CN105920110A - 一种家禽饲料添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种家禽饲料添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105920110A CN105920110A CN201610256303.9A CN201610256303A CN105920110A CN 105920110 A CN105920110 A CN 105920110A CN 201610256303 A CN201610256303 A CN 201610256303A CN 105920110 A CN105920110 A CN 105920110A
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种家禽饲料添加剂及其制备方法,涉及农业技术领域,该家禽饲料添加剂能够提高家禽的免疫力,同时无药物残留。该家禽饲料添加剂包括以下重量份数的组分:杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份。本发明应用于饲养家禽。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农业领域,尤其涉及一种家禽饲料添加剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
家禽的肉蛋营养丰富。家禽的肉富含蛋白质,同时也含有丰富的磷(phosphorus)和其他矿物质,以及大量的复合维他命B。与多数牛肉和猪肉相比,家禽的肉脂肪更低,同时家禽的肝富含维他命A。对于小型农场和家庭饮食而言,家禽是相对更方便的活物,因为它们的个体体型较小。与肉和奶制品相比,自然状态下的蛋更容易保鲜,为了便于储存和运输,蛋可以有多种加工方式。
随着饲料工业的发展,饲料添加剂进入了一个新的发展阶段,在现代化养殖中,饲料添加剂的使用十分广泛。现有的饲料添加剂绝大部分含有激素,这类添加剂虽然能快速促进畜类生长,但长期使用副作用大,且会在肉、蛋及环境中产生药物残留,影响人体健康,这类饲料添加剂在长期使用中出现的弊端逐渐被人们所认识。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于提供一种家禽饲料添加剂及其制备方法,该家禽饲料添加剂能够提高家禽的免疫力,同时无药物残留。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
该家禽饲料添加剂包括以下重量份数的组分:
杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份。
优选的,家禽饲料添加剂包括以下组分:杭菊18份,桑叶30份,连翘30份,穿心莲12份,桔梗18份,牛蒡子18份,甘草15份。
杭菊味辛、甘、苦,微寒。归肺、肝经。杭菊具有养肝明目、清心、补肾、健脾和胃、润喉、生津,以及调整血脂等功效。对中枢神经有镇静作用;有解热作用;增强毛细血管抵抗力、扩张冠状动脉作用;有抑菌作用,杭菊水煎剂及水浸剂对金黄色葡萄球菌、痢疾杆菌、变形杆菌、伤寒杆菌、副伤寒杆菌、霍乱弧菌、乙型溶血型链球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、人型结核菌及流感病毒(PR3株)均有抑制作用。
桑叶味苦、甘,性寒。归肺、肝经。桑叶可以用于疏散风热,清肺润燥,平肝明目,凉血止血。可治疗风热感冒或风温初起,发热头痛,汗出恶风,咳嗽胸痛;或治疗肺燥干咳无痰;咽干口渴;风热及肝阳上扰;目赤肿痛。用于风热感冒,肺热燥咳,头晕头痛,目赤昏花。
连翘性凉,味微苦辛,入心、肝、胆经,具有清热、解毒、散结、消肿等功效。主治温热,丹毒,斑疹,痈疡肿毒,瘰疬,小便淋闭。另对治疗急性肾炎、紫癜病、肺脓肿、视网膜出血等病症有一定疗效。
穿心莲味苦,性寒。归心,肺,大肠,膀胱经。有清热解毒、消炎、消肿止痛作用。治急性菌痢,胃肠炎,感冒,流脑,气管炎,肺炎,百日咳,肺结核,肺脓疡,胆囊炎,高血压,鼻衄,口咽肿痛,疮疖痈肿,水火烫伤,毒蛇咬伤。
桔梗宣肺,祛痰,利咽,排脓。桔梗味苦、辛,性平。归肺经。功效宣肺、利咽、祛痰、排脓。其所含的桔梗皂苷对口腔、咽喉部位、胃粘膜的直接刺激,反射性地增加支气管粘膜分泌亢进从而使痰液稀释,易于排出;桔梗有镇咳作用,有增强抗炎和免疫作用,其抗炎强度与阿斯匹林相似;水提物能增强巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,增强中性白细胞的杀菌力,提高溶菌酶活性;对应激性溃疡有预防作用。桔梗粗皂苷有镇静、镇痛、解热作用,又能降血糖、降胆固醇,松弛平滑肌。桔梗皂苷有很强的溶血作用,但口服能在消化道中分解破坏而失去溶血作用。
牛蒡子无臭,味苦后微辛而稍麻舌,归肺、胃经,具有疏散风热,宣肺透疹,利咽散结,解毒消肿之功效。属于解表药中发散风热药。主治:风热感冒、温病初起;风热或肺热咳嗽、咯痰不畅;咽喉肿痛;斑疹不透;麻疹初期,疹出不畅及风疹瘙痒;疮疡肿毒及痄腮等。生用可润肠通便,热毒咽喉红肿疼痛,兼有热结便秘尤宜。
甘草是一味应用非常广泛的中草药,有补脾益气、润肺止咳、泻火解毒、缓急止痛、调和诸药等多方面的功效。现代医学研究表明,甘草具有抗病毒、抗炎、保肝的功效,可用于治疗脾虚、咳嗽气喘、咽喉肿痛、痈疮肿毒等。
本发明所提供的家禽饲料添加剂所采用的中草药兼有药性和营养性的双重作用,配合使用后具有养阴润肺、清热解毒、益胃生津、健胃消食、提高免疫功能等功效。应用到家禽饲料中,能有效地调节机体的免疫机能,杀菌灭菌,同时促进家禽进食,提高家禽饲料的利用率。同时毒副作用小、无耐药性,且成分容易获得,保证了该家禽饲料添加剂的制备成本。
中草药的有效成分主要有生物碱、成类、挥发油、裸类、树脂类、有机酸、糖类、蛋白质、多肤和氨基酸,以及油脂、蜡、植物色素等。有效物质被动物机体吸收后参与动物体内的微循环,改善细胞的化学环境和物理环境,激发机体自身的潜能,从而实现组织细胞器官功能的正常化。生物碱类、贰类有效成分能加强网状内皮系统吞噬功能,并能促进抗体生成,促进抗原抗体反应和淋巴细胞转化;多糖类有效成分(如黄等多糖、黄茂多糖、当归多糖等)是免疫活性的主要物质,具有促进胸腺反应,刺激巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;有机酸类有效成分(如马兜铃酸、桂皮酸及其钠盐、当归的阿魏酸、党参的水溶性酸性成分等)能调节胃肠内的pH值,防止有害细菌的繁殖并提高酶的活性,促进动物体内正常代谢,从而提高营养物质的利用率,促进动物生产性能的发挥;挥发油类有效成分能明显提高淋巴细胞转化率、T淋巴细胞酸性和a-醋酸蔡脂阳性率,使中枢淋巴器官和外周淋巴器官增殖,增强细胞免疫功能。可见,中草药自身便可杀灭或抑制细菌或寄生虫等病原微生物,还可显著提高机体的非特异性免疫功能及抗病力,在饲料中的应用价值非常巨大。
本发明还提供了该家禽饲料添加剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、获取杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份;
S2、将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理;
S3、将干燥处理之后的各草药进行粉碎,得到所需的家禽饲料添加剂。
其中,粉碎后的各中草药为80~110目。
本发明还提供了该家禽饲料添加剂的另一种制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、获取杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份;
S2、将获取到的各中草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理;
S3、将清洗、干燥之后的各中草药放入水中煎煮,得到药液;
S4、对所述药液进行浓缩、蒸发、粉碎,获得家禽饲料添加剂。
其中,所述家禽饲料添加剂为80~110目。
本发明的家禽饲料添加剂的制备工艺简单,对设备和场地要求不高,所采用的中草药易于采购,具有投资极少的优势,符合工业化生产要求。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
制备该家禽饲料添加剂,可经过以下步骤:
(1)获取杭菊15份,桑叶25份,连翘27份,穿心莲10份,桔梗15份,牛蒡子15份,甘草12份。
(2)将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理。
其中,为了尽量保留中草药内的有效成分,防止一些水溶性成分丢失,仅将中草药进行快速冲洗,冲洗掉表面存在的泥沙即可,切勿浸泡清洗。
清洗之后,为了便于保存,可将中草药进行干燥处理。其中,干燥处理应根据各药材的性质不同,通过日晒法、摊晾法、烘炕法、烘房和干燥机烘干法、远红外加热干燥法或微波干燥法等干燥法处理。
其中,从成本低廉、操作简便、受外界环境影响小等方面出发,优选微波干燥法。微波干燥实际上是通过感应加热和介质加热,使中草药材中的水分和脂肪不同程度地吸收微波能量,并把它转变为热量从而达到干燥的目的。微波干燥可杀灭微生物和霉菌,并具有消毒作用,使药材达到卫生标准,并能防止药材在贮藏过程中发霉和生虫。
(3)将干燥处理之后的各草药进行粉碎,得到所需的家禽饲料添加剂。
各中草药干燥处理之后,可通过中草药粉碎机、研磨等方法将各中草药粉碎,并充分混合,使得家禽在进食时,不会偏食,保证该家禽饲料添加剂的药效。
在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时,将该家禽饲料添加剂均匀混合在家禽的日常饲料中,具体的,家禽饲料添加剂与日常饲料的比例为0.5~5:99.5~95。
实施例二
制备该家禽饲料添加剂,可经过以下步骤:
(1)获取杭菊18份,桑叶30份,连翘30份,穿心莲12份,桔梗18份,牛蒡子18份,甘草15份。
(2)将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理。
其中,为了尽量保留中草药内的有效成分,防止一些水溶性成分丢失,仅将中草药进行快速冲洗,冲洗掉表面存在的泥沙即可,切勿浸泡清洗。
清洗之后,为了便于保存,可将中草药进行干燥处理。其中,干燥处理应根据各药材的性质不同,通过日晒法、摊晾法、烘炕法、烘房和干燥机烘干法、远红外加热干燥法或微波干燥法等干燥法处理。
其中,从成本低廉、操作简便、受外界环境影响小等方面出发,优选微波干燥法。微波干燥实际上是通过感应加热和介质加热,使中草药材中的水分和脂肪不同程度地吸收微波能量,并把它转变为热量从而达到干燥的目的。微波干燥可杀灭微生物和霉菌,并具有消毒作用,使药材达到卫生标准,并能防止药材在贮藏过程中发霉和生虫。
(3)将干燥处理之后的各草药进行粉碎,得到所需的家禽饲料添加剂。
各中草药干燥处理之后,可通过中草药粉碎机、研磨等方法将各中草药粉碎,并充分混合,使得家禽在进食时,不会偏食,保证该家禽饲料添加剂的药效。
在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时,将该家禽饲料添加剂均匀混合在家禽的日常饲料中,具体的,家禽饲料添加剂与日常饲料的比例为0.5~5:99.5~95。
实施例三
制备该家禽饲料添加剂,可经过以下步骤:
(1)获取杭菊21份,桑叶32份,连翘33份,穿心莲15份,桔梗21份,牛蒡子21份,甘草18份。
(2)将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理。
其中,为了尽量保留中草药内的有效成分,防止一些水溶性成分丢失,仅将中草药进行快速冲洗,冲洗掉表面存在的泥沙即可,切勿浸泡清洗。
清洗之后,为了便于保存,可将中草药进行干燥处理。其中,干燥处理应根据各药材的性质不同,通过日晒法、摊晾法、烘炕法、烘房和干燥机烘干法、远红外加热干燥法或微波干燥法等干燥法处理。
其中,从成本低廉、操作简便、受外界环境影响小等方面出发,优选微波干燥法。微波干燥实际上是通过感应加热和介质加热,使中草药材中的水分和脂肪不同程度地吸收微波能量,并把它转变为热量从而达到干燥的目的。微波干燥可杀灭微生物和霉菌,并具有消毒作用,使药材达到卫生标准,并能防止药材在贮藏过程中发霉和生虫。
(3)将干燥处理之后的各草药进行粉碎,得到所需的家禽饲料添加剂。
各中草药干燥处理之后,可通过中草药粉碎机、研磨等方法将各中草药粉碎,并充分混合,使得家禽在进食时,不会偏食,保证该家禽饲料添加剂的药效。
在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时,将该家禽饲料添加剂均匀混合在家禽的日常饲料中,具体的,家禽饲料添加剂与日常饲料的比例为0.5~5:99.5~95。
实施例四
制备该家禽饲料添加剂,可经过以下步骤:
(1)获取杭菊15份,桑叶25份,连翘33份,穿心莲10份,桔梗15份,牛蒡子15份,甘草12份。
(2)将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理。
其中,为了尽量保留中草药内的有效成分,防止一些水溶性成分丢失,仅将中草药进行快速冲洗,冲洗掉表面存在的泥沙即可,切勿浸泡清洗。
清洗之后,为了便于保存,可将中草药进行干燥处理。本发明实施例中,可将清洗之后的中草药原料分别在60~70℃烘箱中烘烤6~10小时。
(3)将清洗、干燥之后的各中草药放入水中煎煮,得到药液。
将干燥之后的中草药放入水中煎煮,第一次可加9倍重量的水,文火煎煮4小时,过滤。第二次加5倍重量的水,再次文火煎煮3小时,过滤,得到药液。
其中,在煎煮中草药前,可以把药材放在水里泡30分钟到1个小时,让水分能够浸透药材,这样会使要药材的有效成分先溶解一部分在水里,然后再煎煮。
(4)对药液进行浓缩、蒸发、粉碎,获得家禽饲料添加剂。
本发明实施例中,优选薄膜蒸发的方式,获得药液的浓缩物,并将浓缩物粉碎,粉碎为80~110目的颗粒。如此处理之后的中草药的有效成分更易储存,并且用户在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时也更方便。
在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时,将该家禽饲料添加剂均匀混合在家禽的日常饲料中,具体的,家禽饲料添加剂与日常饲料的比例为0.5~5:99.5~95。
实施例五
制备该家禽饲料添加剂,可经过以下步骤:
(1)获取杭菊18份,桑叶30份,连翘30份,穿心莲12份,桔梗18份,牛蒡子18份,甘草15份。
(2)将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理。
其中,为了尽量保留中草药内的有效成分,防止一些水溶性成分丢失,仅将中草药进行快速冲洗,冲洗掉表面存在的泥沙即可,切勿浸泡清洗。
清洗之后,为了便于保存,可将中草药进行干燥处理。本发明实施例中,可将清洗之后的中草药原料分别在60~70℃烘箱中烘烤6~10小时。
(3)将清洗、干燥之后的各中草药放入水中煎煮,得到药液。
将干燥之后的中草药放入水中煎煮,第一次可加9倍重量的水,文火煎煮4小时,过滤。第二次加5倍重量的水,再次文火煎煮3小时,过滤,得到药液。
其中,在煎煮中草药前,可以把药材放在水里泡30分钟到1个小时,让水分能够浸透药材,这样会使要药材的有效成分先溶解一部分在水里,然后再煎煮。
(4)对药液进行浓缩、蒸发、粉碎,获得家禽饲料添加剂。
本发明实施例中,优选薄膜蒸发的方式,获得药液的浓缩物,并将浓缩物粉碎,粉碎为80~110目的颗粒。如此处理之后的中草药的有效成分更易储存,并且用户在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时也更方便。
在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时,将该家禽饲料添加剂均匀混合在家禽的日常饲料中,具体的,家禽饲料添加剂与日常饲料的比例为0.5~5:99.5~95。
实施例六
制备该家禽饲料添加剂,可经过以下步骤:
(1)获取杭菊21份,桑叶32份,连翘33份,穿心莲15份,桔梗21份,牛蒡子21份,甘草18份。
(2)将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理。
其中,为了尽量保留中草药内的有效成分,防止一些水溶性成分丢失,仅将中草药进行快速冲洗,冲洗掉表面存在的泥沙即可,切勿浸泡清洗。
清洗之后,为了便于保存,可将中草药进行干燥处理。本发明实施例中,可将清洗之后的中草药原料分别在60~70℃烘箱中烘烤6~10小时。
(3)将清洗、干燥之后的各中草药放入水中煎煮,得到药液。
将干燥之后的中草药放入水中煎煮,第一次可加9倍重量的水,文火煎煮4小时,过滤。第二次加5倍重量的水,再次文火煎煮3小时,过滤,得到药液。
其中,在煎煮中草药前,可以把药材放在水里泡30分钟到1个小时,让水分能够浸透药材,这样会使要药材的有效成分先溶解一部分在水里,然后再煎煮。
(4)对药液进行浓缩、蒸发、粉碎,获得家禽饲料添加剂。
本发明实施例中,优选薄膜蒸发的方式,获得药液的浓缩物,并将浓缩物粉碎,粉碎为80~110目的颗粒。如此处理之后的中草药的有效成分更易储存,并且用户在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时也更方便。
在使用该家禽饲料添加剂时,将该家禽饲料添加剂均匀混合在家禽的日常饲料中,具体的,家禽饲料添加剂与日常饲料的比例为0.5~5:99.5~95。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (6)
1.一种家禽饲料添加剂,其特征在于,包括以下重量份数的组分:
杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的家禽饲料添加剂,其特征在于,包括以下组分:
杭菊18份,桑叶30份,连翘30份,穿心莲12份,桔梗18份,牛蒡子18份,甘草15份。
3.一种家禽饲料添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
S1、获取杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份;
S2、将获取到的各草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理;
S3、将干燥处理之后的各草药进行粉碎,得到所需的家禽饲料添加剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,粉碎后的各草药为80~110目。
5.一种家禽饲料添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
S1、获取杭菊15~21份,桑叶25~32份,连翘27~33份,穿心莲10~15份,桔梗15~21份,牛蒡子15~21份,甘草12~18份;
S2、将获取到的各中草药分别进行清洗、干燥处理;
S3、将清洗、干燥之后的各中草药放入水中煎煮,得到药液;
S4、对所述药液进行浓缩、蒸发、粉碎,获得家禽饲料添加剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述家禽饲料添加剂为80~110目。
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