CN105928945A - Heating stress releasing based method for measuring interior deformation of three-dimensional body - Google Patents
Heating stress releasing based method for measuring interior deformation of three-dimensional body Download PDFInfo
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- CN105928945A CN105928945A CN201610238115.3A CN201610238115A CN105928945A CN 105928945 A CN105928945 A CN 105928945A CN 201610238115 A CN201610238115 A CN 201610238115A CN 105928945 A CN105928945 A CN 105928945A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
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Abstract
The invention provides a heating stress releasing based method for measuring the interior deformation of a three-dimensional body. When a force is loaded on an epoxy resin model with internal defects, the defected parts start to deform, after controllable heating, temperature maintaining, loading and cooling on the epoxy resin model, the interior three-dimensional deformation is cured, then slices are cut from the model, and the slices are polished. Then slices are heated until epoxy resin reaches a high elastic state so as to fully release the stress in epoxy resin, thus the deformation in slices is recovered to the original state, and the positions, where stress is concentrated, of the defects are radiated by an optical method so as to obtain the deformation parameters of strain singularity area of the interior defects of the three-dimensional epoxy resin model. The provided method can effectively measure the interior deformation parameters of a three-dimensional body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the experiment test field in Experimental Mechanics, be specifically related to a kind of based in heating Stress Release measurement said three-dimensional body
The method of portion's deformation.
Background technology
In component of machine, the existence of defect and extension subsequently often result in serious accident with increasing.In order to set in safety
Meter guarantees the intensity of structure and parts, the determination of the deformation size that high stress areas produces near defect in practical structures thing,
It it is the important process in structural safety design.
Two dimension deformation measurement method comparative maturity, but, owing to the practical structures thing overwhelming majority is said three-dimensional body, in said three-dimensional body
The deformation measurement in portion is extremely important.Although using theoretical method and analytic method can carry out calculating or numerical simulation, but solving
During practical problem, particularly under complicated boundary condition, it is often difficult to obtain accurate numerical solution.It addition, result of calculation is just
Really property must also be verified by experiment and confirm, but when deformation is in said three-dimensional body inside, general laboratory facilities and experiment
Method is difficult to carry out quantitative measurement.
A kind of method measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification based on heating Stress Release is proposed for this.By epoxy resin pattern is carried out
Controlled heat, constant temperature, load and lower the temperature, by interior three-dimensional deformation solidification, from model, cut thin slice afterwards, carry out surface
After polishing, by the Stress Release in thin slice, make the recoverable force in section to original state, more optically irradiate section
The region of stress concentration of upper rejected region, obtains the deformation parameter of three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern internal strain singular area.Based on we
The three-dimensional structure internal modification that the data that method obtains are generalized to other metal material also by similarity criterion determines.Therefore, originally
Invention provides a kind of effective ways being obtained the said three-dimensional body internal modification being difficult to measurement by laboratory facilities.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, proposes a kind of based on heating Stress Release measurement three
The method of dimension body internal modification.Inside carries defective epoxy resin pattern carry out heating up, constant temperature, lower the temperature after loading, make mould
The deformation produced in type solidifies in temperature-fall period, then by cutting thin slice from model, and this section is warmed to epoxy resin
Elastomeric state, the stress that is cured of release so that the deformation in section reverts to initial position.Diverging light is used to irradiate defect
Stress concentration portion position, obtains three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern internal flaw position strain singularity parameter, and the present invention is the three-dimensional measured
Internal portion deformation parameter provides a kind of effectively experimental test procedures.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem and the technical scheme is that a kind of based on the heating Stress Release internal change of measurement said three-dimensional body
The method of shape, including: " epoxy resin threedimensional model is manufactured ", " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification ", " cut,
Polishing threedimensional model section ", " elastomeric state release stress, reduce said three-dimensional body internal distortions " and " measurement said three-dimensional body internal modification " five
Implement step;
Wherein,
" epoxy resin threedimensional model is manufactured " is to make the epoxy resin threedimensional model with internal flaw;
The function of " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification " is by the epoxy resin threedimensional model with internal flaw
Slowly it is heated up to the elastomeric state temperature of epoxide resin material, and makes its temperature be maintained at elastomeric state temperature, treat the internal temperature of threedimensional model
Degree progressively reach consistent with outside after, threedimensional model is loaded so that it is be deformed, when threedimensional model internal modification is steady
After Ding, controlling rate of temperature fall and make ambient temperature be slowly dropped to room temperature, then the deformation in threedimensional model is cured sizing;
The function " cutting, polishing threedimensional model section " is: in order to obtain internal modification information, from three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern
Cut the model slice with curing deformation, and make its surface become direct reflection surface state through polishing, become for follow-up inside
Shape measurement is prepared.
The function of " elastomeric state release stress, reduction said three-dimensional body internal distortions " is polished model slice slowly to be heated up, heating
To the elastomeric state temperature of epoxide resin material, the stress being cured inside model slice is made the most fully to be discharged, displacement
Return to initial position, thus produce opposite direction out-of-plane deformation.
The function " measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification " is that the deformation using optical measurement method model slice surface occur quantitatively is surveyed
Amount.By the section of model different parts is measured, the deformation data of the internal different parts of said three-dimensional body can be obtained.
Wherein, described " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification " implementation method and specifically comprising the following steps that
Manufactured epoxy resin pattern is put in the incubator of temperature-controllable, start to be progressively heated at epoxy resin from room temperature
Elastomeric state temperature 115 DEG C, in order to make the three-dimensional inside and outside homogeneous temperature of epoxy resin pattern consistent, reaches material elastomeric state in temperature
After temperature 115 DEG C, constant temperature 3 hours imposed load again.Epoxide resin material can present perfectly elastic under elastomeric state
Character, after loading, its deformation changes rapidly, quickly reaches maximum.In order to make deformation energy reach steady statue, then keep 115 DEG C
Steady temperature 10 hours, control the temperature in incubator afterwards and make it decline with slowly speed, through 90 hours it
After be down to the room temperature environment of 25 DEG C, the now deformation in three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern can be cured qualitative, and carries out machining
Bulk properties can also be kept not change.But, it is accordingly required in particular to note man-hour carrying out cooling process adding.
Wherein, described " cut, polish threedimensional model section " is to obtain the local deformation within three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern.
First desired area is cut, in cutting process, owing to machining can cause the depth of parallelism of two planes to have difference,
Rough surface.It is thus desirable to polished and be processed by shot blasting in the surface of section, it is beneficial to follow-up optical measurement.Bruting process
The sand paper that middle use thickness does not waits, the trade mark is from coarse to fine gradually to be implemented to polish to slice surface, and notes the depth of parallelism of section both sides,
Finally use antiscuffing paste to be ground, make surface present mirror status.
Wherein, the intensification in described " elastomeric state release stress, reduce said three-dimensional body internal distortions " flow process, insulation, temperature-fall period
Identical with " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification " process and total time.Because asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin at a temperature of elastomeric state
Stress in fat material can be released, and the deformation within section will be moved to opposite direction, and slice surface presents facial contour and becomes.
The appearance that slice surface facial contour becomes, the quantitative measurement for deformation corresponding to said three-dimensional body inside provides essential condition.
Wherein, comprising the concrete steps that of described " measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification ", after being expanded by beam of laser light source, use collimation
Mirror becomes directional light, and through lens focus, the other side in focus is formed and dissipates light path.Diverging light is used to irradiate slice surface band
Defective position, owing to, after Stress Release, there is out-of-plane deformation in slice surface rejected region, the light of its stress concentration portion position
Line there will be refraction, makes occur clear zone and dark space on screen, measures bright, the size of dark areas border Y-direction, is computed obtaining
The quantitative parameter of slice surface singular stress district deformation behavior must be characterized.
Present invention advantage compared with prior art is:
(1) existing method is difficult to inside deforms into row directly measurement, the invention provides one and obtains difficulty by laboratory facilities
Effective ways in the said three-dimensional body internal modification measured.Loaded by high temperature and stress solidification is solid by the deformation within threedimensional model
Fixed, then cut intra slice, make the stress in section be released, in section by being heated up to the elastomeric state of epoxy resin
Deformation can recover to original state, finally shows said three-dimensional body internal modification, and can observe intuitively and measure.
(2) by cutting the section of different directions, it is possible to obtain the deformation of the internal multiple different directions of threedimensional model.
(3) test method is the simplest and the most direct, and intuitive is strong, easy to use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification based on heating Stress Release of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As it is shown in figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of method measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification based on heating Stress Release, the method bag
Include: " epoxy resin threedimensional model is manufactured ", " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification ", " cut, polish three-dimensional mould
Type is cut into slices ", " elastomeric state release stress, reduce said three-dimensional body internal distortions " and " measure said three-dimensional body internal modification " five enforcement steps.
Wherein:
The function of " epoxy resin threedimensional model is manufactured " step is to make the epoxy resin threedimensional model with internal flaw;Epoxy
Resin material is a kind of high molecular polymer, also uses frequently as a kind of bonding agent, and adding 30% firming agent wherein can be fabricated to
Threedimensional model.After making threedimensional model, use the thinnest circular milling cutter (0.1mm is thick) can process as shown in Figure 1
Threedimensional model internal flaw.
The function of " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification " step is by three-dimensional for the epoxy resin with internal flaw
Model is slowly heated up to the elastomeric state temperature of this material, and makes temperature be held constant at this temperature, treat threedimensional model internal temperature by
Gradually reach consistent with outside afterwards threedimensional model to be loaded so that it is be deformed, after threedimensional model internal modification is stably,
Slow cooling, to room temperature, makes the deformation in threedimensional model be cured sizing.It concretely comprises the following steps: by manufactured with inside
The epoxy resin pattern of defect is put in the incubator of temperature-controllable, starts to be heated slowly to the elastomeric state temperature of epoxy resin from room temperature
115 DEG C, in order to the homogeneous temperature making three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern inside and outside is consistent, after treating that temperature reaches elastomeric state temperature 115 DEG C,
Continue constant temperature 3 hours imposed load again.Epoxide resin material can present perfectly elastic character under elastomeric state, after loading
Its deformation changes rapidly, quickly reaches maximum.In order to make deformation energy reach steady statue, after loading, keep elastomeric state temperature again
10 hours, afterwards control Temperature of Warm Case make its with slowly speed decline, through 90 hours etc. speed cooling after,
Temperature in incubator is gradually decreased to room temperature environment, and the now deformation in three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern can be cured qualitative, even and if
Carrying out machining can also keep material internal characteristic not change;
The step that " cuts, polishes threedimensional model section " is to obtain internal modification information, cuts from three-dimensional epoxy resin pattern
With the model slice of curing deformation, and make its surface become mirror reflection surface through polishing, prepare for follow-up deformation measurement.
Concretely comprise the following steps: first the required local in threedimensional model is cut, use milling machine and saw cut, carrying out machinery
Add and pay particular attention to man-hour processing local is carried out cooling process, to avoid modeling material temperature in mechanical processing process too high.
The type of cooling can use air-cooled or machine oil liquid cooling, does not use water cooling mode, prevents the material moisture absorption.To threedimensional model
During cutting, owing to machining can cause the depth of parallelism of two planes to have difference, apparent condition is coarse.Therefore need
Slice surface carried out grinding and buffing process, to be beneficial to follow-up optical measurement.Bruting process uses the sand that thickness does not waits
Paper, the trade mark is from coarse to fine gradually implements polishing to slice surface, should be noted that the depth of parallelism keeping section two sides, finally during polishing
Use antiscuffing paste is ground, and makes surface present mirror status, is beneficial to the luminous reflectance of slice surface;
" elastomeric state release stress, reduce said three-dimensional body internal distortions " step be will section within deformation discharge the heaviest
The committed step wanted.Epoxy resin slice surface after processing is smooth, does not observes any displacement, due to stress and
Displacement is cured among section, it is necessary to manage to be displayed.First start gradually to add from room temperature by polished model slice
Heat is to the elastomeric state temperature 115 DEG C of epoxy resin, and the stress being now cured inside model slice is the most fully discharged,
Generation opposite direction deforms, and displacement returns to initial position.Hereafter continue to keep elastomeric state temperature 13 hours, control temperature afterwards
Case temperature makes the ambient temperature of surrounding decline with slowly speed, through 90 hours etc. after speed cooling, in incubator
Temperature be down to room temperature environment, now three-dimensional ring epoxy resins section on deformation can be cured, for next step said three-dimensional body internal distortions
Measurement provides essential condition.
The function of " measurement said three-dimensional body internal modification " step is to use optical measurement method to carry out the deformation that model slice surface occurs determining
Measurement.It concretely comprises the following steps: after being expanded by beam of laser light source, uses collimating mirror so that it becomes directional light light path, then warp
Crossing lens focus, the opposite side in focus forms diverging light light path.Diverging light is irradiated the defective position of slice surface band, by
Deformation occurred in slice surface rejected region, the incident illumination of its stress concentration portion position can deflect, after reflexing on screen
Will appear from clear zone and dark space.Measure the size of the Y-direction on bright, dark areas border, it is possible to obtain and characterize section singular stress district shape
Become the quantitative parameter of characteristic.Slice processing, Stress Release and measurement is carried out, it is possible to obtain three additionally by model different parts
Tie up the deformation data of internal portion different parts.
What the present invention did not elaborated partly belongs to techniques well known.
Claims (3)
1. the method measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification based on heating Stress Release, it is characterised in that: the method includes as follows
Step:
Step one, " epoxy resin threedimensional model is manufactured " step: use elastooptic mateiral to manufacture said three-dimensional body model, and process system
Make internal flaw;
Step 2, " loading under epoxy resin elastomeric state and deformation solidification " step: by the epoxy resin three with internal flaw
Dimension module is heated up to the elastomeric state temperature of this material, and loads model so that it is is deformed, then temperature is slowly dropped
To room temperature, the deformation in threedimensional model is made to be cured sizing;
Step 3, " cut, polish threedimensional model section " step: in order to obtain internal modification information, from three-dimensional ring epoxy resins
Model cuts the model slice with curing deformation, and makes its surface become specular reflector through polishing, for follow-up inside
Deformation measurement is prepared;
Step 4, " elastomeric state release stress, reduction said three-dimensional body internal distortions " step: the model slice after polishing is delayed
Slow intensification, is heated to the elastomeric state of epoxide resin material, makes the stress being cured inside model slice the most fully be released
Putting, rightabout deformation when section can produce and load, final mean annual increment movement returns to initial position, then temperature is slowly dropped to
Room temperature, makes the deformation solidifying and setting manifested in section;
Step 5, " measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification " step: the deformation using optical measurement method model slice surface occur is carried out
Quantitative measurement, can be by measuring the section of model different parts, it is thus achieved that the deformation data of the internal different parts of said three-dimensional body.
The method measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification based on heating Stress Release the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described " elastomeric state release stress, reduce said three-dimensional body internal distortions " step to implement process as follows:
Manufactured epoxy resin pattern is put in the incubator of temperature-controllable, start to be progressively heated at epoxy resin from room temperature
Elastomeric state temperature 115 DEG C, then constant temperature 13 hours, at a temperature of elastomeric state, the stress in epoxide resin material can all be released
Put, section produces in opposite direction, before displacement in section is restored to loading with when loading of negative side's displacement, i.e. deformation direction
Home position, control the temperature in incubator afterwards, make the ambient temperature around section decline with slowly speed, pass through
Being down to the room temperature of 25 DEG C after 90 hours, the deformation in section will be cured reservation, and this section is deformed into inside follow-up said three-dimensional body
Distortion measurement provide essential condition.
The method measuring said three-dimensional body internal modification based on heating Stress Release the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described " measuring said three-dimensional body section deformation " step to implement process as follows:
After being expanded by beam of laser light source, become directional light by collimating mirror, after through lens by parallel light focusing, in focus
Other side is formed and dissipates light path, uses diverging light to irradiate the defective position of slice surface band, due to slice surface fault location
The deformation that strain position, singular area occurs, the light of its stress concentration portion position there will be deflection, make to occur respectively on screen clear zone and
Dark space, measures bright, the size of dark areas boundary Y-direction, can obtain and characterize determining of slice surface singular stress district's deformation behavior
Amount parameter.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106383056A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-02-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Three-dimension body inside crack front edge opening type SIF continuous measuring method |
CN108507856A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-07 | 四川理工学院 | Detect sample of filler dispersity and preparation method thereof and application method |
CN108709801A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-26 | 四川理工学院 | Under a kind of detection load in high polymer composite material filler dispersity method |
CN110160693A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-08-23 | 无锡集磁科技有限公司 | The measuring method of orientation silicon steel magnetic core resin solidification stress |
CN111551775A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-18 | 新纳传感系统有限公司 | Method for manufacturing current sensor |
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Cited By (7)
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CN106383056A (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2017-02-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Three-dimension body inside crack front edge opening type SIF continuous measuring method |
CN106383056B (en) * | 2016-09-08 | 2019-03-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of said three-dimensional body underbead crack leading edge opening mode SIF method for continuous measuring |
CN108507856A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-07 | 四川理工学院 | Detect sample of filler dispersity and preparation method thereof and application method |
CN108709801A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-10-26 | 四川理工学院 | Under a kind of detection load in high polymer composite material filler dispersity method |
CN108709801B (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2020-09-22 | 四川理工学院 | Method for detecting dispersion state of filler in high polymer composite material under load |
CN110160693A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-08-23 | 无锡集磁科技有限公司 | The measuring method of orientation silicon steel magnetic core resin solidification stress |
CN111551775A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-18 | 新纳传感系统有限公司 | Method for manufacturing current sensor |
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Application publication date: 20160907 |