CN105929164B - 一种肺癌筛查试剂盒 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种肺癌筛查试剂盒,它包括任选的用于检测p‑LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂。本发明还公开了检测p‑LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂在制备肺癌筛查用试剂中的用途。本发明试剂盒通过检测p‑LCK蛋白的表达水平,可以判断待检者患肺癌的风险,可用于临床肺癌的辅助诊断,为患者采取相关的治疗措施或者决策提供有效的依据,临床应用前景良好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种肺癌筛查试剂盒。
背景技术
肺癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率和死亡率呈逐年上升趋势,目前发病率居世界首位,严重威胁着人类健康和生命。
肺癌的病因复杂,一般认为影响因素包括:①吸烟;②环境污染:如雾霾、室内装修;③不良生活方式:如饮食习惯差、生活压力大;④慢性肺部疾病:如肺结核、尘肺,矽肺、慢性支气管炎;⑤人体内在因素:如家族遗传、免疫机能降低、内分泌功能失调等。
同时,肺癌是一种善于隐匿的疾病,经常在疾病发展到晚期才表现出临床症状,70~80%的肺癌患者在诊断出患有肺癌症状时已是中、晚期,癌细胞已经扩散,错过了最佳治愈时机,五年生存率低。对于早期的肺癌患者,经过及时治疗可大大提高患者的5年及以上生存率和生存质量。因此肺癌的早期诊断和进行有效的筛查至关重要。
肺癌的筛查,是指对那些没有肺癌相关症状的人群进行常规体检,在出现症状前及时发现肺癌。如果可以找到肺癌分子标志物,用于提示临床医生早期对患者采取相关的治疗措施或者决策具有重要的意义。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,发明人对肺癌进行了详细研究,发现了磷酸化LCK(phosphorylated LCK,p-LCK)蛋白可以作为其分子标志物。其中,p-LCK蛋白在肺组织中的表达水平与肺癌呈正相关。因此,通过检测肺组织中p-LCK蛋白的表达水平,可以预测待检者患肺癌的风险。
据此,本发明提供了一种肺癌筛查试剂盒,以及检测p-LCK蛋白的表达水平的试剂在制备肺癌筛查试剂中的用途。
本发明的肺癌筛查试剂盒,它包括任选的用于检测p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂。
其中,所述试剂是用于检测肺组织中p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂。
其中,所述检测p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂为免疫组化检测方法用试剂。
其中,所述检测p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂为Western Blot或ELISA检测方法用试剂。
本发明还提供了检测p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂在制备肺癌筛查用试剂中的用途。
其中,所述试剂是用于检测肺组织中p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂。
其中,所述检测p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂为免疫组化检测方法用试剂。
其中,所述检测p-LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂为Western Blot或ELISA检测方法用试剂。
LCK(lymphocyte cell-specific protein-tyrosine kinase),中文名称为淋巴细胞特异性蛋白酪氨酸激酶,是Src激酶家族成员之一,存在于T淋巴细胞及其它一些非T淋巴细胞内,参与信号转导过程中蛋白质分子的磷酸化过程,是细胞信号转导过程中的关键信号转导分子之一。
目前,关于LCK与肺癌关系的研究见Skrzypski M等的文献,Main histologictypes of non-small-cell lung cancer differ in expression of prognosis-relatedgenes,Clin Lung Cancer,2013,14:666-673,文献中指出,LCK mRNA在非小细胞肺癌组织与正常组织中的含量没有显著性差异。因此,根据现有文献,检测肺癌可疑组织中的LCK蛋白水平无法达到筛查肺癌的效果。而且现有文献未公开p-LCK蛋白在肺癌组织与正常对照的表达水平情况。
本发明试剂盒通过检测肺异常者的肺部异常部位与正常部位的p-LCK蛋白表达水平,可以判断肺异常者的p-LCK蛋白表达水平差异,进而判断待检者患肺癌的风险:若p-LCK蛋白的表达水平高,则患肺癌的风险高,若p-LCK蛋白的表达水平低,则患肺癌的风险低,可用于临床肺癌的辅助诊断,临床应用前景良好。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
实施例1 p-LCK表达水平与肺癌的关系
一、实验方法
1、临床资料
选取肺癌患者石蜡切片30例,远端对照20例(指肺癌患者的远端正常肺组织石蜡切片,距离癌组织5cm),基本信息见表1。
表1 临床基本信息
*注:其他包括大细胞癌、腺鳞癌、小细胞癌。
2、p-LCK表达水平的检测
对肺癌患者石蜡切片、远端组织对照石蜡切片,进行以P-LCK为指标的免疫组化(IHC)。
p-LCK抗体:购自美国affinity公司,货号AF3100;
EnVisionTM HRP二抗、抗体稀释液、DAB显色剂、抗原修复液、Wash Buffer、免疫组化笔:均购自丹麦Dako公司。
按照如下方法检测p-LCK的表达水平:
(1)封闭过氧化物酶:取石蜡切片进行脱蜡,脱蜡至水化(脱蜡过程如下:二甲苯Ⅰ10min→二甲苯Ⅱ10min→无水乙醇5min→95%乙醇5min→85%乙醇5min→75%乙醇5min)后,用3%H2O2溶液于暗处封闭内源性过氧化物酶,室温孵育15min;
(2)蒸馏水漂洗:切片置于蒸馏水中,摇床上洗5min/次,共三次;
(3)抗原修复:加入pH 8.0的Tris-EDTA或pH 6.0的柠檬酸钠溶液,在95℃水浴锅中水浴50min,进行抗原修复;
(4)蒸馏水漂洗:取出切片,自然冷却至室温后,用蒸馏水洗三遍,再用WashBuffer润洗一次;
(5)孵育一抗:用免疫组化笔将组织圈住,在圈内滴加P-LCK抗体液(为p-LCK抗体与抗体稀释液混合配制,二者比例为1:100),4℃孵育过夜;
(6)蒸馏水漂洗:用蒸馏水洗三遍,Wash Buffer润洗一次;
(7)滴加二抗:滴加Dako HRP标记的二抗工作液(为HRP二抗与抗体稀释液混合配制,二者为1:1混合),室温孵育60min;
(8)蒸馏水漂洗:蒸馏水洗3次,每次5min;
(9)DAB显色:滴加显色底物DAB,在显微镜下观察显色情况,于蒸馏水中终止反应;
(10)苏木素复染:将切片放入苏木素染液中染色2min,1%盐酸酒精分化后,流水冲洗10min;
(11)脱水透明:经80%、95%、100%梯度酒精脱水、二甲苯透明,于通风厨中干燥;
(12)封片:用中性快干胶封片,在光学显微镜下观察,DP Controller图像采集系统采图。采图后,根据肺癌患者和远端组织的肿瘤细胞染色强度及阳性面积给予免疫组化评分。
3、免疫组化评分标准
肿瘤细胞染色强度*肿瘤细胞阳性面积=0-9分,
结果统计:阴性:0分;低度阳性:1-3分;高度阳性>3分。
其中,肿瘤细胞染色强度、阳性面积的评分如下:
@
注:由两名经验丰富的病理医生独立对肿瘤细胞染色强度结果进行评分
4、结果分析
采用SPSS17.0肺癌组织组和远端组织对照组进行统计学分析。
二、实验结果
肺癌组织与远端组织对照中p-LCK的表达水平检测结果见表2。
表2 p-LCK的表达水平
由表2可见,远端正常组织中p-LCK的阳性表达率为60%,高度阳性表达率为0;肺癌组织中的p-LCK阳性表达率为86.7%,高度阳性表达率为53.3%;p-LCK在肺癌组织中显著升高,与远端正常组织相比,p-LCK表达水平差异具有统计学意义(P<0.0001)。
由以上结果可以看出,与癌旁正常肺组织相比,肺癌组织的p-LCK表达水平显著升高(P<0.0001),说明肺癌与p-LCK表达水平呈正相关,p-LCK的高表达会显著提高患肺癌的可能性。由于癌旁正常肺组织的p-LCK水平可反映正常人肺组织的p-LCK水平,因此,可以通过检测待检者的p-LCK的表达水平,将肺癌的易感人群筛查出来。
实施例2 本发明检测p-LCK表达水平的试剂盒组成及其使用方法
一、免疫组化检测试剂盒的组成
检测试剂盒(50人份):
组分 | 体积 |
p-LCK抗体 | 30μl |
EnVisionTM HRP二抗 | 100μl |
抗体稀释液 | 10ml |
DAB显色剂 | 10ml |
抗原修复液 | 500ml |
Wash Buffer* | 500ml |
免疫组化笔 | 1支 |
注:本试剂盒按每张切片滴加各类实验试剂为100μl计,具体用量可根据组织大小适当增减;Wash Buffer*可重复使用2-3次。
二、试剂盒的使用方法
将待检样本肺组织,制备石蜡切片,作为检测标本,按照如下方法检测p-LCK的表达水平:
(1)封闭过氧化物酶:取石蜡切片进行脱蜡,脱蜡至水化(脱蜡过程如下:二甲苯Ⅰ10min→二甲苯Ⅱ10min→无水乙醇5min→95%乙醇5min→85%乙醇5min→75%乙醇5min)后,用3%H2O2溶液于暗处封闭内源性过氧化物酶,室温孵育15min;
(2)蒸馏水漂洗:切片置于蒸馏水中,摇床上洗5min/次,共三次;
(3)抗原修复:加入pH 8.0的Tris-EDTA或pH 6.0的柠檬酸钠溶液,在95℃水浴锅中水浴50min,进行抗原修复;
(4)蒸馏水漂洗:取出切片,自然冷却至室温后,用蒸馏水洗三遍,再用WashBuffer润洗一次;
(5)孵育一抗:用免疫组化笔将组织圈住,在圈内滴加P-LCK抗体液(为p-LCK抗体与抗体稀释液混合配制,二者比例为1:100),4℃孵育过夜;
(6)蒸馏水漂洗:用蒸馏水洗三遍,Wash Buffer润洗一次;
(7)滴加二抗:滴加Dako HRP标记的二抗工作液(为HRP二抗与抗体稀释液混合配制,二者为1:1混合),室温孵育60min;
(8)蒸馏水漂洗:蒸馏水洗3次,每次5min;
(9)DAB显色:滴加显色底物DAB,在显微镜下观察显色情况,于蒸馏水中终止反应;
(10)苏木素复染:将切片放入苏木素染液中染色2min,1%盐酸酒精分化后,流水冲洗10min;
(11)脱水透明:经80%、95%、100%梯度酒精脱水、二甲苯透明,于通风厨中干燥;
(12)封片:用中性快干胶封片,在光学显微镜下观察,DP Controller图像采集系统采图。采图后,根据肺癌患者和远端组织的肿瘤细胞染色强度及阳性面积给予免疫组化评分。
对肺部异常者,可分别取异常部位、正常部位组织,比较p-LCK表达水平,进而评价其患肺癌的可能性,作为临床肺癌的辅助诊断手段。
综上,本发明试剂盒通过检测p-LCK的表达水平,可以判断肺异常者的肺部异常部位与正常部位的的p-LCK表达水平差异,进而筛查待检者患肺癌的风险:若p-LCK的表达水平高,则患肺癌的风险高,若p-LCK的表达水平低,则患肺癌的风险低,可用于临床肺癌的辅助诊断,为患者采取相关的治疗措施或者决策提供有效的依据,临床应用前景良好。
Claims (4)
1.检测磷酸化LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂在制备肺癌筛查用试剂中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:所述试剂是用于检测肺组织中磷酸化LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于:所述检测磷酸化LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂为免疫组化检测方法用试剂。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的用途,其特征在于:所述检测磷酸化LCK蛋白表达水平的试剂为Western Blot或ELISA检测方法用试剂。
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