CN105929384B - The joint low sidelobe Multibeam synthesis method of ring array reception is penetrated based on cross paroxysm - Google Patents
The joint low sidelobe Multibeam synthesis method of ring array reception is penetrated based on cross paroxysm Download PDFInfo
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- CN105929384B CN105929384B CN201610530385.1A CN201610530385A CN105929384B CN 105929384 B CN105929384 B CN 105929384B CN 201610530385 A CN201610530385 A CN 201610530385A CN 105929384 B CN105929384 B CN 105929384B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/52—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S15/00
- G01S7/523—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/524—Transmitters
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of joint low sidelobe Multibeam synthesis methods that ring array reception is penetrated based on cross paroxysm,It is related to array signal processing field,Cross emission array is formed using two orthogonal uniform straight line arrays,Uniform rings battle array is used as receiving array simultaneously,Combined Treatment is received by transmitting,Primary transmitting forms the multiple transmittings reception joint low sidelobe wave beam for being directed toward different direction,Emitting the multiple transmittings reception joint low sidelobe wave beam obtained after the completion several times can 0 °~360 ° range of uniform fold,It is of the invention to emit with traditional single array element of use,Multiple array element composition uniform rings battle arrays receive the method for carrying out active Multibeam synthesis and compare,It ensure that enough Multibeam synthesis efficiency,Multiple joint low sidelobe wave beams of 0 °~360 ° of covering are obtained using optimal method,The united beam that main lobe width is identical but secondary lobe is lower is obtained in the case where using reception element number of array identical and ensures enough Multibeam synthesis efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to array signal processing fields, especially Multibeam synthesis method.
Background technology
In the field of detecting such as radar, sonar, often emitted using single array element, multiple array elements composition uniform rings battle array receives
Active multiple-beam system (H.L.Van Trees, Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory,
Optimum Array Processing,Wiley Interscience,2002).By once emitting, repeatedly connect
Wave beam forming is received, which can obtain multiple wave beams of 0 °~360 ° ranges of uniform fold, and complete detection based on wave beam output
Etc. tasks.Compared with uniform straight line array, uniform rings battle array has the advantages that circumference is symmetrical, use it as receive battle array can be to avoid
Left and right string obscures, and the beam-width beams such as multiple can be formed in 0 °~360 °, but the shortcomings that beam side lobe can be brought excessively high,
The interference rejection capability of system is caused to decline.In the case where receiving battle array using uniform rings battle array, in order to obtain minimum secondary lobe,
C.A.Olen and R.T.Compton (C.A.Olen, R.T.Compton, A Numerical Pattern Synthesis
Algorithm for Arrays,IEEE Trans.Antennas Propagat.,1990,38(10):1666-1676) propose
Sidelobe control method based on adaptive iteration algorithm, can obtain the minimum secondary lobe under arbitrary main lobe width using this method
Wave beam, but calculation amount is larger.Later, B.K.Lau et al. (B.K.Lau, Y.H.Leung, A Dolph-Chebyshev
Approach to the Synthesis of Array Patterns for Uniform Circular Arrays,
Proc.IEEE Int.
Symp.Circuits Systems(ISCAS),2000,1:It 124-127) proposes suitable for uniform rings battle array
Dolph-Chebyshev beam synthesizing methods can be obtained in the case that calculation amount is smaller using this method
Same effect.
But the beam synthesizing method that C.A.Olen and B.K.Lau et al. are proposed has carried out wave only for ring array is received
Shu Youhua.To obtain multiple wave beams of more low sidelobe, it is necessary to be broadened with main lobe width or element number of array increases as cost.Cause
This, traditional active multiple-beam system is carried under the premise of constraint main lobe width is relatively narrow using C.A.Olen and B.K.Lau et al.
The beam synthesizing method gone out can not obtain ideal low sidelobe wave beam simultaneously.
Invention content
Emitted in traditional active multiple-beam system using single array element, multiple array elements composition uniform rings battle array is connect
It receives, by once emitting the multiple wave beams for repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming and obtaining 0 °~360 ° of uniform fold.In order to overcome existing skill
The deficiency of art solves the problems, such as that conventional method is difficult to obtain preferable low sidelobe wave beam under the premise of main lobe is relatively narrow, and the present invention carries
Go out and form cross emission array using two orthogonal uniform straight line arrays, while use uniform rings battle array as reception battle array
Row, by transmitting-reception Combined Treatment, multiple transmittings-reception joint that primary transmitting can form direction different direction is low
Secondary lobe wave beam, emit several times multiple transmittings for obtaining after the completion-reception joint low sidelobe wave beam can 0 ° of uniform fold~
360 ° of ranges.It can be obtained under the premise of not sacrificing main lobe width and not increasing reception element number of array using this method ideal
Low sidelobe wave beam, while ensure certain Multibeam synthesis efficiency.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems includes the following steps：
Step 1：According to design frequency fDDesign transmitting battle array and reception battle array parameter
The array of active Multibeam synthesis system emits battle array by a cross in the present invention and a uniform rings receive battle array
It forms, the two is located in two planes being mutually parallel, and the value range of the distance between two planes is λD~10 λD, wherein λD
=c/fD, it is design frequency fDUnder signal wavelength, c is signal velocity, and cross transmitting battle array and uniform rings receive both battle arrays
The line of geometric center is vertical with two planes, and cross transmitting battle array is made of orthogonal two M member uniform straight line arrays, two straight lines
During battle array is generally aligned in the same plane, geometric center overlaps, and the spacing of the adjacent array element of any two is d in two line arrayst, and λD
≤dt≤5λD, when M is odd number, an array element of two line array shared array center positions, when M is even number, two straight lines
For battle array without public array element, N members uniform rings receive the long d of circular arc between two array element of arbitrary neighborhood in battle arrayr=λD/2；
Step 2：The cross transmitting battle array and uniform rings designed using step 1 is received battle array and carries out emitting-receiving Combined Treatment
Transmitting terminal is once emitted in each Combined Treatment, and receiving terminal carries out repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming, repeatedly combines
Multiple joint low sidelobe wave beams of 0 °~360 ° of covering are obtained after the completion of processing：
In signal emission process, for cross transmitting battle array there are two types of radiation pattern, the first radiation pattern is two line arrays point
It is f not in different moments transmission center frequency valuesD, frequency range f1,1To f1,2Narrow-band ping, f1,1And f1,2Meet narrowband item
Part f1,2-f1,1＜ fD/ 10, second of radiation pattern is that two line arrays in cross transmitting battle array emit different narrow of frequency range simultaneously
Tape pulse signal, i.e., the transmitting signal center frequency of one line array is fD, frequency range f1,1To f1,2, the transmitting of another line array
The centre frequency of signal is fD', frequency range f2,1To f2,2, f2,1And f2,2Equally meet narrowband condition f2,1-f2,2＜ fD'/10, and
f2,1To f2,2And f1,1To f1,2Band limits do not overlap；
In two kinds of radiation patterns using cross emit battle array in two line arrays transmitting is weighted to signal, weight to
It measures and is
WhereinFor the azimuth of launching beam main lobe, λtFor transmitting signal center frequency under wavelength, m be more than or equal to
0 is less than or equal to the integer of M-1；During transmitting, line array 1 generate launching beam main lobe and graing lobe cover 45 °~135 ° and
225 °~315 °, line array 2 generate launching beam main lobe and graing lobe cover 0 °~45 °, 135 °~225 ° and 315 °~
360 °, if needing to obtain K united beam altogether to cover 0 °~360 °, then line array 1 and line array 2 respectively need to carry out J=
K/4I transmitting, wherein I are used for line array 1Weighing vector transmitting signal when, fall into launching beam 45 °~
The sum of number of main lobe and graing lobe in 135 °, in jth time transmitting, the azimuth of the launching beam main lobe of line array 1 isThe side of the launching beam main lobe of line array 2
Parallactic angle isWith reference to two kinds of the foregoing description
Radiation pattern, during using the first radiation pattern, transmitting terminal needs to carry out 2J time altogether to emit, and uses second of radiation pattern
When, transmitting terminal needs to carry out J transmitting altogether, and emitting times are reduced half by second of radiation pattern, if receiver has filter
Wave energy, using the first radiation pattern, otherwise using second of radiation pattern；
Every time after transmitting, receiving terminal carries out echo-signal repeatedly to receive Wave beam forming transmitting terminal, receives wave beam shape every time
Into main lobe be directed at the main lobe or graing lobe of this launching beam, for the echo-signal of line array 1, receive wave beam shape every time
Into main lobe be aligned 45 °~135 ° or 225 °~315 ° in a main lobe or graing lobe, it is each for the echo-signal of line array 2
Receive a transmitting main lobe or the graing lobe in 0 °~45 °, 135 °~225 ° or 315 °~360 ° of the main lobe alignment of Wave beam forming；When
When cross transmitting battle array uses the first radiation pattern, receiving terminal directly carries out echo-signal to receive Wave beam forming processing, when ten
When word transmitting battle array uses second of radiation pattern, receiving terminal is first filtered echo-signal, then receive at Wave beam forming
Reason in Wave beam forming is received every time, optimizes the weights in uniform rings battle array using beam optimizing techniques, makes joint wave
The secondary lobe of beam is minimum, after J times or 2J times transmitting-reception Combined Treatment, you can obtains multiple low sidelobes of 0 °~360 ° of covering
United beam completes the Multibeam synthesis to 0 °~360 ° directions；
The detailed step optimized using beam optimizing techniques to the weights in uniform rings battle array described in step 2 is such as
Under：
The weighting coefficient that receiving terminal receive Wave beam forming is obtained by solution optimization problem, if what certain transmitting obtained
Wave beam receptance function is Represent azimuth, the position that main lobe and graing lobe occur in launching beam figure isThen receiving terminal carries out repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming, and wherein kth time receives the main lobe pair of Wave beam forming
Standard appears inThe main lobe or graing lobe at place, if the weighting coefficient that kth time receives Wave beam forming is wk, then kth is secondary receives wave beam shape
Reception wave beam receptance function into acquisition is
Wherein, subscriptHRepresent conjugate transposition,Array manifold for uniform rings battle array is vectorial, in xoy planes
Coordinate origin is reference point,For
Wherein k=2 π/λrFor wave number, λrTo receive the centre frequency of signal, R is the radius of uniform rings battle array,It is i-th
The azimuth of a array element, receiving terminal kth time receive transmitting-reception united beam receptance function that Wave beam forming obtains and are
Secondary lobe to make united beam figure is minimum, wkIt can be obtained by solving following optimization problem
BW in formulaSLFor main lobe width, w is being solvedkWhen select BWSLWithLocate the zero width BW of main lobe or graing lobe0kPhase
Together.
Advantageous effect in the present invention is that array element single with traditional use emits, multiple array elements composition uniform rings battle array connects
The method for takeing in capable active Multibeam synthesis is compared, and cross transmitting battle array weighting hair is formed using two uniform straight line arrays in transmitting terminal
Signal is penetrated, the multiple main lobes and graing lobe of 0 °~360 ° of covering is obtained, ensure that enough Multibeam synthesis efficiency；Make in receiving terminal
With uniform rings battle array receives echo-signal, multiple Wave beam forming processing is carried out to emitting the echo-signal for receiving and obtaining every time, often
The secondary main lobe or graing lobe for receiving Wave beam forming alignment launching beam, the more of 0 °~360 ° of covering are obtained using optimal method
A joint low sidelobe wave beam；The array structure that the present invention is formed using cross transmitting battle array and uniform rings battle array, is using reception battle array
The united beam that main lobe width is identical but secondary lobe is lower is obtained in the case that first number is identical and ensures enough Multibeam synthesis
Efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is M=3 of the present invention, dt=2 λD, the structure diagram of N=16 arrays.
Fig. 2 is M=2 of the present invention, dt=4 λD, the structure diagram of N=16 arrays.
Fig. 3 is the main flow of steps involved in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is receiving end signal process chart of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the transmitting flow chart of the first radiation pattern of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the transmitting flow chart of second of radiation pattern of the invention；
Fig. 7 is multiple united beam figures that the present invention carries out the echo of the transmitting signal of line array 1 processing acquisition；
Fig. 8 is multiple united beam figures that the present invention carries out the echo of the transmitting signal of line array 2 processing acquisition；
Fig. 9 is using the identical beam pattern for receiving array number and conventional method being utilized to obtain.
Wherein, in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2For azimuth.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The present invention the main contents include：
1) it proposes and the array structure that battle array and uniform rings reception battle array are formed is emitted by cross.
2) for the array structure of proposition, it is proposed that transmitting battle array and the working method for receiving battle array Combined Treatment.During work, hair
Penetrate battle array and receive battle array repeatedly emitted-receive Combined Treatment, using optimal method, obtain the multiple of 0 °~360 ° of covering
Low sidelobe united beam.
By Computerized Numerical Simulation, transmitting proposed by the invention-reception joint multiple-beam system is examined
It tests, demonstrates the low sidelobe performance that the transmitting proposed in the present invention receives joint multiple-beam system.
By taking typical underwater active Multibeam synthesis process as an example, the embodiment of the present invention is provided.Embodiment utilizes
Computer carries out numerical simulation, to verify the effect of active Multibeam synthesis method in the present invention.
Step 1：According to design frequency fDDesign transmitting battle array and reception battle array parameter
The array of active Multibeam synthesis system emits battle array by a cross in the present invention and a uniform rings receive battle array
It forms, the two is located in two planes being mutually parallel, and the value range of the distance between two planes is λD~10 λD, wherein λD
=c/fD, it is design frequency fDUnder signal wavelength, c is signal velocity, and cross transmitting battle array and uniform rings receive both battle arrays
The line of geometric center is vertical with two planes, and cross transmitting battle array is made of orthogonal two M member uniform straight line arrays, two straight lines
During battle array is generally aligned in the same plane, geometric center overlaps, and the spacing of the adjacent array element of any two is d in two line arrayst, and λD
≤dt≤5λD, when M is odd number, an array element of two line array shared array center positions, when M is even number, two straight lines
For battle array without public array element, N members uniform rings receive the long d of circular arc between two array element of arbitrary neighborhood in battle arrayr=λD/2；
If transmitting signal is sound wave, underwater spread speed is 1500 meter per seconds, and Array Design frequency is
fD=5000Hz.Transmitting battle array is made of two orthogonal M members uniform straight line arrays, two M member uniform straight line arrays
It is located in x-axis and y-axis respectively, individually below title line array 1 and line array 2, the array element spacing d in line array 1 and line array 2t
=2 λD=0.6m, reception battle array are N member uniform rings battle arrays, the long d of circular arc between two array element of arbitrary neighborhoodr=λD/ 2=0.15m.Emit battle array
It is located in the plane of z=0m and z=0.5m respectively with battle array is received.By taking M=2, N=16 and M=3, N=16 as an example, when M=3, is straight
An array element at 2 shared array center of linear array 1 and line array, two line arrays do not have public array element during M=2.Two kinds of array junctions
Respectively as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, wherein open circles represent transmitting array element to the schematic diagram of structure, and filled circles, which represent, receives array element,For side
Parallactic angle selects the array structure of M=3, N=16 in Computer Simulation.
Step 2：The cross transmitting battle array and annulus designed using step 1 is received battle array and carries out emitting-receiving Combined Treatment
Transmitting terminal is once emitted in each Combined Treatment, and receiving terminal carries out repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming, repeatedly combines
Multiple joint low sidelobe wave beams of 0 °~360 ° of covering are obtained after the completion of processing：
In signal emission process, for cross transmitting battle array there are two types of radiation pattern, the first radiation pattern is two line arrays point
It is f not in different moments transmission center frequency valuesD, frequency range f1,1To f1,2Narrow-band ping, f1,1And f1,2Meet narrowband item
Part f1,2-f1,1＜ fD/ 10, second of radiation pattern is that two line arrays in cross transmitting battle array emit different narrow of frequency range simultaneously
Tape pulse signal, i.e., the transmitting signal center frequency of one line array is fD, frequency range f1,1To f1,2, the transmitting of another line array
The centre frequency of signal is fD', frequency range f2,1To f2,2, f2,1And f2,2Equally meet narrowband condition f2,1-f2,2＜ fD'/10, and
f2,1To f2,2And f1,1To f1,2Band limits do not overlap；
In two kinds of radiation patterns using cross emit battle array in two line arrays transmitting is weighted to signal, weight to
It measures and is
WhereinFor the azimuth of launching beam main lobe, λtFor transmitting signal center frequency under wavelength, m be more than or equal to
0 is less than or equal to the integer of M-1；During transmitting, line array 1 generate launching beam main lobe and graing lobe cover 45 °~135 ° and
225 °~315 °, line array 2 generate launching beam main lobe and graing lobe cover 0 °~45 °, 135 °~225 ° and 315 °~
360 °, if needing to obtain K united beam altogether to cover 0 °~360 °, then line array 1 and line array 2 respectively need to carry out J=
K/4I transmitting, wherein I are used for line array 1Weighing vector transmitting signal when, fall into launching beam 45 °~
The sum of number of main lobe and graing lobe in 135 °, in jth time transmitting, the azimuth of the launching beam main lobe of line array 1 isThe orientation of the launching beam main lobe of line array 2
Angle isWith reference to two kinds of hairs of the foregoing description
Mode is penetrated, during using the first radiation pattern, transmitting terminal needs to carry out 2J time altogether to emit, during using second of radiation pattern,
Transmitting terminal needs to carry out J transmitting altogether, and emitting times are reduced half by second of radiation pattern, but emit flow and receiving terminal
Process flow is more complicated, if receiver has filter function in actual use, using the first radiation pattern, otherwise uses the
Two kinds of radiation patterns；
Fig. 4 is receiving end signal process chart of the present invention, and for transmitting terminal every time after transmitting, receiving terminal carries out echo-signal
Wave beam forming is repeatedly received, the main lobe for receiving Wave beam forming every time is directed at a main lobe or graing lobe for this launching beam, for
The echo-signal of line array 1 receives a main lobe in 45 °~135 ° or 225 °~315 ° of the main lobe alignment of Wave beam forming every time
Or graing lobe, for line array 2 echo-signal receive every time Wave beam forming main lobe be aligned 0 °~45 °, 135 °~225 ° or
A transmitting main lobe or graing lobe in 315 °~360 °；When cross transmitting battle array uses the first radiation pattern, receiving terminal is direct
Echo-signal is carried out to receive Wave beam forming processing, when cross transmitting battle array uses second of radiation pattern, receiving terminal is first to returning
Wave signal is filtered, then carries out receiving Wave beam forming processing, in Wave beam forming is received every time, uses beam optimizing techniques pair
Weights in uniform rings battle array optimize, and the secondary lobe for making united beam is minimum, in J times or 2J times transmitting-reception Combined Treatment
Afterwards, you can obtain multiple low sidelobe united beams of 0 °~360 ° of covering, complete the Multibeam synthesis to 0 °~360 ° directions.
Primary transmitting is carried out in each transmitting-reception Combined Treatment and repeatedly receives Wave beam forming, receives Wave beam forming every time
Main lobe alignment launching beam a main lobe or graing lobe, obtain after multiple Combined Treatment and cover 0 °~360 ° of multiple low sidelobes
Wave beam；
The M=3, d designed using step 1t=2 λDEmission array, hair is weighted to signal using two kinds of radiation patterns
It penetrates, to the rounding of main lobe azimuth when constructing weighing vector.In the first radiation pattern, transmitting signal is set as with fDCentered on
Frequency bandwidth is the narrow-band impulse of 100Hz, i.e., frequency range is 4950Hz~5050Hz, pulse length T=0.5s.Make first
4 transmittings are carried out with line array 1, the main lobe azimuth of 4 transmittings is respectively 90 °, 83 °, 76 ° and 69 °, right according to formula (1)
Signal is sent into corresponding each array element and is emitted after being weighted.Line array 2 is used instead after the completion of the transmitting of line array 1 to be sent out
It penetrates, emits and equally carry out 4 times, the main lobe azimuth emitted every time is 180 °, 173 °, 166 ° and 159 °, also according to formula (1)
Each array element is sent into after being weighted to be emitted.The transmitting flow chart of the first radiation pattern is as shown in Figure 5.In second of hair
It penetrates in mode, emits the different pulse signal of frequency range simultaneously with line array 2 using line array 1.Array parameter is still according to f at this timeD
=5000Hz is set, i.e. dt=2 λD=0.6m is constant, sets the transmitting signal of line array 1 as with fDCentered on frequency bandwidth be
The narrow-band impulse of 100Hz, i.e. frequency range are 4950Hz~5050Hz, and the transmitting signal of line array 2 is centered on 4900Hz
Frequency bandwidth is the narrow-band impulse of 100Hz, i.e. frequency range is 4850Hz~4950Hz, and pulse length T is 0.5s.Hair every time
The main lobe azimuth for penetrating two transmitting battle arrays is (90 °, 180 °), (83 °, 173 °), (76 °, 166 °) and (69 °, 159 °), is emitted every time
Two kinds of weightings are carried out to signal according to formula (1), line array 1 and line array 2 is respectively fed to, is carried out at the same time transmitting.Because of two transmittings
An array element at battle array shared array geometric center, the transmitting signal of the public array element is the superposition of the signal of two kinds of frequencies.The
The transmitting flow chart of two kinds of radiation patterns is as shown in Figure 6.Second of signal radiation pattern is selected in Computer Simulation.
Echo-signal is received, filtered and is repeatedly received at Wave beam forming using reception battle array after the completion of transmitting every time
Reason wherein receiving a main lobe or graing lobe for the main lobe alignment launching beam of Wave beam forming every time, receives the weighting of Wave beam forming
Vector is obtained by solving (5).The signal processing flow of receiving terminal is as shown in Figure 3.Using Computer Simulation to line array 1 and straight line
The transmitting signal echo of battle array 2 carries out repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming, and multiple united beams difference of acquisition is as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8.
48 can be obtained altogether by carrying out reception Wave beam forming to the echo-signal of 4 transmittings it can be seen from Fig. 7 and Fig. 8
United beam, 0 °~360 ° directions of these united beam uniform folds, and side lobe levels are relatively low, highest only has -17.23dB.To Fig. 7
Show that the method proposed in the present invention effectively can carry out the more waves of low sidelobe to 0 °~360 ° orientation with the analysis result of Fig. 8
Beam forms and ensures enough Multibeam synthesis efficiency.
For more of the invention and conventional method performance difference, now emit more array element composition uniform rings battle arrays using single array element
The conventional method of reception carries out active Multibeam synthesis.In conventional methods where, using it is single transmitting array element transmitting 4850Hz~
The narrow-band impulse of 4950Hz is received using 16 yuan of uniform rings battle arrays.The parameter for receiving uniform rings battle array remains unchanged, array element
Between the long d of circular arcr=λD/ 2=0.15m.Using the main lobe width of Dolph-Chebyshev snow husband's method fixed beams with using this
The main lobe width for inventing the united beam obtained is identical, obtains multiple direction different directions and main lobe width and side lobe levels are all identical
Wave beam.The beam pattern for being wherein directed toward 180 ° of direction wave beams is as shown in Figure 9.As seen from Figure 9, it is obtained using conventional method
The side lobe levels of wave beam are higher, about -2.436dB.Compare using the present invention and the wave beam obtained using conventional method it is found that using
The side lobe levels of wave beam can be greatly reduced in the present invention under the premise of not sacrificing main lobe width and not increasing reception array element.In addition,
It is respectively necessary for carrying out 1 time and 4 times transmitting, therefore the present invention is also equipped with enough Multibeam synthesis using conventional method and the present invention
Efficiency.
The basic principle of the present invention have passed through theory deduction, and embodiment have passed through the verification of Computerized Numerical Simulation,
The result shows that 0 °~360 ° low sidelobe active Multibeam synthesis can be effectively performed in method proposed by the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. joint low sidelobe Multibeam synthesis method that ring array reception is penetrated based on cross paroxysm, it is characterised in that including under State step：Step 1：According to design frequency fDDesign transmitting battle array and reception battle array parameterThe array of active Multibeam synthesis system emits battle array by a cross and a uniform rings receive battle array and form, and the two is located at In two planes being mutually parallel, the value range of the distance between two planes is λD~10 λD, wherein λD=c/fD, for design Frequency fDUnder signal wavelength, c is signal velocity, and cross transmitting battle array and uniform rings receive the company of both battle arrays geometric center Line is vertical with two planes, and cross transmitting battle array is made of orthogonal two M member uniform straight line arrays, and two line arrays are located at same flat In face, geometric center overlaps, and the spacing of the adjacent array element of any two is d in two line arrayst, and λD≤dt≤5λD, work as M During for odd number, an array element of two line array shared array center positions, when M is even number, two line arrays do not have public battle array Member, N members uniform rings receive the long d of circular arc between two array element of arbitrary neighborhood in battle arrayr=λD/2；Step 2：The cross transmitting battle array and uniform rings designed using step 1 is received battle array and carries out emitting-receiving Combined TreatmentTransmitting terminal is once emitted in each Combined Treatment, and receiving terminal carries out repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming, multiple Combined Treatment Multiple joint low sidelobe wave beams of 0 °~360 ° of covering are obtained after the completion：In signal emission process, there are two types of radiation patterns for cross transmitting battle array, the first radiation pattern is that two line arrays exist respectively Different moments transmission center frequency values are fD, frequency range f1,1To f1,2Narrow-band ping, f1,1And f1,2Meet narrowband condition f1,2-f1,1＜ fD/ 10, second of radiation pattern is that two line arrays in cross transmitting battle array emit the different narrowband of frequency range simultaneously Pulse signal, i.e., the transmitting signal center frequency of one line array is fD, frequency range f1,1To f1,2, the transmitting letter of another line array Number centre frequency be fD', frequency range f2,1To f2,2, f2,1And f2,2Equally meet narrowband condition f2,1-f2,2＜ fD'/10, and f2,1 To f2,2And f1,1To f1,2Band limits do not overlap；Emit two line arrays in battle array using cross in two kinds of radiation patterns and transmitting is weighted to signal, weighing vector isWhereinFor the azimuth of launching beam main lobe, λtFor the wavelength under transmitting signal center frequency, m is is less than more than or equal to 0 Integer equal to M-1；During transmitting, line array 1 generate launching beam main lobe and graing lobe cover 45 °~135 ° and 225 °~ 315 °, the main lobe and graing lobe of the launching beam that line array 2 generates cover 0 °~45 °, 135 °~225 ° and 315 °~360 °, if one It needs to obtain K united beam altogether to cover 0 °~360 °, then line array 1 and line array 2 respectively need to carry out J=K/4I hair It penetrates, wherein I is used for line array 1Weighing vector transmitting signal when, fall into launching beam 45 °~ The sum of number of main lobe and graing lobe in 135 °, in jth time transmitting, the azimuth of the launching beam main lobe of line array 1 isThe side of the launching beam main lobe of line array 2 Parallactic angle isWith reference to two kinds of hairs of the foregoing description Mode is penetrated, during using the first radiation pattern, transmitting terminal needs to carry out 2J time altogether to emit, during using second of radiation pattern, Transmitting terminal needs to carry out J transmitting altogether, and emitting times are reduced half by second of radiation pattern, if receiver has filtering work( Can, using the first radiation pattern, otherwise using second of radiation pattern；Every time after transmitting, receiving terminal carries out echo-signal repeatedly to receive Wave beam forming transmitting terminal, receives Wave beam forming every time Main lobe is directed at a main lobe or graing lobe for this launching beam, for the echo-signal of line array 1, receives Wave beam forming every time Main lobe is directed at a main lobe or graing lobe in 45 °~135 ° or 225 °~315 °, is received every time for the echo-signal of line array 2 The main lobe of Wave beam forming is directed at a transmitting main lobe or graing lobe in 0 °~45 °, 135 °~225 ° or 315 °~360 °；Work as cross When emitting battle array using the first radiation pattern, receiving terminal directly carries out echo-signal to receive Wave beam forming processing, when cross is sent out When penetrating battle array using second of radiation pattern, receiving terminal is first filtered echo-signal, then carries out receiving Wave beam forming processing, It receives in Wave beam forming every time, the weights in uniform rings battle array is optimized using beam optimizing techniques, make united beam Secondary lobe is minimum, after J times or 2J times transmitting-reception Combined Treatment, you can obtains multiple low sidelobes joint of 0 °~360 ° of covering Wave beam completes the Multibeam synthesis to 0 °~360 ° directions；The detailed step optimized using beam optimizing techniques to the weights in uniform rings battle array described in step 2 is as follows：The weighting coefficient that receiving terminal receive Wave beam forming is obtained by solution optimization problem, if certain transmitting obtains Wave beam receptance function be Represent azimuth, the position that main lobe and graing lobe occur in launching beam figure isThen receiving terminal carries out repeatedly receiving Wave beam forming, and wherein kth time receives the main lobe pair of Wave beam forming Standard appears inThe main lobe or graing lobe at place, if the weighting coefficient that kth time receives Wave beam forming is wk, then kth is secondary receives wave beam shape Reception wave beam receptance function into acquisition isWherein, subscriptHRepresent conjugate transposition,Array manifold for uniform rings battle array is vectorial, with the coordinate in xoy planes Origin is reference point,ForWherein k=2 π/λrFor wave number, λrTo receive the centre frequency of signal, R is the radius of uniform rings battle array,It is i-th gust The azimuth of member, receiving terminal kth time receive transmitting-reception united beam receptance function that Wave beam forming obtains and areSecondary lobe to make united beam figure is minimum, wkIt can be obtained by solving following optimization problemBW in formulaSLFor main lobe width, w is being solvedkWhen select BWSLWithLocate the zero width BW of main lobe or graing lobe0kIt is identical.
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