CN105928973B - A kind of experiment test system and method for protective garment thermal resistance - Google Patents
A kind of experiment test system and method for protective garment thermal resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN105928973B CN105928973B CN201610298557.7A CN201610298557A CN105928973B CN 105928973 B CN105928973 B CN 105928973B CN 201610298557 A CN201610298557 A CN 201610298557A CN 105928973 B CN105928973 B CN 105928973B
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of experiment test systems of protective garment thermal resistance, wherein protective garment is placed horizontally on the bracket below the taper heater, radiation baffle is set between the taper heater and protective garment, and the heat current densimeter is set at a certain distance from the protective garment lower end；The thermocouple measurement system is used to detect the hull-skin temperature and innermost comfort liner internal surface temperature of the outermost outer layer of the protective garment, the heat current densimeter is used to detect the heat flow density of innermost comfort liner, and the data collection system receives the thermocouple measurement system, the data of heat current densimeter detection and output guard and takes thermal resistance data；The invention also discloses the experimental methods of the system.The present invention is suitable for the acquisition methods of protective garment thermal resistance under heat radiation environment by establishing, and measures the thermal resistance of protective garment under high temperature heat radiation environment；The present invention can be used for studying the influence of caloradiance and protective garment inner air layer size and location simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fire science and technical field, the experiment test system of especially a kind of protective garment thermal resistance and side
Method.
Background technique
Fire brigade is the main force of fire prevention and fire fighting and rescue.Fire heat radiation offsets anti-member's life security and constitutes seriously
It threatens.Heat-protective clothing is one of main guarantee of fireman's life security under fire hazard environment.The heat of accurate evaluation heat-protective clothing is anti-
Performance is protected, ensures that fireman is the important research of fire disaster emergency equipment field from the invasion of high temperature heat radiation under fire hazard environment
Direction.
Clothing thermal resistance (thermal insulation) characterizes clothes to the obstruction ability of heat transfer, is comfort evaluation and pole
Hold physical parameter important in the thermally safe evaluation of temperature.Clothing thermal resistance and dampness can be by the perspiration flat plate heats of small size and complete
Perspiration thermal manikin (Thermal manikin) measurement of size obtains, and measurement experiment condition and step are respectively in standard ASTM
F1868 and ISO 9920 have detailed regulation and description.
But in high temperature heat radiation environment, outside heat penetrates heat-protective clothing, reaches skin layer.And under general indoor environment
Heat is distributed from skin layer, is transmitted outward by the thermal insulation layer of protective garment.The difference of heat transfer process under high temperature and room temperature, heat
Amount is different through the sequence of protective garment difference tissue layer, will have an impact to the measurement of protective garment thermal resistance and dampness, and then influences
The accuracy of high warm hazard assessment.In addition, the heat-moisture transfer process of protective garment is ground under the existing environment about high temperature heat radiation
Study carefully the thermal resistance measurement of the influence protective garment of no quantitative analysis inner water content and heat radiation to heat-moisture transfer.
Currently available technology provides a kind of technology of effective measurement protective garment thermal resistance not yet.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of experiment test systems of protective garment thermal resistance comprising cone
Shape heater, radiation baffle, thermocouple measurement system, heat current densimeter and data collection system, the protective garment level are put
It is placed on the bracket of the taper heater following distance, the taper heater provides hot spoke for the protective garment
It penetrates, the radiation baffle is set between the taper heater and protective garment, is prevented for being spaced the taper heater with described
Heat radiation between shield clothes；Upward, downward, the heat current densimeter is set to the most inner side of protective garment the outermost of the protective garment
At a certain distance from the protective garment lower end；
The thermocouple measurement system be used for detect the protective garment outermost outer layer hull-skin temperature with it is most interior
The comfort liner internal surface temperature of side, the heat current densimeter are used to detect the heat flow density of innermost comfort liner, the data
Acquisition system receives the thermocouple measurement system, the data of heat current densimeter detection and output guard and takes thermal resistance data.
Preferably, the thermocouple measurement system includes three symmetrical K-type thermocouples.
The present invention also provides the experimental test procedures of protective garment thermal resistance, comprising the following steps:
S1: the protective garment is placed horizontally on the bracket of the taper heater following distance, by galvanic couple
System is arranged in the hull-skin temperature and innermost comfort liner inner surface of the outermost outer layer of the protective garment sample, will be hot
Current density meter is arranged in one fixed range of protective garment lower end；
Taper heater: being placed in the position of setting by S2, and the temperature of taper heater is arranged, taper heater is heated
To the radiant power of setting；
S3: stablizing 10min after the radiant power that taper heater reaches setting, removes screening radiation shutter, will prevent
Shield takes sample and is exposed to 20min in heat radiation environment, passes through the hull-skin temperature T of the collected outer layer of thermocoupleoutAnd it is comfortable
The internal surface temperature T of layerin, the measured value R of heat current densimeter1；Finally radiation shutter is moved back to, the time of cooling stage is
10min；
S4: it repeats step S3 three times, records each hull-skin temperature T respectivelyout, comfort liner internal surface temperature Tin, heat
The measured value R of current density meter1, the T recorded three times is taken respectivelyout、Tin、R1Average value；
S5: clothes entire thermal resistance is obtained:
Clothes entire thermal resistance IT(℃m2W-1) temperature difference of layer surface inside and outside heat dissipation capacity and protective garment by penetrating protective garment
It calculates, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein ToutAnd TinIt is the hull-skin temperature of outer layer and the internal surface temperature of comfort liner respectively, DEG C；
HtIt is the heat dissipation capacity for penetrating protective garment, W/m2, it is calculated by the following formula:
Ht=HF-R1-C (2-2)
Wherein HF is the radiant power of taper heater, W/m2；R1It is the measured value of heat current densimeter, W/m2；C is hot-fluid
The free convection of air layer, W/m between densitometer and sample lower surface2。
Preferably, air layer is arranged between the outer layer and waterproof ventilative layer, step S1-S5 is repeated, it is total to obtain clothes
Thermal resistance.
Preferably, changing the air layer thickness of the protective garment sample, step S1-S5 is repeated, obtains clothes entire thermal resistance.
Preferably, increasing by an air layer between the waterproof ventilative layer and thermal insulation layer in the protective garment sample, repeat to walk
Rapid S1-S5 obtains clothes entire thermal resistance.
The invention has the following advantages:
The acquisition methods for being suitable for protective garment thermal resistance under heat radiation environment are established, protective garment under high temperature heat radiation environment is measured
Thermal resistance；The present invention can be used for studying the influence of caloradiance and protective garment inner air layer size and location.
Certainly, it implements any of the products of the present invention and does not necessarily require achieving all the advantages described above at the same time.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, will be described below to embodiment required
Attached drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached
Figure.
Fig. 1 is the experiment test system schematic diagram of protective garment thermal resistance provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a kind of experiment test systems of protective garment thermal resistance comprising taper adds
Hot device 1, radiation baffle 2, thermocouple measurement system 5, heat current densimeter 6 and data collection system 7, the protective garment level are put
It is placed on the bracket 4 of 1 following distance of taper heater, the taper heater 1 provides heat for the protective garment
Radiation, the radiation baffle 2 is set between the taper heater 1 and protective garment, for being spaced the taper heater 1 and institute
State the heat radiation between protective garment；The outermost of the protective garment upward, the most inner side of protective garment downward, the heat current densimeter
6 are set at a certain distance from the protective garment lower end；
The thermocouple measurement system 5 be used for detect the protective garment outermost outer layer hull-skin temperature with it is most interior
The comfort liner internal surface temperature of side, the heat current densimeter 6 are used to detect the heat flow density of innermost comfort liner, the data
Acquisition system 7 receives the thermocouple measurement system 5, the data that heat current densimeter 6 detects and output guard and takes thermal resistance data.
Protective garment sample provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes outer layer 8, waterproof ventilative layer 10, thermal insulation layer 12 and comfort liner 13
Totally four layers.The material that each layer fabric of the embodiment of the present invention uses is shown in Table in 1.
Table 1
Air layer thickness range in protective garment, about 2-10mm in the embodiment of the present invention, the air that the present embodiment uses
Thickness degree is 0,2mm and 5mm respectively.The sample combination of different air layer thicknesses is shown in Table 2, and number is respectively N1-N9, the present invention point
The other experiment that protective garment thermal resistance has been carried out to the combination of N1-N9.
Table 2
The caloradiance of the taper heater 1 provided in this embodiment passes through 3 symmetrical K-type thermocouple measurements
Mean temperature controlled.The caloradiance scope control that protective garment sample surfaces provided in this embodiment receive is in 1-
10kW/m2.The effective area of protective garment sample reception heat radiation is 5cm × 5cm, moveable radiation gear provided in this embodiment
Plate 2 is used to control the exposure duration of sample, before shielding exposure in radiant heat transfer to test sample.Test sample is placed in cone
4 on sample holder below shape heater, the height of protective garment sample to heater lower surface is 25mm, the size of test sample
Size is 10cm × 10cm；
This experiment test system can control thickness and the position of air layer.The air layer gasket of different-thickness is placed in position
Set 9 or position 11.Position 9 represents the position between outer layer 8 and waterproof ventilative layer 10, and position 11 represents 10 He of waterproof ventilative layer
Position between thermal insulation layer 12.
Thermocouple measurement system 5 and heat current densimeter 6 are used to measure where surface temperature and the measurement skin of each layer fabric
The heat flow density received at position.Heat current densimeter 6 provided in this embodiment takes the inner surface distance of sample to shield
6.4mm.Data collection system 7 is by acquiring the measurement data based on thermocouple and radiation density.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of experimental test procedures of protective garment thermal resistance comprising following steps:
S1: the protective garment is placed horizontally on the bracket of the taper heater following distance, by galvanic couple
System is arranged in the hull-skin temperature and innermost comfort liner inner surface of the outermost outer layer of the protective garment sample, described
Protective garment sample includes successively from outside to inside outer layer, waterproof ventilative layer, thermal insulation layer and comfort liner, heat current densimeter is arranged in anti-
Shield takes one fixed range of end；
Taper heater: being placed in the position of setting by S2, and the temperature of taper heater is arranged, taper heater is heated
To the radiant power of setting；
S3: stablizing 10min after the radiant power that taper heater reaches setting, removes screening radiation shutter, will prevent
Shield takes sample and is exposed to 20min in heat radiation environment, passes through the hull-skin temperature T of the collected outer layer of thermocoupleoutAnd it is comfortable
The internal surface temperature T of layerin, the measured value R of heat current densimeter1；Finally radiation shutter is moved back to, the time of cooling stage is
10min；
S4: it repeats step S3 three times, records each hull-skin temperature T respectivelyout, comfort liner internal surface temperature Tin, heat
The measured value R of current density meter1, the T recorded three times is taken respectivelyout、Tin、R1Average value；
S5: clothes entire thermal resistance is obtained:
Clothes entire thermal resistance IT(℃m2W-1) temperature difference of layer surface inside and outside heat dissipation capacity and protective garment by penetrating protective garment
It calculates, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein ToutAnd TinIt is the hull-skin temperature of outer layer and the internal surface temperature of comfort liner respectively, DEG C；
HtIt is the heat dissipation capacity for penetrating protective garment, W/m2, it is calculated by the following formula:
Ht=HF-R1-C (2-2)
Wherein HF is the radiant power of taper heater, W/m2；R1It is the measured value of heat current densimeter, W/m2；C is hot-fluid
The free convection of air layer, W/m between densitometer and sample lower surface2。
In embodiments of the present invention, when caloradiance is from 2kW/m2Increase to 10kW/m2When, the thermal resistance point of sample N1-N5
Not from 17.1,25.83,21.84,27.17 and 27.64 (× 10-3℃m2W-1) it is reduced to 10.5,13.08,13.21,14.44 and
13.08(×10-3℃m2W-1)。
There is no the thermal resistance of the sample N1 of air layer to be less than the sample thermal resistance (N2-N5) for having an air layer.N2's and N3 is total
Entire thermal resistance of the thermal resistance (with a thickness of 2mm) again smaller than N4 and N5 (with a thickness of 5mm).In addition to the thermal resistance of N3 and N5 is in 7kW/m2With
10kW/m2Under conditions of numerical value it is close.
N6 is compared with the entire thermal resistance (air layer of the position 11 containing 2mm thickness) of N7, and the thermal resistance ratio N6 of N7 is slightly higher.At five kinds
Under different caloradiances, the entire thermal resistance of N6 and N7 are 0.31 DEG C of m respectively2W-1、0.22℃m2W-1、0.21℃m2W-1、0.16
℃m2W-1With 0.15 DEG C of m2W-1.N8 is compared with the entire thermal resistance (air layer of the position 11 containing 5mm thickness) of N9, the thermal resistance of N9 ratio N8
Want high.In addition, (position 9 contains for the entire thermal resistance (air layer of the position 9 containing 2mm thickness) and the entire thermal resistance of N7 and N9 of N6 and N8
Have the air layer of 5mm thickness) there is apparent difference.The entire thermal resistance of N8 and N9 is respectively higher than the entire thermal resistance of N6 and N7.
Present invention disclosed above preferred embodiment is only intended to help to illustrate the present invention.There is no detailed for preferred embodiment
All details are described, are not limited the invention to the specific embodiments described.Obviously, according to the content of this specification,
It can make many modifications and variations.These embodiments are chosen and specifically described to this specification, is in order to better explain the present invention
Principle and practical application, so that skilled artisan be enable to better understand and utilize the present invention.The present invention is only
It is limited by claims and its full scope and equivalent.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of experiment test system of protective garment thermal resistance, which is characterized in that including taper heater, radiation baffle, thermocouple
Measuring system, heat current densimeter and data collection system, the protective garment are placed horizontally at one below the taper heater
On bracket at set a distance, the taper heater provides heat radiation for the protective garment, and the radiation baffle is set to the cone
Heat radiation between shape heater and protective garment, for being spaced between the taper heater and the protective garment；The protection
Upward, downward, the heat current densimeter is set at a certain distance from the protective garment lower end most inner side of protective garment the outermost of clothes；
The thermocouple measurement system be used for detect the protective garment outermost outer layer hull-skin temperature with it is innermost
Comfort liner internal surface temperature, the heat current densimeter are used to detect the heat flow density of innermost comfort liner, the data acquisition
System receives the thermocouple measurement system, the data of heat current densimeter detection and output guard and takes thermal resistance data；
The protective garment sample successively includes outer layer, waterproof ventilative layer, thermal insulation layer and comfort liner, the protective garment heat from outside to inside
The experimental test procedures of resistance the following steps are included:
S1: the protective garment being placed horizontally on the bracket of the taper heater following distance, by galvanic couple system
It is arranged in the hull-skin temperature and innermost comfort liner inner surface of the outermost outer layer of the protective garment sample, hot-fluid is close
Degree meter is arranged in one fixed range of protective garment lower end；
Taper heater: being placed in the position of setting by S2, and the temperature of taper heater is arranged, taper heater is heated to set
The radiant power set；
S3: stablizing 10min after the radiant power that taper heater reaches setting, screening radiation shutter is removed, by protective garment
Sample is exposed to 20min in heat radiation environment, passes through the hull-skin temperature Tout and comfort liner of the collected outer layer of thermocouple
Internal surface temperature Tin, the measured value R1 of heat current densimeter；Finally radiation shutter is moved back to, the time of cooling stage is
10min；
S4: it repeats step S3 three times, records internal surface temperature Tin, the hot-fluid of each hull-skin temperature Tout, comfort liner respectively
The measured value R1 of densitometer, takes the average value of Tout, Tin, R1 for recording three times respectively；
S5: clothes entire thermal resistance: clothes entire thermal resistance I is obtainedT, ITUnit is DEG C m2W-1, by penetrating the heat dissipation capacity of protective garment and preventing
Shield takes the temperature difference of inside and outside layer surface to calculate, calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein Tout and Tin is the hull-skin temperature of outer layer and the internal surface temperature of comfort liner respectively；
Ht is the heat dissipation capacity for penetrating protective garment, W/m2, it is calculated by the following formula:
Ht=HF-R1-C (2-2)
Wherein HF is the radiant power of taper heater, W/m2；R1 is the measured value of heat current densimeter, W/m2；C is heat flow density
The free convection of air layer, W/m between meter and sample lower surface2。
2. the experiment test system of protective garment thermal resistance as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the thermocouple measurement system
Including three symmetrical K-type thermocouples.
3. a kind of test method of the experiment test system of protective garment thermal resistance as described in claim 1, the protective garment sample
It from outside to inside successively include outer layer, waterproof ventilative layer, thermal insulation layer and comfort liner, which comprises the following steps:
S1: the protective garment being placed horizontally on the bracket of the taper heater following distance, by galvanic couple system
It is arranged in the hull-skin temperature and innermost comfort liner inner surface of the outermost outer layer of the protective garment sample, hot-fluid is close
Degree meter is arranged in one fixed range of protective garment lower end；
Taper heater: being placed in the position of setting by S2, and the temperature of taper heater is arranged, taper heater is heated to set
The radiant power set；
S3: stablizing 10min after the radiant power that taper heater reaches setting, screening radiation shutter is removed, by protective garment
Sample is exposed to 20min in heat radiation environment, passes through the hull-skin temperature Tout and comfort liner of the collected outer layer of thermocouple
Internal surface temperature Tin, the measured value R1 of heat current densimeter；Finally radiation shutter is moved back to, the time of cooling stage is
10min；
S4: it repeats step S3 three times, records internal surface temperature Tin, the hot-fluid of each hull-skin temperature Tout, comfort liner respectively
The measured value R1 of densitometer, takes the average value of Tout, Tin, R1 for recording three times respectively；
S5: clothes entire thermal resistance is obtained:
Clothes entire thermal resistance ITThe temperature difference of layer surface calculates inside and outside heat dissipation capacity and protective garment by penetrating protective garment, calculates public
Formula are as follows:
Wherein Tout and Tin is the hull-skin temperature of outer layer and the internal surface temperature of comfort liner respectively, DEG C；
Ht is the heat dissipation capacity for penetrating protective garment, W/m2, it is calculated by the following formula:
Ht=HF-R1-C (2-2)
Wherein HF is the radiant power of taper heater, W/m2；R1 is the measured value of heat current densimeter, W/m2；C is heat flow density
The free convection of air layer, W/m between meter and sample lower surface2。
4. the test method of the experiment test system of protective garment thermal resistance as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described outer
Air layer is set between layer and waterproof ventilative layer, repeats step S1-S5, obtains clothes entire thermal resistance.
5. the test method of the experiment test system of protective garment thermal resistance as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described in change
The air layer thickness of protective garment sample repeats step S1-S5, obtains clothes entire thermal resistance.
6. the test method of the experiment test system of protective garment thermal resistance as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described anti-
Shield, which takes, increases by an air layer between waterproof ventilative layer and thermal insulation layer in sample, repeat step S1-S5, obtain clothes entire thermal resistance.
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| CN106841006A (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-06-13 | 浙江理工大学 | A kind of simulated human sweat device lossless to ambient condition |
| CN108120740A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-06-05 | 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院 | A kind of system and method for testing thermal resistance |
| CN108279254A (en) * | 2018-01-16 | 2018-07-13 | 东华大学 | A kind of fabric thermal resistance recurrence measurement method |
| CN110057335B (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2020-10-23 | 东华大学 | Method for measuring thickness of air layer under clothing |
| CN110307958B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2020-05-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Device for measuring high-temperature plasma wind tunnel stagnation point instantaneous heat flow |
| CN114813823A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-07-29 | 天津工业大学 | System and method for testing thermal resistance of underwater life jacket |
| CN115792119A (en) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-03-14 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | Protective garment performance detection method |
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| CN100465631C (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2009-03-04 | 东华大学 | Apparatus for testing heat protection property of thermal protection clothes or fabric |
| CN201560339U (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2010-08-25 | 朱克传 | Environment system of heat resistance and moisture resistance testing system namely sweat discharging moisture-transmitting instrument |
| CN103048354B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2015-06-17 | 大连理工大学 | Device for testing high-temperature heat conductivity of fibrous heat-insulation felt |
| CN103076358A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-05-01 | 东华大学 | Thermal insulation performance detection equipment and detection method for high-bulk proteiform bedding product |
| CN103399033A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-11-20 | 东华大学 | Thermal protection property tester for fabric system |
| CN204359729U (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-05-27 | 刘云晖 | A kind of material thermal and insulating performance test comparison device |
| CN105004755A (en) * | 2015-07-11 | 2015-10-28 | 江苏丹毛纺织股份有限公司 | Tester for testing temperature of fabric or fabric under illumination |
| CN205581037U (en) * | 2016-05-04 | 2016-09-14 | 清华大学合肥公共安全研究院 | Experiment test system of protective clothing thermal resistance |
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