CN105929130A - Constitutive determination apparatus and determination method for fault gouge - Google Patents
Constitutive determination apparatus and determination method for fault gouge Download PDFInfo
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- CN105929130A CN105929130A CN201610247092.2A CN201610247092A CN105929130A CN 105929130 A CN105929130 A CN 105929130A CN 201610247092 A CN201610247092 A CN 201610247092A CN 105929130 A CN105929130 A CN 105929130A
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- mud
- test cabin
- flow
- fault gouge
- fault
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a constitutive determination apparatus and determination method for fault gouge. The constitutive determination apparatus comprises a testing cabin and a flow displaying and recording device, wherein the testing cabin is provided with space used for filling of a filling material, a water filling port and a tunnel front; the water filling port is arranged above the testing cabin; the tunnel front is arranged at the side surface of the testing cabin; and a sampling port and the tunnel front are approximately in a same plane. The testing cabin is filled with fault gouge; water is injected into the testing cabin via the water filling port so as to allow the state of the fault gouge to gradually change and to promote occurrence of burst mud; the burst mud flows out from the tunnel front; and the flow displaying and recording device is connected with the tunnel front or arranged at the lower end of the testing cabin and displays and records flow velocity of the burst mud by weighing weight difference per unit time. The apparatus is simple to operate, flexible and convenient to assemble and used for researching on the changing rules of the constitutive relation of fault gouge in the process of mud burst; the testing cabin is transparent, which facilitates observation of the whole mud burst process; and the apparatus can conveniently observe and analyze the changing rules of the state of fault gouge, constitutive parameters and a constitutive model.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of fault gouge this structure determinator and assay method thereof.
Background technology
Tunnels and underground engineering is built during passing through fault belt, often occurs large-scale gushing water to dash forward the geological disasters such as mud,
Bring huge threat to safety for tunnel engineering and surrounding enviroment, govern the development of tunnel construction.Therefore, to Faults in Tunnels
Crushed zone gushing water key scientific problems such as mud mechanism of dashing forward are studied, and have great scientific meaning and engineer applied is worth.
Faults in Tunnels gushing water mud mechanism of dashing forward relates to multiple such as geology, underground water dynamics, rock mass mechanics and catastrophe theory
Section field, the most relatively fewer to the research of its mechanism, association area researcher passes through theoretical research, numerical computations
And the means such as model test, carry out underground engineering gushing water and dashed forward a series of researchs of mud, achieve many achievements, for
The dash forward research of mud mechanism of Faults in Tunnels gushing water provides reference and reference.
The at present both at home and abroad research in terms of underground engineering gushing water dashes forward mud mechanism etc. achieves more great successes, to theory
Research and engineering practice have important directive function.But yet suffer from certain weak point: the mechanism of mud that gushing water is dashed forward
Research is concentrated mainly on the aspect such as mine and Karst Tunnel, and the research of mud mechanism of dashing forward Faults in Tunnels gushing water is the most relatively fewer；
The mud origin cause of formation that the research of mud of dashing forward Faults in Tunnels gushing water is concentrated mainly on geological structure factors, ground water movement rule, gushing water are dashed forward with
And gushing water dashes forward the aspects such as mud control measures, the most deeply disclose its gushing water and dash forward mud mechanism；Faults in Tunnels gushing water is dashed forward mud mechanism
Mostly research is to combine what specific construction practice case was carried out, and each factor of mud that fails to be dashed forward by gushing water well organically combines,
Conclusion often lacks systematicness and regularity, and gained achievement in research range is subject to certain restrictions.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of fault gouge this structure determinator and mensuration thereof
Method, this device is simple to operate, it is flexible to assemble, the Changing Pattern of the prominent mud generating process interrupting layer mud constitutive relation of research,
Test cabin is observed whole prominent mud process, is easy to observation analysis fault gouge state, constitutive parameter and the change of constitutive model by transparent being prone to
The assay device of law.
For achieving the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals:
A kind of fault gouge this structure determinator, including test cabin and flow indication recording equipment, test cabin is provided with for filling out
Entering the space of filler, water filling port and tunnel face, water filling port is arranged at the top of test cabin, and tunnel face is arranged at the side of test cabin
Face, sample tap is generally in same plane with tunnel face, is inserted by fault gouge in test cabin, by water filling port to test
Injecting water in storehouse, make fault gouge that the change of state gradually to occur, promote prominent mud to occur, prominent mud flows out from tunnel face, and flow shows
Show that recording equipment is connected with tunnel face or is arranged at the lower end of test cabin, by weighing the weight difference in the unit interval, display note
The flow velocity of the prominent mud of record.
The effect of water inlet is water filling in device, so that the fault gouge state in device is gradually become flow regime by solid-state,
Prominent mud process can be simulated.
Preferably, described test cabin is local transparent or all transparent.Test cabin is transparent facilitates the fault gouge in viewing test storehouse
State and prominent mud process.
It is further preferred that described test cabin is prepared from by transparent safety glass.
Preferably, the top of described test cabin is additionally provided with sample tap, and sample tap is provided with control switch.
It is further preferred that control switch to include pivoting lever and every mud plectane, it is fixed on pivoting lever every mud plectane
Lower end, and the center of circle of fixing point deviation isolation plectane, cover on sample tap every mud plectane, by rotating described Spin Control
Bar controls the rotation every mud plectane, and then opens or closes sample tap.
Under certain time interval, the fault gouge of certain mass can be taken out by sample tap, use Atterberg Limit instrument to measure disconnected
Layer pureed state, and use flow graph that the viscosity of fault gouge, shear rate, shear stress is scanned monitoring, or use that cut should
The shear stress of the just fault gouge of tool mobility is measured by force detector, so that it is determined that fault gouge semisolid, plastic state,
Constitutive equation under flow regime.
Preferably, the top of described test cabin is additionally provided with acceleration hole, accelerates hole and connects with source of the gas.
In test cabin, it is passed through gas by accelerating hole, thus accelerates the flowing of fault gouge, and then the various flows of study of fault mud
Prominent mud rule under Su.
It is further preferred that the pipeline that accelerates arranged on described acceleration hole extends downwardly into the bottom of test cabin.Accelerate hole from examination
The bottom of testing position is passed through gas in fault gouge, can preferably accelerate the flowing of fault gouge.
Preferably, described flow indication recording equipment is platform balance, and platform balance is provided with display screen, and flow display device is fixed on
The bottom of test cabin, flow display device, by the weight difference of display record test cabin, determines prominent mudflow speed.
It is further preferred that be provided with bracing frame between test cabin and flow display device, support is used for fixation test storehouse.
It is further preferred that the lower end of described platform balance is fixed with base, base is provided with for placing sampling control switch handle
The support of hands.
Preferably, described flow indication recording equipment includes pipeline, flow transducer and control system, and control system is arranged
Display recorder, described pipeline connects with tunnel face, and flow transducer is arranged at the inside of pipeline, in induction pipe
The moment flow of prominent mud, flow transducer is connected with control system.
Preferably, the bottom of described test cabin is provided with the cross support rib for strengthening test cabin intensity.
The assay method of above-mentioned fault gouge this structure determinator, comprises the steps:
1) fault gouge is filled in test cabin so that it is do not had tunnel face, by water filling port water filling in test cabin；
2) when the fault gouge of thief hole bottom position starts argillization when, it is sampled uninterruptedly, the ginseng to sample
Number is measured, and determines fault gouge constitutive equation under semisolid, plastic state, flow regime；
3) add to a certain degree when water, tunnel face is carried out digging process, promote the generation of prominent mud process, and remember with display
The flow velocity of the prominent mud of recording device display record, the prominent mud rule under research different in flow rate；
4) after single test terminates, change fault gouge constituent, filler again, change inject water water temperature, repeat with
Upper step study of fault mud constituent and temperature are on the change of fault gouge state and the impact of constitutive model.
Preferably, step 1) in, in test cabin during water filling, it is ensured that other openings are closed.
Preferably, step 1) in, in test cabin, the speed of water filling is 0-0.6m/s.
Preferably, step 1) in, in test cabin while water filling, in test cabin, it is passed through gas, to accelerate prominent mud process.
Preferably, step 2) in, the mode that the parameter of sample is measured for using Atterberg Limit instrument to measure fault gouge state,
And use flow graph that the viscosity of fault gouge, shear rate, shear stress are scanned monitoring；Or use shearometer pair
Just the shear stress of the fault gouge of tool mobility measures.
Preferably, step 4) in, the water temperature range injecting water is 20-80 DEG C.
The invention have the benefit that
1, the test cabin of the present invention can successfully be dashed forward mud process by simulation tunnel, then the prominent mud generating process interrupting layer mud of research this
Structure parameter and the Changing Pattern of constitutive model, the research effective reference frame of offer of mud mechanism of dashing forward for rich water tomography tunnel gushing water；
2, test cabin is local transparent or all transparent, is prepared from especially with transparent toughened glass, it is possible to clearly observe
State and prominent mud process to fault gouge；
3, the good airproof performance of test cabin, strength and stiffness are big, it is possible to bear bigger pressure, it is ensured that the stability of test-bed；
4, the platform balance bottom test cabin sets real-time displaying device, can show that record weight changes in real time, thus calculate
Go out different time sections to dash forward the flow velocity of prominent mud thing during mud；Or pipeline is connected with tunnel face, prominent mud is derived, and by pipe
Flow transducer record in road dash forward mudflow speed, the prominent mud rule under friction speed can be studied；
5, in test cabin, it is passed through gas by acceleration hole, thus accelerates the flowing of fault gouge；Promoted by excavation disturbance tunnel
The generation of prominent mud process, study of fault mud is prominent mud rule under different in flow rate；
6, whole apparatus structure is simple, it is easy to assembly operation, it is simple to do filler, feeding, thus it is possible to vary the composition of fault gouge becomes
Filler is divided again to carry out study of fault mud constituent to the change of fault gouge state and the impact of constitutive model.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of fault gouge this structure determinator；
Wherein: 1, test cabin, 2, bracket, 3, column, 4, platform balance, 5, base, 6, steelframe, 7, thief hole, 8,
Water injection hole, 9, accelerate hole, 10, tunnel face, 11, real-time displaying device, 12, control switch.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of fault gouge this structure determinator of the present invention, including the test cabin 1 prepared by clear glass plastic-steel,
The bracket 2 of stainless steel, the column 3 of stainless steel, platform balance 4, base 5, rigid frame 6, Atterberg Limit instrument and flow graph.
Thief hole 7, water injection hole 8 are set on test cabin 1, accelerate hole 9 and tunnel face 10, thief hole 7, water injection hole 8 and acceleration hole
9 tops being arranged at test cabin 1, test cabin 1 top can be opened, and sets control switch 12 on filler, thief hole 7,
Being easy to open and close thief hole, platform balance 4 side sets real-time displaying device 11, is able to record that the data variation of weight and time,
The flow velocity of prominent mud thing during calculating mud of dashing forward the most in the same time.
The assembling of a kind of fault gouge this structure determinator and using method, comprise the following steps:
A. the processing of test cabin 1 is carried out, reserved thief hole 7, water injection hole 8, acceleration hole 9 and tunnel face 10；Rigid frame 6 and the end
Seat 5 is bolted on together, is welded together with stainless steel brackets 2 by rustless steel column 3, and it is moulded with transparent
Steel test cabin 1 is fixed up, and is stably placed at the center of platform balance 4, and platform balance 4 is placed on base 5 center.
B. start test, tomography material is filled in device (thief hole 7 and accelerate hole 9 and be closed, tunnel face 10
It is in sealed condition), after filler completes, gradually pass through water injection hole 8 in device, inject water, along with the change of water content,
The state of fault gouge starts to change, and gradually converts to flow regime from solid-state；For accelerating the flowing of fault gouge in process of the test,
Acceleration hole 9 can be opened, by air in device, thus accelerate prominent mud process, change prominent mud thing flow rate.
The when that the fault gouge of hole the most to be sampled bottom position starting argillization, it is sampled uninterruptedly, during sampling, logical
Cross control switch 12 and open thief hole 7, take out the fault gouge of certain mass, use Atterberg Limit instrument to measure fault gouge state, and
Use flow graph that the viscosity of fault gouge, shear rate, shear stress are scanned monitoring, or use shearometer to just
The shear stress of the fault gouge of tool mobility measures, so that it is determined that fault gouge is under semisolid, plastic state, flow regime
Constitutive equation.
D. treat that water adds to a certain degree, just carry out digging process, the tunnel face 10 of closure is opened, is excavated to certain depth and stops
Under, excavation is i.e. that tunnel face is carried out disturbance, promotes the generation of prominent mud process, and fault gouge flows out from tunnel face 10, and platform balance sets
Real-time displaying device 11, can show record weight and the data variation of time, thus calculate fault gouge during prominent mud
Flow velocity, prominent mud rule under research different in flow rate.
E. after off-test, thus it is possible to vary fault gouge constituent, again filler, change the water temperature injecting water, repeat above step
Rapid study of fault mud constituent and temperature are on the change of fault gouge state and the impact of constitutive model.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fault gouge this structure determinator of the present invention, including the test cabin 1 prepared by clear glass plastic-steel, stainless steel
Bracket 2, the column 3 of stainless steel, platform balance 4, base 5, rigid frame 6, Atterberg Limit instrument and flow graph.On test cabin 1
Arranging thief hole 7, water injection hole 8, accelerate hole 9 and tunnel face 10, thief hole 7, water injection hole 8 and acceleration hole 9 are arranged at
The top of test cabin 1 or side, test cabin 1 top can be opened, and sets control switch 12, side on filler, thief hole 7
Just opening and closing thief hole, tunnel face 10 is connected with pipeline, the opening of pipeline is arranged at the lower section of tunnel face, reserve
The space of tunneling.Entrance plays the prominent mud of undertaking, and delivery is dashed forward the effect of mud.Pipeline arranges flow sensing device,
The flow velocity signal of the prominent mud in surveying record pipeline, is delivered to flow velocity signal control system, and shows in control system
And record.
Other measuring method is identical with the measuring method of embodiment 1.
Although the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described by the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines, but not limit to invention protection domain
System, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that, on the basis of technical scheme, those skilled in the art need not
Pay various amendments that creative work can make or deformation is the most within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. fault gouge this structure determinator, it is characterised in that: include test cabin and flow indication recording equipment, test cabin
On be provided with for inserting the space of filler, water filling port and tunnel face, water filling port is arranged at the top of test cabin, and tunnel face sets
Being placed in the side of test cabin, sample tap is generally in same plane with tunnel face, is inserted by fault gouge in test cabin, logical
Crossing water filling port and inject water in test cabin, make fault gouge that the change of state gradually to occur, promote prominent mud to occur, prominent mud is from tunnel
Mouth flows out, and flow indication recording equipment is connected with tunnel face or is arranged at the lower end of test cabin, by weighing in the unit interval
Weight difference, the flow velocity of the prominent mud of display record.
Determinator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described test cabin is local transparent or all transparent.
Test cabin is transparent facilitates the state of disconnected mud layer in viewing test storehouse and prominent mud process；
Preferably, described test cabin is prepared from by transparent safety glass.
Determinator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the top of described test cabin is additionally provided with sample tap,
Control switch it is provided with on sample tap；
Preferably, control switch and include pivoting lever and every mud plectane, be fixed on the lower end of pivoting lever every mud plectane,
And the center of circle of fixing point deviation isolation plectane, cover on sample tap every mud plectane, control by rotating described pivoting lever
Every the rotation of mud plectane, and then open or close sample tap.
Determinator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the top of described test cabin is additionally provided with acceleration hole,
Accelerate hole to connect with source of the gas；
Preferably, the pipeline that accelerates at place, described acceleration hole extends downwardly into the lower end of fault gouge.
Determinator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described flow indication recording equipment is platform balance, platform
Being provided with display screen on scale, flow display device is fixed on the bottom of test cabin, and flow display device is by display record test
The weight difference in storehouse, determines prominent mudflow speed；
Preferably, being provided with bracing frame between test cabin and flow display device, support is used for fixation test storehouse；
Preferably, the lower end of described platform balance is fixed with base, base is provided with for placing propping up of sampling control switch handle
Frame.
Determinator the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described flow indication recording equipment include pipeline,
Flow transducer and control system, control system arranges display recorder, and described pipeline connects with tunnel face, flow sensing
Device is arranged at the inside of pipeline, and the moment flow of the prominent mud in induction pipe, flow transducer is connected with control system；
Preferably, the bottom of described test cabin is provided with the cross support rib for strengthening test cabin intensity.
7. the assay method of the arbitrary described determinator of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
1) fault gouge is filled in test cabin so that it is do not had tunnel face, by water filling port water filling in test cabin；
2) when the fault gouge of thief hole bottom position starts argillization when, it is sampled uninterruptedly, the ginseng to sample
Number is measured, and determines fault gouge constitutive equation under semisolid, plastic state, flow regime；
3) add to a certain degree when water, tunnel face is carried out digging process, promote the generation of prominent mud process, and remember with display
The flow velocity of the prominent mud of recording device display record, the prominent mud rule under research different in flow rate；
4) after single test terminates, change fault gouge constituent, filler again, change inject water water temperature, repeat with
Upper step study of fault mud constituent and temperature are on the change of fault gouge state and the impact of constitutive model.
Assay method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step 1) in, in test cabin during water filling,
Ensure that other openings are closed；
Or, step 1) in, in test cabin, the speed of water filling is 0-0.6m/s；
Or, step 1) in, in test cabin while water filling, in test cabin, it is passed through gas, to accelerate prominent mud process.
Assay method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step 2) in, the parameter of sample is surveyed
Fixed mode is for using Atterberg Limit instrument to measure fault gouge state, and uses flow graph to viscosity, the shear rate of fault gouge, cuts
Stress is scanned monitoring；Or use shearometer that the shear stress of the just fault gouge of tool mobility is measured.
Assay method the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: step 4) in, the water temperature range injecting water is
20-80℃。
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| CN201610247092.2A CN105929130B (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | A kind of this structure of fault gouge determines device and its assay method |
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| CN201610247092.2A CN105929130B (en) | 2016-04-20 | 2016-04-20 | A kind of this structure of fault gouge determines device and its assay method |
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