CN1059286A - Use 1-chloro-1,1,2,2 ,-HFC-134a method for extinguishing fire - Google Patents

Abstract

1-chloro-1,1,2,2-HFC-134a are a kind of extinguishing chemicals that ozone is reduced, and can use separately in overflow system and portable system or use with other compound.

Description

Use 1-chloro-1,1,2,2 ,-HFC-134a method for extinguishing fire

The present invention relates to use 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-HFC-134a (HCF ₂CF ₂Cl) extinguishing method.

People adopt usually that some is brominated, chlorine and the halo chemical agent that contains iodine are put out a fire.These extinguishing chemicals are generally considered to be effective because it has hindered the propagation of flame that normal chain reaction causes.The sequence of operation of having introduced halogen in the prior art is I＞Br＞Cl＞F, for example, C.L.Ford, at Halogented Fire Suppressants, R.G.Gann, ed., Acs Symposium Series16.

Use contains iodine compound as extinguishing chemical, mainly is to have reduced the manufacturing cost of extinguishing chemical or avoided the toxicity of being worried.These three kinds of extinguishing chemicals have all generally used bromine-containing compound, bromo fluoroform (CF at present ₃Br), BCF (CF ₂BrCl) and dibromotetrafluoroethane (BrCF ₂CF ₂Br).Though some chlorine-containing compound is as extinguishing chemical, as the described chloro pentafluoroethane of Larsen (CF in the U.S. Pat 3844354 ₃CF ₂Cl), but the compound that contains bromine is considered to effective usually as extinguishing chemical.

Although the brominated or chloride extinguishing chemical of above name is effectively to fire extinguishing, all halo extinguishing chemical such as CF brominated or chlorine ₃Br and CF ₂BrCl thinks can destroy the ozone layer of preserving our planet.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an extinguishing method, the same quick and effective with the fire extinguishing of this method with the extinguishing chemical that uses at present, and this method is safe to surrounding environment with regard to the ozone minimizing.

For the above-mentioned purpose of mentioning and other purpose, advantage of the present invention and characteristic can be by using 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-HFC-134a (HCF ₂CF ₂And, realize Cl), as the extinguishing chemical that uses in extinguishing method and the device with itself and other compound.Or rather, method of the present invention comprises the 1-chloro-1,1,2 that sprays into extinguishing concentration in waring oneself in front of a fire, the 2-HFC-134a, and keep this concentration till fire is extinguished.1-chloro-1,1,2, the 2-HFC-134a both can be used alone, and also can use with other compound, preferably used under the condition that the jet-propulsion agent exists.Usually, 1-chloro-1,1,2, the scope of application of the mixture of 2-HFC-134a or itself and other compound is 2～15%, preferable range is 4%～10%(volume ratio).

According to the present invention, have been found that with 1-chloro-1,1,2 it is a kind of effective extinguishing chemical that the 2-HFC-134a uses in the safe concentration scope.But because 1-chloro-1,1,2, the 2-HFC-134a contains a hydrogen atom, this hydrogen atom in the troposphere by being removed, so the possibility that ozone reduces is very little with hydroxyl reaction.For example, adopt the Babson method to measure ozone and reduce (ODP) value, 1-chloro-1,1,2, the ODP of 2-HFC-134a are 0.03, respectively with the CF of present use ₃Br and CF ₂The ODP value 14.26 of BrCl extinguishing chemical and 2.65 compares, and its ODP value has reduced more than 99% in each case.

As at Simons, Fluorine Chemistry is reported among the volume3,1-chloro-1,1,2, the LC50 value of 2-HFC-134a (causing half dead required concentration of tester) is the 21%(volume ratio), therefore, this material is effective being lower than under the concentration that biology is had harm.

1-chloro-1,1,2, the 2-HFC-134a can use separately, perhaps uses with other compound, preferably uses under the condition that has the jet-propulsion agent to exist.Can with 1-chloro-1,1,2, the compound that the 2-HFC-134a mixes is chloride and/or bromine-containing compound, as CF ₃Br, CF ₂BrCl, CF ₃CF ₂Cl and BrCF ₂CF ₂Br.With 1-chloro-1,1,2, the compound that the 2-HFC-134a mixes other type of using comprises CF ₂HBr, CF ₃CHFBr, CF ₃CF ₂H, CF ₃CHFCF ₃, CF ₃CHFCl, CF ₃CHCl ₂, CF ₄, CF ₃H and similar fluorocarbon.Material of the present invention also can have jet-propulsion agent such as N ₂, CO ₂, or the condition that exists of Ar under use.

Use 1-chloro-1,1,2 in mixture, its amount is at least 5% of mixture weight during the 2-HFC-134a.In this class mixture, 1-chloro-1,1,2, the use amount of 2-HFC-134a is preferably on the sufficiently high level, so that environmentally harmful influence chloride and that bromine-containing compound causes reaches minimum.

In fact, under the prerequisite that fire can be extinguished, can use the 1-chloro-1,1,2 of any least concentration effectively, the 2-HFC-134a, minimum flow depends on special combustible material and burning condition exactly.Generally, when 1-chloro-1,1,2, the use amount of the admixture of 2-HFC-134a or mixture is about the 4%(volume ratio) time, effect is best.Equally, employed maximum is regulated by economic situation with to the potential toxicity of biology.In the area in residence is arranged, the 1-chloro-1,1,2 of use, the suitable maximum of 2-HFC-134a and composition thereof is about 15%.In the area that is on the street, operable concentration is more than 15%, and use amount is by special combustible material and burning condition decision exactly.

1-chloro-1,1,2, the 2-HFC-134a can adopt as CF ₃Br and CF ₂Employed traditional application technology of BrCl extinguishing chemical and method are used.Therefore, in all overflow systems, portable system or special system, can use this extinguishing chemical.Known as the person skilled in the art, under environmental condition, can be pressed into nitrogen or other inert gas of about 600psig at the most in the 2-HFC-134a to 1-chloro-1,1,2.

At length introduced practical application of the present invention by the following examples, present embodiment is just in order to specify rather than limitation of the present invention.

Embodiment 1

Adopt the cup firing method to measure the concentration of extinguishing the required extinguishing chemical of normal heptane diffusion flame.Extinguishing chemical steam is mixed with air, and be sprayed onto in the flame, the concentration of extinguishing chemical slowly increases till this air-flow just is enough to fray-out of flame.Table 1 has been listed data, and its tables of data is understood HCF ₂CF ₂The effect of Cl.CF ₃Br and CF ₂The value of BrCl is as the usefulness of reference.

Table 1

Extinguishing of normal heptane diffusion flame

The required extinguishing chemical extinguishing concentration of extinguishing chemical air mass flow

(CC/ branch) (CC/ branch) (percent by volume) (mg/L)

HCF ₂CF ₂Cl 16，200 1290 7.4 411

CF ₂BrCl 16，200 546 3.3 222

CF ₃Br ¹16，200 510 3.1 189

Embodiment 2

Adopt the act as a fuel process of repetition embodiment 1 of normal butane.The results are shown in the table 2, this table has shown HCF ₂CF ₂The effect of Cl knock down the flame.

Table 2

Extinguishing of normal butane diffusion flame

The required extinguishing chemical extinguishing concentration of extinguishing chemical air mass flow

(CC/ branch) (CC/ branch) (percent by volume) (mg/L)

HCF ₂CF ₂Cl 16，200 1158 6.7 372

CF ₂BrCl 16，200 420 2.5 168

CF ₃Br 16，200 396 2.4 146

Although above listed brominated or chloride extinguishing chemical CF ₃Br and CF ₂BrCl compares HCF ₂CF ₂Cl is more effective, but uses HCF according to the present invention ₂CF ₂Cl can be more favourable, and the having a strong impact on environment of being brought with the perhalogeno extinguishing chemical avoided in its use effectively.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of method for extinguishing fire, comprising following steps: with the 1-chloro-1,1,2 of extinguishing concentration, the 2-HFC-134a sprays in the fire, keeps this extinguishing concentration till fire is extinguished.

2, the process of claim 1 wherein and spray into 1-chloro-1,1,2 in the fire that the concentration of 2-HFC-134a is no more than the 15%(volume ratio with respect to the gas around the fire).

3, the process of claim 1 wherein and spray into 1-chloro-1,1,2 in the fire that the concentration of 2-HFC-134a is 3～10%(volume ratio with respect to the gas around the fire).

4, the process of claim 1 wherein that the described step that sprays into comprises by a total overflow system injection 1-chloro-1,1,2,2-HFC-134a.

5, the process of claim 1 wherein that described injecting step comprises by a portable fire extinguishing system sprays into 1-chloro-1,1,2, the 2-HFC-134a.

6, a kind of method for extinguishing fire, its step comprises:

Spray into the mixture of extinguishing concentration in waring oneself in front of a fire, this mixture contains: HCF ₂CF ₂Cl and one or more are selected from CF ₃Br, CF ₂BrCl, BrCF ₂CF ₂Br, CF ₃CHFBr, CF ₃CHCl ₂, CF ₃CHFCl, CF ₃CF ₂Cl, CF ₃CF ₂H, CF ₃CHFCF ₃, CF ₂HCl, CF ₃H and CF ₄Compound in the group, wherein HCF ₂CF ₂The content of Cl is at least 1% of mixture weight, and the extinguishing concentration that keeps this mixture is till fire is extinguished.

7, the process of claim 1 wherein and select nitrogen, CO ₂, and argon gas in a kind of compound as the jet-propulsion agent.

8, the method for claim 6 is wherein selected nitrogen, CO ₂With a kind of compound in the argon gas as the jet-propulsion agent.