CN105929455B - A kind of apparatus and method of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection - Google Patents
A kind of apparatus and method of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application proposes the apparatus and method of a kind of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, and described device includes: emission electrode to and distributed capture station;Apart from described emission electrode to arranging described distributed capture station at the first predeterminable range;Described distributed capture station includes the multiple reception electrodes pair being arranged on a plurality of survey line, arrange on every survey line one receive electrode to or multiple reception electrode pair, described method includes: by distributed capture station obtain transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform be terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data;The described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the virtual geological data of underground any point;According to the geological data of described underground any point, descend objective body with country rock separating surface definitely.Application is strong, accuracy of data acquisition is high;It is obtained in that Fine structural interpretation section, explains the separating surface of buried target body and country rock intuitively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coalfield-hydrogeology and geophysics field, be specifically related to a kind of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional
The apparatus and method of detection.
Background technology
MTEM (Multi-channel Transient Electromagnetic Method, multichannel transient electromagnetic method)
It is originally envisaged that be dividing of the difference estimation underground natural gas reservoirs between the EM data by the different time acquisition of extraction same place
Cloth situation.
As it is shown in figure 1, schematic diagram is laid in the device field for the experiment of multichannel transient electromagnetic method.On figure, " point " represents test
In each position launching limit, " cross " represents the position of observation station.In test, system carries out array multi-components along survey line
Launching, many of array amount, multi-components are observed.The bipolar square wave of dutycycle 100% launched by transmitter, and emitter stage spacing is
250 meters, launch.In observation station position, receiver is used to carry out axial type or equator to formula observation electric field and perpendicular magnetic
, the electrode spacing of electric field observation is 125 meters.
MTEM operation principle is as shown in Figure 2.MTEM groundwork feature is: emission electrode pair is pointed to same with receiving electrode
Article one, on survey line, take the observation system of multicast.This device pattern compares close with seismic exploration data observed pattern,
Data processing method also with seismic prospecting basic simlarity, i.e. by common migrated section figure, a certain depth targets body under coming speculatively
Ground electrical information.
At the initial stage that MTEM method is tested, receive device record electric field level component, vertical component, and perpendicular magnetic
The parameters such as field derivative in time.Modeling Research and data processed result subsequently show, except electric field level component, other point
Amount does not reflect the more information of buried target body.Therefore, the later stage takes axial type work clothes as shown in Figure 2
Put.
MTEM method uses electric dipole source to carry out signal transmitting, uses electric dipole array to record MAGNETOTELLURIC RESPONSE ON, sends out
Penetrate source position and the offset distance received between electric dipole is generally 2 times of objective body degree of depth to 4 times of objective body degree of depth.Whole system
Move along survey line, until completing the data collection task of whole piece survey line.The peak value of the earth voltage response of each measuring point and the earth electricity
There is following approximate expression in values of resistivity and reception and transmission range:
Wherein, Δ xs,ΔxrBe respectively source electrode away from receive electrode spacing, I is source electric current, fsChanging frequency for source, r is
Offset distance, ρ is resistivity.As can be seen from the above equation, along with the increase of offset distance r, receiving the voltage signal obtained will drastically decline
Subtract, be difficult to when offset distance is bigger obtain the preferable signal of quality.Additionally, conventional method rises for complex geological structure, landform
When volt, it is unfavorable for finely detecting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the apparatus and method of a kind of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, utilizes geophysical method,
Complete the high 3-D data acquisition of precision, obtain Fine structural interpretation section.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of device of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, including: emission electrode to and distributed capture station;
Apart from described emission electrode to arranging described distributed capture station at the first predeterminable range;
Described distributed capture station includes the multiple reception electrodes pair being arranged on a plurality of survey line, and every survey line arranges one
Individual reception electrode to or multiple reception electrode pair.
Alternatively, the spacing of two electrodes of described emission electrode pair is the second predeterminable range.
Alternatively, the line of described emission electrode pair is parallel or vertical with the survey line at described distributed capture station.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention also provides for a kind of method of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, bag
Include:
The transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station is terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data;
The described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the virtual geological data of underground any point;
According to the geological data of described underground any point, descend objective body with country rock separating surface definitely.
Alternatively, the transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station is terrestrial virtual seismic wave field
Data include:
The transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station according to equation below is terrestrial virtual ground
Seismic wave field data:
Wherein, (x, y, z, be t) distributed capture station transient electromagnetic observation data to E, and U (x, y, z, τ) is void to be changed
Intending seismic wavefield data, t is the distributed capture station transient electromagnetic data time, and τ is the virtual seismic wavefield data time.
Alternatively, the described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the earthquake number of underground any point
According to including:
According to the described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained, utilize from ground to the method for underground recursion, it is thus achieved that ground
The virtual geological data of lower any point.
Alternatively, the described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that underground any point is virtually
Shake data include:
Geological data according to equation below acquisition underground any point:
Wherein, (x, y, z are t) that (x, y, z) the virtual seismic wavefield data value at place, t is observation to t underground any point to U
Time, n be any point (x, y, z) normal orientation at place,It it is the virtual seismic wave field at any point of earth's surface
Data value, Q0It is the measured zone on earth's surface,R be certain observational record point of ground to underground certain point distance.
Compared to the prior art the present invention, has the advantages that
Apparatus and method of the present invention, is modified to stereo observing system by conventional vision systems, and its application is higher, data
Acquisition precision is high;Conventional apparent resistivity processing method is modified to virtual seismic wave field interpretation technique, it is thus achieved that Fine structural interpretation section,
Explain the separating surface of buried target body and country rock intuitively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the arrangement of measuring-line schematic diagram of correlation technique;
Fig. 2 is the grounded source MTEM data acquisition modes schematic diagram of correlation technique;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the device of the multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the method for the multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the copper mine body Model schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 6 is the ore body model depth migration profile of the embodiment of the present invention one.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the goal of the invention of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect of greater clarity, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to this
Inventive embodiment illustrates, it should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, in embodiment in the application and embodiment
Feature can mutual combination in any.
As it is shown on figure 3, the embodiment of the present invention provides the device of a kind of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, including: send out
Radio extremely to and distributed capture station;
Apart from described emission electrode to arranging described distributed capture station at the first predeterminable range;
Described distributed capture station includes the multiple reception electrodes pair being arranged on a plurality of survey line, and every survey line arranges one
Individual reception electrode to or multiple reception electrode pair.
The spacing of two electrodes of described emission electrode pair is the second predeterminable range.
The line of described emission electrode pair is parallel or vertical with the survey line at described distributed capture station.
In implementation process, squeeze into emission electrode to apart from two positions of ground A, B of 1000---2000 rice, and use
Wire connects A, B 2 point, forms transmitting terminal, or the vertical direction face cloth transmitting terminal at AB.10--50A electricity is launched to underground
Stream, 500-1000V voltage, send coding figure place 1-4095 (2 of signal12-1) reference frequency < 10kHz of signal, is sent;Send
The dynamic range of signal is 160dB.
The a plurality of survey line of the certain position of range transmission end is laid simultaneously and receives device, at most can measure 1000 simultaneously
Road, is received signal, sample rate 64kHz simultaneously, the timing tracking accuracy 5 μ s launching and receiving.Primary emission is distributed to be adopted
Collection station receives simultaneously, can obtain the geological information of three-dimensional, advantageously in fine granularing scalability.This scheme can realize from earth's surface
The lifting that superficial part (500m) more finely detects to underground deep (2000m), reconnoitres to three-dimensional (3D) solid from two dimension (2D) section.
In the method that conventional apparent resistivity section is explained, the earth can be regarded as a linear time invariant system, by ground connection
The source signal of electrode emission regards system input as, received signal is regarded as system output signal, according to linear time invariant system
System characteristic, output signal is represented by:
ak(xs,xr, t)=s (xs,xr,t)*g(xs,xr,t)+n(xr,t)
In formula: xs,xrRepresent emission electrode respectively to the center with reception electrode pair, ak(xs,xr, t) represent output
Signal;s(xs,xr, t) represent the system response relevant with launching signal, reception and transmission range etc.;g(xs,xr, t) represent from geology
The earth impulse response of objective body;T express time time delay, n (xr, t) represent noise.
In order to preferably record the earth impulse response relevant with geologic body, when data acquisition and processing (DAP), have employed with
Under 3 guardian techniques: (1) measure induced voltage time, simultaneously measure send electric current, in order to obtain measurement system response;
(2) by the deconvolution to observation signal with system response, it is thus achieved that greatly impulse response;(3) by repeatedly superposition, noise is increased
Ratio.
According to the earth impulse response, calculate apparent resistivity value:
In formula: tpeakRepresent the peak value moment of the earth impulse response;R represents reception and transmission range;μ represents the pcrmeability of medium.
The earth impulse response is processed further, the section of 3 kinds of multi-forms can be obtained.(1) impulse response offsets altogether
Distance profile, greatly the peak value of impulse response is relevant with the resistivity of underground medium to peak value moment, by under same offset distance
Greatly impulse response is organized into common offset section, can reflect the ground electrical information of the same degree of depth in underground.(2) CMP regards electricity
Resistance rate section, the apparent resistivity defined according to formula (3), obtain the apparent resistivity of CMP----offset distance section.This cuts open
Reflection different measuring points resistivity in face is with the variation relation of the degree of depth.(3) concentrically point set 1D inverting section, by different offset distances
After the reverse simulation of lower pulse respond, it is thus achieved that the apparent resistivity of CMP---degree of depth two dimensional cross-section..
The embodiment of the present invention utilizes multiple tracks transient electromagnetic method acquisition mode, the present invention for metal copper mine means of interpretation with
Seismic prospecting is more similar, uses for reference the data processing technique of seismic prospecting.Electric current circulation way in the earth formation and seismic wave exist
Circulation way in same formation is different, first observation signal equivalency transform is become virtual seismic signal, explains.
As shown in Figure 4, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method of multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, including:
S101, the transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station are terrestrial virtual seismic wave number of fields
According to;
S102, the described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the virtual earthquake of underground any point
Data;
S103, geological data according to described underground any point descend the separating surface of objective body and country rock definitely.
S101 includes:
The transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station according to equation below is terrestrial virtual ground
Seismic wave field data:
Wherein, (x, y, z, be t) distributed capture station transient electromagnetic observation data to E, and U (x, y, z, τ) is void to be changed
Intending seismic wavefield data, t is the distributed capture station transient electromagnetic data time, and τ is the virtual seismic wavefield data time.
S102 includes:
According to the described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained, use from ground to the method for underground recursion, from ground
To underground back-extrapolate, it is thus achieved that the virtual geological data of underground any point.
Field in exploring due to transient electromagnetic is propagated with diffusion mode in underground, and the electromagnetic field that this diffusion mode is propagated exists
On objective body and the separating surface of country rock, not there is reflection and the character reflected, thus the separating surface of objective body with country rock is reflected not
Sensitive;And the field in seismic prospecting is propagated with wave in underground, the field that this form is propagated has reflection and the property of refraction
Matter, the separating surface reflection sensitivity to objective body with country rock.
If data Processing and Interpretation Technology ripe in seismic prospecting to be used for reference, must be converted by mathematic integral, will meet
The time domain transient electromagnetic field data equivalency transform of diffusion equation is the virtual wavefield data meeting wave equation, followed by ground
The formation method technology of some comparative maturities that earthquake centre grows up, solves the separating surface being visited objective body more intuitively.Empty
The physical significance intending seismic wavefield data is: the Equivalent Elasticity feature that electrical characteristics data real with buried target body is corresponding
Data.
Specifically, according to the virtual geological data of equation below acquisition underground any point:
Wherein, (x, y, z are t) that (x, y, z) the virtual seismic wavefield data value at place, t is observation to t underground any point to U
Time, n be any point (x, y, z) normal orientation at place,It it is the virtual seismic wave field at any point of earth's surface
Data value, Q0It is the measured zone on earth's surface,R be certain observational record point of ground to underground certain point distance.
According to this formula above, can be the virtual seismic data of arbitrfary point on groundWarp
Cross integral and calculating, integral domain Q0It is transient electromagnetic observation area, ground, obtains the virtual earthquake number of position, arbitrfary point, underground
According to U, (x, y, z, t), according to the virtual geological data of the arbitrfary point, underground of integration gained, can preferably judge buried target body
Electrical separating surface with country rock.
Embodiment
When certain survey district carries out transient electromagnetic work, its ore body buried depth is about 1000m, composes and is stored in Carboniferous System HUANGLONG
In group-group layer position, ship mountain, in like stratiform output, its occurrence is consistent with country rock with form.Ore body spread in the plane is wider, and
Change less in the degree of depth.Ore body is mainly made up of cupric skarns, cupriferous pyrite, cupric serpentinite, copper-bearing pyrrhotite etc..
The direct country rock in ore body chassis is unite under the Carboniferous System mountain, Koryo group rock and quartz diorite, based on horn stone siltstone.Ore body
Directly taking over a business rock is HUANGLONG group griotte, and top is the rocks such as Xi-Xia group griotte.Ore body simple structure, research degree is relatively
High.Having preferable electrical property feature difference between ore body and country rock, ore body itself has good electric conductivity, and the main table of country rock
It is now high resistant feature, is suitable for electromagnetic exploration.Early stage is through repeatedly exploring, it is thus achieved that ore body model (Fig. 5).
Country rock is according to being electrically divided into three layers, and ground floor resistivity is 1000 Ω m, and second layer resistivity is 500 Ω
M, substrate resistance rate is 5000 Ω m.Ground floor ore body resistivity value is 100 Ω m, along between ground floor and second layer country rock
Interface compose deposit, run through whole survey region;Second layer ore body is composed along the interface between the second layer and substrate and is deposited, and is mainly distributed
In the range of 300m--1100m.Two-layer orebody thickness is each about 50m--100m, is about 600m--along its extension moving towards direction
800m.Ore body has certain fluctuating, and the vertical characteristics scope of ground floor ore body is about between 300m--1000m, second layer ore deposit
Body is distributed between 800m--1000m.
According to described survey district copper mine ore body, carry out modelling and multiple tracks transient electromagnetic data forward modelling, then pressed
The method that the embodiment of the present invention proposes carries out seismic wavefield data conversion and process.Fig. 6 is the degree of depth after seismic processing
Migrated section, is analyzed according to figure it follows that (1) processing profiles has substantially reflected rising of electrical interface and two-layer ore body
Volt form.Reflexive property and the phase property of reflection line-ups according to virtual seismic wave field are it is inferred that Article 1 and
Article two, lineups correspond to the end face of ground floor ore body, bottom surface and first country rock aspect respectively, and Article 3 lineups correspond to
The end face of second layer ore body;(2) the model average resistivity value used is relatively big, due to the high resistance medium filtering to radio-frequency component
Acting on relatively weak, when the degree of depth is bigger, the radio-frequency component of wave field is still the abundantest, has higher resolution, for deeper
Second layer ore body end face still have significantly reflection;(3) less due to the laterally continuity scope of second layer ore body, its end face corresponding
The lineups amplitude in section both sides reduced.
Although disclosed embodiment is as above, but its content is only to facilitate understand the technical side of the present invention
Case and the embodiment that uses, be not intended to limit the present invention.Technical staff in any the technical field of the invention, not
On the premise of departing from disclosed core technology scheme, any amendment and change can be made in the form implemented and details
Change, but the protection domain that the present invention is limited, still must limit in the range of standard with appending claims.
Claims (2)
1. the device of a multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, it is characterised in that including: emission electrode is adopted with distributed
Collection station;
Apart from described emission electrode to arranging described distributed capture station at the first predeterminable range;
Described distributed capture station includes the multiple reception electrodes pair being arranged on a plurality of survey line, every survey line arranges one and connects
Receive electrode to or multiple reception electrode pair;
The spacing of two electrodes of described emission electrode pair is the second predeterminable range;
The line of described emission electrode pair is parallel or vertical with the survey line at described distributed capture station.
2. the method for a multichannel transient electromagnetic method three-dimensional detection, it is characterised in that including:
The transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station is terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data;
The described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the virtual geological data of underground any point;
According to the geological data of described underground any point, descend objective body with country rock separating surface definitely;
The transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station is that terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data includes:
The transient electromagnetic observation data equivalency transform obtained at distributed capture station according to equation below is terrestrial virtual seismic wave
Field data:
Wherein, E (x, y, z, t) be distributed capture station transient electromagnetic observation data, U (x, y, z, τ) for be changed virtually
Seismic wave field data, t is the distributed capture station transient electromagnetic data time, and τ is the virtual seismic wavefield data time;
The described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the geological data of underground any point includes:
According to the described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained, utilize from ground to the method for underground recursion, it is thus achieved that underground is appointed
The virtual geological data of a bit;
The described terrestrial virtual seismic wavefield data obtained by conversion, it is thus achieved that the virtual earthquake packet of underground any point includes:
Geological data according to equation below acquisition underground any point:
Wherein, (x, y, z are t) that (x, y, z) the virtual seismic wavefield data value at place, when t is observation to t underground any point to U
Between, n be any point (x, y, z) normal orientation at place,It it is the seismic wave number of fields virtually at any point of earth's surface
According to value, Q0It is the measured zone on earth's surface,R be certain observational record point of ground to underground certain point distance.
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CN106842343B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-05-31 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of grounded source transient electromagnetic electric field response imaging method |
CN109085653A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-25 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of detection method of geology of deep part, sulfide ore body resource |
CN111257954B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2022-04-05 | 长安大学 | Vehicle-mounted array type detection method and system based on feature inversion |
CN111694061B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2023-06-02 | 东华理工大学 | Multi-dipole source transmitting device applied to electromagnetic exploration |
CN111796330A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-20 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Time-frequency joint detection wave synthesis method and device and detection method |
CN112596108B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-08-23 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | AMT (automated mechanical Transmission) profile detection method, device and equipment |
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