CN105928677A - Liquid shaking frequency testing method of irregular-shaped water tank structure - Google Patents

Liquid shaking frequency testing method of irregular-shaped water tank structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105928677A
CN105928677A CN201610231790.3A CN201610231790A CN105928677A CN 105928677 A CN105928677 A CN 105928677A CN 201610231790 A CN201610231790 A CN 201610231790A CN 105928677 A CN105928677 A CN 105928677A
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frequency
liquid
cisten mechanism
water tank
abnormity
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李小军
宋辰宁
韩杰
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid shaking frequency testing method of an irregular-shaped water tank structure. The irregular-shaped water tank structure in which the liquid shaking frequency is to be tested is selected or made; pore water pressure sensors are arranged within the liquid depth range; water is injected into the irregular-shaped water tank structure so that the water surface reaches a target height; the water contained irregular-shaped water tank structure is fixed on a shake table; the pore water pressure sensors are connected with a high-speed static strain test analysis system via a data line, and the high-speed static strain test analysis system is connected with a computer via a data line; the shake table is started to provide external excitation for the irregular-shaped water tank structure, and a recorded dynamic water pressure time-history curve is de-noised; data information in the liquid free shaking stage is extracted from the time-history curve; Fourier transform is carried out on the data curve; and the abscissa frequencies corresponding to the maximal values of all the amplitude ordinates are recorded from low to high, and the frequency value represents the i-th order frequency of liquid shaking of the water tank structure. A test result is accurate, reliable and low in error.

Description

Abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for testing of a kind of abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency, mainly utilize existing sensor, by letter Number process accomplishes the end in view, and belongs to liquid sloshing characteristic test technical field.
Background technology
The dynamic trait of object or structure is by the basis of dynamic analysis, therefore, cisten mechanism carrying out earthquake, shock etc. dynamic Power analysis have to be understood that the slosh frequency of liquid.
For simple, regular cisten mechanism, approximate solution can be obtained by hypotheses and theoretical derivation.With cylindrical water tank As a example by, it is assumed that container is rigidity, and liquid is to be supported for horizontal movement under incompressible perfect fluid, and water tank, There is no rotational component, then the slosh frequency of liquid can obtain by solving following formula:
f i = 1 2 π λ i g R tanh ( λ i H R ) - - - ( 1 )
In formula: fiIt is the i-th rank slosh frequency of liquid, λiBeing the i-th root of first-order bessel function derivative, g is that gravity adds Speed, R is the bottom surface radius of cylindrical water tank, and H is the height of liquid in cisten mechanism.The method is applicable to simple structure Liquid sloshing frequency solves, and being applied to complexity, polymorphic structure then needs simplification further to model, and computational accuracy cannot ensure.
In shaketalle test, the natural frequency of vibration of structure obtains generally by white noise frequency sweep.Structurally lay acceleration or position Displacement sensor, applies the excitation of a series of different frequencies by vibration table to structure, observes the data signal collected, makes structure Vibratory response when reaching maximum the driving frequency of input be the natural frequency of vibration of this structure.The method is applicable to natural frequency of structures Test, due to the particularity of liquid, cause on liquid, to arrange acceleration, displacement transducer.Liquid sloshing wave height The test condition that on the one hand tested person instrument is laid limits (such as closing, opaque water tank etc.), when on the other hand liquid body rocks The impact of fluid spills, it is impossible to facilitate, obtained by the traditional method of white noise frequency sweep efficiently and accurately the slosh frequency of liquid.
CAP1400 nuclear power plant nuclear island structual shield Factory Building top layout has special-shaped water tank, existing theoretical method to be primarily adapted for use in letter Single, the slosh frequency of regular texture solves, and the result of calculation accuracy of numerical analysis software cannot ensure, it is therefore desirable to Yi Zhongshi Test method for testing obtains abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency, both simple possible, can apply to again the water tank knot in various cross section Structure, in order to further structure is carried out dynamic analysis.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, based on the significant data in this liquid sloshing of dynamic hydraulic pressure, propose one and be used for testing abnormity water tank knot The apparatus and method of structure liquid sloshing frequency, transducer arrangements is convenient, and signal-data processing is simple, and certainty of measurement is high.
The present invention propose method of testing, Fourier based on data signal convert, Fourier conversion physics, acoustics, The fields such as optics, Structural Dynamics, signal processing are widely used, in the signal processing, and the typical use of Fourier conversion Being that signal decomposition becomes amplitude component and frequency component, equation is as follows:
F ( ω ) = ∫ - ∞ + ∞ f ( t ) e - i ω t d t - - - ( 2 )
In formula, f (t) is the data signal of t change in time, and F (ω) is the frequency spectrum function of f (t), and | F (ω) | is the amplitude of f (t) Frequency spectrum.
Device of the present invention sees Fig. 1, and this device includes: vibration table 1, abnormity cisten mechanism 2, pore water pressure pass Sensor 3, high speed static strain testing analyze system 4, computer 5.
Each several part major function is as follows: vibration table 1 is responsible for providing excitation input；Abnormity cisten mechanism 2 is in order to carry liquid；Hole Gap water pressure sensor 3 is in order to measure hydraulic pressure at layout points；High speed static strain testing analyzes system 4 in order to gather pore water pressure The hydraulic pressure that force sensor measuring arrives；Computer 5, in order to record hydraulic pressure time-history curves at transducer arrangements, carries out data process.Hole Gap water pressure sensor 3, high speed static strain testing are analyzed and are connected by data connecting line between system 4, computer 5.Real When testing, vibration table 1 provides input to abnormity cisten mechanism 2, analyzes system 4 by high speed static strain testing and gathers and record Flowing pressure time-history curves, utilizes Fourier conversion that " time m-dynamic hydraulic pressure " time-history curves is converted to " frequency-amplitude " curve, Each rank slosh frequency is identified with this.
The invention have the advantages that
(1) utilize dynamic hydraulic pressure data to carry out Fourier conversion, the same of this hydrodynamics key parameter of hydraulic pressure can be moved at record Time, obtain the slosh frequency of liquid, simple to operation, it is not necessary to separately to set sensor.
(2) comparing relevant scholar utilizes wave height data to calculate slosh frequency, and the present invention surveys without the concern for wave height such as fluid spills An examination difficult problem.Sensor is laid simple, is not required to consider the problems such as material is the most transparent, cisten mechanism is the most regular, widely applicable.
(3) test result is the most credible, and error is little.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 tests device layout drawing
Flowing pressure time-history curves after Fig. 2 noise reduction process
Fig. 3 Free Slosh of Liquid stage moves hydraulic pressure time-history curves
" frequency-amplitude " curve after Fig. 4 Fourier conversion
Fig. 5 a numerical analysis single order rocks mode
Fig. 5 b numerical analysis second order rocks mode
Mode is rocked on Fig. 5 c numerical analysis three rank
Fig. 5 d numerical analysis quadravalence rocks mode
In figure: 1, vibration table, 2, abnormity cisten mechanism, 3, pore water pressure sensor, 4, high speed static strain testing divides Analysis system, 5, computer.
Concrete test mode
Below by a special-shaped cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency test example, the invention will be further described.
Step one: choose or make the special-shaped cisten mechanism 2 of testing liquid slosh frequency, Fig. 2 provides the trapezoidal of example employing Cross section annular water tank.
Step 2: at abnormity cisten mechanism 2 sidewall, arranges in the range of liquid depth that pore water pressure sensor is (in order to ensure meter Calculation result is accurate, can be along height placement many groups sensor).
Step 3: water filling in abnormity cisten mechanism 2, makes the water surface reach object height.
Step 4: the special-shaped cisten mechanism 2 being filled with water is fixed on vibration table 1.
Step 5: connect pore water pressure sensor 3 by data wire and high speed static strain testing analyzes system 4, high-speed static State strain testing analyzes system 4 and computer 5.
Step 6: the debugging of test system.
(1) open test software, be arranged as required to sample frequency.
(2) according to model corresponding to pore water pressure sensor 3, test systematic parameter (mainly sensitivity coefficient) is set.
(3), before using, pore water pressure sensor 3 is immersed in the water in the case of energising and preheats half an hour more than, observe note The hydrostatic pressure that record is arrived is the most correct, as errorless, can formally gather.
Step 7: vibration table 1 starts, provides dynamic excitation, by pore water pressure sensor 3 He to abnormity cisten mechanism 2 High speed static strain testing analyzes system 4, and flowing pressure time-history curves shows and is saved in computer 5.
Step 8: the flowing pressure time-history curves that recorded is carried out noise reduction process, and the curve after process is as shown in Figure 2.
Step 9: extract the data message in Free Slosh of Liquid stage in time-history curves, as shown in Figure 3.
Step 10: data and curves shown in Fig. 3 is carried out Fourier conversion, will " time m-dynamic hydraulic pressure " Curve transform be " frequency- Amplitude " curve, as shown in Figure 4.
Step 11: in " frequency-amplitude " curve, records each amplitude vertical coordinate from small to large and occurs during maximum corresponding Abscissa frequency, frequency values be this cisten mechanism liquid sloshing i-th (i=1,2,3 ...) order frequency.
At present, the research of liquid sloshing mode is mainly carried out in terms of theoretical derivation, experiment test and numerical analysis three.Theoretical Derivation is based primarily upon Housner theory and is analyzed, it is adaptable to simple cross section water tank.For polymorphic structure, it is common practice to Becoming simple cross section to calculate its equivalence, result has certain error (hereafter have and compare).Numerical analysis is the most conventional Method, it also requires the accuracy of guarantee result is mutually authenticated with experiment test.The present invention is simple, both can be independent Test, it is possible to be used for verifying the reasonability of numerical analysis.
It is above an application example of the present invention, is not limited to the test of such cisten mechanism slosh frequency.
Below by the contrast of this odd-shaped cross section cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency test result Yu Numerical results, the result Reasonability, by the contrast with simplified model Theory Solution, it was demonstrated that the accuracy of result.
(1) contrast with Numerical results
Owing to, from the beginning of the 4th order mode state, frequency change is inconspicuous, is difficult to differentiate between higher order frequency from experimental data.Meanwhile, Play a major role liquid sloshing dynamic trait is former order mode states, therefore chooses front 4 order frequencies and contrasts, numerical analysis The front 4 order mode states extracted are as shown in Fig. 5 a-5d.For ensureing that test result is accurate, reduce error, the sample of test average as far as possible This number is 50, comparing result such as table 1:
Table 1 liquid sloshing frequency test result contrasts with Numerical results
As can be seen from the comparison result, removing three order frequencies, error is respectively less than 1%, although the 3rd order frequency error is relatively big, also Only 5.8%, demonstrate test result reasonability.
(2) contrast with simplified model Theory Solution
This model is trapezoid cross section annular water tank, and it is square-section annular water that associated specialist scholar proposes its equivalent-simplification Case, and give the slosh frequency computing formula of square-section annular water tank:
f i = ( g / R o ) ξ i tanhk i 2 π - - - ( 3 )
K=Ri/Ro (4)
ki=(ha/Ro)ξi (5)
In formula, fiBeing the i-th rank slosh frequency of liquid, g is acceleration of gravity, RoIt is annulus water tank outer radius, RiIt is round Ring water tank inside radius, ξiIt is equation J '1(ξi)Y′1(kξi)-J′1(kξi)Y′1(ξiI & lt root (the J of)=01,Y1Be respectively the first kind and Equations of The Second Kind first-order bessel function, J '1,Y′1It is J respectively1,Y1First derivative), haIt it is liquid level after equivalent-simplification.
This abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing fundamental frequency tried to achieve by formula (3) is 0.5155Hz, with test average 0.4935Hz Error is 4.46%.Have verified that the reasonability of experimental results, contrast to prove with this equivalence method for simplifying above and solve abnormity water Box structure slosh frequency error is bigger.

Claims (3)

1. abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency test method, it is characterised in that:
Step one: choose or make the special-shaped cisten mechanism (2) of testing liquid slosh frequency；
Step 2: at abnormity cisten mechanism (2) sidewall, arranges pore water pressure sensor, in order to protect in the range of liquid depth Card result of calculation is accurate, along height placement many groups sensor；
Step 3: water filling in abnormity cisten mechanism (2), makes the water surface reach object height；
Step 4: the special-shaped cisten mechanism (2) being filled with water is fixed on vibration table (1)；
Step 5: connect pore water pressure sensor (3) by data wire and high speed static strain testing analyzes system (4), High speed static strain testing analyzes system (4) and computer (5)；
Step 6: the debugging of test system；
(1) open test software, be arranged as required to sample frequency；
(2) according to model corresponding to pore water pressure sensor (3), test systematic parameter is set；
(3), before using, pore water pressure sensor (3) is immersed in the water in the case of energising and preheats half an hour more than, observe The hydrostatic pressure that recorded is the most correct, as errorless, formally gathers；
Step 7: vibration table (1) starts, is provided dynamic excitation to abnormity cisten mechanism (2), is sensed by pore water pressure Device (3) and high speed static strain testing analyze system (4), and flowing pressure time-history curves shows and is saved in computer (5) In；
Step 8: the flowing pressure time-history curves that recorded is carried out noise reduction process；
Step 9: extract the data message in Free Slosh of Liquid stage in time-history curves；
Step 10: data and curves carries out Fourier conversion, be " frequency-amplitude " song by " time m-dynamic hydraulic pressure " Curve transform Line；
Step 11: in " frequency-amplitude " curve, records each amplitude vertical coordinate from small to large and occurs during maximum corresponding Abscissa frequency, frequency values is the i-th order frequency of this cisten mechanism liquid sloshing, i=1,2,3 ...；
At present, the research of liquid sloshing mode is mainly carried out in terms of theoretical derivation, experiment test and numerical analysis three；Theoretical Derivation is based primarily upon Housner theory and is analyzed, it is adaptable to simple cross section water tank；For polymorphic structure, it is common practice to Becoming simple cross section to calculate its equivalence, result has certain error；Numerical analysis is the most conventional method, but also needs The accuracy of guarantee result is mutually authenticated with experiment test；The present invention is simple, both can independent test, it is possible to be used for The reasonability of checking numerical analysis.
Abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency test method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The slosh frequency of liquid obtains by solving following formula:
f i = 1 2 π λ i g R tanh ( λ i H R ) - - - ( 1 )
In formula: fiIt is the i-th rank slosh frequency of liquid, λiBeing the i-th root of first-order bessel function derivative, g is that gravity adds Speed, R is the bottom surface radius of cylindrical water tank, and H is the height of liquid in cisten mechanism；The typical use of Fourier conversion is Signal decomposition becomes amplitude component and frequency component, and equation is as follows:
F ( ω ) = ∫ - ∞ + ∞ f ( t ) e - i ω t d t - - - ( 2 )
In formula, f (t) is the data signal of t change in time, and F (ω) is the frequency spectrum function of f (t), and | F (ω) | is the amplitude of f (t) Frequency spectrum.
Abnormity cisten mechanism liquid sloshing frequency test method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The device that this method is used includes: vibration table (1), abnormity cisten mechanism (2), pore water pressure sensor (3), High speed static strain testing analyzes system (4), computer (5)；
Each several part major function is as follows: vibration table (1) is responsible for providing excitation input；Abnormity cisten mechanism (2) is in order to liquid carrying Body；Pore water pressure sensor (3) is in order to measure hydraulic pressure at layout points；High speed static strain testing analyze system (4) in order to Gather the hydraulic pressure that pore water pressure sensor measurement is arrived；Computer (5) in order to record hydraulic pressure time-history curves at transducer arrangements, Carry out data process；Pore water pressure sensor (3), high speed static strain testing analyze system (4), computer (5) Between connected by data connecting line；During experiment, vibration table (1) provides input to abnormity cisten mechanism (2), by a high speed Static strain testing analyze system (4) gather and record flowing pressure time-history curves, utilize Fourier conversion will " time m-dynamic water Pressure " time-history curves is converted to " frequency-amplitude " curve, identifies each rank slosh frequency with this.
CN201610231790.3A 2016-04-14 2016-04-14 Liquid shaking frequency testing method of irregular-shaped water tank structure Pending CN105928677A (en)

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CN117571040A (en) * 2024-01-17 2024-02-20 常州平博医药研发有限公司 Medical storage environment monitoring method and system

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108801567A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-11-13 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 A kind of liquid level communicating pipe influenced test device and test method by structure oscillation crosswise
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