of enumerating with any upper limit, and from any lower limit Scope can be combined with any other lower limit and enumerate not expressly listed scope, with identical side Formula, the scope from any upper limit can be combined with any other upper limit enumerate not expressly listed Scope.Additionally, whenever the open digital scope with lower limit and the upper limit, just specifically disclose Fall in the range of any numeral and any included scope.Specifically, disclosed herein (form be " about a to about b " to each scope of value, or equally " substantially a to b ", or equivalent Ground " substantially a-b ") it is interpreted as illustrating each numeral containing in the relative broad range of value and model Enclose, be also such even if not expressly listed.Therefore, each point or single value can be used as himself Lower limit or the upper limit come and any other point or single value or any other lower limit or upper limit knot Close, in order to enumerate not expressly listed scope.

Therefore, embodiment of the present invention are very suitable for reaching to be previously mentioned target and advantage and Those the most intrinsic targets and advantage.Particular disclosed above is only explanation Property, because embodiment of the present invention can be to the technology benefiting from this area of religious doctrine herein For personnel, the significantly different but mode of equivalence is modified and puts into practice.Although discussing indivedual Embodiment, but the disclosure is expected and contains all combinations of each embodiment.Additionally, It is not intended the details of structure shown herein as or design is existed to limit, and claims Except described in book.It addition, unless patentee additionally clearly and be clearly defined, otherwise Term in claims has the implication that it is usual, common.On it will therefore be apparent that The disclosed certain illustrative embodiment of literary composition can be altered or modified, and all these change All it is considered as being in the scope of the present disclosure and spirit.If this specification with can be with way of reference Deposit in word in the one or more patents being expressly incorporated herein or alternative document or the use of term In any conflict, then the definition consistent with this specification should be used.

Claims

1., for solidifiable compositions introduces the method in pit shaft, described method includes:

The solidifiable compositions comprising Pumex, hydrated lime, solidification retarder and water is provided；

Described solidifiable compositions is introduced in pit shaft；And

Described solidifiable compositions is made to keep static, wherein when at described pit shaft in described pit shaft In when being in static state, described solidifiable compositions be maintained at pumpable fluid state reach about 1 day or The longer time period.

2. the method for claim 1, wherein said draws described solidifiable compositions Enter in described pit shaft and at least some of of drilling fluid is replaced from subsurface formations.

3. method as claimed in claim 2, it also includes:

Cement composition is introduced in described pit shaft so that at least in part by described solidifiable group Compound is replaced from described subsurface formations；

Described cement composition is made to solidify in described pit shaft；And

Make being maintained in described pit shaft of described solidifiable compositions partially solidified.

4. the method for claim 1, wherein said solidifiable compositions is introduced into institute State so that described solidifiable compositions forms mire in the bottom of described pit shaft in pit shaft, and And wherein said method also includes:

Pipeline is placed into by the described solidifiable compositions shape in the described bottom of described pit shaft In the described mire become；And

Described solidifiable compositions is made to solidify in the annulus around described pipeline.

5. the method for claim 1, wherein said solidification retarder includes at least one Kind of retarder, described retarder selects the group that free the following forms: phosphonic acids, phosphonate derivative, Lignosulfonates, salt, organic acid, carboxy methylation hydroxyethylation cellulose, comprise sulphonic acid ester Base and the synthetic copolymer of carboxylic acid group or ter-polymers, borate compound and its any mixing Thing.

6. method as claimed in claim 5, wherein said solidifiable compositions comprises with existing There is solidification retarder another solidification retarder visibly different.

7. the method for claim 1, wherein said solidifiable compositions also comprises point Powder.

8. method as claimed in claim 7, wherein said dispersant includes at least one point Powder, the group of described dispersant choosing free the following composition: dispersant based on sulfonation formaldehyde, Polycarboxylic ether dispersant and its any combination.

9. the method for claim 1, wherein said solidification retarder comprises phosphonic acids and spreads out Biology, and wherein said solidifiable compositions also comprises polycarboxylic ether dispersant.

10. the method for claim 1, wherein said solidifiable compositions also comprise to Few one solidification activator, the group of described solidification activator choosing free the following composition: zeolite, Amine, silicate, IA race and Group IIA hydroxide, monovalent salt, divalent salts, nanometer two Silicon oxide, polyphosphate and a combination thereof.

11. the method for claim 1, wherein when being in static state in described pit shaft, When the fluid state that described solidifiable compositions is held at less than 70Bc reaches about 5 days or is longer Between section.

12. the method for claim 1, wherein keep static state to reach about in described pit shaft After 1 day or longer period, described solidifiable compositions has the resistance to compression of less than about 50psi Intensity and less than about 20lbs./ft.²Yield point.

13. 1 kinds for introducing the method in pit shaft, described method bag by solidifiable compositions Include:

Described solidifiable compositions is introduced in described pit shaft so that described solidifiable compositions Mire is formed in the bottom of described pit shaft；And

14. methods as claimed in claim 13, it also includes being placed into by described pipeline In the described mire that described solidifiable compositions in the described bottom of pit shaft is formed；And make institute State at least some of of solidifiable compositions to solidify in the annulus around described pipeline.

15. methods as claimed in claim 13, wherein said solidification retarder includes at least A kind of retarder, described retarder selects the group of free the following composition: phosphonic acids, phosphonic acids are derivative Thing, lignosulfonates, salt, organic acid, carboxy methylation hydroxyethylation cellulose, comprise sulphur Perester radical and the synthetic copolymer of carboxylic acid group or ter-polymers, borate compound and it is any Mixture.

16. methods as claimed in claim 13, wherein said solidifiable compositions also comprises At least one solidifies activator, and described solidification activator selects the group of free the following composition: boiling Stone, amine, silicate, IA race and Group IIA hydroxide, monovalent salt, divalent salts, receive Rice silicon dioxide, polyphosphate and a combination thereof.

17. methods as claimed in claim 13, wherein when being in static state in described pit shaft Time, the fluid state that described solidifiable compositions is held at less than 70Bc reaches about 5 days or longer Time period.

18. methods as claimed in claim 13, wherein keep static state to reach in described pit shaft After about 1 day or longer period, described solidifiable compositions has the anti-of less than about 50psi Compressive Strength and less than about 20lbs./ft.²Yield point.

19. 1 kinds of solidifiable compositions systems being used for solidifying sleeve pipe, comprising:

The wellbore casing being arranged in pit shaft；

Solidifiable compositions, described solidifiable compositions be used for being placed in described pit shaft and Can be held at less than when described pit shaft is in static state the fluid state of 70Bc reach about 1 day or The longer time period, wherein said solidifiable compositions comprises:

Water,

Pumex,

Hydrated lime, and

Solidification retarder；

The mixing apparatus of described solidifiable compositions can be mixed；And

Described solidifiable compositions can be pumped into the pumping equipment in described pit shaft.

20. systems as claimed in claim 19, wherein when being in static state in described pit shaft Time, the fluid state that described solidifiable compositions can be held at less than 70Bc reach about 5 days or The longer time period.